THE HISTORY OF NEWCASTLE
upon
TYNE.
OR, THE ANCIENT
and
PRESENT STATE OF THAT TOWN.
By the late
HENRY BOURNE,
M. A. Curate of ALL-HALLOWS in NEWCASTLE.
—Haec—alias inter Caput extulit Ʋ rbes—
VIRG. Ecl. 1.
NEWCASTLE
upon
TYNE:
Printed and Sold by JOHN WHITE. M.DCC.XXXVI.
To the Right Worshipful
WALTER BLACKETT,
Esq
Mayor,
JOHN ISAACSON,
Esq
Recorder,
Aldermen.
William Ellison,
Esq
Matthew Fetherstonhaugh,
Esq
Richard Ridley,
Esq
Francis Rudston,
Esq
Nicolas Fenwick,
Esq
William Carr,
Esq
Nathanael Clayton,
Esq
Cuthbert Fenwick,
Esq
Robert Sorsbie,
Esq
Matthew Ridley,
Esq
JOHN WILKINSON,
Esq
Sheriff;
AND TO THE
COMMON-COUNCIL
OF THE Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne:
This WORK is most humbly Dedicated, By the AUTHOR
'S
Children,
Henry Bourne,
Eleanor Bourne.
A LIST OF THE SUBSCRIBERS.
A
ALLEN Thomas,
Esq
Allen,
Mr.
Richard
All good,
the Rev. Mr.
Anderson,
Mr.
Joseph
Anesley, Mark,
Esq
Anesley,
Mr.
William
Armstrong,
Mr.
John
Askew,
Dr.
Adam
Atkinson,
Mr.
Henry
B
BELL,
Mr.
James
Bell,
Mr.
Matthew
Biggs William,
Esq
Binks,
Mr.
Thomas
Blackett,
the Right Worshipful
Walter,
Esq
MAYOR
Blackston,
Mr.
John
Bland,
Dr. Dean of
Durham
Blinkinsop,
Mr.
William
Bolton,
Mr.
Silvester
Boulby,
Mr.
Adam
Bowes George,
Esq
Bridgman William,
Esq
Brooke Philip,
Esq
Browell,
Dr.
Browell,
Mr.
Mark
Buck,
the Rev. Mr.
(York)
Butler,
the Rev. Mr.
Benjamin
Butler,
Mr.
Benjamin.
C
CALEY,
Mr.
Samuel
Chambers,
Mr.
Robert
Campbell,
the Hon.
Alexander Hume,
Esq
Clark,
Mr.
James
Clavering James,
Esq
Clayton Nathaniel,
Esq
Alderman
Clennell Percival,
Esq
Clennell Thomas,
Esq
Colpits,
Mr.
George
Cooper,
Mr.
Challoner
Coulson,
Mr.
Henry
Cunningham,
Mr. of
Beadale,
Surgeon
Cuthbert,
the Rev. Mr.
Cuthbertson,
Mr.
George
D
DAWSON,
Mr.
Christopher
Dawson,
Mr.
John
Davison William,
Esq
Dennet Robert,
Esq
Dick,
Mr.
Andrew
Dockwray,
the Rev. Mr.
Thomas
Dunn,
Mr.
Anthony
E
EDEN,
Sir
Robert,
Bart.
Eden,
the Rev. Mr.
Ellison Henry,
Esq
F
FAIRLESS,
Mr.
Edward
Farrington,
the Rev. Mr.
Firebrace,
Sir
Cordell,
Bart.
Fenwick Cuthbert,
Alderman
Fenwick,
Mrs.
Esther
Fenwick
the Rev. Mr.
George,
Vicar of
Bolam
Fenwick John,
Esq
of
By well.
Fenwick,
Mr.
Thomas
Foster,
Mr.
Henry
Foster,
Mr.
Timothy
Foster,
Mr. — Jun. of
Alnwick
G
GAPE, Tho.
Esq
of St.
Alban
's.
Gent,
Mr.
Thomas (York)
Graham,
Mr.
William
Grey George,
Esq
H
HALL,
the Rev. Dr. Prebendary of
Durham
Hall Charles,
Esq
Hall,
Mr.
James
Hanby,
Mr.
William
Harle,
Mr.
Edward
Harper,
Mr.
William
Hawden,
Mr.
Thomas
Hedworth John,
Esq
Henderson,
Mr.
William
Henzell,
Mr.
Peregrine
Heron,
Mr. of
London
Hildyard,
Mr.
John,
of
York
Hinkster,
Mr.
George
Hobson,
the Rev. Mr. Vicar of
Bosall
Holden,
the Rev. Mr. of
Morpeth
Hopkins,
Mr.
Lancaster
Huddleston,
Mr.
John
Hudson,
Mr.
John
Hudspeth,
Mr.
Robert
Hull,
Mr.
John
Hunter,
Dr.
Christopher,
of
Durham
Hunter,
Mr.
Hutchinson,
Mr.
Hylton John,
Esq
of
Hylton
J
JENNISON Ralph,
Esq
(Walworth)
Johnson,
Mr.
Richard
Johnson,
Mr.
Robert
K
KEMP,
Sir
Robert,
Bart.
Kennedy,
Mr.
Archibald
L
LANGSTAFFE,
Mr.
Joseph
Lattany,
Mr.
Joseph
Lawson Robert,
Esq
of
Chirton.
Lewen George,
Esq
Lewin,
Mr.
Thomas,
Barrister at Law
Liddell,
Sir
Henry,
Bart.
Liddell George,
Esq
Liddell,
Mr.
Joseph
Linton,
Mr.
William
Lowther,
Sir
William,
Bart.
Lowther,
Dr.
M
MABELL,
Mr.
Edward
Maddison,
the Rev. Mr.
Marshal,
Mr.
Thomas
Midford,
Mr.
George,
Milbank John,
Esq
Moncaster,
Mr.
James
Morris,
Mr.
John
Mowbray George,
Esq
N
NEWTON,
Mr.
William
Nichols Francis,
of
Lintz Green,
in the County of
Durham,
Esq
O
OLIVER,
Mr.
John
Ord,
Mr.
John
Oyston,
Mr.
Thomas,
of
Bishop Auckland
P
PAWSON,
Mr.
John
Packer Winchcomb Howard,
Esq
Peacock,
Mr.
Joseph
Preston,
Mr.
Cuthbert
Probyn,
Mr.
Henry (London)
Pye William,
Esq
Pye,
Mr.
John
R
RAMSDEN,
Mrs. of
York
Rawling,
Mr.
Thomas
Rawlison Richard,
LL. D. F. R. S.
Ray,
the Rev. Mr. Vicar of
Warden
Reay Henry,
Esq
Alderman.
Ridley Richard,
Esq
Alderman
Ridley Matthew,
Esq
Alderman
Richardson,
Mr.
Cuthbert
Richardson,
Mr.
John
Robinson,
Mr.
John
Rogers John,
Esq
Rudd John,
Esq
Rudston Francis,
Esq
Alderman
Rutter,
Mr.
Christopher
S
SCARBOROUGH,
the Right Hon.
Richard
Earl of
Scourfield,
Mr.
John,
of
Washington
Selby,
Mr.
William
Shaftoe John,
Esq
Shaftoe,
Mrs.
Anne
Shaftoe,
Mrs.
Sarah
Sharp,
the Rev. Dr.
Shields,
Mr.
Thomas
Shipley,
Mr.
Thomas (London)
Simpson,
the Rev. Mr.
John
Simpson,
Mr.
John
Smith George,
Esq
Smith,
Mr.
Joseph
Smith,
Mr.
Thomas
Snowden,
Mr.
John
Soresbie Robert,
Esq
Alderman
Sowerby,
Mr.
Ralph
Spearman Robert,
Esq
Spoor,
Mr.
Christopher
Stafford,
the Rev. Mr.
Staples,
Mr.
Alexander,
Bookseller in
York
Stillingfleet,
the Rev. Mr.
Robert
Steel,
Mr.
John.
Surtees,
Mr.
Robert.
Swaddell,
Mrs.
Mary
T
TALBOT,
the Hon.
William,
Esq
Talbot William,
Esq
Thompson,
the Rev. Mr.
William,
Curate of St.
Nicholas
Thornton John,
Esq
Thornton Tempest,
Esq
of
Wakefield
Thorold John,
Esq
Son of Sir
John Thorold,
Bart. of
Marston
in
Lincolnshire
Thorsby,
Mr.
Thomas
Toker,
Mr.
Walter (London)
Tomlinson,
Mr.
Richard
Tomlinson Robert,
D. D.
Trefusis Robert,
of
Trefusis,
Esq
Trewit,
Mr.
William
Trinity-House
Trotter,
Mr.
Ralph,
of
Durham
U
VAUGHAN,
Mr.
Shaftoe
Usher,
Mr.
William
W
WALLIS,
Mr.
Thomas
Walph,
Mr.
Timothy (London)
Walton,
Mr.
Samuel (London)
Waring,
Mr.
Waters,
Mr.
Henry
Waters,
Mr.
Thomas
Watson,
Mr.
John
Weddell,
the Rev. Mr.
Wheeler Granville,
Esq
Whitfield Utrick,
Esq
Widdrington,
Mr.
John
Wilkinson,
Mr.
Jacob,
of
South Shields
Wilkinson,
Mr.
John
Wilkinson Thomas,
Esq
of
Durham
Williams,
Mr.
Edward
Williams,
Mr.
John
Wilson,
Mr.
Chilton
Woodbourne,
Mr.
Henry,
of
Wolverston
Wrightson William,
Esq
of
Cusworth
THE PREFACE.
I Am sensible that this Performance will come into the World much more imperfect than I at first thought it would. But I have labour'd under so many Difficulties in the compiling of it, that when but a few of them are mentioned, I hope for a candid and favourable Judgment.
AFTER I had collected in private what Materials I could, I was then obliged to go publickly in Quest of more. Upon this I publish'd an
Advertisement,
desiring the Assistance of such as had ancient Writings, or Deeds, or any other Things that might contribute to the helping of the Work.
THIS immediately, occasioned the following Reflections, that it might be of dangerous Consequence to shew ancient Writings, that He was but a Curate that undertook the Work, that his Abilities therefore of Pocket and Mind must be vastly unequal to such a Task; in short, above 12 Months before the Publication of it, some have made it their Business, (so great has been their Ill-nature and Prejudice) as to take all Ways and Methods of decrying it; by Print, by Manuscript, lessening it in all Companies to hinder it's Publication, and speaking as freely of of it, as if they were acquainted with every Line of it's Composition, and by a Prophetick Spirit knew it to be as they talk'd of it.
BY these Means I am certain I have been hindred of many Materials.
BUT there are two grand Disappointments I met with in the Compiling of this Performance, which must not be untaken Notice of. The One is my not being so happy as to see Dr.
Ellison
's Collection of the Antiquities of this Town. A few indeed were sent me, but having the same Copy from Mr.
Douglas,
they were of no Service; and excepting these I saw no more. 'Tis to be hoped, as the Dr. must have made a large Collection, having been about it, as is said, for many Years; that the present Possessor of them will oblige the Town with the Publication of Them, and cure the Imperfections of the present Performance.
THE other Disappointment is the not Meeting with those large Collections of Sir
Robert Shaftoe,
taken Notice of by Bishop
Nicholson
in his
English Historical Library.
I endeavoured after a Sight of them, but they were then either lost, or so mislaid, that there was no coming at them.
AND if I add to all this, an Illness of many Months, and which it pleases God still to continue,
The Author did live but few Months after he wrote this Preface, dying
Feb. 16. 1732.
which too frequently obliges me to trust the Copies of others, and depend upon them, I hope a few Errours and Failings will fall gently to my Share.
HOWEVER in the midst of all this Malice and Ill-nature and these Disappointments, there were some so communicative, and generously assisting, as to give all the Help they could. They are the Gentlemen following.
MR. JOSUAH DOUGLAS, who assisted me with a great Number of Materials.
JOHN MILBANK,
Esq
who sent me a Manuscript which is frequently mentioned.
CHRSTOPHER HUNTER of
Durham,
M. D. who has obliged me in the kindest Manner, with several curious Manuscripts which are acknowledged in their proper Places.
The Rev. Mr. SMITH of
Melsonby,
who sent me a Book of antient Deeds and Charters copy'd from one in
Ʋ niversity College
in
Oxford,
relating to some Lands in this Town.
JOHN THORNTON,
Esq
of
Nether-witton,
who obliged me with a Sight of some ancient Writings, particularly the Will of his famous Ancestor
Roger de Thornton.
ROBERT SHAFTO, of
Benwall,
Esq
who contributed some ancient Writings, particularly One relating to the Chanteries of the Churches of this Town.
The following Gentlemen have also been very kind and ready in assisting me with Books, Transactions, Modern Papers,
&c.
The Rev. Dr. THOMLINSON, Rector of
Whickham.
The Rev. Mr. DOCKWRAY, Lecturer of St.
Nicholas.
The Rev. Mr. LODGE, Master of the Free-School.
The Rev. Mr. COWLING, Curate of St.
Nicholas.
EDWARD COLLINGWOOD,
Esq
WILLIAM CUTHBERT,
Esq
JOHN LOWTHER,
Esq
M. D.
GEORGE GREY,
Esq
Mr. CHARLES CLARK, Jun.
Mr. THOMAS WATERS.
Mr. CHARLES ATKINSON.
Mr. HENRY ATKINSON.
Mr. GEORGE CUTHBERTSON.
IT will neither be necessary nor proper for me at this Time to answer the trifling Objections above-mention'd. I shall therefore only add, that I have spared no Pains; but that as in my Health I laid out all my Endeavours, in the Collecting of Materials from all Quarters I could possibly come at any, so I have now finish'd it according to the best of my Abilities and Judgment.
Close Gate
A
White Fryer Tower
B
White Fryer Gate
BB
Nevil Tower
C
Westspittle Tower
D
Stank Tower
E
Gunner Tower
F
Forth Gate
EF
Pink Tower
G
Westgate
H
Durham Tower
I
Herber Tower
K
Black Fryer Gate
L
Mordon Tower
M
Ever Tower
N
Andrew Tower
O
Newgate
P
Bertram Mumboucher Tower
Q
Ficket Tower
R
Pilgrim Street Gate
S
Carliel Tower
T
Plummer Tower
V
St. Austin Tower
W
Corner Tower
X
Pandon Gate
Y
Carpenters Tower
Z
Wall Kell & Habkin Tower
Sandgate
&c
Ratten Rawe
1
Fennel Street
2
St . John's Church
3
An Alma House.
4
Westmorland Place
5
Back Rawe
6
Fouthill
7
Batliss Gate
8
White Fryers
9
Newgate Street
10
St . Andrews Church
11
High Fryer Chare
12
Parn Crock
13
Hucksters Booths
14
Back gate of the
15
Black Fryers
15
White Cross
16
Fryer Chare
17
Vunn
Gate
18
The Earls Inn
19
Bigg Market
20
Poultry Market
21
Pudding Chare
22
Rose mary Lane
23
Great Market
24
Wooll Market
25
Penton Chare
26
Yron Market
27
Flesh Market
28
St . Nicholas Church
D
Nether Dean Bridge
29
Franciscan Fryers
AA
Upper Dean Bridge
30
The Pilgrim's Inn
31
Wheat Market
32
Painter Hugh
33
All Hallows Church
34
Dog Bank
35
Butcher Bank
36
Herb Market
37
Fish Market
38
Masen Dieu and
M
Merchant's Court
M
Guild Hall
Y
St . Tho
ye Mu
y
Chappel
39
The Close
40
Mayor's House
X.E
Sail makers Meeting house
FO
Yawe
Grappe
41
The Dark Chare
1
Granden Chare
2
Blew Anker Chare
3
Pepper
Chare
4
Palester Chare
5
Colum's Chare
6
Horns by Chare
7
Plumber Chare
8
Fenwick's Chare
9
The Dark Chare
10
Bread Garth
11
Peacock Chare
12
Trinity Chare
13
Remcastle Chare
14
Broad Chare
15
Spicer Aime
16
Bourne Bank
17
Byker Chare
18
Cockis Chare
19
Lore Lane
20
Minor Chare
42
St . Austine Fryers
43
Barber Sur
ans Hall
WH
The Hospital of clergy Mens
St . Merchant Widows
44
M
ey's Island
45
Stock Bridge
46
Fisher gate
47
Wall Knoll,
48
St . Michael's and Mount
49
Gulleram Green
50
Cowgate
51
Blith's Nook
52
Trinity House
TXG
Duckhill in Bread Chare
53
Pants or Fountains
P.
THE Ancient
and
Present STATE OF
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
CHAP. I.
Some Account of the Roman Walls in the Country of the
OTTADINI;
particularly the Walls of
HADRIAN
and
SEVERUS,
which went through this TOWN. The most ancient Name of this TOWN.
I T was about an hundred Years after the Landing of
Julius Caesar
in
this Island,
when the
Brigantes,
a populous and warlike Nation of the
Britains,
whose Country extended from the North of
Humber
to the River
Tyne,
containing the present Counties of
Yorkshire, Durham, Lancashire, Westmoreland,
and
Cumberland,
were first assaulted by the
Romans.
The
Britains
behaved themselves in the War with great Courage and Resolution, 'till at last, in the Reign of
Vespasian,
the greatest Part of them were conquered. After this in the Reign of
Titus, Julius Agricola,
the Lieutenant of
Britain,
who was at least equally Famous for his Conquests over the Customs and Manners of the
Britains,
as for his many Victories over them in Battle, did in the third Year of his Lieutenancy make a Discovery of other Parts of this Island, which were not brought under the
Roman
Yoke. Upon which he marched Northward into the Country of the
Ottadini,
which extends from the North of
Tyne
to the River
Taus,
wasting and destroying all before him, 'till he came to the
Tay
it self. And now according to some was the first Wall made in
Britain:
But it was not properly a Wall, it was only a Line of Garrisons placed upon that Slip of Land between
Edinburgh-Frith
and
Dun-Britain-Frith,
for the Security of what they had already gain'd; and if the Valour of
Agricola
's Army, and the Renown of the
Roman
Name could have suffer'd it, there was no Need of a further Search after the Bounds and Limits of
Britain.
The
Friths
above-mentioned, called then
Glota
and
Bodotria,
might have been very sufficient, being the Arms of two opposite Seas, and only separated by a small Space of Land, which was well fortified with the
Roman
Garrisons; so that the
Romans
were Lords of the whole South, and had cast the Enemy as it were into another Island
Tacit. in vit. Agricol.
. But what could ever bound the Roman Glory, and limit their never satisfied Ambition? It was not enough that they had intirely secured themselves for any Attempts of the
Caledonians,
but
They
also were to be subdued. This was effected in the 8th Year of
Agricola
's Lieutenancy in the reign of
Domitian.
HOWEVER after this,
Cambd.
that further Part of the Island was left to the
The inhabitants went naked, had no Houses to live in, neither did they Till the Ground. As one writeth,
de praeda & venatione, Frondibus
que
Arborum vivant, degent in Tentoriis Nudi & sine calceis.
Grey ex Xiphilin'.
Barbarians,
as neither Pleasant nor Fruitful; but this nether Part was fairly reduc'd to a
Roman
Province; which was not governed by Consular, or Proconsular Deputies; but was counted Praesidial, and appropriate to the
Caesars,
as being a Province annex'd to the Empire, after the Division of Provinces made by
Augustus,
and having
Propraetors
of its own.
HADRIAN,
who was made Emperor about the Year of our Lord 117, made the second Wall.
Cambd.
He drew a Wall, says
Spartian,
of eighty Miles in Length, to divide the Barbarians from the
Romans;
which one may gather, from what follows in
Spartian,
to have been in the Fashion of a
Mural Hedge
of large Stakes, fix'd deep in the Ground, and fastned together with Wattles. The same Authority from the Scotch Historian who wrote the
Rota Temporum,
tells us, that
Hadrian
did first of all draw a Wall of a prodigious Bigness, made of Turf (of that Height that it look'd like a Mountain, and with a deep Ditch before it) From the Mouth of the
Tyne
to the River
Eske,
i. e. from the
German
to the
Irish
Ocean. This is supposed to have been done about the Year 123.
THE
Cambd.
Third Wall was built by
Lollius Urbicus,
Lieutenant of Britain, under
Antoninus Pius,
about the Year 144, who by his great Success removed back the Bounds to where
Julius Agricola
had set them, and raised a Wall there.
THE
Cambd.
Fourth Wall was that of
This Emperor died at
York
about the Year
211,
Feb. 4th.
Severus,
which was built about the Year of Christ 210, which extended from Sea to Sea, quite cross the Island. This was a Wall of Stone, built much about the same Place where the Wall of
Hadrian
was. It had it's Beginning at
Bulness
on the
Irish
Sea, and crossing the Island, went as far as
Walls-End,
a Village about 3 Miles East of
Newcastle.
A
Cambd.
Fifth Wall was built between the two Arms or Bosoms of the Seas for many Miles together, that where the Waters did not defend them, the Wall might be a Security against the Incursions of the Enemy. This Wall was made by
Carausius,
Governour of
Britain,
in the Reign of
Dioclesian,
and stood in the same Place where
Lollius Urbicus
had built his.
THIS being finished, the
Romans
left the
Britains
to their own Valour and Conduct, being called away for the Defence of
Gaul;
But no sooner were they gone, than their Enemies returned, and slew all before them: Upon this they sent Ambassadors to
Rome
to sollicite the Assistance of the
Romans,
which was granted them. For
Valentinian
sent three Companies under the Conduct of
Gallio
of
Ravenua,
who routed the Enemy and relieved the Province. After this
Cambd. p. 86.
ex Gild'.
they made a Wall of Stone (not raised at the publick and private Costs, as the other was) with the Help of the poor Natives, built after the usual Manner, quite cross the Country from one Sea to another, by those Cities which were perhaps built there for fear of the Enemy: They exhorted them to be couragious, and left them Patterns to make their Weapons by. Upon the Southren Shore of
Britain
also, where their Ships lay, (because the barbarous Enemy might enter there) they built
Turrets
at some Distance from one another, that lookt a long Way to the Sea. And so the
Romans
intending never to return more, about the Four Hundred Seventy Sixth Year from the coming of
Julius Caesar,
took their last Farewell.
THIS last Wall, according to
Bede,
was eight Foot broad and twelve Foot high, and stood in the Place where the Walls of
Hadrian
and
Severus
had stood.
Cambd.
It had great Number of Towers or little
Castles,
a Mile one from another, called now
Castlesteeds;
and on the Inside a Sort of
fortified little Towns
call'd
Chesters.
The Inhabitants tell you there was also a
Brazen Trumpet
or
Pipe,
(whereof they now and then find Pieces) so artificially laid in the Wall between each
Castle
and Tower, that upon the Apprehension of Danger at any single Place, by the sounding of it, Notice might be given to the next, then to the Third, and so on.
THESE are all the Walls of the
Romans;
and that three of them went through this Town is something more than probable. For
Severus
's Wall was in the Place of
Hadrian
's, and the last Wall mentioned, in the Place of
Severus
's, and that last Wall went through this Town. Mr.
Camden
is so sure of this, that he declares,
'Tis most certain that the Rampier, and afterward the Wall passed through this Town; and that at
Pandon-Gate
there still remains, as 'tis Thought, one of the little
Turrets
of that very Wall.
There is indeed to this very Day a Part of that
Turret
in being, above
Pandon-Gate,
which, as the same Authority justly observed, is different from the Rest both in Fashon and Masonry, and undoubtedly carrys along with it a very great Age.
NEAR this
Turret
is the
Wall-Knoll,
a very ancient Place, which our Historian
Grey
says positively,
Was a Part of the Picts-Wall;
and indeed the very Name of it speaks as much. For the Word
Wall
upon the
Knoll,
which signifies an
Hill
or
Eminence,
cannot be understood of any other than the
Roman-Wall;
Because it had this Name from very ancient Times, long before the Building of the
Town-Wall,
to which it almost adjoins.
A little above this Place is a
Tower,
commonly call'd the
Vide
Wall-knoll Tower.
Carpenters-Tower.
This was one of the
Roman-Towers,
as was very Visible, before the taking down of the Upper-part of it.
Lib. de rebus Novocast'.
For it was of the same Size, Model, and Stone with the Tower of
This Village is now in the Possession of
John Rogers,
Esq
of
Newcastle,
who has turned the inner Part of the Tower into Modern Rooms, but left the Walls of it still intire.
Rutchester
in
Northumberland,
which was undoubtedly one of the
Roman Towers,
by the
Picts-Wall.
IT must also not be omitted, that there is an ancient Tradition among the Inhabitants of this Town, that the
Roman-Wall
went through the
West-Gate,
and the
Vicar's Garden,
along that Ground where St.
Nicholas-Church
now stands, along
Nether-Dean-Bridge,
by the
Wall-Knoll, Sally-Port,
and so on to
Walls-End.
NOW to these Reasons and Authorities let us add what
Hollins. Descrip. of
Brit. p. 128.
Hollinshead
says, where he gives an Account of the Course of the
Roman-Wall.
It begins he says at
Bolness upon Burgh,
and so he brings it from Place to Place, 'till he brings it to
Rutchester,
then to
Heddon,
then to
Wallbottle,
then to
A small Village about
3
Miles
West
from
Newcastle,
belonging to
John Rogers,
Esq
Denton,
and to
Newcastle,
where it is thought St.
Nicholas Church standeth
on the same.
TO this I shall add the Authority of a Manuscript, I am obliged to a very worthy
John-Milbank,
Esq
Gentleman for;
Hadrian
built a Wall of Turff or Sods, from the Sea-Side beyond
Carlisle
unto
Tinmouth.
It was demolished after he was gone, and after him
Severus
built near the same a Wall of Stone, and made Towers and Watching Places at every Miles End, and a Passage all along by the Help of an
Horn,
or such an Instrument, that they might speak through the Wall, and tell where the Enemy was. This ended at the River of
Tyne
near
Walls-End.
This Authority goes on, I my self have seen it at
Thirlwall,
and it cometh by
Portgate,
near
Stanchebank,
by
Halton,
near the
Long-Lane,
where both the
Walls
are Apparent; as also at
Denton,
over
Bonwell-Hill,
down to the
Westgate.
And he also adds, you may see it down the Hill by Mr.
This House was in
Pilgrim-street
on the West-side, a little before you come to
Silver-street.
Leonard Carr
's House, and over
Walker-Moor
to
It has been a Vulgar Error in many, who from the Name
Wallsend,
have imagined that the Wall did actually end at that Village; but it could never have been so, because that Place is half a Mile from the River Side. It is therefore not presumable that the
Romans
would have begun or ended the Wall but at the Side of the said River, seeing all to the Eastward of this Place, the River was the Continuation of the
Praetentura
or Fence, from hindring the northerly Incursions. The first Track is half a Mile South from
Wallsend,
near
Cousins
's House, beginning a little to the East of it, at the Side of the River
Tyne;
and here certainly the 1st Station of
Segedunum
was originally placed. For
162
Paces a saint Track of the Wall appears running North twelve Degrees and a half Westerly; then forms an Angle, Pointing south westerly for
135
Paces to the abovemention'd Mansion of
Cousins
's House. About
131
Paces West of this, the
Fossa
begins to appear pretty distinct, measuring about
20
Foot in Breadth, and a little beyond it, is the Foundation of the Stone Wall, from hence it passes by a few Houses called the Bee-Houses, next through a small Village called
Walker:
Here the
Fosta
is
40
Foot broad, beyond which the Foundation of the
Stone-Wall
appears plain, then it ascends the
Byker-Hill,
runing betwixt the Village of
Byker
and the Windmill, thence going down the Hill, passes through the
Euesburn,
crossing the Rivulet there; then I found it ascend the high Ground to the Westward of it, passing by the Mansion House and through the Garden to the
Red-Barnes;
from thence it is visible through the Fields, going Streight to the
Sally-Port Gate
of
Newcastle. Gordon. Itiner. Septent. p. 70.
— This Place where the End of the
Wall
is, belongs to Mr.
Henry Waters
of
Newcastle.
Walls-End.
THUS I think it very clear that these
Roman-Walls
went through this Town. Let us now see what this Town was in these ancient Times.
p. 779
Mr.
Cambden
gives his Opinion thus:
Gateside
is commonly believed to be of greater Antiquity than
Newcastle
it self. And if I should say further, that this and
Newcastle
(for they seem formerly to have been only one Town parted by the River) were that Frontier-Garrison, which in the Times of the later Emperors was called
Gabrosentum,
and defended by the
second Cohort of
the
Thraces;
and that it retained it's old Name in a due Sense and Signification, notwithstanding
this Newcastle
has changed it's Name once or twice, I hope it will be no ways inconsistent with Truth. For
Gaffr
is used by the
Britains
for a
Goat,
and
Hen,
in Composition for
Pen,
which signifies an
Head:
And in this very Sense and Meaning it is plainly called
Caprae Caput,
or
Goats-Head
by our old Latin Historians.
THUS far this learned Antiquary. But notwithstanding this his Judgment, and that no tollerable Reason can be brought against the two Places having been but one; yet some will still have it, that
Gateside,
exclusive of
Newcastle,
is the ancient
Gabrosentum,
because of it's Name. For my Part I cannot help being of Mr.
Cambden
's Opinion, and for this, among other Reasons; that if the Name of
Caprae Caput
discovers the
Gabrosentum,
then it is more probable that the principal Part of it lay on the North-side of the River than on the South: Because
Gabrosentum
was one of these
Frontier Garrisons,
which lay
ad Lineam Valli,
within the very Range of the Wall. For all these Garrisons
ad Lineam Valli,
were placed on the same Side of the River with the Wall it self, consequently
Gateside
could but at most have been a Part of
Gabrosentum,
and the meanest Part of it too; a Sort of Suburbs to it, as it actually was to this Town of
Newcastle,
in the Reign of
Edward the Sixth,
as shall be shown hereafter.
BUT if this is not allowed, (and yet it must be allowed, if
Gateside
has it's Name from the
Gabrosentum
) yet most certainly it was a
Vide Chap.
of the upper Parts of the Town.
garrison'd Fort
in these very Times. For still there is the Remains of a
Roman Turret,
and the under Part of one of the
Roman
Towers to be seen, and the Name of
Pandon
is no small Corroboration of the Truth of it, as may be seen in our Account of that Place.
THUS I think whatever is boasted of the Antiquity of
Gateside,
it plainly appears, that if
Caprae Caput,
or
Gateside
Points out the ancient
Gabrosentum, Newcastle
must be her elder Sister; forasmuch as a Town must be earlier than it's Suburbs. And if it does not
Newcastle
is by Mr.
Cambden
called the old
Gabrocentum
where the 2d Cohort of the
Thracians
lay; but according to the Course of the Forts in the
Notitia Imperii, Gabrocentum
is the seventeenth Station on the Wall; if therefore we follow the
Noticia
strictly,
Newcastle
would rather seem to be the
Pons-Aelii,
the 2d Station on the Wall, where the
Cohort
of the
Cornovii
lay. In this I have the concurring Opinion of the learned and judicious Antiquary Dr.
Hunter
of
Durham. Gord. Itin. Septent. pag.
71. The ancient
Orrhea,
mentioned by
Ptolomy
has been thought by some to have been the Original of this Town, but for what Reason I know not.
Point it out, it will then be a certain Conclusion, that there is an indisputable Account of
this Town
in these very Times of the
Romans,
which was some Hundreds of Years before
Caprae Caput,
or
Gateside
is mentioned by the most early of our Latin Historians.
CHAP. II.
Of this TOWN, after the Time of the
ROMANS.
A FTER the Departure of the
Romans,
it seems to have changed it's Name, as I shall shew immediately; and probably by the latter Part of it's after Name
Monkchester,
it was a Place of Defence, or
Garrison'd Fort,
during the Times of the
Saxons
and
Danes.
This Name of
Monkchester
it retained 'till after the Conquest. Thus we are told from
Simeon Dunelmensis,
a Monk of the Church of
Durham,
that
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
was anciently called
Monkchester, civitas Monachorum,
or the Town of the Monks, not because it belong'd to the Monks, but because the Monks of those Parts dwelt there.
Ex Collect. Mr.
J. Douglas.
SOME, are of Opinion, that
Newcastle
got it's Name of
Monkchester,
because the Monks in Time of Danger came for Protection to it, and not from their inhabiting it. This is quite contrary to the Authority above-mentioned, and all others that I have met with. Mr.
Eachard
in his History of
England
says, that
Monkchester
was so called from certain Monks who
lived there
in great Austerity and Retirement; and the
Monasticon
gives us the following Account. In the Year 1074, there was a certain Man in the Province of the
Mercians,
a Presbyter and Prior of the Monastery of
Winchelescumbe,
who was a Monk, whose Name was
Aldwin:
This Man preferr'd a voluntary Poverty and Contempt of the World to all it's Honours and Riches; and having learned from the History of the
Northumbers,
that that Land was formerly famous for Multitudes of Monks and religious Men, who tho' in the Flesh, lived not according to the Flesh, but whilst they were on Earth, had their Conversation in Heaven: He desired greatly to visit the Monasteries of these Places, (tho' He knew they were forsaken and left desolate) and there to lead a poor Life in Imitation of them. Coming therefore as far as the Monastery of
Evesham,
he made known his Purpose to certain of the Brethren; upon which, two of them associated with him; one of them was named
Elfwie,
who was a Deacon, and after that a Priest; The other's Name was
Renifrid;
he was ignorant of Letters. These the
Abbot
gave leave to accompany him, but not 'till he had set
Aldwin
over them, and committed to him the Care of their Souls. After this, they set forward on their Journey a Foot, having an Ass to carry their Books, Necessaries, and their Sacerdotal Vestments, to celebrate divine Service in. At length they came to
York,
desiring of
Hugh,
the Son of
Baldrick,
who was then Sheriff,
Ut eis ducem itineris inveniret usque locum qui Monkcester, i. e. Monachorum civitas appellatur, nunc Novum-Castellum nominatur. Quo per ductum venientes, ad tempus ibidem sunt morati, ubi nullum antiquum Sanctorum Christi reperirunt Vestigium.
Dugd. Mon. Tom.
1.
p.
41.
that he would procure them a Guide to
Monkchester,
that is, the City of the Monks, which is now called
Newcastle,
whither being brought by their Guide, they staid a-while, but found not any Remains of it's former Sanctity, no Footsteps of the Religious People who had formerly
dwelt there. Walcher
Bishop of
Durham
hearing of this, sent for them, and gave them the Monastery of
Jarray,
which at that Time was unroof'd, and had scarce any Thing remaining of it's ancient Grandeur.
AND now how long it had been in this desolate Condition we may gather from
Mag. Brit. Nov. & Antiq. ex
Holbius.
Hollingshead.
By the Invasion of the
Danes,
says he, the Churches and Monasteries throughout
Northumberland
were so waisted and ruined, that a Man could scarcely find a Church standing at this Time in all that Country; and as for those that remained, they were all covered with Broom or Thatch: And as for any
Abby
or
Monastery
there was not one left in all the Country; neither did any Man, for the Space of
Two hundred Years,
take Care for the repairing or building up of any Thing in Decay; so that the People of this County knew not what a Monk meant. And if they saw any, they wondered at the Strangeness of the Sight. One Place there was in this County, famous for being the Habitation of Monks, from whence it was called
Monkchester,
but that also was so ruinated and destroy'd, that when the Monks of
Mercia
(the Monks mentioned before) came to it, they found no Token or Remnant of any Religions Persons who had had an Habitation there; all was defaced and gone.
NOW with respect to
Monkchester
this seems to be punctually true. For as
Hollingshead
observes that it was about 200 Years from the Ruin of the Monasteries to this Time after the Conquest
Anno 1074
; so it must be taken Notice of, that the
Danes,
in the Year
Hollin.
875, which was the 4th of the Reign of King
Alured,
divided themselves. So that King
Haldon
with one Part thereof went into
Northumberland,
and lay in the Winter Season near
He sat down with his Men at
Tamesmouth,
which is between
Gateside
and
Whickham. Sim. Dunel'.
to the River of
Tyne,
where he divided the Country amongst his Men, and remained there for the Space of two Years, and oftentimes fetched thither Booties and Preys out of the Country of the
Scots
and
Picts.
IT appears then from this, that the Monasteries of
Monkchester
had been in Ruins about 200 Years, that is to say, from the Year 875 to the Year 1074, the Time of the Coming of the
Mercian
Monk.
LET us now see if we can form any probable Conjecture when it was first inhabited by
Monks,
and got the Name of
Monkchester.
And this I imagine happen'd towards the later End of the 7th Century. For in the Year 635, the Monastical Life was brought in among the
Northumbers
by
Aidan,
who was that Year made Bishop of
Northumberland,
and had his Seat at
Lindisfern
is a small Island on the Northern Shore of
England,
made only by swelling Tides, for at Ebb it is joined to the main Land of
England,
by a Ridge of sandy Earth. It is, as we are inform'd called the
Holy-Island,
from it's first Bishop living in an Holy Society with his Clergy. He dy'd
Aug. 31
st,
Anno 651
and was buried in the Church of
Lindisfern.
He was succeeded by
Finan
a Monk of the Monastery of
Hy,
who died
Feb. 12,
in the Year
601. Coleman
succeeded him, and was Bishop about
3
Years. But being worsted in the Controversy about the keeping of
Easter,
he gave up his Bishoprick, and left
Lindisfern. Tuda
succeeded him, and dy'd the same Year he was made. After this the See was vacant fourteen Years, and then fill'd up by
Eata
in the Year
678,
who continued 'till the Year
685,
being then chosen to the See of
Hagustald.
He was succeeded by St.
Cuthbert,
who was consecrated at
York
by
Theodore,
Archbishop of
Canterbury
upon
Easter-Day,
which happened
March 26.
The Archbishop was assisted by seven other Bishops, and King
Egfrid,
and many of his Nobles were present. When he had been Bishop about two Years, he gave up his Charge, and foreseeing his Death approaching he resigned his Bishoprick, and retired to his former Solitude, the Island of
Fern,
where he died in two Months Time, viz.
March
the 20th
687,
and was buried at
Lindisfern. Eadbert
was chosen after him, he governed the See about ten Years, and dy'd in the Year
697. Eadfrith
or
Egfrith
succeeded him, who is said to have wrote a very fine Book with his own Hand, containing the Gospels in Latin, which
Ethelwold,
his Successor, adorned with Gilding and Jewels,
Bilfrid
the Anchorite painted, and
Aldred
the Priest enlarged, with an interlineary Version in the Saxon Tongue: My Authority says further, that this very Book is still preserved in the
Cotton-Library.
— This famous Library had the Misfortune this last Year
1731
to be set on Fire, and part of it, and its Manuscripts were burnt, but we hope this valuable Piece of Antiquity has escape.
This Bishop died
Anno 721,
and was succeeded by
Ethelwold,
after the See had been vacant near three Years. He died in the Year
740. Keneuif,
or
Kenulf
succeeded him the same Year, who died in the Year
783. Henulf
was succeeded by
Higbaldus,
who died
May
the twenty fifth,
803. Ecgbert
succeeded him, who was consecrated by
Eanbald,
Archbishop of
York, Eanbert
Bishop of
Hagustald,
and
Baldulf,
Bishop of
Whithern,
at
Bigwell, June
11th
803.
He died
Anno 821. Heathured
succeeded him, and died
Anno 830. Ecgredus
was his Successor, who dy'd in the Year
845.
He was succeeded by
Eanbert,
who died in the Year
854. Eardulph
succeeded him. This Bishop left
Lindisfern
in the Year
875,
on Account of the Invasion of the
Danes,
and wandered up and down for some Years. At length he and his Company fix'd at
Cunacestre
(now called
Chester in the Street
) which is a Village about seven Miles distant from
Newcastle,
Southward. This was in the Year
883,
and there the See continu'd
113
Years. This Bishop died in the Year
900.
He was the first of the Bishops of
Lindisfern
that exercised Episcopal Authority over the See of
Hexam;
which he did in the first Year that he settled at
Chester:
The See of
Hexam
continued 'till the Reign of King
Henry
the first, under the Jurisdiction of the Bishops of
Lindisfern.
Eardulph
was succeeded by
Cutheard,
who died in the Year
915. Tilred
succeeded him, and died in the Year
928. Tilred
was succeeded by
Wigred,
who died in the Year
944. Wigred
was succeeded by
Uhtred,
who sat above
3
Years.
Senhelm
succeeded him; who seems to have been removed from his Bishoprick in the year
957.
He was succeeded by
Aldred,
who died in the year
968. Aldred
was succeeded by
Elffig,
who is also call'd
Ellfinus,
who died in the year
990. Aldwin
succeeded him, and in the year
995
was obliged to remove the Body of St.
Cuthbert,
and the Clergy that were with him, from
Chester
to
Rippon,
because of the
Danes;
But Things becoming peaceable again, they left that Place about four Months after their coming thither. In their Return, they passed through
Durham,
which at this Time was a Place wild and not habitable, being all a Wood, full of thick Bushes and Trees, saving only a little Plain upon the Top of the Hill, which was wont to be sowed, and is the very Place where now the
Church
standeth,) and were mightily taken with the Situation of it. Here
Aldwinus
first deposited the Body of St.
Cuthbert,
and resolved to make this Place his Episcopal Seat. Having therefore grubb'd up the Wood, he began to build a Church of Stone,
Mag. Britt. p. 742. ex Godwin.
and Houses about it for his Company. The
Governour
of
Northumberland,
then named
Uthred,
and the People from the River
Coqued
to the
Tees,
came in so readily to his Assistance, and continued their Help so long, that the Wood was soon grubbed up and the Church and Houses finished, insomuch that
Aldwin
dedicated the Church in the 3d year after he began the Work, upon
Sept.
the 4th. This was the Beginning of the Church and City of
Durham
or
Dunhelm
more properly, which takes it Name from
Dun,
which signifies a Mountain, and
Holm
a River-Island in the
Saxon
Language, because the River
Were,
with it's circling Stream, washes the Hill on which it stands on all Sides, so that it makes it almost an Island. —
Aldwin
died in the year
1017,
and was succeeded by
Eadmund,
who was elected the year
1020,
after the See had been vacant about
3
years, he died
Anno 1040,
and was buried in the Church of
Durham. Eadred
succeeded him, but enjoyed that Honour no great while; for in
10
Months time he died, He was succeeded by
Egelric, Anno 1049,
who built a Church at
Chester
upon the Street, in Memory that the Bishops of
Lindisfern
had rested themselves there, together with the Body of St.
Cuthbert, 118
years, during the Time of the
Danish
Wars: He resign'd in the year
1056,
and was succeeded by
Egelwyn,
who died in the year
1071. Walter
or
Walcher
succeeded him, who was slain at
Gateside
(as a shewn in our Account of that Place)
May
14th,
1080.
After this the See was void for
6
Months; and then on the 9th of
November
was filled up by
William Kairlipho,
who died
Anno 1095.
This Man, as
Godwin
goes on, pulling down to the Ground the Church of
Durham,
which
Aldwinus
had first built, began to erect another far more magnificent, but lived not to finish it himself,
Malcolme,
King of
Scots,
and
Purgot
Prior of
Durham,
laid the
3
first Stones,
July 30,
or (as some deliver
Aug. 11.
)
1093.
This Bishop, after the See, had been vacant
3
years, and
4
Months, was succeeded by
Ranulf Flambard, Anno 1099,
who died
Sept.
, 1128. Geoffry Rufus
was his Successor, who died
May
the 6th,
1140.
After him succeeded,
William de Sancta Barbara,
who died
Nov. 14, 1153.
He was succeeded by
Hugh Pudsey.
Vid. in Regu. Reg. Au.
1195.
Lindisfern,
Hexam
is a Town about
16
Miles West of
Newcastle.
It was in the Times of the
Romans,
as
Cambden
says, the
Axelodinum,
where lay the
1st Cohort of the Spaniards.
It had among the
Saxons
the Name of
Hextoldesham,
from the Rivulet
Hextold,
which runs by it. In the year
Dugd. Vol. II. pag. 70.
674, Etheldreda,
Wife to King
Egfrid,
assign'd it for an Episcopal See to St.
Wilfrid,
who built here a Church, and dedicated it to St.
Andrew
the Apostle. The Order of it's Bishops is as follows; 1st
Eata,
who is also reckon'd the 3d or rather the 4th of that See, he was ordained Bishop of
Hexam
at
York,
by
Theodore,
Archbishop of
Canterbury, Anno 678,
and governed that See three years whilst he was Bishop of
Lindisfern.
In the year
681 Tumbert
the 2d Bishop was consecrated; but he was deposed the same year, St.
Cuthbert
was chosen into his Place; but being better pleased with the Situation of
Lindisfern;
Bishop
Eata,
in respect to him, left the See of
Lindisfern,
and became the 4th Bishop of
Hexam.
The 5th was St.
John
of
Beverly,
who was Bishop about the year
685,
He continued Bishop about one year, and was then translated to
York.
After the Translation of
John,
King
Alfrid
restored the Church of
Hexam
to
Wilfrid
the 6th Bishop, who died
Anno 709.
St.
Acca
succeeded him, who was the 7th Bishop, he was depriv'd in the year
733;
he died
Nov. 20, Anno 740,
and was buried, as is said, near the Consistory of the Church of
Hexam. Frithubertus
the 8th Bishop succeeded
Acca,
and came to the See
Anno 735;
he died
Anno 766. Alkmundus
the 9th Bishop succeeded him,
Anno 767,
and died
Sept.
the 7th,
781. Tilbert
the 10th was the next Bishop; he died
789,
and was buried in his own Church. To him succeeded
Ethelbert
the 11th Bishop; he died
October 16, 797,
and was buried in the Church of
Hexam. Heardred 12
succeeded him; who died in the year
800.
To him succeeded
Eanberth
13th Bishop; who died
Anno 806.
To him succeeded
Tidferth,
the 14th Bishop; who died about the year
821.
After this, the See of
Hexam,
because of the
Danish
Wars, lay neglected for above
63
years together. But at length it was united with
Lindisfern,
under
Eardulph,
the 15th Bishop of
Lindisfern.
This happened in the year
883.
Under this Jurisdiction it continued 'till the Reign of King
Henry
the 1st, when the Town of
Hexam
and the Church,
Anno 1113,
were taken from the Diocess of
Durham
and given to that of
York,
the King being highly displeased with
Ranulph
Bishop of
Durham.
Ex. Mag. Brit. p. 737.
This Church at the Time it was built, was supposed to exceed all the Churches on this Side the
Alps,
for it's
Pillars, Porches, and Allies leading round it;
afterwards in the Time of Bishop
Acca,
that Bishop superadded to the Buildings of his Church many Decorations and curious Works; he got from all Parts some Relicks of the
Apostles
and
Martyrs,
and erected several
Altars
in Reverence to them, and for that End made distinct
Porches
in the Walls of the Church. He also with great Diligence and no small Charge, gathered the Histories of of their Sufferings, with many Volumes of Ecclesiastical Writers, and of them he made a very large Library. He also provided several sacred Utensils, as
Flaggons, Cups, Pattens, Candlesticks,
and other Vessels of the like Nature, which belong to the Service of God. He also brought a
famous Chorister
who had been taught to sing in the Church of
Canterbury,
whose Name was
Maban,
to instruct those of his Church of
Hexam. Mag. Brit. ex Bed. lib. 5. c. 21.
He is also said to have gilded the Walls with Gold and Silver, and covered the Altars with Purple and Silk.
That Part of this Church which is now standing (for the West End of it, is intirely demolished) is still grand and noble, and speaks what it was in ancient Days. About
3
years ago it was repair'd by Contribution, no small Part of which was raised in the Town of
Newcastle.
— This Church was honoured with the Sepulchre of the good King
Alfwold,
who was murder'd by
Sigga,
(a certain Nobleman) at
Silcester,
Some Remains of which Place are yet to be seen on the West Side of the North
Tyne,
in the Grounds belonging to
Walwick Grainge,
between that Place, and the
Roman
Wall.
Rich.
and lies buried under the Arch, at the South End of the North East Isle; a Monument is erected since the Foundation, in Honour of that Prince.
Rich. p. 61.
Stav. p. 173. ex Richard. Pri. Hagulst. de Stat. Eccl.
Stavely
in his History of Churches gives us the following Account. That Privilege which I read to have been granted unto the Church of the once eminent Monastery of
Hagulstad
is very remarkable: That is, there were
4 Crosses
set up at a certain Distance from the Church, in the four Ways leading thereto. Now if any Malefactor flying for Refuge to that Church, was taken or Apprehended within the
Crosses,
the Party that took or laid hold on him there, did forfeit
Two hundredh; (in Hundredh viii. Librae continentur)
If he took him within the Town, then he forfeited
Four Hundredh;
if within the Walls of the Church Yard, then
Six Hundredh;
if within the Church, then
Twelve Hundredh;
if within the Doors of the Quire, then
Eighteen Hundredh;
besides Penance, as in case of Sacriledge; but if he presum'd to take him out of the
Stone Chair
near the Altar, called
Fridstol,
or from amongst the Holy Relicks behind the
Altar,
the Offence was not redeemable with any Sum; but was then become
sine emendatione Botolos
(i. e.
Bootles,
vid. Gloss.
W. Somner
) and nothing but the utmost severity of the offended Church was to be expected, by a dreadful Excommunication, beside what the secular Power would impose, for the presumptuous Misdemeanour.
The Canons
Dug. Mon. Vol. II. p. 91.
Regular of this Church, which were appointed by
Thomas
the 2d, Archbishop of
York
about the year
1109,
continued 'till they were displaced by King
Henry
the 8th,
Anno 1539.
when the Revenues of the Monastery was valued at
122 l. 11 s. 1 d.
It was of the
Augustine
Order. Several Rents were paid to it out of the Town of
Newcastle.
— It is still very stately and magnificent, and by far exceeding any Thing in that Town. It is now inhabited by Sir
Edward Blacket,
Bart. but is the Property of
Walter Blacket,
Esq
Among the eminent Persons of this Place, I meet with two in particular.
Stephen. addit. Vol. 1. p. 203.
The 1st is
John
of
Hexam
born in that Place, and first Monk, then Prior of the Monastery there. He was a Man, grave, modest, meek, courteous, assable, yet severe and rigid in punishing the Faults of those under his Charge; learned and eloquent, and a diligent Searcher of History and Antiquities, and tho' he taught Philosophy and Divinity publickly in his Monastery, yet in private He, as much as Time would permit, read Historians, and particularly venerable
Bede.
He made an Addition of
25
Years to the History of
Simeon
of
Durham,
beginning at the 9th Year of King
Henry
the 2d, and proceeding to the first of King
Richard,
calling it an History of
25
Years. He also writ of Signs and Comets: A Discription of the
Scottish
War: Sermons, and some other Things; and flourish'd in
1190.
The other is
Richard
of
Hexam,
first Monk, and then Prior of that Monastery, educated there in Monastical and School Learning, and in all Sorts of Piety; so diligently imitated his Master,
John,
Prior of that Place, that he succeeded him in that Employment, and in Teaching. When made Prior, he in all Things most exactly copy'd after his said Master; for tho' he in publick taught his Brethren Philosophy and Divinity; yet in private he read History, and accurately writ the Affairs of his Time, especially in
England,
by the Titles,
The Actions of King Stephen; The Actions of King Henry the 3d, and proceeding to the 1st of King Richard; The War of the Standard; A short Chronicle from Adam to Henry the Emperor; Of the State and Bishops of the Church of Hexam.
He died and was buried in his Monastery, about the year
1192.
Hexam
was made a Bishoprick in the Year 678, and had
Eata
for its first Bishop; Churches and Monasteries were built in several Places, and Religion flourished in this whole Kingdom. This Account
Hollingshead
gives in the following Words: Great Numbers of Persons daily offered themselves to be baptized, insomuch that within the Space of 7 Days (as is left in Writing)
Aidan
christned 15 Thousand Persons, of the which no small Part forsaking the World, betook themselves to a Solitary kind of Life. Thus by continual Preaching the Gospel in that Country, it came to pass in the End, that the Faith was generally received of all the People; and such Zeal to advance the Christian Religion daily increased amongst them, that no where could be found greater. Hereupon were no small Number of Churches built in all Places abroad in those Parts by Procurement of King
Oswold,
all Men liberally consenting (according to the rated Substance) to be Contributors towards the Charges. By this Means the Kingdom of the
Northumbers
flourish'd, as well in Fame of Increase of Religion, as also in civil Policy and prudent Ordinances.
When now it is considered that the Business of Religion went on so Briskly throughout the whole Kingdom of the
Northumbers;
it is rational to suppose that this Place, as it was not only convenient for the monastical Life as to Retirement, but also a Security to it too, (being at that Time a garrison'd Fort) was certainly as early inhabited by the Monks as the abovementioned Time; and besides if we consider the Veneration it is mention'd with by many Historians for the severe rigid Lives of it's Monks; how it was the most eminent Place in the North, for the monastical Life, so very famous on that account, as to change it's former Name to that of
Monkchester:
There can scarce be allowed it a later Time to arrive at such a Pitch of Eminency and Glory. Before the Name of
Monkchester,
I imagine, from it's being a Place of Fortification, that it had the Name of
Chester,
as
Weremuth
was the original Name of that Place, but was afterwards called
Monkweremuth,
from the Monks inhabiting there. It seems all along to have been a Place of Defence and Fortification. It was the Ancient
Gabrosentum,
according to Mr.
Cambden;
or as others more justly imagine the
Pons Aelii
of the
Romans;
was a garrison'd Fort, 'till inhabited by the Monks; and was such from the Time of the Monks 'till the Conquest.
THE Name of
Monkchester
continued 'till the Building of the Castle, and after that, from the Building of it, it got the Name of
New-castle:
The Occasion of which was this.
Malcolme
King of
Scotland
having entred with his Army into the Confines of
England,
came with it into
Northumberland,
and waisted and plundered the whole Country as far as the River
Tyne;
the Conqueror being all the while in
Normandy,
and also his Son
Robert Curtois.
But no sooner were the King and his Son come into
England,
than
Robert
was sent with an Army against
Malcolme
to drive him out of the Country. The
Scots
being appriz'd of this, retir'd into their own Country, and
Robert
with his Army encamp'd upon the Banks of the
Tyne,
where he built the
Castle
to defend these Northern Parts from the Incursions of the
Scots,
for the
Mag. Brit. p. 608. Poly. virg. &c.
Future. The Chronicle of
Mailros
says, that the Conqueror sent his Son
Robert
into
Scotland,
against
Malcolme,
in the Year 1080, who, having done nothing, upon his return, built the
New-castle.
From hence it is easy to conclude, that the Castle was founded the same Year, towards the latter End of it. For
Dugdale
tells us in his
Monasticon,
that
Anno Domini MLXXX Rex Willielmus Autumnali Tempore Robertum Fillium suum contra Malcomum misit; sed cum pervenisset ad Egglesbreth, nullo consecto negotio, reversus Castellum Novum super flumen Tynae condidit.
Dug. Mon. Tom.
1.
p.
42.
King
William
in the Year 1080, about the Time of Autumn, sent his Son
Robert
into
Scotland
against
Malcolme.
But having got as far as
Egglesbreth,
he returned (having done no Exploit) and built the
New-castle
upon the River
Tyne.
THUS the Town lost it's Name of
Monkchester
for that of
Newcastle,
which it retains to this Day. But however by the building of the Castle it lost nothing else; for the Building of the said Castle did not destroy or take away the Right or Interest which the Towns-men had before; but that still remained as before.
AFTER this the Town grew more populous, and increas'd in Trade and Wealth; had great Privileges granted them by the Kings, built Churches, Monasteries, Walls, Bridges,
&c.
as shall be seen in the following Treatise.
CHAP. III.
Of the
WALLS
of this TOWN.
N EW CASTLE
is seated on the Northern Bank of the River
Tyne;
and is bounded on the East by the Land of
Byker;
on the West by the Lands belonging formerly to the
Prior of Tinemouth;
on the North by the Lands of
Kenton,
and
Coxlodge,
and on the South by the County of
Durham.
IT is surrounded with a
Stone-Wall,
which at the Time it was built, and for many Ages after, was undoubtedly of very great Strength. This has several Gates belonging to it,
Round Towers,
and
Square Turrets,
which shall by and by be considered. On the Out-side of it is a Ditch or Trench, and on the Inside it is ramper'd with Earth.
Grey.
THE Cause of Building this great Wall was the often Invasion of the
Scots
into this Place and Country; they continually infested it and the rich Monasteries in these Northern Parts; the religious Houses of this Town, and the adiacent Places being above Forty.
SOME are of Opinion, that the Walls were begun in the Reign of
King Henry the Third.
But the Author just now mentioned, imagines Them to have been earlier. King
John,
he says, gave great Priviledges to this Town, and probably the
New-gate,
and Walls thereabout, were built in his Time; the North Part of the Wall being the oldest, and of another Fashion than the other Walls.
IN the Reign of King
Henry
the 3d, the same Author says, the West part of the Wall was built; but I am rather inclined to believe, that that Part of the Wall was not built 'till the Reign of
Edward the 1st.
The Wall from the Time it was begun, went on but slowly 'till this Reign, when an Accident hapned, which revived the former Fears of the Towns-Men, and put them in Mind of the neglected Wall, which, 'till that Time had got no farther than
Ever-Tower,
as appears by the old Part of the Wall, ending thereabouts. The Accident was this,
Cambden.
in the Reign of
Edward
the 1st, a very
rich Burgher
being carried off a Prisoner by the
Scots,
out of the Middle of the Town, first paid a round Ransom himself, and afterwards began the 1st Fortifications of the Place.
IT is true, that this Accident was the Occasion of carrying on the Wall; but Mr.
Cambden
is mistaken in saying it occasioned the Beginning of it. For it was begun some Years before the Reign of
Edward the 1st.
For from
Newgate
to the
Ever-Tower
as has just now been observed, is a Work older, and vastly different from what the Wall is from
Ever-Tower
towards the
West-gate.
This Wall, leading to the
West-gate,
was it which was begun in the Reign of
Edward
the 1st, for in this Reign it was, (when Leave was granted to the preaching Friers to break out that
Little Gate
which now leads into the
Wardens-Close,
then their Garden, that this Wall was called the
Vid. Durham-Tower
and
Black-Friers.
New-Wall;
and surely a New-Wall, will imply that there was an Old one before, was the thing itself not still a Matter of Fact as it really is to any Observer.
HOW long the Walls were a Building, or who they were in particular that contributed towards the Building of them, is a Matter pretty much in the Dark. However, 'tis
Gardiner, chap. 4.
This Author, whose Name was
Ralph Gardiner,
liv'd at
Chirton,
a Village East of
Newcastle,
near the Town of
Shields,
which Village is now in the Possession of
Robt Lawson
and
Edward Collingwood.
Esqrs. He was a bitter Enemy to this Town, and did all the Mischief to it that lay in his Power, as appears in every Page of his Book. In which are Numbers of Falsities.
supposed, that King
Edward the 1st,
was a Contributor to them. The Names of some of the Round-Towers also give us some Light, which to this Day do seemingly bear the Names of their ancient Founders, which may in some Measure occasion a Guess at the Time of their Building.
THE Town, after the compleating of the Walls, was divided into 24
Wards,
according to the Number of the Gates, and round Towers in the Wall, which Towers and Gates were wont be defended in Times of Hostility with the
Scots,
by the particular Wards appropriated to them.
THE 1st Gate I shall begin with is the
Close-gate,
which is so called, because it stands in a narrow Street called the Close, it had in Ward, from the
Close-gate
upon the
South-rawe,
so going Eastward unto the
Javil-grippe,
but nothing of
Javil-grippe,
then going Westward upon the North unto the
Close-gate.
FROM the
Close-gate
there are Stairs leading up to a
Round-Tower
called the
White-Fryer-Tower.
This Tower had in Ward, from the East-end of
Bailiff-gate,
opposite to the
Javil-grippe,
with all that dwell upon the
High-Stairs
in the
Close,
unto and with the West-side of these
Stairs
that lead unto the
South-Postern
of the
Castle,
with all
Javil-grippe
Eastward, and from the
Javil-grippe
to the South-rawe of the Close, and with all the
Bridge-End.
THIS Tower, with the Wall leading to the
little Gate,
(commonly called the
Postern-gate,
but originally the Gate of the
White-Fryers,
or
White-Fryer-gate
) were together with the Gate itself, probably built by the
White-Fryers;
for the
White-Fryers
were situated in the South-west-end of the Street of
West-gate,
in the same Grounds were are now the Houses of Mr.
Anderson, George Grey,
Esq
and others. And as it is reasonable to believe, that whatever
Religious House,
or
Nobleman,
built a Tower or Piece of the Wall, that it would be built chiefly for their own Security; so the Buildings now mentioned, being so situated as I have just now observed, are a Proof that the
White-Fryers
were the Founders. And if it be considered that the
White-Fryers
were
See
White-Fryers.
founded by King
Edward
the 1st, in whose Reign the above-mentioned Accident happened, which occasioned a fresh Beginning of Building of the Wall; it will appear still more probable, that these
Fryers
were the Builders. It may indeed be said, that as they were sounded in this Reign, it can't be imagin'd they had sufficient Riches for such an Undertaking. This is readily granted, but when it is considered, that these
Fryers
were newly founded by King
Edward
the 1st, that they were the first of that Order that had been in this Place, that they were
Carmelites,
or originally coming from Mount
Carmel
in
Syria,
and that the Prayers of all Monasteries were thought more particularly available for the Souls in Purgatory; it will follow I think rationally, that they were more able
then
to do such a Thing by getting the Contributions of others, than they could have been of themselves 200 Years after. The Name given to these Walls is also another Argument; it is more probable, that the
White-Fryer-Tower,
the
Wall
and
Gate
now mentioned, were so called, (as other Towers were) from their Founders, than from their bare Situation. For the Walls behind the
Black-Fryers
are not called after their Name, because they were not built by them, but by King
Edward
the 1st, as shall be shewn below.
THIS Tower is now the
Meeting-House
or
Hall
of the Company of Masons.
GREY
in mentioning the Ports or Gates of
Newcastle,
says, there were besides
These, Postern-Gates
belonging to the
Religious Houses;
I have met with no more than three, and this
White-Friers-gate
is undoubtedly one of them. It seems to be much of the same Kind with that which leads into the
Warden's-Close.
It has been an Out-let to the Fryers, that they might walk to the
Forth
and the
neighbouring Fields;
and that it might be of Use and Service to the
Castle,
in Times of Hostility with the
Scots.
I imagine it was out at this Gate, that the
Townsmen
made that famous Sally, mention'd by
Grey,
who says, that in the Reign of
Edward
the 3d,
See a more perfect Account in the Year of the Mayors,
1342.
Three hundred valiant Men issued out of the Town through a
Postern-gate,
and came suddenly in the Night upon a great Army of the
Scots,
which lay in the West Part of the Town, and raised the Army, put them to flight, and took Earl
Murray
Prisoner in his Tent, and others.
THE next Round Tower to
White-Fryer-gate
is
Denton-Tower,
or
Nevil-Tower,
which had in Ward all the
Hairy-Hugh,
on the South Side of the
White-Fryers,
with all the Houses standing there, upon the
Burn-bank,
betwixt the
Fryer-Kirk,
and a Burne, unto the Stone Bridge in
Bailiff-gate,
with all
Bailiff-gate,
upward that same Rawe unto
Denton-Chare,
with
Denton-Chare.
WHY it was called
Denton-Tower,
I can give no Reason, unless it was from it's having in Ward the Lane called
Denton-Chare;
but it has the Name of
Nevil-Tower,
from the
Nevil
Family of
Raby
who built it, which Family was honoured with the Title of
Earl
in the Reign of
Richard
the 2d,
Ralph Nevil
Lord of
Raby,
being created
Earl
of
Westmoreland,
in the 21st of that Reign: His House in
West-gate,
called
Westmoreland-place,
which shall be considered when we treat of that Street, had this Tower built behind it for it's Security and Defence. The Tower is now the Hall of the
Wallers, Brick-layers
and
Plaisterers,
and was repair'd by them
Anno Dom'
1711,
Richard Fletcher,
and
William Johnson,
Wardens.
THE next Round Tower is
West-spittle-Tower,
which had in Ward the
Side
upon the West Rawe under the Castle Moat, from the
Castle-gate,
so downward on that Rawe, to and with a great Waste belonging to
Laurentius Acton,
opposite to a Corner Shop of a Chauntery in St.
John
's
Kirk,
next the Pant; also from that Pant upwards upon the East-Rawe in the
Side,
with the
South Kirk-Style
of St.
Nicholas,
by the East-Side of St.
Nicholas.
THIS Tower has it's Name from St.
Mary the Virgin's Hospital,
which was otherwise called
West-spittle,
to which it almost adjoins; it must have been built by the Master and Brethren of that Hospital for the same Reasons that the other two Towers before-mentioned were built by their supposed Founders.
THE Tower next to this has the Name of
Stank-Tower.
It had in Ward all
Now called
Back-rawe.
Gallowgate;
opposite to the
Castle-Yates,
so going Northward, from the East-end of
Gallowgate,
upwards that same Rawe, unto the East-end of
Denton-Chare,
with the
Iron-market,
with all the Houses opposite to the
Iron-market,
down to St.
Nicholas Pant,
as their Doors open towards the
Iron-market,
or towards the Pant, or towards St.
Nicholas Kirk-Yard.
GUNNER-TOWER,
is the next; it had in Ward, from
All-Hallow-Pant,
beside
Cordiner,
so going downward the same Rawe towards
Cale-Cross,
and so going upwards by that
Flesher-Rawe,
unto
Painter-hugh
beside
Swin-burne-place,
unto a Place called
Pencher-place,
beyond
Painter-Heugh,
as it standeth beyond
Lorkburne.
BETWEEN this Tower, and one next to it, is a
Postern
which leads to the Forth. It was made
Anno
1705, when
Thomas Wass,
Esq
was Mayor,
Matthew Matfin,
Esq
Sheriff. There is also another Passage from it into
Westgate.
PINK-TOWER.
This Tower had in Ward in the
Close,
from the High-Stairs that lead from the
South Postern
of the
Castle
towards the Close, so going Eastward on that same Rawe, by the North-side of
Sandhill,
unto and with St.
Mary-lane,
with the Houses upon the Corner, called St.
Mary-Lands
in
All-hallow-kirk,
and so going upwards all the West-rawe in the Side, to a great Waste upon the
Castle-hugh,
sometimes call'd old
Laurentius Acton
's Waste, opposite to the Pant at
Lorkburne.
WEST-GATE,
is the next, which is the
High-way West
into the Counties of
Northumberland
and
Cumberland,
and is
Grey.
said to have been built by
Roger de Thornton,
in Memory that he came from the
West-country,
according to the old saying,
At the
West-gate
came
Thornton
in,
With a
Hap,
and a
Half-penny,
and a
Lamb-skin.
THIS Gate had in Ward from the Vennel that leads into
White-Fryer-Kirk,
so going upon the West Rawe of
Westgate,
unto the
Westyate,
with all that dwell without that Yate. Also from the West-end of
Denton Chare,
so going upward upon the East-Rawe of
Westgate
unto the
Westyate,
with all that dwell in St.
John
's
Kirk-yard,
and with all that dwell from the said Kirk unto the
West-gate.
It is now the
Hall
of the
House-Carpenters.
DURHAM-TOWER
is the next, and it had in Ward from St.
John
's
Chare
to going upward by
Urd-place,
upon the West-Rawe of
Beer-market,
unto the
Shod-Frier-Chare,
with all the
Shod-Frier Chare.
HEBER-TOWER
is the next; it had in Ward all the
Meal-market
from
Denton-Chare,
to
Pudding-Chare,
with all
Pudding-Chare
and St.
John
's
Chare.
THIS Tower is now the
Hall
of the
Armourers, Curriers
and
Felt-makers,
who were made one Fellowship in the 36th of
Henry
the 8th. They were ordered to associate themselves in the Feast of
Corpus Christi,
and go together in Procession, as other Mysteries, and sustain the Charges of the
Lights Pageant,
and
Place,
on the same Feast; according to old ancient Custom. And the Ordinance therein was to be devised by Their
Wardens
when the Hour was assigned, upon Pain to lose and forfeit one
Pound of Wax,
to be applied to the Use of the whole Fellowship of the said Occupations. The best Account I have met with of these kind of Plays, is of one that was play'd in the City of
Coventry.
Step. 1st V. p. 138.
Before the Suppression of Monasteries, the City of
Coventry
was very famous for the Pageants that were played therein upon
Corpus Christi
Day, which occasioning very great Confluence of People to it from far and near, was of no small Benefit thereto; which Pageants being acted with mighty State and Reverence by the
Franciscan-Fryers,
had Theatres for the several Scenes very large and high, placed upon Wheels, and drawn to all the eminent Parts of the City, for the better Advantage of Spectators: and contain'd the Story of the old and new Testament, compos'd into old English Rhimes, as appears by an ancient Manuscript, entitl'd
Ludus Corporis Christi,
or
Ludus Coventriae,
that is,
The Play of Corpus Christi,
or
The Play of Coventry. in Bibl. Cotton. sub Effigie Vesp. D.
8.
A Specimen of them is as follows;
NOW Gracyous God groundyd of all Goodness,
As thy grete Glorie nevyr begynnyng had;
So You succour and save all those that sytt and sese
And Lystenyth to our Talking with Sylens stille and sad
For we purpose no pertly Stylle in yis prefe,
The Pepyl to plese with Pleys full Glad.
Now Lystenyth us lonly both mar and lesle
Gentillys and ȝemanry off Goodly Liff Lad
Yis Tyde,
We xall ȝou shewe as that we can,
How this yis a Werd first began,
And how God made bothe Mold and Man,
If that ȝe will abyde.
IN the first Pagent we yeuke to play,
How God dede make Yowe his owyn Myth,
Hevyn so clar upon the first Day,
And therein he sett Angell full Bryth
Thou Angell with Song yis no nay,
Xall worchep God as it is ryth;
But Lucyfer, that Angel so gay
In such Pompe Yan is he Pyth.
And sett in so grete Pride
That Goddys sette te Gynnyth to take,
Hese Lordys per Hymself to make
But Yan be fallyth aftend full Blake
From Hevyn to Helle to a—bide,
&c.
A little beyond this Tower, opposite to the Monastery of the
Black-Friers
is a
little Gate
in the Wall, which I imagine to be one of those which
Grey
calls
Postern-Gates.
It leads into the
Warden
's-
Close,
and was made in the Reign of King
Edward
the 1st. The
Black Fryers
petition'd the King, he being then at
Durham,
that they might have a Passage though his
New Wall
into their Garden, which was accordingly granted. The original Grant is still in Being, with the King's Seal at it, in the Hands of Mr.
Joshua Douglas,
who obliged me with the following Copy of it.
EDWARDUS Dei gratia Rex Angliae Dominus Hiberniae Dux Aquitaniae Omnibus ad quos presentes Literae perveniunt salutem.
Sciatis quod de nostra Gratia speciali concessimus dilectis nobis Fratribus praedicatoribus de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam,
quod per medium
Novum Murum
circumagentem Villam praedictam, quem per medium Gardini Praedictorum Fratrum fieri opertebit, ut dicti facere possint quandam
strictam Portam
ad ingressum in Gardinum suum habend' Portam sust' sibi & successoribus suis tenere in perpetuum. Dum tamen Porta illa ad voluntatem nostram, Vicecomitis
Northumbriae
aut Constabuli nostri ibid' qui pro tempore fuerit, obstruatur. In cujus Rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri Patentes; Tests me ipso apud
Dunelm'
decimo octavo die
Septembris,
Anno Regni nostri Octavo.
MORDEN-TOWER
had in Ward both the East-Raw of
Spurrior-gate, Sadler-gate,
and over
Flesh-shambles,
from the North-West Kirk-Stile of St.
Nicholas
unto
Fish-shambles,
and the said Raws opened either to the
Cloth-market,
or the
Meal-market.
This Tower was granted to it's Companies
Anno
1619. The
Ordinary
was granted them 1536. In that it is order'd, that they shall go in Procession on
Corpus Christi
Day, and maintain the Play of the
Three Kings of
Colleign. In the Year 1700, this Tower was by the
Plumbers, Glaziers,
&c. made a beautiful Hall.
EVER-TOWER,
which is now the
Hall
of
Colliers
and
Carriage-Men,
with
Pavers,
had in Ward the
Shod-Frier-Yate,
so going up that Raw beside
White-cross
unto
Newgate,
with all the
Darnecrook,
and with all the
Gallow-gate
without
Newgate,
unto the
Barriers,
as Men go to the
Gallows.
ANDREW-TOWER,
so called, because it is almost contiguous to St.
Andrew
's Church, had in Ward from the Great
Nun-gate,
so upwards upon that East-Rawe, unto a Burn, beside
Lam-place
that runs to
Lorkburne,
with all the
Cockstale-Booths,
and with all the West-Rawe of
Sidgate
without
New-gate
from
Gallows-gate
unto the
Water-Mill
beside St.
James
's Kirk.
NEWGATE
had in Ward all
Ratten-Rawe,
as it opens towards the Pillory in
Cloth-market,
with them that dwell in the North of St.
Nicholas
upon that East-Rawe of the
Cloth-market,
unto the
Over-dean-bridge
end.
THIS Gate of all the others is not only the strongest, but also the most ancient. It is of the same Masonry and way of Building with that Part of the Wall which leads to
Westgate
Westward, as far as
Ever-Tower,
which is visibly the oldest Part of the Wall. From this Gate is a
Causey
that leadeth to the
Town-moor,
and towards the
North Parts
of
Northumberland
and
Scotland;
it is now, and has been many Years a Prison for Debtors and
Grey.
Fellons. The new Buildings on each Side of it were built, the one
Anno
1702,
William Ramsey,
Esq
Mayor,
William Boutflower,
Esq
Sheriff; the other
Anno
1706, Sir
Ralph Carr,
Mayor,
William Ellison,
Esq
Sheriff.
BERTRAM-MUMBOUCHER-TOWER.
From
Newgate
towards the East we pass to the Tower of
Bertram Mumboucher,
which was so called from
Bertram Mumboucher
the Founder of it,
Ex Fuller Wor.
who was
High-Sheriff
of the County of
Northumberland,
in the 49th of
Edward
the 3d, and in the 1st, 2d, and 3d of the Reign of
Richard
the 2d.
This Tower has to Ward all the West-end of
Over-dean-bridge
with the Shops between the
Fish-shambles
and the
Beer-market,
and from the same Bridge-end unto the Great
Nun-gate.
FICKET-TOWER
had in Ward from
Whelpington-barn,
beside the
Great Cross
standing within
Maudlin-Barras
without the
New-yate,
so coming upon the East-Rawe of
Sidgate,
without the
New-yate,
unto the
New-yate,
and also within the
New-yate,
and so going up the East-Rawe Southward unto a Burne beside
Lam-place,
that runneth towards
Lorkburn,
with all
Grey-Frier-Chare
from the
Barras
over against
Ficket-Tower,
and their North Kirk Door of the said
Fryery
West-ward, and no further Eastward in that Lane.
PILGRIM-STREET-GATE
had it's Name from the
Pilgrims
who were wont to lodge in that Street, and go out of that Gate when they came to visit the Shrine of the Virgin
Mary
at
Gesmunde;
to which Place with great Confluence and Devotion they came from all Parts of this Land in these Times of Superstition. It is now the Hall of the Company of
Joyners,
who repair'd it 1716,
Thomas French
and
Paul Cook
being Wardens. This Gate had in Ward without the same Gate beginning at the great waste Barn, call'd
Emeldon-barn,
opposite to the
Maudlins,
coming downward and inward upon that West-Rawe of
Pilgrim-street-yate,
within the
Yate,
and within the
Yate
unto
All-Hallow-Pant,
besides
Cordiner
's-
place
beside the
South-Kirk
Stile of
All-Hallow
's
Kirk,
with all
Painter-hugh,
and with all
Neither-dean-bridge,
and with all the North-end of
Upper-dean-bridge,
both Sides thereof from
Lorkburn
Eastward to
Pilgrim-street,
with
Pencher-rent,
and in
Grey-Fryer Lane
from
Ficket-Tower
Eastward.
THE Tower next to this Gate is that in the Corner of the
Carliol Croft,
now the Hall of the
Weavers
who repair'd it
Anno
1682. It got it's Name very probably from it's Founder: For the
Carlills
or
Carliols
were several of them Magistrates of
Newcastle:
and as this appears probable from the Name, so it is also equally probable that the Founder of this Tower had his House somewhere at the Head of
Pilgrimstreet,
nigh his own Tower, as
Nevel
's Tower was behind his House; and that the Field called vulgarly
Carling Croft,
had it's Name of
Carliol Croft,
being at that Time of Day the Property of this Founder. The last Mayor of this Town of that Name, before the Completion of the Walls, was
Nicholas de Carliol
in the 2d Year of
Edward
the 3d, so that this Tower could not be much later in Building, to say the least of it's Antiquity imaginable; but it is rather probable it was built a good while earlier. It has to Ward all the East Raw of
Pilgrim-street
within the Yate, and without the Yate, from and with the
Maudlins,
so coming inward upon the East-Raw, unto the
Austin-Chair.
CARLILL-CROFT-TOWER,
otherwise called
Plummer-Tower,
it has in Ward from the
Austin-Chare
in
Pilgrim-street,
upon that East-raw of
Pilgrim-street,
unto the
Kirk-Garth
of
All-Hallows,
with all
Temple-Gate,
otherwise called
All-Hallows-Gate,
beneath
All-Hallow Kirk,
unto a Burn called
Cogo,
with all
Cowgate
and other Places between
Cogo
and the
King
's
Wall
unto the
Stone-Brigg
over
Pandon-Burn,
also upon the
Sandhill
on the East Side of
Lorkburne,
beginning at the
Barber
's-
Shop
upon the
Corner,
in
Booth's-Rent,
over-against the
Mason-Dieu,
so going up that East-Side of
Lorkburne,
all that Rawe towards
Cale-Cross,
to and with the Corner called
Oliver-Rent,
and so upward, all that Corner unto the North-End of
Grindon-Chare.
AUSTIN-TOWER;
this Tower was built by the
Fryers
of
St. Augustine,
commonly called
Austine-Fryars,
and has its Name from them. It stands opposite to the Monastry that built it, as the
White-Fryer-Tower
and
Wall
does to that of the
White-Fryers,
and
West-Spittle-Tower
to that of St.
Mary the Virgin,
or the
West-Spittle.
It seems to have been built in the Reign of
Edward
the first.
IT has in
Ward
from the North-end of
Grindon-Chare,
so up that South-Raw of the Neither
All-Hallow
's-
Bank
unto
Galeway-Rent
with them that Dwell in
Brown-Chare, Grindon-Chare, Tud
's-
Chare, Norham-Chare, Philip
's-
Chare, Shipman
's-
Chare, Oliver-Chare, Galeway-Chare,
with half of the
Fryer
of
Austin.
This Tower is now the Hall of the
Ropers,
and was repair'd at the Charge of the Company, 1698,
John Langlonds,
and
John Dawson
being Wardens.
CORNER-TOWER
had in Ward all the House-side upon the Key, as their Doors open Southward towards the King's Wall upon the Key-side from the Stone Stairs beside the Common; so going East-ward upon the Key-side, to the South-end of
Broad-Chare-Yate,
in the said King's Wall.
PAMPEDEN-YATE
is so called from the
Ancient Town of Pampeden,
where was the
Picts-Wall,
and a
Roman Turret,
part of which is still to be seen. Out of this Gate is a
Causey
that goeth into a Place of Recreation and Perambulation, called the
Shields-Field,
and a Way to a Village called
Walls-end
is a Village Fast from
Newcastle
about three Miles; nigh it was the Station of the 1st Cohort of the
Fraxagi
as the
Liber notitiarum
says, which calls the Place itself
Vindobola,
or as
Antoninus
names it,
Vindomora,
which last seems in the Provincial Language of the
Britons
to have signified the
Walls-end,
as the later does the
Rampier's-end.
For they anciently named a Wall
Mur,
and a Ditch or Rampier
Gual,
or
Val,
or
Bal.
Cambden.
But with this a late ingenious Author cannot agree, because Mr.
Cambden
brings no Proof from Inscriptions, and also because
Pancirolus,
in the same
Notitia
places
Vindomora
at the ninth Station
per Lineam Valli,
where the fourth Cohort of the
Galli
lay, and which appears by Inscriptions to have been the
Little Chesters upon the Wall;
He concludes therefore, that where the Wall begun, which has already been shown, the first Station of
Segedunum
was certainly placed.
Gord. Irinerar. Septontion. p. 70.
The present
Wals-end
is a very agreeable Place, having about it very good Grounds, and in it some beautiful Houses and Gardens. Some of the Possessors of which, are Mr.
Henry Waters
of
Newcastle
Hoastman, Mr.
Charles Atkinson
of
Newcastle,
Hoastman, Mr.
Thomas Waters
of
Newcastle,
Merchant, Mr.
James Monkcaster
of
Newcastle,
Merchant, Mr.
William Dixon
of
Newcastle,
Brewer,
&c.
There is a Chapel belonging to this Village, which is very inconveniently situated, on the Top of an Hill, the present Incumbent is the Reverend Mr.
Thomas Dockwray,
Lecturer of St.
Nicholas
in
Newcastle.
Wals-end,
by
Bede, Villa ad Murum,
This is certainly a Mistake. For according to Mr.
Cambden,
that was
Wall-town,
which from the agreeableness of the Name, and (as he goes on) it's
12
Miles Distance from the Eastern Sea, was the
Royal Burrow,
which
Bede
calls
ad murum.
But the learned Dr.
Smith
upon this Passage of
Bede
is of another Opinion. He says, it is commonly supposed to be
Walton,
but this, he adds, can't be true. For it answers not the Distance at which
Bede
places the
ad murum
from the Sea. But
Wallbottle,
both as to it's Name, and as to it's Distance, which is not far from
Newcastle,
and from the Sea about
12
Miles, will answer exactly well.
But be this is it will, certain it is, that the
ad murum
is famous on Account that
Sigebert
King of the
East-Saxons,
and
Penda
King of the
Mercians,
together with his whole Train of Courtiers and Attendants were baptised in it by the Bishop
Finanus.
—One
Matilda,
of this Village of Walls-end, had some Lands in
Pampeden
confirmed to her at a Court held at
Byker, Anno 1285.
In a Charter of
William de Carilepho,
Bishop of
Durham,
which he granted to the Monks, we have mention made of this Place. For the Bishop is said to have given this and
Willington
to the Monks.
Ultra ampnem Tinam duas villas
Wyllynton
&
Walleshend
cum suis Appendiciis.
and so into
Tinemouth-shire.
This Gate had in Ward from
Galeway-Rent
in
Cross-gate,
beside
All-Hallow
Pant, both the Rawes of that
Cross-gate,
so going-Eastward down to the Pant called
Broad-Chare
Pant, with
Bell-place
that standeth upon the Pant; and with all the
Broad-Chare,
and
Narrow-Chare,
otherwise called
Collier-Chare,
with
Michael-place,
cutting upon the West-side of
Pandon-bourne.
WALL-KNOWL-TOWER
and
HABKIN-TOWER,
are now but one Ward, and they have in Ward from the
Broad-Chare
part, beside
Bell-place,
so going to a Burn called
Cogo,
both the Towers unto the South-side
Cogo
-Burn, as it runneth beside the
Stone Brig
unto
Pandon
-Burn, from
Pandon-yate,
to the
Sand-gate
either in
Pandon
or
Fisher-gate,
or in other Places from the said Burn Eastward, with the Wards, with all that dwell upon North Rawe in
Sandgate.
THIS Tower commonly called the
Carpenters
Tower, because the Company of Carpenters or Ship-wrights meet in it, was one of the Towers of the
Old Romans.
This Company in the Year 1716, built upon the under Part of it a very grand and stately
Square-Tower,
adorn'd at the Top Corners with 4
fair Turrets
built in the form of a Lanthorn.
Lib. de Reb. Novocast'.
BUT before the taking down the Top of the old Tower, it was much of the same Size, Model, and Stone with the Tower of
Routchester
in
Northumberland,
which was certainly one of the Towers belonging to the
Picts-Wall.
THERE is under it an ancient Postern-gate, which leads into the Field called the
Garth-Heads,
the most part of which was last Year enclosed and turned into Garden-ground, by
Richard Ridley,
Esq
the Owner of it.
FROM
Sandgate,
which is so called because, it was built upon the Sand, or the River-side, is a Wall, having many little Gates in it, extending itself as far as the
Merchant
's Hall, along the Street called the
Key-side.
IT must not be forgot what is mentioned in the Manuscript of Mr.
John Milbank,
that between every one of these Towers, there were for the most Part 2
Watch-Towers
made square, with the Effigies of Men cut in Stone upon the Tops of them, as tho' they were
watching,
and they were called
Garret,
which had Square Holes over the Walls to through Sones down.
WHEN these Walls were finished is not exactly found.
Grey
Grey 7.
seems to think they were finished some little Time before the Reign of
Henry
the 6th.
BUT this I imagine is a Date too late for the finishing of them; for
Henry
the 4th, in the 4th Year of his Reign,
Aug.
16, granted at the Castle of
Port-tefract,
that all Fines, Redemptions, Amerciaments, Issues, Forfeitures and Profits, as well of Pleas as that of Justices of the Peace,
&c.
be received by the
Mayor
and
Burgesses
of this
Town
and their
Officers,
for supporting, amending, and repairing the
Walls, Bridges
and
Gates of the Town.
The Walls then in this Reign must have been compleated, forasmuch as they then probably wanted Repairs.
BUT further had
Grey
remembered his own Story above-mention'd, of the 300
valiant Men,
that issued out at the
White-fryer-gate,
and put the
Scottish Army
to flight, he would surely have concluded that the Walls were finished before that Accident, which hapned in the Reign of
Edward
the 3d. Certainly the
Scottish
Army, which is said to have been a great one, would not have lodged without the Town if they could have lodged in it, and what should hinder their lodging in it, but the Walls of the Town well guarded? I conclude therefore that the Walls of the Town at the latest were compleated in the Reign of King
Edward
the 3d, before the Year 1342 for it was in this Year that this Transaction hapned.
AFTER they were finished, it
Grey 27.
was famous for being a Bullwark against the
Scots,
all the Power of
Scotland
could never win it, but of late,
viz.
in the Time of the Civil Wars, being assisted by the
English,
it was stormed, and our Churches and Houses defaced, and the Ornaments of both taken away.
IT is now going fast into Ruins, several of the
Turrets
and some of the
round Towers
being fallen; but the Towers which stand, together with some little Parts of the Wall adjoining to them, are kept in good Repair by their respective Companies.
THE Circumference of this Wall, from the
Close-gate,
to the same, is two Miles and 175 Yards.
CHAP. IV.
WEST-GATE.
T HIS Street has it's Name from it's being on the West Part of the Town.
FROM the Gate Eastward is a Little Street called
Ratten-Rawe,
at the End of which is a narrow Passage, turning up to the North, which leads to the Monastery of the
Black-Fryers.
Sect. I.
Of the
BLACK-FRYERS.
THE
Dominicans
commonly called
Black-Fryers, Preaching-Fryers,
and
Jacobine Fryers,
came over into
England
in the Year of our Lord
Fuller C. Hist.
1221, or as others say, 1217, and had their first Residence in
Oxford,
they were a
Prior
and 12
Brethren;
their Prior's Name was
Gilbert de Fraxineto;
the Name of the Order was taken from St.
Dominick,
born at
Cologona
in
Spain:
Of this Order were no sewer than fourscore famous English Writers.
De reb. Novocast'.
This Monastery was founded by Sir
Peter Scott,
who was the first Mayor of
Newcastle, Anno
1251, and Sir
Nicholas Scott
his Son, who was one of the 4 Bailiffs of the Town, 1254, 1257, and
Capital Bailiff,
1269; but the Site of it was given by 3 Sisters, whose Names have long since been ingratefully buried in Oblivion.
WHEN was the particular Time of it's Building, I have met with no Account; but it is not difficult to give a probable Guess; the Order itself of the
Dominicans
or
Black-Fryes
came into
England,
as is mentioned above, in the Year 1221; consequently it must have been founded after that Time: And that it must have been founded some Years before the Year 1280, is plain to a Demonstration. For in that Year, which was the Eight of
Edward
the First, the
Black-Fryers
had Licence from the King to break a Door through this
New Wall,
Vid.
Town Wall.
into their Garden; which proves them a regular settled Body at that Time; and therefore that their Priory was built some Years before that Licence.
Black-Fryers.
Grey 20.
WE are told, that this Monastery was in old Time called the
Grey-Fryers;
which in my Opinion is a Thing highly Improbable; for the
Grey-Fryers,
or
Franciscans,
came not into
England
'till about the Year 1224; and if as I have proved above, the
Black-fryers
were a Settled Body some Years before the Year 1280; how is it possible to have been called of old Time the
Grey-Fryers?
This is therefore a Mistake, and beside, the
Dominicans
came into
England
before the
Franciscans
or
Grey-Fryers,
and therefore more probably were sooner in this Place.
IT has been a very stately and Beautiful Building, as appears by the present Remains of it. The
Area
or
Grass-plat
is about 87 Foot in Length, and as many in Breadth; on the East Side of it was the
Chapel,
which is now the
Hall
of the Company of
Smiths
in this Town. On the West-side of it is a curious
Old Well,
which served the Monastery with Water, called our
Lady's Well.
On the South may still be seen the Ruins of a curious Front, on which Side is the
Hall
of the
Cordwainers,
in which I saw a Pair of winding Stairs, which they told me (before they were walled up) led by a Vault as far as the Nunnery of St.
Bartholomew.
On the North of it were their
Gardens,
a Part of which was the
Warden
's
Close,
before the Building of that Part of the
Towns-wall.
This appears by the Charter granted to this Monastery in the Reign of
Edward the first,
about breaking out that
Narrow-Gate
in the Wall between
Westgate
and
Newgate;
in which Grant it is said, that the Wall went through the Middle of their Garden. This Monastery was dependant upon the Priory of
Tinmouth.
IN the Reign of
Edward
the 2d, the Brethren of this Monastery had License granted them for the Building of a
Drawbridge,
beyond the
New Ditch
of the
Castle.
WHO were the
Priors
of this Monastery, what eminent Men belonged to them, or what Things were transacted by them from their Beginning 'till their Dissolution, were Things undoubtedly preserved among themselves whilst they were a Body; but, after their Surrender, were either destroy'd, or have not yet come to Light.
ONE of the Priors of this Monastery was one
Richard Marshall.
I take this Gentleman to have been the last
Prior
of this Monastery, for in the 28th of
Henry
the 8th, a Grant of a Tenement, nigh the White-Cross, (signed by Fryer
Richard Marshal,
Dr. and Prior; and Fryer
David Simpson,
and Fryer
John Sowrby
) was given to
Anthony Godsave,
upon his paying to the said Priory or Monastery 9
s.
per Ann. This Grant is now in the Possession of Mr.
Thomas Marshal,
of
Newcastle,
Joyner, who purchased this Tenement, and has lately rebuilt it. He pays the same Rent to the Town of
Newcastle,
which the Tenement pay'd to the Monastery.
ABOUT 2 Years after the Signing of this Deed, in
January
the 30th of this Reign this Monastery surrendered; it consisted of a
Prior,
and
Twelve Fryers.
THE Nature of surrendering was this, according to Bishop
Burnet,
who says,
Burnet
's Records, p. 146.
at the surrendring of Monasteries and Abbies,
&c.
there was generally a Confession along with the Surrender. Few of them are remaining, the following one is one of the Six the Bishop had seen, and is a Copy from him,
Pag.
150.
Coll. Rec.
FORASMUCH as we the
Prior
and
Fryers
of this House of
Carmelites
in
Stamford,
commonly called the
White-Fryers,
in
Stamford,
in the County of
Lincoln,
do profoundly consider, that the Perfection of Christian living doth not consist in same Ceremonies, wearing of a
White Coat,
disguising of our selves after strange Fashions, Dockying and Becking, wearing Scapulars and Hoods, and other like papistical Ceremonies, wherein we have been most principally practised, and Nose-led in Time past; but the very true Way to please God, and to live a true Christian Man, without all Hypocrysie and feigned Dissimulation, is sincerely declared to us by our Master Christ, his Evangelists and Apostles; being minded hereafter to follow the same, conforming ourselves to the Will and Pleasure of our Supreame-head, under God, on Earth, the King's Majesty, and are not to follow henceforth the superstitious Traditions of any Forensecal Potentate or Power, with mutual Assent and Consent, do submit ourselves unto our said Sovereign Lord, and with the like Assent and Consent do surrender,
&c. Sign'd by the
Prior,
and
Six Fryers.
WHAT became of the Brethren of this our Fryery, after their Surrender, what they had allowed them annually for a Maintenance, or whether they had any Thing allowed at all, I have no where met with. Some Account indeed I meet with afterwards of the
Prior
himself, but none of the
Fryers.
It is this which follows.
Collier Eccl. Hist. Vol. II p. 302.
RICHARD Marshal,
Prior of the
Black-Fryers
in
Newcastle,
about the Year 1551, went into
Scotland
and preach'd at St.
Andrews,
that the
Pater Noster
should be addressed to God, and not to the Saints. Some Doctors of the
University
being disgusted at this Assertion, prevailed with one
Tofts,
a
Grey-Fryer,
to undertake to prove that the
Pater-Noster
might be said to the
Saints;
whose Ignorance in doing the same was so manifest, that he became the common Jest, and quitted the Town.
AFTER the Surrender of the Monastery on
Jan.
the 10th, 30th of
Henry
the 8th, the
Black-Fryers
was granted to the Town of
Newcastle,
in Consideration of 53
l.
7
s.
6
d.
The annual Value of it, was 2
l.
19
s.
6
d.
The King says in the Grant, that He gives to the
Mayor
and
Burgesses
of
Newcastle,
the whole House and Site, lately a
Priory,
or a
House of Brethren,
called vulgarly the
Black-Fryers
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne;
The
Chapel, Houses, Edifices, Gardens,
&c. the
Hall,
two
Chambers,
a Chamber called the
Cross-Chamber,
and the two
Gardens,
with their Appurtenances, and the whole Close within the
West-gate,
and another Close near the Site of the said Priory on the North. And a Close containing 3 Acres, and a House in the same Close without the Walls of the said Town, and a House called the
Gate-house,
situated near the Street.
IT also appears from the Grant, that the King reserved to himself and Successors, the
Bells
and
Lead
that was upon the Church belonging to this Fryery, and the other Buildings of it; the Lead in the Gutters, together with the Stones and Iron of the Church,
&c.
THE Nine Crafts of this Town had their
Meeting-houses
or
Halls
in it, and still have, except two of them, the
Taylors
and the
Cordwainers,
who have bestowed these upon some poor Widows, and got themselves others in other Places. These Halls are of great Service to this ancient Building, in preserving it from an entire Ruin. Such is the Hall of the
Smiths,
which was repaired by them in the Year 1709,
John Kellet, Thomas Turner, Jonathan Gibson, Roger Haddock
being Wardens; The Hall of the
Dyers,
The Hall of the
Bakers
and
Brewers,
which was repair'd
Ann'
1711,
Christopher Rutter, Lionel Dixon, William Dove, John Make-piece,
being then Wardens: These Halls are on the East-side of the Fryery. Such also are those on the West-side of it, viz. the Hall of the
This Company has belonging to it, an ancient Manuscript, beautifully wrote, in Old English Rhime; it relates to our Saviour's Sufferings. I take it to be the play they were obliged by their Ordinary to maintain on the Feast of
Corpus Christi.
Sadlers,
which was repair'd by them in the Year 1729,
Cuthbert Berkley
and
Matthew Anderson,
Wardens; and the Hall of the
Skinners
and
Glovers,
which was repaired by them in the Year, 1712,
John Emmerson, Robert Barnes, Robert Shutt, Philip Smith
being Wardens. Such are those also on the South-side of it,
viz.
the
Cordwainer
's Hall, which was turned into Appartments for three Widows, in the Year 1729,
John Wheatley
and
George Alder
being Wardens; the Hall of the
Butchers,
and the Hall of the
Tanners,
was repair'd in the Year 1717,
Thomas Anderson, William Harrison, Thomas Dixon, William Slaiter
then Wardens.
BY Means of these Halls, there is still some Visage of the Fryery remaining, which had otherwise been intirely in the Dust. 'Tis a Pity that those People who are permitted by the Companies to reside in some of those Rooms are not threatned into more Cleanliness, and that the Companies themselves are not at the Expence of repairing the Area; were these Things done, it would be a Beautiful Piece of Antiquity, and an Entertainment to the Curious, from whencesoever they came.
Sect. II
The
VICARAGE.
IN coming back by the narrow Lane which led to the
Black-fryers,
we face a little Street called
Fennel Street,
which leads into
Westgate;
a Street more retired than any other in this Town; there being no Artificers or Mechanicks in this Street, nor any Market. It is chiefly inhabited by the
Clergy
and
Gentry;
and indeed it seems all along to have been inhabited by such more than by others. In some Writings above 400 Years old, we meet with the Names of some
Clergy-men
who lived in this Street,
viz. Robertus de Gonwerton, Thomas Abelot, &c.
not to mention those who belonged to the Monasteries and Hospitals; and
Grey
tells us, that the Men who lived in this Street in his Time, had Employment for both Town and Country, he says also that in old Time the Earl of
Westmoreland
had his House in this Street.
AT present several of the Houses in it, are large and beautiful; such are the Houses of the Lady
Clavering,
of
Utrick Whitfield,
Esq
Thomas Ord,
Esq
Mr.
Abraham Dixon,
&c. in the Upper Part of it; and of
George Grey,
Esq
and others adjoining to him in the lower Parts of it.
ON the North Side of this Street, a little above St.
John
's Church, is the
Vicarage
House, the Dwelling of the
Vicars
of
Newcastle.
It stands, at least equally pleasant with the other Houses in this Place, being situated in the middle of Fields and Gardens, and more retir'd, being at some Distance from the Street.
WHO it was that built this House, I have not been able to learn; but 'tis not improbable that it was the Town of
Newcastle,
who has been always famous for it's Generosity to it's Clergy; as the Vicarage itself in particular must always acknowledge. It is at present more beautiful and convenient than it was wont to be, having been repair'd and enlarged in the Year 1694, by the Rev. and Worthy Dr.
Ellison,
the then
Vicar.
THERE is a
Hall
belonging to this House, built in a very grand and stately Manner, according to the Hospitality of the Times it was built in. In particular, it was the Place where the
Vicars
of
Newcastle
were wont to entertain the inferiour Officers of Churches, the
Clarks, Sextons, &c.
at the Season of
Christmas.
If I am not very much mistaken, there are many still living, who remember this laudable Custom.
The
Garden
belonging to this House, tho' beneath some others in this Street for Art and Curiosity, and Beauty of Flowers; yet in this it glories above all the others, that the
Roman-Wall,
which was undoubtedly one of the great Works of the
Roman Empire,
is said to have passed through the middle of it.
Sect. III.
Of St.
JOHN's CHURCH.
THIS Church is situated almost close to the Vicarage. It is dedicated to St.
John the Baptist;
but who was the Founder I never met with: I am inclinable to believe it was founded by the
Towns-people,
notwithstanding a Conjecture of an
Anonymous Gentleman,
which is, that
Robert Rhodes
was the Builder of this Church. But this I think is impossible; for the earliest he can be supposed to have lived, is about the Year 1430, in the Reign of
Henry
the 6th, when
John Rhodes,
who was perhaps his Father, was Mayor; whereas it is certain this Church was built at least an Hundred Years before. For the Grant of
Adam
of
Durham,
to the the Priest of St.
Thomas
the Martyr's
Chantery
in this Church, bears Date the 26th of
March,
1319, in the Reign of
Edward
the 2d; consequently then the Church must have been in being at this Time, and so could not have been built by
Robert Rhodes.
Nay, in a Charter dated 1287, belonging to the Rev. Mr.
Smith
of
Melsomby,
to whom I have been obliged for a Sight of a great many Writings, I meet with these Words,
Venellum quo itur ad Ecclesiam Sancti Joannis.
So that this Church was still earlier in Being,
viz.
in the 15th of
Edward
the 1st. However, it is supposed that the
Steeple
of this Church was either built, or at least beautified by him, as also the
South-Cross
of the Church; for his
Coat of Arms,
as also these Words,
Orate pro Anima Roberti Rhodes,
are upon both of them; which indeed makes it somewhat probable.
THIS Church, as
Grey
informs us, was commended by an
Arch-Prelate
of this Kingdom, because it resembleth much a
Churches were usually built in form of the Cross, to represent and commemorate the Cross on which our Lord died.
Cross;
which indeed it does more than any other in this Town.
THERE were three
Chanteries consisted of Salaries allowed to one or more Priests to say daily Masses for the Souls of their deceased Founders, and their Friends. These were Adjectives, not able to stand of themselves, and therefore united (for their better Support) to some parochial, Collegiate, or Cathedral Church.
Ful. Ch. Hist. p. 350.
Chanteries
belonging to this Church, one of which was the
Chantery
of
Sciant presentes, &c. quod Ego
Adam de Dunelm', Burgensis Villae Novi Castri super Tynam,
&c.
pro salute Animae meae, & pro animabus
Rogeri
patris mei,
&c.
hac presenti Carta Mea confirmavi
Domino Rogero de Burneto Capellano
— Singulis diebus ad altare Beati
Thomae
Martyris in
Ecclesia Parochiali Sancti Joannis de Novo-Castro
divina Celebraturo; totum illud messuagium,
&c.
Et volo quod post decessum meum,
Major & Ballini praedictae villae Novi-Castri,
quicunquae pro tempore suo fuerint, habeans Jus patronatus dictae
Cantariae,
& quod ipsi nun cum quatuor de Prebioribus & Discretioribus hominibus Parochiae praedictae ad hoc Eloctis possint ad dictam Cantariam, quotrescunque ipsam Vacatam contingat, vtrum capellanum Honestum, Discretum, er Honestum eligere & instituere,
&c.
St.
Thomas
the Martyr, which was founded about
Anno
1319, in the Reign of
Edward
the 2d. For
Adam
of
Durham,
Burgess of this Town, (according to the Opinion of the Times he liv'd in) for the Sake of his
own Soul,
and the Souls of his Father
Roger,
and
Agnes
his Mother,
&c.
gave an annual Salary to
Such Priests as have the Addition of
Sir
before their Christian Name, were Men not graduated in the University; being in Orders, but not in Degrees; whilst others intitled
Masters,
had commenced in the Arts. Note, that generally Founders of Chanteries preferred Priests not beneficed to those Places, as best at Leisure constantly to attend the same.
Fuller C. Hist. p. 352.
Sir
Roger de Burneton,
the
Chantry-Priest,
for celebrating Divine Service every Day, at the
Altar
of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, in
this Church.
I take this Chantry to have been situated on the North Side of the said Church, extending as far as, and adjoining close to, the
North-Cross
of the Church.
WHEN this Priest of the Chantry dyed, another was to be chosen (after the Decease of the Benefactor
Adam
) by the
Mayor
and
Bailiffs
of this Town for the Time being, together with four of the most discreet, and judicious Men of the Parish of St.
John
elected for that Purpose. The
Mayor, &c.
had also the Power of turning out the Priest of this Chantry,
St.
JOHN's
Church.
and putting another in his stead, if he neglected his Duty upon any Canonical Impediment, beyond 40 Days. If he was taken with a Fit of Sickness, he was obliged to provide another at his own Expence to wait upon the Altar. They had a Power also of turning him out, and putting another in his Stead, if any Scandalous Crime was proved upon him.
THIS Writing was sealed by the Seal of the Benefactor, and the
Common Seal of the Town of Newcastle;
and Witnessed, by
Richard de Emelden,
then Mayor,
Thomas de Frismarisco, Richard de Acton, William de Burneton, Gilbert de Hankyn,
Bailiffs of the Town, Sir
Nicholas Scot,
Knight,
Nicholas de Carleol, Thomas de Carleol, Peter Graper,
&c.
THE yearly Value of this Chantry was 4
l.
3
s.
which was raised out of certain Tenements in the
Sandhill
and
Westgate.
ANOTHER Chantry belonging to this Church, was that of
our Lady,
founded by
Edward Scott,
in the Reign of
Edward
the 3d; the yearly Value of which was 4
l.
4
s.
4
d.
which arose out of Tenements in the
Sandhill
and
Westgate.
THE 3d Chantry was that of the
Holy Trinity,
founded by
John Dalton, William Atkinshawe,
and
Andrew Accliffe,
Clerks; the yearly Value of which was 5
l.
13
s.
4
d.
which arose out of Tenements in
Westgate, Side,
without
Westgate,
and a Close without
Westgate.
I have been told, that the
Painted Glass
on one of the South Windows of the Quire of this Church, had on it the Representation of the
Trinity.
It does indeed still resemble some such Thing, but, if the Knowledge of it was needful, it might be Queried whether it ever was any such Representation.
THERE is another Thing at the Top of this Quire, which tho' little known, is yet of greater Certainty; and that is, the
Funnel,
or
Wood Box,
in the Form of a
Spout,
which hangs from the Top of this Quire. This was a Conveyance for an Artificial
Dove,
on the Day of
Pentecost,
in the Times of Popery, to represent the
Descent of the Holy Ghost.
That there were such Things in Churches, tho' in none that I know of in this Town, but this; is Matter of Fact. For thus we are told, that
Bee-Hive of the Romish Church.
Geo. Gelding,
p.
207.
on
Whitsunday
the Papists begin to play a new interlude. For then they sent down
a Dove
out of an
Owl
's
Nest,
devised in the
Roof
of the Church. But first they cast out
Rosin
and
Gunpowder
with
Wild-fire,
to make the Children afraid; and that must needs be the Holy Ghost, which cometh with Thunder and Lightning.
THERE was formerly an
Organ
in this Church. This appears from the last Will and Testament of Mr.
John Wilkinson,
Merchant of this Town, who was one of the Ancestors of the present Mr.
John Wilkinson
Merchant, to whom I am obliged for a Sight of this Will. It bears Date
Feb.
1, 1570, and has these Words,
I, Iohn Wylkinson,
&c.
commend my Soule unto Almyghtie God, and my Bodye to be buryed in Saincte Iohn-Church, on the Northe Syde of the same Church, nygh where the Organes doithe stande.
A little below this he thus orders,
I wyll have the dyvyne Service at the Daye of my Buryal, according to the Lawes and Custome of this Realme. Item I wyll have delt and gevyn to the Poore the Daye of my Buryal, fortye Shillings. Item I will that myne Executors shall in the Daye of my Burial make a Dynner for my Brethren the Aldermen, and for my Neighbour-heade in the Myddle-Streete,
&c.
M. S.
Milbank.
IN the Year 1639, when the
Scots
sought to deface the ancient Monuments, and said they were Papistry, and Supestition, they began with the Spoon of this Church's Font, and broke it all to Pieces. It had been given by one
John Bertram.
For there was written about it;
For the Honour of God and St.
John, John Bertram
gave this Font Stone. Cuthbert Maxwell,
a Mason, observing the Barbarity of the
Scots,
came in Haste to St.
Nicholas,
and saved the Spoon of that Font in it's Vestry, and also that of
All-hallows.
He lived, after the King return'd, to set them up again.
THE
Porch
of this Church was rebuilt in the Year 1710,
Thomas Fletcher; Robert Percival, John Quincy, John Fairlam
being then
Church-wardens.
In the Year 1723, the Steeple was new pointed at the Expence of the Corporation,
Matthew Featherstone,
Esq
being then Mayor; and the same Year was the Body of the Church pointed at the Charge of the Parishioners. There are two
Galleries
in this Church; one on the West-End of the Church, and the other on the North-Side. The
Latter Gallery
was built in the Year 1710, for 33 Persons, by Mr.
Robert Percival,
Pin-maker, of this Parish, who was a great Lover of the Church, and an industrious Promoter of every good Design towards Her. In the Year 1707, when the Parishioners took down the 3 old Bells belonging to this Church, and contributed to the 6 they have at present; Mr.
Percival
contributed three Pounds. In the Year 1710 he beautified the
Altar
at his own Expence. He dyed on the 8th of
February,
1729, and lest by his last Will and Testament to the Parish of St.
John
for ever; a House which stands in the
Wool-market,
which is let at the yearly Rent of 20
l.
THE
Communion Table
of this Church was given by Mr.
Robert Crow,
Merchant,
Anno
1712.
MR.
Robert Rymer
of this Town left to this Church in the Year 1722, a large
Flaggon,
a
Chalice,
and a
Plate,
all of Silver, valued at 60
l.
to be used at the
Holy Communion.
LEGACIES
left to the
POOR
of this Parish, are these following.
HENRY Hilton
of
Hilton,
Esq
left 4
l.
Yearly for Ninety Nine Years. He dy'd in
February,
1640.
SIR
William Blackett,
Bart, left 2
l.
yearly for ever, to be paid on the 1st of
December,
out of a House at the
Tyne
Bridge-end: To be distributed by the Minister.
 
l.
s.
d.
Sir
Alexander Davison
02
00
00
Mr.
William Carr
01
00
00
Sir
Thomas Davison
01
00
00
Sir
Mark Milbank
03
00
00
Mr.
John Rumney
03
00
00
 
10
00
00
ALL these are paid out of the Town Chamber, the one half at
Michaelmas
and the other half at
Lady-day.
ISABEL
the Wife of
William Wrightson,
Esq
left 50
l.
the Interest paid yearly out of the Town's Chamber on the 30th of
September.
MR.
Aldworth
left 1
l.
to be paid out of Lands in
Oakwell-gate,
yearly, for Ever.
NICHOLAS Ridley,
Esq
left 1
l.
to be paid out of Lands in
Heaton,
yearly, for Ever.
MR.
Thomas Davison
left 1
l.
6
s.
8
d.
to be paid out of the Merchant's Company, yearly, for Ever.
MR.
Timothy Davison
left 1
l.
5
s.
to be paid out of the Merchant's Company, yearly, for Ever.
MATTHEW White,
Esq
left 1
l.
to be paid out of a House in
Pilgrim-street,
yearly, for Ever.
MR.
William Carr
left 1
l.
2
s.
4
d.
to be paid out of Houses in
Westgate,
yearly, for Ever.
MR.
William Harrison
left 50
l.
the Interest paid out of the Town's Chamber, yearly, for Ever.
MARGARET Percival.
Widow, left a House in the Back-row (in the same Parish) Lett at the yearly Rent of 3
l.
7
s.
6
d.
MR.
Robert Percival
left a House in the Wool-market, (after the Death of his Daughter in Law) Lett at the yearly Rent of 20
l.
BURIED
in this
CHURCH.
Near the Altar Table.
SEpulchrum Roberti Fenwick Mercatoris, & Dorotheae vxoris ejus Suorumque Filiorum & Filiarum, Ille Obijt Sept die Octav. A0 D. 1689. Aetatis Suae 61. Robert Filius natu maximus Obijt 23 die Martii 1690 Illa Obit 15 Julii 1701 Petrus Potts Geners Annam Filiam eorum natu maxima Duxit Vxorem Exqua Liberos Suscepit Quorum Sex Sibi Fuere Superstites (viz) Dorothea, Jana, Maria, Petrus, Robertus, Johannes; Illa Obijt 30 April A. D. 1719. Aetatis Suae 63.
THE Burial Place of Mr.
John Bell,
Merchant Adventurer, and
Margaret
his Wife.
Margaret Bell
dy'd the 21st of
November,
1710; Aged 55.
John Bell
dy'd the 22d of
June,
1716; Aged 62.
Sepulchrum Radulphi Scourfeild Gennerosi qui obijt Februarij 16th 1675 Et Jane Uxoris ejus quae obijt Maij 120 1689. Quorum filius Radulphus Scourfeild Armiger de Comitatu Northumbriae quondam Vicecomes Obijt Septembris 1st 1728.
THE Burial Place of
John Clutterbuck,
Gent. and
Barbara
his Wife, and their Children.
Hannah
buried
July
the 16th, 1683.
Catherine
buried
July
23, 1683.
James
buried
April
3d, 1692.
Barbara
his Wife buried
Sept.
2d, 1695.
Richard
their Son departed the 9th of
Nov.
1702. He departed the 3d of
July
1717.
In the
CHANCEL.
THIS is the Burial Place of
Thomas Errington,
Merchant Adventurer. These Words are writ about the Arms cut upon the Stone;
Remember Death
God's Word ne'er shun
With Wings Time slieth
Whilst Glass doth run.
THE Burial Place of
William Wallas
Mercer, and Merchant Adventurer of
England,
He departed this Life the 23d Day of
Sept.
1664.
William Wallas
Son of the said
William,
departed this Life the 11th Day of
January, Anno
1688. Aetatis Suae 23.
THE Burial Place of
Charles Clark
Barbar Chyrurgeon; He departed the 2d of
August,
1667.
Margaret
his Wife, departed this life the 30th Day of
March
1683. At the Bottom of the Arms,
De Pretient Dei.
THE Burial Place of the Rev.
Matthew. Forster,
Lecturer of this Church, who dy'd
October
the 23d, 1723. Aged 46.
OSWOLD Chayter,
Lining Weaver, 38 Year Clerk of this Church, departed to the Mercy of God
July
21,
A. D.
1623. Aged 68 Years.
HERE lieth the Body of
John Dixon,
Plummer, who died
April
the 12th, 1728. Aged 42.
NORTH ISLE.
LYES the Body of
John Wilkinson,
Merchant Adventurer.
THE
Minister
of the Church is the Curate and
Lecturer
of it. He is
Curate
to the
Vicar,
for which he receives 3
l. per Annum,
and the Surplice-Fees; and
Lecturer
to the
Corporation,
for which he receives 90
l. per. Annum.
The
other Minister
of this Church is the
Assistant Curate,
who is paid by the
Minister
himself.
I have not been able to collect more of the
Ministers
and
Curates
of this Parish, than these following.
ROBERT Urguart,
who suffered in the Beginning of the
Civil-Wars.
He afterwards went beyond the Seas, turn'd
Papist,
and dyed in a Convent.
JOHN Shaw.
He was the Son of a
Clergyman,
born at
Bedlington,
was first of
Queen
's
College;
from whence he removed to that of
Brazen-Nose
in
Oxford.
In the Year 1645, he was both instituted and inducted to the Rectory of
Whalton,
but not permitted to enjoy it. However, with much ado he afterwards got the Church of
Bolton
in
Craven
in
Yorkshire:
Which being but half the Value of
Whalton,
they allowed him to keep it.
IN 1661 he returned to
Whalton;
was made Preacher also of the Parish Church of St.
John
's in
Newcastle;
twice chosen a Member of the
Convocation
for
Yorkshire;
and if I mistake not, served once for the
Clergy
of the
Archdeacoury
of
Northumberland.
He was a Man of good Learning and of an unblameable Life, a strict Observer of the Orders of the Church: Somewhat warm in his Temper; equally zealous against
Popery
and
Presbytery,
with it's Brood of Sectaries; as appears by his Writings: The
Gout
confin'd him to his House, and at last to his Bed, some Years before his Death. He bore his Affliction with Christian Fortitude; being patient, resign'd, and chearful under it; more solicitous for God's Church than for himself, and died in a good old Age, in the Year 1689. I had almost omitted to say, that he was imprisoned no less than
four Years by the Rebels.
HE lies buried near the
Altar,
with this Inscription on his Tomb-stone.
Hic
Quod Remanet
Johannis Shaw
Hujus Ecclesiae Pastoris;
Deo, Ecclesiae,
Patriae Regi,
Piè Fidelis.
Obijt Maij 220 A. D. 1689.
Aetatis Suae 77.
ANTHONY Proctor
was his Curate, who was buried at St.
Nicholas
's
Nov.
7. 1688.
ANDREW Bates,
A. M. Minister. He was of the Family of the
Bates
's of
Northumberland.
He was a Man of good sound Principles, and an excellent Parish Priest; being very diligent in his Parish, in taking Care of the Poor and visiting the Sick.
MR.
Bullock
was Curate to him, who was succeeded by
John Potts,
A. B. of St.
John
's Coll.
Camb.
MATTHEW Forster,
A. M. of St.
Peter
's Coll.
Camb.
A Worthy generous Man, who delighted in good Works, and Acts of Charity. He dy'd
Oct.
23, 1723.
JOSEPH Carr,
M. A. of
Trinity
Coll.
Camb.
was his Curate after the Decease of Mr.
Potts
abovementioned.
HENRY Featherstone-Haugh,
B. D. of St.
John
's College,
Camb.
succeeded Mr.
Forster
as Lecturer. He was removed from St.
John
's to the Afternoon Lectureship of
All-Hallows, Sept.
27, 1731.
JOHN Thompson,
A. M. of St.
John
's College
Camb.
is the present Assistant Curate.
THE Curate or Minister of this Church has paid him annually from the Crown 5
l.
THE Town of
Newcastle
was wont to give to this Church at
Easter
15 Gallons of Wine.
THE Weekly Prayers of this Church are on Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday: On the two former Days in the Morning, at 9-o'Clock, and at 2 in the Afternoon; On the latter at Two in the Afternoon.
THE Sacrament is administred at this Church every third Sunday of the Month.
The
CHARITY-SCHOOL
of this Parish.
THE
Charity-School
of St.
John
's consists of
Forty four
poor Boys, but no Girls, and was endowed by the late Mr.
John Ord,
in the Year 1705, which Matter was transacted between him and Dr.
Thomlinson,
whom he consulted and made privy to his Design, but enjoyn'd to Secrecy; and the Founder of that School was not known 'till after his Death. He gave towards supporting it a
large Close
without
Pilgrim-street-gate,
called
Great Magdalen Close,
alias the
Mill-Close,
which is held by Lease of the
Master
and
Brethren
of St.
Mary Magdalen
Hospital, under the Rent of 4
l. per Annum.
The Close is Lett at 25
l.
so that the neat Rent to the School is only 21
l.
MRS.
Margaret Allgood,
Widow, by Will dated the 15th of
July
1707, devised to this School 100
l.
to be put out at Interest, and which is accordingly put out at Interest for the Benefit of this School.
AND there is annually raised by Subscription towards the Maintenance of this School 33
l.
14
s.
THE Master's Salary is 24
l. per Annum
and 40
s.
for teaching the Boys to sing, and 16
s. per Annum
for Pens, Ink, and Paper.
THE Subscriptions were raised to cloath the Boys, and to bind them out Apprentices; but the Endowment being short of paying the Master, part of the Subscriptions are applied that Way.
THE School-house was provided by, and is repaired at, the Expence of the
Corporation.
THE Boys are supplied with Hose, and Shoes twice a-Year, (to wit)
Midsummer
and
Christmas,
and with a Coat, Shirts, Bands, and Cap, once a-Year only, at
Midsummer.
THE Anniversary Sermon is preached on the Sunday next after the 24th Day of
June,
being the Feast of St.
John Baptist.
THE School is to be governed by the Heir of Mr.
John Ord,
the
Mayor
of
Newcastle,
the
Vicar,
the Forenoon Lecturers of
All-hallows,
St.
John
's, and St.
Andrews,
and the Afternoon Lecturers of St.
Nicholas
and
All-hallows,
or any five of them, and they have the chusing of a
Master.
THE Rules and Orders for the better governing of the School, and directing the Choice of a Master, and his Qualifications, were made by Mr.
Ord
the Founder, and approved by Dr.
Thomlinson,
to whom he communicated his Thoughts from Time to Time by Letter, and those Letters, with the Doctor's Answers, are transcribed in the School-Books.
SUBSCRIBERS Names.
 
l.
s.
d.
LADY
Clavering
02
02
00
Mrs.
Swinbourn
01
00
00
George Grey,
Esq
01
00
00
John Bacon,
Esq
01
00
00
Thomas Ord.
Esq
01
00
00
Mr.
Charles Clarke
01
00
00
Mr.
Richard Coates,
by Will
01
00
00
Mr.
James Bell
01
00
00
The Lady of
Cuthbert Fenwick,
Esq
01
00
00
Mr.
James Ilderton
01
00
00
Mr.
George Anderson
01
00
00
Mr.
William Wharton
01
00
00
The Rev. Mr.
Fetherston-haugh
00
12
00
Mr.
Henry Wilkinson
00
10
00
Mr.
Ralph Fetherstone
00
10
00
Mr.
Anthony Proctor
00
10
00
Brought from the other Side
15
04
00
The Rev. Mr.
Edmund Lodge
00
05
00
The Rev. Mr.
James Ferne
00
05
00
Mr.
Thomas Milbourn
00
05
00
Mr.
Lionel Dixon
00
05
00
COMPANIES.
Bakers and Brewers
01
10
00
Taylors
01
00
00
Barber-Chirurgions
01
00
00
Sadlers
01
00
00
Plumbers and Glaziers,
&c.
01
00
00
Skinners
01
00
00
Cord wainers
01
00
00
Tanners
01
00
00
House-Carpenters
01
00
00
Rope-makers
01
00
00
Smiths
01
00
00
Joyners
01
00
00
Slaters
01
00
00
Butchers
01
00
00
Bricklayers
01
00
00
Hatters
01
00
00
Weavers
01
00
00
 
33
14
00
Sect. IV. St. MARY
's Hospital.
OPPOSITE to St.
John
's, on the other Side of the Street, is the Hospital of St.
Mary
the
Virgin,
which contains two Foundations, an Old one,
Lib. Cart.
and a New one; as they were call'd upon the Founding of the latter. The old one must have been founded, not many Years after the
Nunnery
of St.
Bartholomew,
which was founded by King
Henry
the First: For in a Charter granted by King
Henry
the Second, to the
Nuns
of St.
Bartholomew,
there is mention made of St.
Mary
's in this Town, as may be seen in our Account of
these Nuns.
But this Conjecture will be more confirm'd, if it be consider'd that a Charity was bestow'd on
this Hospital
by the Lord
Walter de Bolbeck,
(as is mention'd below) who,
Gib. Camb. p. 855.
as we are told, in a Charter dated the first Year of King
Stephen,
convey'd some Lands to the Church of
Winchester.
If this was the same
Walter
with him below, and there appears nothing to the contrary; then it is a strong Reason, that
this Hospital
was founded in King
Henry
the First's Reign. The latter
Hospital
and
Chapel,
were founded by one
Ego Aselack de Killynghowe fundavi Hospitale Sancta' Mariae Virginis & Capellam super Terram meam, in
Novo Castello
super Tynam, & ibi posui duos fratres regulares & unum Capellanum ad serviandum Deo & pauperibus; reddidi meipsum Deo & Beatae Mariae & Fratribus eju
dem Hospitalis ibidem Deo serventibus, ad Hospitandum Pauperes, & egenos Clericos, & Peregrinos transeuntes pro Salute animae. Patris mei, Matris meae, & omnium pertinentium, & pro salute animarum Omnium Hospitalis Benefactorum.
Lib. Cart.
Aselack
of
Killinghow
or
Killingworth,
as he himself acknowledges in his Charter for that Purpose: I
Aselack
of
Killinghowe
have founded the
Hospital
and
Chapel
of St.
Mary
the
Virgin,
upon my own Land, for
Two Brethren
to be
Regulars,
and one
Chaplain
to serve God and take Care of the Poor.
WE learn also from the same Charter, that the Founder devoted himself to God and Religion, as he himself says, (according to the Way of that Age) I render my self to God, and the Blessed Virgin
Mary;
and the Brethren of the same Hospital there serving God; to do Works of Hospitality to the Poor, the
Needy Clergy
and
Pilgrims.
And this, he says, he does for his own Soul,
St.
MARY
's Hospital.
for the Soul of his Father and Mother, and his other Relations; together with the Souls of all the
Benefactors
of the Hospital.
SOME of the Witnesses to this Foundation Charter, were
Gilbert,
Parson of
Eland, Richard,
Parson of
Standfordham, Waldon
Parson of
Newburne, Eustachius,
Parson of
Benton.
THE particular Time when it was founded can't be exactly learned; there being no Date at the Charter. But it is probable from a Charter of King
Richard
the First, that it was founded some little while before he began to Reign; for when he confirms the
Sciatis me dedisle & concessisse Domino & Sanctae Mariae & Sanctimonialibus de
Novo Castello,
pro salute Animae meae & antecessorum meorum,
Aselack Burgeum meum de Novo Castello,
&c. Lib. Cart.
Foundation of
Aselack,
he speaks of him as then living, otherwise he would not call him
his Burgess
of
Newcastle,
as he does in the Charter.
WE meet also with an Account of a Third Foundation belonging to this
Hospital,
which Account is this. The
Hospital
of our
Lady,
called
Westgate Spittle,
was founded by the Inhabitants of
Newcastle,
for a
Master
and
Chaplain
to say Divine Service for 6
Bede Folks
in the
Alms-house,
and to lodge
Poor
and
way-faring People,
and to
bury
such as hapned to die there, and to distribute yearly
Nine Chaldron
of
Coals
among poor People. The yearly Value of this was 33
l.
15
s. De Rebus Novocast'.
AFTER the founding of this
Hospital
and
Chapel,
there were several Donations and Charities bestowed upon it, as had been before upon the old one; some of the
Benefactors
of both which, and Masters among a large Number which might be mentioned, are these following.
Benefactors.
Mayors.
Other Witnesses.
Masters.
Robert de Heddon,
Clerk, gave by the Will and Consent of his Lord
Walter de Bolbec,
a yearly Sum, on Condition that the
Fraternity
would pray for the Souls of his Lord and his Ancestors; and also for his own Soul and his Ancestors: This was confirmed by the said Lord to this
Hospital.
It is no small Confirmation of the Conjecture above-mentioned, the Antiquity of this Hospital, from the Donation of
Walter de Bolbeck,
that there is no mention made here of the Mayor of
Newcastle;
which is a Proof that this Donation was before the Time of
Mayors,
and consequently that this
Hospital
was founded at the Time supposed,
Reginold de Benwell. John Morress.
And several others.
 
Julian,
Daughter of
Agnes Blanch,
gave a Charity to this
Hospital,
that her Soul and the Souls of her Ancestors might be pray'd for, and that she might be entit'led to a Lodging in the said Hospital when she came to Town.
Henry de Carliol,
Mayor, about the Year 1257, in the Reign of
Hen.
3d.
Adam Clerious. Thomas de Carliol John Flemmynge. John Sante.
Bailiffs of the Town.
Robert Lacy
was now Rector of the Hospital.
Martin Corman
gave a Messuage to it for the Sake of Charity, as he himself says in his Grant, and for the Sake of his Soul.
To this Writing was annexed the
Seal of the Town of
Newcastle, Henry
of
Carliol
being Mayor that Year,
which probably was the Year 1259, the 6th Year of his Mayoralty, for he was Mayor 10 years together.
Robert de Mitford,
who was probably one of the
Northumberland
Family of that Name, was Witness to this Deed; as was also
Adam de Blakedene.
 
Roger de Quintingham.
Nicholas Scott,
1269.
Gilbert de Tindale. Robert Scott.
 
Nicholas Essot.
Hugo de Carliol,
1292.
William de Oggel. Walter de Cowgate.
Hugo de Pandon Magister,
1292.
Robert Tunmbysiman
and
Matilda
his Wise.
Peter le Graper,
1305.
Nicholas Scott. Walter de Cowgate. Richard Emmelden.
Hugo de Pandon.
William Herringe.
Richard de Immelden.
Thomas de Morpeth.
James Magister,
1317.
THERE were a great many more BENEFACTORS which would be tedious to mention here, such as
Alan de Wylam, Alan de Gateside, John Porter, Thomas de Gosforth, Radulphus de Causi, William
Son of
Robert de Corbrigg, Gilbert de Mora, &c.
BESIDES the Masters already mentioned, I meet with one
Radulphus,
Master, but at what Time is not said.
SIMON
was Master 1251.
ANOTHER
Simon
was Master in the Year 1264.
ROBERT Lacy
being Master between them.
JOHN Norrys
was Master about the Year 1267.
JAMES,
Master 1333.
ROBERT Morden
was Master about the Year 1371.
WILLIAM de Burnham,
1401.
JOHN Colman,
1415.
JOHN Fitzherry
was Master about the Year 1444.
BOBERT Davell
was Master about the Year 1534.
JOHN Raynes
was Master 1575.
HENRY Dethick,
L. L. D. 1581.
HENRY Ewbank,
Clerk, 1590, he resign'd 1615,
Oct.
18.
EDWARD Wigham
was Master 1627.
JOHN Bewick
was Master 1669.
EDWARD
the Third sent Letters Patents to this
Hospital,
to Compensate for the Losses it had sustained by the frequent Incursions of the
Scots
in these Days; and therefore gave them Liberty to receive to the Value of a
hundred Shillings; tam in Feodo suo quam in alieno.
RICHARD de Bury
Bishop of
Durham,
granted a Confirmation of all Lands, Rents, Rights, Privileges,
&c.
belonging to St.
Mary
's in
Westgate;
it was given at
Gateside, Jan.
8, 1335, in the Second Year of his Consecration.
IN the Year 1444, when
William Harding
was Mayor, we have an Account of the Things belonging to this Hospital, some of which were as follows.
Imprimis, Tres Calices Deaurati,
&c.
THREE
Chalices
gilded with Gold, one
intire Vestment
of Bloody Velvet, woven about with
Goldon Fringe,
with one
Cap,
one
Casule,
three
Albs,
for the Principal
Festivals.
ALSO one
Cap
of Cloth of Gold of red Colour, wrought with Golden Images, with one
Casule,
three
Albs.
Item,
One
Cap,
of a Black Colour, woven with
Dragons
and
Birds
in Gold.
Item,
One
Single Vestment
wrought in with
Peacocks
with a
Corporal
belonging to the same.
Item,
Another
Single Vestment
for the Priest, only of White, border'd about with Roses, and with a
Corporal
belonging to it.
Item,
another
Single Vestment
for the
Presbyter
of a Bloody Colour, with a
Corporal
belonging to the same.
Item,
another
Vestment
for the
Presbyter
of Cloth of Gold.
Item,
another
Vestment
of Cloth of Gold interwoven with Leopards and Birds.
Item,
One
Hood
or
Cap,
one
Casule,
one
Alb,
with a
Stole.
Item,
One
Single Vestment
for one
Priest
in the Hands of
John Fitzherry
the present Master.
Item,
One
Single Vestment
for the Priest of St.
Nicholas.
Item,
One
Hood.
Item,
A Cover of Bloody Velvet for a
Sepulchre.
Item,
Two
Casules,
the middle Part of the
Casule
of white Colour.
ALSO one
Hood
of a red Colour for an Ornament to the
Altar
of St.
Nicholas.
ALSO TWO
Linen Cloaths
of a red Colour for the Side Ornament of the
Altar.
ALSO One
Frontale
of
Sathan
of a Bloody Colour, woven with golden Images for the
Altar.
Item,
One
Quadrigessimal
Vale of Linen Cloth of white Colour, with a red Cross below in the same.
Item,
One
Table
set apart as an Ornament for the
Linen
of the
Altar.
Item,
One
Table
gilded, with the Image of the blessed Virgin
Mary.
Item,
Two
Tables
with the
Pax,
one of them gilded and beset with precious Stones,
&c.
IN the 24th of the Reign of Queen
Elizabeth,
the Hospital of St.
Mary
in
Westgate,
and St.
Mary Magdalene
without
Pilgrim-street-gate,
were granted to
Theophilus Adams
and
James Woodshaw,
under the yearly Rent of 3
s.
4
d.
IN the 9th of King
James
the First, a Charter was granted for the Hospital of St.
Mary
the Virgin.
THE
Grammar-School
of this Town, which is now at
West-spittle,
was originally founded by
Thomas Horsly,
who was
Mayor
of
Newcastle,
in the Year of our Lord 1525. By his last Will he devised all his Lands in
Newcastle,
after the Death of him and his Wife, to erect a
Grammar-School,
which was to be free for any one within and without the Town, in the Manner directed by the said Will.
BUT in the Year 1559 it was removed from St.
Nicholas
's Church-yard, (from that House which is on the North Side of the Church, over that Place where the
Privy
now is,
M. S.
Milbank.
where it had been from the Time of it's Institution) to the
West-spittle.
The Reason of which was this, Queen
Elizabeth
ordained and granted, that within this Town of
Newcastle,
and the Liberties thereof, there should be erected, and for ever there be, one
Free Grammar School,
which should be a
Free Grammar-School
of Queen
Elizabeth
in
Newcastle,
and should consist of one
Master
and
Scholars,
to be instructed in the same, and that they, the
Master
and
Scholars
of the same, should for ever be
one Body Corporate in Law, Fact,
and
Name,
by the
Master
and
Scholars
of the
Free Grammar-School,
of Queen
Elizabeth
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, &c.
and by that Name should have perpetual Succession, and should be in perpetual Times to come able and capable in the Law, of having, purchasing,
&c.
Lands, Tenements,
&c.
to them and their Successors, in Fee-simple, or for Term of Years, so they exceed not the yearly Value of 40
l.
and so they were not holden of the
said Queen,
her Heirs and Successors in chief, nor by
Knight-Service.
And that the
Mayor
and
Burgesses
of
Newcastle,
and their Successors, or the greater Part of them,
&c.
should have Power to make an honest, learned and discreet Man to be the First and
Modern Usher
in the said School, there to continue during the good Pleasure of the said
Mayor
and
Burgesses, &c.
and that if the said
Master
and
Usher
should die or leave the said School,
&c.
then they might chuse other Men to be
Master
and
Usher, &c.
IT is very probable that the Town of
Newcastle,
who always presented a
Master
to this
Hospital,
as it did to St.
Mary Magdalen
's and St.
Thomas
the
Martyr
upon
Tyne-Bridge,
did at this Time make the Master of the
Grammar-School,
Master also of the Hospital.
Grey
tells us, that the
first Master
of the
head School,
was the Rev. Master
Robert Fowberry,
a learned and painfull Man, to indoctrinate Youth in Greek and Latin: To be sure he was the first Master after the Removing of the
School
to the
West-spittle.
For undoubtedly there were Masters before that, as the School was so much earlier founded; And accordingly in the Manuscript above-mentioned, 'tis said, that when Mr.
Burras
gave over the the
Free-School
in St.
Nicholas
Church-yard, the Mayor and 24 more sent for Mr.
Fowberry
to
Hull,
and he came and first taught in the
Writing-School,
until the
Chapel
of St.
Mary
's
Hospital
was made into a
School-house,
and the
Election-house
was at the East-end of it, which had been the
Vestry;
But Sir
George Selby
who was then
Mayor,
set up his Arms on the
East-Window,
made a
Traverse
over it, and sent to
London
for 24
Chairs
of
Mustinie Leather,
and there is the Election, tho' the Mayor lays down his Staff in the
old School.
THE Masters of this
Hospital
and
School
since
Robert Fowberry,
M. A. 1599, are
EDWARD Wigham,
Clerk.
FRANCIS Grey,
Clerk, 1630.
Walk.
Suff. Clergy.
AMOR Oxley
had the Free-School of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
in the Time of the
Great Rebellion,
and was both Sequestred and Plunder'd.
NICHOLAS Hall,
B. D. 1649.
JOHN Bewick,
Clerk, 1669.
RICHARD Garthwaite,
M. A. 1671.
JOHN Cotterell,
M. A. 1690.
THOMAS Rud,
M. A. 1699. now Rector of
Washington,
in the County of
Durham.
JAMES Jurin,
M. A. 1709/10; now M. D. and F. R. S.
THE present Master of this
Hospital
is the Rev. Dr.
Thomlinson,
D. D. Prebendary of St.
Paul
's in
London,
and Rector of
Whickham
in the County of
Durham,
near
Newcastle
upon
Tyne;
who is also Master of the
Chapel
of St.
Thomas
the
Martyr,
upon the Bridge-end, and the
Hospital
of St.
Mary Magdalen,
at the
Barras-bridge.
He became Master in the Year, 1715. The present Master of the School is the Rev. Mr.
Edmund Lodge,
who has under him Two Ushers; the Rev. Mr.
James Ferne,
and the Rev. Mr.
George Carr.
The three last mentioned Gentlemen have each of them Appartments where the Hospital was; which is a pleasing Situation, and in some of the best Air of this Town. There is also in this Place a
Writing-School,
erected by the Town for the Children of
Freemen:
The present Master, Mr.
Henry Benson,
has also an Appartment here.
THE Town allows to the Master 50 Pounds
per Annum.
TO the first Usher 35 Pounds
per Annum.
TO the second Usher 32 Pounds 10 Shillings
per Annum.
THE Writing Master is allowed 35 Pounds
per Annum.
THIS Town allows to every one who goes from the
Grammar-School,
to either University, 5 Pounds
per Annum.
IN our
Lady
's Chapel, which still carrys it's Name along with it, having the Effigies of the
Virgin Mary,
with her Son upon her Knees, at the East-end of it, is now the Place of
Electing Mayors, Aldermen, Sheriffs,
and the other Officers of the Town, and is therefore now called the
Election-House;
but formerly the Mayor was chosen in the
Writing-School.
This is constantly done the
Monday after Michaelmas Day,
which is therefore in this Town called
Michaelmas Monday.
Sect. V. EARL
of
WESTMORELAND
's House.
NEXT to St.
Mary
's, on the same Side of this Street, is a very old Building, which was lately the Dwelling-house of Sir
Robert Shaftoe,
Kt .
Recorder of this Town,
now the Property and Dwelling-house of Mr.
Charles Clark,
Junr . It has the Magnificence and Grandure of Antiquity in it's Looks, but what it has been formerly I could never find out.
Grey
tells us, That in this Street the Earl of
Westmoreland
had his House, which indeed is true. It was built by the Baron of
Bywell
and
Bolbeck,
about the 9th of
Edward
the Third. Much about the same Time he built a House within the Bounds of the
Castle,
for the Defence of it, as may be seen in our Account of the
Castle.
This House in
Westgate
was called
Bolbeck-Hall;
but afterwards, upon it's Founder's being created
Earl,
which was in the Reign of
Richard
the Second, in the Year 1398, when
Ralph Nevil,
Lord of
Raby
was created
Earl Marshall,
it got the Name of
Westmoreland-Place
in
Wesgate.
Some have conjectured, that Sir
Robert Shafto
's House, above-mentioned, was part of it, and indeed it looks much liker a Part of such a Building,
E. Westmorland
's house.
than any other Thing remaining thereabouts. I am sure much more so than the House which is supposed to have been it, which I am told was the House opposite to the West End of
Denton-Chair,
which the Rev. Mr.
Cowling
lately lived in, and which belongs to Mr.
Ord.
HOWEVER, be this as it will, whether it was this House now mentioned, or whether
Westmoreland-Place
reached from this House to Sir
Robert Shafto
's, including it, which some have conjectured; yet this is certain, that it must have been hereabouts: for
Nevil Tower
is directly behind this Piece of Ground we are speaking of, which is a sure Token this must be the very Place, because, whoever in the Town built a Tower at their own Expence, it was generally nigh them for their own Security. Thus the
White-Fryers;
the Brethren of St.
Mary
's Hospital; the Brethren of St.
Austin,
&c. Built their Towers over against their
Monasteries,
for their own Safe-guard and Security. But what I think puts it out of Dispute, that Sir
Robert Shafto
's House was no Part of it, is that in the Eleventh of Queen
Elizabeth,
upon the Attainder of
Charles,
Earl of
Westmoreland,
this House where Mr.
Cowling
lived, was in Charge, which the other never was, before the Auditors; and in the Third of
Charles
the First, was sold to the Citizens of
London.
Lib. de rebus Novocast.
IT was afterwards in the Tenure of
James Bertram,
and after that in the Tenure of
Robert Bertram.
OPPOSITE to this House, is a Chair or Lane, called
Denton
-Chair, which leads into the
Groat-Market, Middle-street,
&c.
THIS Street is continued 'till you come to the Street leading Westward to the
Postern,
and Eastward to the
Back-raw:
From thence the Street changes it's Name, and is called
Tuthill,
'till you come to the
Tuthill Stairs,
which lead into the
Close.
Sect. VI. BAILIFF GATE.
ON the East-Side of this Street, is a Street facing the West-side of the
Castle,
called
Bailiff Gate,
which is said to have got it's Name from the Coming of the
Fellons,
of the County of
Northumberland,
along that Street attended by the County Bailiffs. They came, as is said, to the
Westgate,
then down an old Way, close by the Out-side of the
Town-Wall,
and so in at the
White-Fryer Gate,
from whence they went along
Bailiff Gate,
and so were conveyed in at the
Postern-Gate,
on the West-Side of the
Castle,
opposite to this Street of
Bailiff Gate.
This is only Traditional, and has been therefore deny'd by the Town of
Newcastle. Grey
's Account is, That at this Gate the Prisoners were brought in, who were taken in Times of Hostility with
Scotland,
and carry'd from thence privately into the Castle, where the Goal for the County is now.
THE same Author also tells us, that this Street of
Bailiff Gate,
formerly belonged to the
Castle
and County of
Northumberland.
But I imagine, had this been true, the
King
would long ago have had his Right. The Town of
Newcastle
indeed has sometimes been made uneasy about that,
Bailiff-gate.
but still had it surer fixed to her, as her undoubted property.
IN the Year 1649, the Year after the King was beheaded, there was a Survey taken of
Bailiff Gate,
&c.
IN the Year following,
April
25th, 1650, an Order was sent down for annulling and vacating the Survey made,
&c.
which was as follows;
25th
April,
1650. At the Committee of Parliament in removing Obstructions, in the Sale of the Honours,
&c.
of the late
King, Queen,
and
Prince.
WHEREAS
the Mayor, Burgesses, and other the Inhabitants of the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, did prefer their Petition unto this Committee, complaining, that certain Persons employed for the Common Wealth, have returned a Survey to their Trustees, for Sale of the late King's Lands, of and concerning divers Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments within the said Town of
Newcastle,
and Precincts thereof, to the Value of
2000 l. 3 s. 4 d. per Annum,
for which they have paid only a Fee Farm Rent to the Crown; and in which the Petitioners declare, they had an indoubted Inheritance: Further complaining, that the Premisses in Question, were
not in the Possession of the Crown,
Anno
1635,
neither was there returned any special Matter in the Survey, whereby to entitle the late King to the same: The Petitioners being the
undoubted Proprietors and Owners of the Things in Question.
And whereas upon reading of the said Petition, and the Certificate of the Trustees and Survey, made in pursuance of an Order of this Committee, grounded upon the said Petition, and the hearing of this Cause this Day before the Committee, concerning the Premisses in Question, in the Presence of Council for the Common Wealth, as also the Council in behalf of the said Town: The Council in behalf of the Common Wealth did acknowledge,
that the said Survey was returned without any just Grounds:
And forasmuch as
the Council for the said Town of
Newcastle
were ready to produce their Charters and Evidences,
whereby to make it evidently appear, that the Inheritance of the Premisses in Question,
have been for 300 Years and upwards in the Possession of the Petitioners and their Predecessors.
It is therefore this Day order'd by the Committee, that the Original Survey returned of divers Messuages, Lands and Tenements, and Hereditaments, within the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and Precincts thereof, held by the said Town, now remaining with the Trustees, Surveyor, and Register, for Sale of the said Lands,
be annull'd and void;
and is hereby vacated, and that no further Sale, or other Proceedings he had, or made thereupon; and that an Entrance of this Order be made upon the said Survey, and a Memorandum be made thereupon: That the said Survey is vacated, to the Intent that the
Mayor, Burgesses,
and other Inhabitants of the said Town of
Newcastle,
may not for the Future be questioned or molested concerning the Premisses mentioned in the said Survey; and the Transcript of this Order be likewise entred with the said Trustees, and Contracters for Sales of the said Lands.
JAMES CHALONER,
NATH. RICH.
JOHN GARLAND,
THO. LISTER,
JO. JONES.
AT the East-End of this Street, upon the Right Hand, is a Way to the
Long Stairs,
which lead into the
Close,
and on the left you go to the
Side,
and St.
Nicholas
Church,
&c.
THE South Side of this Street is mostly the Property of Mr.
Joshua Douglas.
White-fryers.
Sect. VII.
LOWER down a little, almost at the End of the Street, on that same Side of the Street, where are the Houses of
George Grey,
Esq
Mr.
Anderson, &c.
was the House of the
Carmelites,
or
White Fryers.
THE
Carmelites
are so named from Mount
Carmel
in
Syria:
They were first brought into
England
by
Ralph Freeborne,
and by him placed near
Alnwick,
at a Place called
Holm
in a Wilderness; which was in his Opinion likest to Mount
Carmel
in
Syria,
the Place they came from. The first Provincial of this Order was
Ralph Freeborne
himself, who began his Rule in the Year 1240, and ruled 14 Years. He lies buried at
Alnwick.
Fuller's
Hist.
of Abbies.
Speed.
THis Monastery was founded by King
Edward
the First, and dedicated to St.
Mary.
I have met with little else relating to them, except that they were a Prior, seven Fryers, and two Novices, and that they surrendred
Jan.
10th, 30th of
Henry
the Eighth: It was valued at 9
l.
11
s.
4
d.
THERE are not now the least remains of this
Priory
to be seen, except a small Part of the ancient Building facing the
White-Fryer Tower Walls.
KING
Henry
the Third, by his Letters Patents, dated the 20th of
November,
in the 51st Year of his Reign, at the Instance of
Robert de Bruce, dedit Fratribus de Penitentia, I Christi quandam Placeam Vocatam
Constable Calgarth,
in Villa
Novicastri
super
Tinam,
& quae contigua erat Clauso & Placeae Dictorum Fratrum in eadem Villa.
THIS Place called
Calgarth,
which the above-mentioned King gave to the Brethren of the Pennance of Jesus Christ; otherwise called Brethren of the Sack, was supposed by Sir
John Fenwick,
to be in the Close of the
White-Fryers,
late in the Holding of Sir
Ralph Delaval,
then called by the Name of
Domus Fratrum de Penetentia I Christi.
P. 13. de Reb. Nov.
FROM the
White-Fryery,
this Street leads to the
Tuthill Stairs,
which is a Passage into the Street called the
Close.
CHAP. V.
NEWGATE-STREET. Of the upper and higher Parts of this Street, towards the
North.
T HE old Part of
Newgate,
together with that Part of the
Wall,
leading as far as
Ever-Tower,
being visibly older than the other Towers, and the Rest of the Wall; is a sure Sign that when the Walls were began, this Part of the Town was then inhabited.
IT is probable that hereabouts was the ancient
Monkchester,
where the
Monks
and religious Men inhabited. This appears from a Place in this Street,
viz. That Row of Houses
which stands almost in the Middle of the Street, called to this Day the
Huckster
's
Booths:
For the People who dwelt in these Houses, were
Hucksters,
and supplied the Religious Houses with Provisions. There is a Tradition still among the Inhabitants of this Part of the Town, That in old Times there were many Markets between the
Newgate
and the
White-Cross;
nay, some of them, according to the Tradition they have received, will Point out the
very Ground
where such and such
Markets
were.
NOW this, I think, is a sufficient Proof that these Upper Parts of the Town were first inhabited by the
Monks,
the Lower Parts, as far as the
Castle Yard,
were the Habitations of the
Town's People:
The
Castellum,
or Fortification having been thereabouts, from the Beginning of
Hadrian
's Wall, as we are inform'd, by a
Mr.
Horsely
of
Morpeth,
who dy'd a few Months ago, a little before the publishing of his
Romana Britannia,
the Book referr'd to.
This Gentleman was of he was of the Publick
Grammar-School
of this town, and afterwards studied in one of the Scotch Colleges. He was Master of Arts there, and Fellow of the
Royal Society.
He is supposed to have been equally Knowing with any in his Time, in the
British Roman Antiquities. Rom. Britt. 132.
late ingenious Author.
He says there must have been a
Station in this Town,
for these Reasons: If we consider the Importance of this Place, it's Distance from the first Station at the End of the Wall, and the Turns the Wall makes, (especially at the East Side of the Town) in Order to it's passing through the Heart of it; we can scarce Question but there has been a Station here: And it's old Name of
Monk-Chester
seems to put it out of Doubt. The former Part of the Name is taken from the Settlement of the
Monks
in this Place, and the latter Part from the Word
Castra,
which is a pretty sure Mark of a Station: Besides the Name
Newcastle,
(given first to the Castle it self, and then to the Town) has been thought to imply (as in other Instances) that there was an old
Vid. Chap.
of the
Castle.
Castle or Fort there before, and near the Place where the
new One
was erected. And as this
Newcastle
was built by
Robert,
Son of
William
the Conqueror, the
old Castle
must have been undoubtedly
Roman.
And some Years ago, a Coin of
Vespasian
was found near the Castle, as I was told by the Person himfelf that found it.
THE same learned Author goes on thus: The next Thing is to determine the Boundaries and Situation of this Station, which I persuade my self may be done. I hinted before that there was a Traditionary Account of the Walls passing through St.
George
's Porch, near the North West Corner of St.
Nicholas
Church. But it is certain that the Line of the Wall lies a little to the North of this End of the Church, and I think has not touched this Porch, tho' it comes near it. And therefore I conjecture, that the Wall which has passed through this Porch, must have been the East Rampart of the Station; for the Supposition will reconcile these seemingly differing Accounts: And if a Line be erected Perpendicular to that of
Severius
's Wall, so as to pass thro' that Porch, and be continued along the Brow of the Hill, at the Head of the Side, 'till it meet the Line of
Hadrian
's
Vallum,
near the East End of
Balygate,
and not far from the Castle. This Line seems to answer so well in Respects, that I cannot much Doubt it's having been the Eastern Limits of the ancient Station: For this brings the Station near to the Castle, which probably has been built a little more to the South East, in order to bring it nearer to the Top of a Steep Hill. And fixing the Eastern Boundary of the Station here, leaves a Plain and Level Area for the Station it self, and without it, a Descent towards the South and the River, for the Town to stand upon, which might extend it self to the Bridge, supposing the ancient Bridge to be near the same Place where the present one stands: From which Bridge the ancient Town and Station might probably take the Name of
Pons-Aelii
This Eastern Boundary of the Station must at that Time have been nearer the River, than it is now now; since 'tis certain, that the River formerly flowed farther up towards this Part of the Town. The Position of the Eastern Rampart of the Station being thus determined, the other Boundaries may be also defined; for the Distance here between the Lines of the Walls seems to be about six Chains; and it is not much to be questioned, but the two Walls here, (as in other Cases they frequently did) have fallen in with the Northern and Southern Ramparts of the Station; so that these six Chains have been the Breadth of the Station. And if we suppose the Station to have been of a middle Size, we must make it a Square, and allow six Chains for the length of it. If at this Distance another Line be drawn equal and Parallel to the former, and between the Lines of the Wall, it will be the Western Boundary of the Station, as the two respective Parts of the two Walls make the Northern and Southern Limits. And upon this Supposition, a Line drawn from the Foot of the
Flesh-market
to
Baily-gate,
near the east End of it, will be the Eastern Limits of the ancient Station. That Part of the
Vallum
which reaches from
Baily-gate
to Mr.
Ord
's House, will be the Southern Limit; and a Line drawn from hence, to that Part of the Line of
Severus
's Wall, which is about thirty Yards East from the End of
Rosemary-lane,
must be the Western Boundary, and the Part of
Severus
's Wall included between this and the Foot of the
Flesh-market,
remains for the Line of the Northern Rampart.
Sect. I.
Of
St. ANDREW'S CHURCH.
NIGH to
Newgate,
on the West-side of the Street, is St.
Andrews Church.
This is questionless the oldest Church of this Town, not only from it's Situation, which is that Part where was principally the ancient
Monkchester;
St.
Andrew
's Church.
but also from the Model and Fashion of it's building, it appearing in these Things older than the others.
De Reb. Novocast'.
IT is supposed to have been built by one of the Kings of
Scotland. David
King of
Scots
is mention'd in particular as it's Founder; but for what Reason I know not. Indeed, that
David,
who dy'd in the Year 1153, was a great Benefactor to
Churches
and
Religious Houses,
and he is said in particular to have founded in this Town
Collier Eccles.
two
Religious Houses,
but there is not a Word of his being the Founder of St.
Andrew
's, which in all Probability would as soon have been taken Notice of, and handed down to Posterity, had it been true; as the Building of two
Religious Houses.
But besides, if St.
Andrew
's be the oldest Church in this Town, and this I think ought to be allowed for the Reasons already given, as also from the constant Tradition of it's being so, then it is undoubtedly older than St.
Nicholas
's, and if so, it must have been built before the Time of
Henry
the First; for St.
Nicholas
's was built in that Reign, at latest; and therefore it will follow, that this Church of St.
Andrew
's was built before
David
King of
Scots
was born.
I am therefore rather inclinable to believe, that it was founded by the
Town's People,
and the
Religious Houses,
which at that Time of Day were chiefly in those higher Parts of the Town.
THERE were three
Chanteries
belonging to this Church; one of which was dedicated to our
Lady,
which was of the Yearly Value of 6
l.
12
s.
10
d.
No Deed of Foundation is shewed, but however it must at least have been founded in the Reign of
Edward
the First; for in the latter End of that Reign, in a Charter which one
Roger Amyas
granted to one
Stephen
—, it is ordered, that he shall have such a particular
Booth
for the Term of 30 Years: Provided he pay so much to the
Tyne Bridge,
and to the
Altar
of St.
Mary
in the
Church
of St.
Andrew
's in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
IT had a House of
Seven Shillings
per Annum belonging to it; it abutted on the North, next to the
New-gate
and on the East on the
High-street,
on the West on St.
Andrew
's Church-yard, and on the South on a Tenement, which in the Nineteenth Year of the Reign of Queen
Elizabeth
belonged to
Robert Hallyman.
THERE belonged also to this
Chantery
a House, and a Rig lying in the Croft, value 6
s.
8
d.
ANOTHER was the Chantery of the
Trinity,
which was of the yearly Value of 4
l.
2
s.
10
d.
There is no Deed of Foundation to be seen of it; But however to give some Account of it's Founder, it may not be amiss to Copy what I writ a few Years ago on Parchment, and presented to the Church of St.
Andrew
's.
To the Rev. Mr.
John Ellison,
Minister,
And
To the Church-Wardens of St.
ANDREW's
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
Mr.
Christopher Rutter,
Mr.
Fenwick Lambert,
Mr.
Thomas Shevil.
Mr.
Percival Bell.
GENTLEMEN,
I Had the Curiosity lately to search among the Old Writings in your Vestry, for that famous
Indulgence,
which is said to have been
Vid. Grey. p. 12.
granted to your Church by the Pope for
Nine thousand Years to come;
but found no such Thing.
THERE is however another Indulgence which discovers a Piece of Antiquity, relating to your Church, which I chused to acquaint you with in this Manner, that the ancient Name of a Part of your Church, now worn out of the Memories of our
Towns-men,
and almost intirely lost, might again be brought to light.
THIS Indulgence was granted in the Reign of King
Richard
the Second, in the Year 1392, an Age in which Indulgencies were common, and when they were of Particular Service towards the Building or repairing of Churches. For at that Time of Day, when the Building, or repairing, or adorning of a Church was requisite, an Indulgence was granted for such a Term of Years or Days, to all such as would be assisting in the Things aforesaid; by which Means many Churches have been built, repair'd and beautified, and accordingly this Indulgence of yours was granted partly for the same End, that the Church of St.
Andrew
's might be kept in sufficient Repair: For it promises an Indulgence or Pardon for
Qui ad reparationem, seu ornamentum sive emendationem Ecclesiae Sancti Andreae villae Novocastri super Tynam, lin. 50 Indul. — Quadraginta dies Indulgentiae concedimus.
40 Days to every one, who shall contribute towards the repairing or beautifying of the Church of St.
Andrews
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne;
and then follows the Antiquity design'd.
THAT whoever
Ac Capellae Sanctae Trinitatis in parte Aquilonari ejusdem Ecclesiae aurum argentum, &c. Lin. 60 Indulg'.
offers or sends, or Causes to be sent to the
Chapel of the Holy Trinity in the Northern Part of the same Church,
either Gold, Silver, Vestments, Books, Chalices, or any other Ornaments, which are wanting to the aforesaid
Chapel,
or
Altar,
or Image of the
Holy Trinity,
which is in the same Chapel. — Or who shall fall down upon their Knees before the
Image
of the
Holy Trinity,
aforesaid, and pray for the Health of Sir
Adam de Athol,
Knt as long as he lives, and for his Soul after his Decease, and for the Soul of the Lady
Mary
his Wife, whose Body lies buried in the same
Chapel
of the
Holy Trinity,
shall, as often as they perform those Things, or any of the Things before-mention'd, have the Benefit of a
Forty Days Indulgence.
NOW from this it is observable, that that waste Place in the
Northern Isle,
which opens into the Quire must be the
Chapel
here spoken of. For there lies the Body of Sir
Adam
's
Wife,
which is said in the Indulgence to be buried in the
Et pro Anima Dominae Mariae sponsae suae cujus Corpus in eadem Capella sanctae Trinitatis Qutescit.
Lin. 9. Indulg.
Chapel of the Holy Trinity;
as also the Body of Sir
Adam
himself. The Building itself is after the Manner of Chapels, which were added to parish Churches; and it is still observable, that at the Top of the North Window in the Chapel there seems to be a Picture of the Holy Trinity, represented according to the Superstition of these Times by the face of
an old Man, our Saviour upon the Cross,
and the Figure of a
Dove;
it having been always Customary in these Times, not only to have the
Image of the Saint
set up to whom the Church was dedicated, but also to adorn the Windows with it.
I am of Opinion, that Sir
Adam de Athol
himself was the Founder of this Chapel, and my Reasons for it are these,
1st, It was customary formerly for People of better Figure, to build a small Chapel, at a convenient Part of their parish Church, that they might have a convenient Place to Worship God in, or that it might be a burial Place for them and their Families. Now it is evident, that this Chapel of the
Holy Trinity
is such a one. For if you suppose the Chapel away, the Church itself will appear exactly uniform; which shews the
Chapel
has been added to the Church; and as Sir
Adam
and his
Lady
are buried in it, is pretty clear that They were the Founders. It may also be presumed, that
He
built it, because it seems to have been built when Sir
Adam
liv'd: For it is said in the Indulgence to want Books, Chalices, Vestments,
&c.
which implies it, at that Time, to have been
a new Chapel.
And besides, Indulgences were granted towards the adorning of Churches or Chapels, immediately after they were built. This Chapel was therefore built a little before the granting of this Indulgence, which was when Sir
Adam
was living. And as his Wife was then dead and buried in this Chapel; so she seems to have been the first that was buried in it, and consequently her Husband must have built it.
BUT my last Reason, I think, makes it amount to a Demonstration. It may be observed in all Indulgences of this Kind, that it was not only requir'd of the People to offer Church Ornaments, but also to put up Prayers for the Founder. Thus for Instance; in an Indulgence granted in the Reign of King
Henry the Eighth
for the Repairing and Maintaining of the Church and Convent at
Kirby Belers
in the County of
Leicester,
it was not only required that Money should be given, but that they should also say a
Stavely
Ch. Hist.
pa. 100.
Pater Noster
with an
Ave
for the Souls of Sir
Roger Beler
and
Alyce
his Wife, Founder and Foundress.
NOW from hence it is plain, that Sir
Adam
and his
Lady
must have been the Founder and Foundress of this Chapel, because they alone are mentioned in this Indulgence, and Prayers were to be put up for them, as they were for Sir
Roger
and his Lady just now mentioned.
THUS I think I have found out the ancient Name of your Chapel, and who was the Founder it. It may perhaps be somewhat Satisfactory to those who are curious in those Things, may retrieve the antient Name of your Chapel, and establish the deserved Remembrance of it's Founder. But be this as it will; as I have only these Things in View in making these Observations; so I hope you'll be so good as to accept of them, and allow them a Place among the Parchments of your Church.
I am, Gentlemen, Your most humble Servant,
Henry Bourne.
Silver-street,
Oct. 27. 1726.
THE Indulgence on which these Observations are founded are granted by
Oswald,
the Bishop of
Candida casa,
which is in
Gallaway
in
Scotland;
it is dated at
York
1392, the 12th Year of his Consecration.
THE 3d
Chantery
belonging to this Church was dedicated to St.
Thomas.
This I learn from an Account I have met with of a House in this Street, which is said to have belonged to the
Chantery
of St.
Thomas,
in the Church of St.
Andrew
's.
IT bounder'd on the West by St.
Andrew
's Church end, and on the North by a
House,
which in the Reign of Q.
Elizabeth
was in the Possession of
Richard Atkinson,
and on the East by the
High-street,
and on the South against the
Church-Style.
It was valued at ten Shillings per Annum.
THAT there was such a Chantery in St.
Andrew
's (notwithstanding the two former are supposed to be all belonging to this Church) is further evident, because I meet also with an Account which says, that the Chantery of St.
Thomas
in St.
Andrew
's, had an Orchard belonging to it, which paid a yearly Rent of Three Shillings and Four Pence to it; but where it stood is not mentioned. It was occupied by Sir
Robert Brandlin.
THAT there were Lands belonging to the Chantery of St.
Mary
in this Church, which were situated in this Street, is certain. But where to fix them at this Time of Day is pretty Difficult. But wherever they were situated, there was an House situated near them, which paid to the
Priory
of
Hexham
Six Shillings per Annum.
THIS is mention'd when
Rowland
was Prior, in the Year 1490, in the Reign of
Henry
the 7th.
De Reb. Novocast'.
I meet with no account of the Lands belonging to the Chantery of the
Trinity,
except that of an House, situated in a Place called
le Cow-garth
in this
Newgate-street,
which paid one Shilling per Annum to this Chantery, and a Tenement in
Westgate
which paid 4
s.
4
d.
THE Altar of this Church is very pretty and decent, it was beautified a few Years ago at the Charge of the Parish.
THERE is at the
West-end
of this Church a
Beautiful
Gallery, which was built in the Year 1711, at the Charge of the Parish. In the Year 1726, the
Old Porch
was taken down, and the present one built,
Mr.
Christopher Rutter
Mr.
Fenwick Lambert
Church-wardens.
Mr.
Thomas Shevil
Mr.
Percival Bell Church-wardens.
IN the Year 1726, the old Bells were taken down, and the present 6 were procured by a Collection made in the Town for them. The
Corporation
gave towards them 50
l.
They are exceeding Tunable, and have a soft melodious Sound.
THE
Floor
of the Body and the Isles of this Church, were flagg'd in the Year 1707, which before they never had been.
BURIED
in this
CHURCH.
In the Chancel, near The Altar.
JAMES Ogle
of
Causey-Park,
Esq
upon whose Tomb-stone, which is of Marble, is the following Inscription.
Hic Jacet Jacobus Ogle de Causey-Park in Comitatu Northumb. Armiger. Antiquitate Domus, Ut pote ex prenobili Baronia Ogle, de Ogle Stirpe Recta Linea Oriundus, vere clarus; Sed invicta in perduelles, Grassentibus nuperis Civilibus Bellis, animi Magnitudine, Constantia in Regem etiam in Tristissimo Authoritatis Deliquio Fidelitate in Superiores Observantia, in Pace Comitate, in Inferiores Benignitate, quae omnia Justissimo Titulo sua vocare poterat, Multo Illustrior. Obij Dec. 4 die Anno
que
Dom. 1664.
THOMAS Harrison,
Barber Surgeon, who died
Feb.
24th, 1679.
THOMAS Bednel,
14
July,
1701.
CHRISTOPHER Barker, Octob.
26, 1718.
ROBERT Tod, Oct.
5, 1730.
In
TRINITY-CHAPEL.
SIR
Adam de Athol,
and his Wife
Mary,
under a very large Stone; which has originally been plated very curiously with Brass. The Remains of their Effigies are still to be seen. He is pictured at length in Armour, having a Sword on his left Side, and a Dagger on his Right. Her Effigies hath no thing remaining of it, but from the Shoulders upwards. The Arms of both their Families are still to he seen on the Tomb-stone.
WHAT remains of the
Inscription,
is this,
Hic Jacent Dominus
Adamarus
de
Atholl,
Miles, &
D'na Maria,
Uxor ejus quae obiit Quarto decimo Die Mensis
—
Anno Domini Millesimo Tricentesimo
—
Animarum propitietur.
THE remaining Part of the Date is broken of: However
Grey,
in his Account of this Stone, tells us, It was in the Year 1387, which is very probably the Time that his Wife died; for it is a Mistake that he died then, as appears by the Indulgence above-mentioned.
JOSHUA Twizell, June
23d, 1718.
THOMAS Winship,
Tanner,
September
2d, 1695.
CHRISTOPHER Rutter,
Baker and Brewer,
March
17th, 1714.
MRS.
Elizabeth Davison,
Mother of Mr.
Thomas Davison, January
20th, 1724, aged 84 Years.
NICHOLAS Fenwick,
Merchant, 14th
December,
1725.
MR.
John Dawson,
Taylor.
MRS.
Barbara Davison, January
8th, 1730.
NORTH ISLE.
ROBERT Mills,
House-Carpenter.
SOUTH ISLE.
DOROTHY Harrison, May
27th, 1702.
LEGACIES
left to the
POOR
of the Parish of St.
ANDREWS.
LEFT by Sir
William Blackett,
Bar't, One Thousand Pounds, the Profits,
&c.
of the Whole, in three Parts, equally to be divided, and yearly to be disposed off at
Christmas,
as followeth,
viz.
ONE third Part to binding of Apprentices to Trades.
ONE other third Part to poor House-holders.
THE remaining other Third to a School-Master to teach 30 Children.
 
l.
s.
d.
LEFT by Madam
Margaret Allgood,
in Moneys, now in the Hands of Mr.
John Ord,
the Sum of
100
00
00
PAYING yearly to the Church-Wardens at
Christmas
the Sum of
006
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Thomas Davison,
to be yearly paid in
December,
out of the Merchant's Company
001
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Timothy Davison,
to be yearly paid at
Christmas,
for 15 poor Freemen or Widows, not Merchants; out of the Merchants Company, the Sum of
001
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Andrew Aldworth,
to be paid at the Feast of St.
Andrew
yearly, out of a House in
Akewell-gate,
in the Possession of
Edward Wetherly,
the Sum of
001
00
00
LEFT by
Henry Hilton,
Esq
to be paid yearly at
Christmass,
for four poor Widows, the Sum of
004
00
00
PAID out of the Town of
Newcastle,
at two Payments,
viz.
half at
Michaelmas,
and half at
Lady-day
004
00
00
The
NAMES
of such who pay out Rents.
 
l.
s.
d.
JOHN Barnes
1
00
00
Mrs.
Harrison
0
03
04
Robert Bell
1
04
00
Mary Bell
0
10
00
John Dawson
0
16
00
Robert Bell
0
04
10
Widow
Oliver
Darn Crook
0
03
08
Widow
Dixon
Darn Crook
0
05
04
Anthony Hixon,
Huxter-Booths
0
02
08
John Stobbart
Big-market
0
04
09
John Makepeace
Big-market
0
04
09
Mrs.
Cooke,
Groat-Market
0
13
04
Mr.
Pigg
0
00
06
Robert Davison
Pilgrimstreet
0
02
00
Nicholas Waugh
Pilgrimstreet
0
04
00
William Varey
0
02
00
Mrs.
Fetherstone,
Pilgrim-gate
0
02
00
Nicholas Robson
0
03
00
Richard Kirkhouse
0
03
00
William Stephenson,
Sidgate
0
02
00
Widow
Tate
0
02
06
Widow
Forster
0
02
06
Robert Armstrong
0
03
00
Richard Robinson
0
03
04
John Stephenson
0
04
00
CHARITY-SCHOOL.
THE
Charity-School
of this Parish was founded by Sir
William Blackett,
Bart. and the first Boy entred the School in
January
1707/8: The Number of Boys it was founded for is
Thirty.
About the Year 1719, the late Sir
William Blackett,
the Son of the Founder, began the
Cloathing
of them.
THE
Vicar of this Town,
and the
Church-Wardens
have a Power of putting in the Master of this School, if their Choice is approved of by the Heir at Law.
THE Sallary of the Master is 20
l. per Ann.
but out of it he pays School-Rent.
MINISTERS.
THE Minister of this Church is, as the Minister of St.
John
's, Curate and Lecturer. As Curate, the Vicar pays him 3
l. per Annum,
and as Lecturer he is paid by the Town 100
l. per Annum.
The other Minister is the
Assistant,
and is paid by the Minister of the Parish.
THE Register of this Church has been so badly kept, that I meet with the Names of none of it's Ministers in it but one, viz. one
Stephen Dockwray, Anno
1656; who succeeded him I know not, but one
Pottinger
was Minister here, and I remember Mr.
Richards
and Mr.
Shadford.
JOHN Ellison,
A. M. of
University-College, Oxon.
the present Minister.
Curates I am told, were Mr.
Perkins,
Mr.
Straghan,
Mr.
Stoddard,
Mr.
Lyon,
Mr.
Simkoe.
WILLIAM Wilkinson,
the present Assistant Curate, A. M. of
Christ-College, Camb.
THE Crown pays to the Minister of this Parish Five Pounds two Shillings and Six-pence
per Annum.
THE Town was wont to give to this Church 12 Gallons of Wine every Year at
Easter.
THE Town allows the present assistant Curate of this Church 10 Pounds
per Annum
for reading Prayers to the Prisoners in
Newgate.
THE Prayers of this Church in the Worky-days are on
Wednesday
and
Friday
in the Morning.
THE Sacrament is administer'd here every 4th Sunday in the Month.
Sect. II.
ON the East-side of this Street, near the
New-gate,
is a Tenement which was given by Mrs.
Alice Belaysys
to
University-College
in
Oxford.
The Site of it is thus describ'd;
Situatum est infra praedictam villam juxta Novam Portam ejusdem villae in quo quidem Tenement'
Thomas Gray Lidster
modo inhabitat, (viz.) Inter Tenementum
Roberti Daunt
ex parte Boreali, & vicum Ducentem ad fratres minores ab Ecclesia Sancti
Andreae
ex parte australi;
But the same Writing goes further,
ac Tria Tenementa & duo Tofta, inde in simul situantur in eodem vico ducente a dicta Ecclesia Sancti
Andreae
usque Fratres praedictos, &c.
OPPOSITE to St.
Andrew
's Church is a Lane, which leads to
Pilgrimstreet
Gate, called the
High-fryer-chare,
because of a Fryer which was in it, and because it is higher up in the Town than the other Fryer Chare.
IN coming down this Street Southward from the Church of St.
Andrew
's, on the Right-hand, is an ancient Street called
Darn-crook;
in which Street were some Wastes and House belonging to the Nuns of St.
Bartholomew,
as there were in almost every Street in the Town. Opposite to this Place, on the East-side of this Street of
Newgate
is a little running Water which goes into
Lorkburne.
This little
Bourn
is taken Notice of in the Account of the Ward belonging to
Ficket-Tower,
and is called there,
a Bourn beside Lam-place, that runneth towards Lorkburne.
To this Bourn it is, that the Prisoners belonging to
Newgate,
have Liberty to walk during the Time they are not confin'd to the Goal.
FROM thence, going still Southward, the Street changes it's Name from
Newgate
to
Huxter
's
-Booths;
for thereabouts it was that the
Huxters
lived, as has been observed above, who supply'd the
Religious-houses,
and the other People of this Part of the Town with Provisions. A Part of these Houses are still to be seen, they stand by themselves almost in the
middle of the Street,
nigh the
White-cross. Grey
says, That this Part of the Town was in his Time called the
Huxters-Booths;
that is, as I understand him, from the
Bourn
abovementioned, to those Houses.
OPPOSITE to the
Booths
was a great Gate that led into the
Black-fryers.
It was situated between the House of
William Wilkinson,
Smith, and the House of
Elizabeth Bell,
Widow. The Place now is the Entrance of a Garden belonging to Mr.
Nicholas Baily
of
Newcastle.
This I think is evident from a Grant of a Tenement from the
Black-fryers,
now in the Hands of Mr.
Tho. Marshall,
of this Town; wherein in describing the Situation of the Tenement, are these Words;
Sicut jacet in villa antedicta prope crucem vulgariter vocatam
Whyttcross
inter magnam portam praedictorum Fratrum e Regione praedictae crucis ex parte Boreali,
&c. The Tenement described is the House lately rebuilt by Mr.
Marshall
aforesaid. Since this Conjecture from the Writing above-mentioned, I have met with the Manuscript of Mr.
Milbank,
which very much corroborates it. The Words are these; the Gate-way to this House was from the Whitecross, and was called when our Author liv'd,
Wind
's
-hole.
The way was a narrow Lane to the Fryery, which in his Time was joining to Mr.
Brandling
's Ground, whereupon there was, (and still is) a Mill.
THE Business and Trade of this upper Part of the Street, is chiefly that of the
Tanners.
WHITE-CROSS.
FROM the
Huxters Booths
to almost the
Nun-gate,
the Street changes it's Name again, for the Name of the
White-Cross,
because of a
Cross
which stood there; to which, from the
Huxster
's
Booths,
was the ancient Market of this Town, as there is at this Day at the
Cale-Cross.
This
Cross
was pulled down that very Night after Sir
George Selby
dyed, and King
James,
of Sacred Memory,
March
24.
Milbank,
M. S.
ON the Place where the Cross stood was a Cistern for receiving of that Water, which goes by the Name of the
New-Water.
This was lately pulled down, and there is now in the Place where the Cross was, a Pillar of Stonework. The Street hereabouts is wide and spacious, and having in it several good Buildings; such are the Houses of
William Carr,
Esq
Thomas Clennell,
Esq
&c.
There are four Fairs kept in this Street in the Year, one at
Lammas
for Horses, and another at St.
Lukesmass
for Horses: The other two are for
Black-Cattle,
the one on
All-Souls Day,
and the other at
Martinmas.
NEAR the Cross is a Lane called the
Low-fryer-chare;
it got the Name of
Fryer-chare
from it's being situated near the
Black-fryers,
and of the
Low-fryer-chare;
because it is not so high up the Town as the other
Fryer-chare.
IT was also called formerly
Shod-fryer-chare,
because the
Black-fryers
were also called
Shod-fryers.
Sect. III. NUNN-GATE.
FROM the
White-cross
Southward the Street leads to the
Nun-gate,
which gives Name to a small Part of the Street thereabouts.
THIS Gate was not the
Great-gate
of the
Nunnery,
but a back Passage to it; for
Nunnery
was situated lower down, as may still be seen by the Ruins of some old Walls in their Garden: Probably it was situated about the Place where Mr.
Hebdon,
a few Years ago built a large House, which is built upon the same Ground where the
old stone House
stood, inhabited by Mr.
Green,
which seem'd to have been built out of the Ruins of this
Nunnery.
Here it was that King
Speed
Hist.
Henry,
the First founded the Hospital of St.
Bartholomew
the
Apostle,
for the
Nuns
of
Newcastle.
In
H. Rex, &c. Sciatis me concessisse & Charta confirmasse monialibus Sancti Bartholomei de Novo Castello super Tynam omnes Donationes, quae eis rationabiliter factae sunt: Videlicet, Ecclesiam Sancti Bartholomei, & Hospitale Sanctae Mariae de praedicto Castello & Terram, &c. Et XX acras de scala & IX Tosta & Horseyol, & duos Solidos de Gatisheved & omnia alia quae eis Rationabiliter data sunt vel Dabuntur. Quare volo & firmiter precipio, &c. Test'
Will. de Mandavilla, Reginald. de Curtnay, Willielmo de Scuttevilla, Thomas de Bardulf, Robert de Scutevilla, Richard Gosfard.
a Charter granted them some Time after they were founded,
Nuns of St.
Bartholow .
which I take to be a Charter of King
Henry
the Second's, they had all the Things bestowed upon them, confirmed: The 20
Acres
mentioned in the Charter I have not been able to find out. A Manuscript of Mr.
Joshua Douglas
's says, that probably all that Side of the Street, from the
Nuns
to
Newgate,
belonged to these
Nuns,
for their Garden reaches to
High-fryer-chare.
This indeed is highly propable, for the nine Tofts or Crofts confirmed to them in this Charter, seem to be a good Proof of the Truth of it.
IN the Garden which belong'd to them, call'd still the
Nun
's
-Garden,
is a
low Square Vale,
at the South West Corner of which Tradition says, there is a
Vault,
which leads to the
Black-fryers.
Mr.
Richmond,
the present Steward of Mr.
Blackett,
told me, he had seen the Entrance into it; but that now it was fill'd up with Earth.
De rebus Novocast'.
STELLA,
an ancient Village, situated on the South of the River
Tyne,
belonged to the
Nuns
of this Hospital,
ON
September
the 12th, 2d of
Charles
the Second, after the Death of Sir
Nicholas Tempest,
of
Stella,
of the County of
Durham,
Knight and Baronet, it was found that he dyed possessed of the Manour of
Stella,
in the Parish of
Ryton,
in the County of
Durham,
which had been Part of the Lands of the
House
or
Monastery
of St.
Bartholomew
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
The following Writing, for which I am obliged to the worthy Dr.
Hunter,
of
Durham,
and from which I had this Confirmation, is as follows.
120
Die
Septemb.
Anno
20 Caroli
Regis Compertum post Mortem
Nicholai Tempest,
de
Stelley,
in Com'
Dunelm'
Milit' & Baronet' Quod fuit Seissatus de & in Manerio de
Stellingley,
al's Vocat'
Stelley,
situat' Stant' & existen' prope aquam de
Tyne
in Parochia de
Ryton,
in Ep'tu
Dunelm'
cum suis Juribus, Membris & Pertinenciis Universis: Ac de omnibus terris arabilibus Pratis, Pascuis, Pasturis, Boscis, Subboscis, Communiis, Piscationibus, Mineris Carbonum, infra solum & Fundum ibidem comoditatibus, Prosicuis, emolumentis, & aliis advantagiis, eidem Manerio de
Stellingley,
al's
Stelley,
pertinentibus Vel Ullo modo Spectantibus Nuper parcello Possessionum Domus five Monasterii S.
Bartholomei
infra Villam
Novi Castri
super
Tinam
Dissoluti.
THERE were, as is observed above, Wastes and Houses, in the
Side,
in
Pilgrim-street,
in the
Flesh-market, Oat-market, Darncrook,
and almost all the Town over, which belonged to the
Nuns.
The Piece of Ground above the
Town-moor,
called from them the
Nun-moor,
belonged to them. Mr.
Riddle
's House and Chapel in
Gateside,
(commonly called
Gateside-house
) was, according to some, a Sort of Infirmary for the
Nuns
of this Hospital.
DR.
Smith,
in his Ecclesiastical History of
Bede
Ubi nulla remanent antiqui monasterii Uttani: vestigia Resentioris quidem, Pulcherriniam videmus Capellum vix adhuc Ruinis Succumbentem. Traditio est, cellam fuisse sanctimonialium Novocast rentium, licet ejus Historiam apud Autores vix inveneris. Smith in Not' Bed. lib. 3. C. 21.
says, that in
Gateside
there are no Footsteps remaining of the ancient
Monastery
of
Uttanus;
but of a more Modern one, we see a most beautiful Chapel, which is not as yet in Ruins. There is a Tradition that this was a Cell of the
Nuns
of
Newcastle,
tho' we cannot readily Quote any Authority for it.
THE Tradition mention'd by these Gentlemen appears somewhat probable, for in the Charter before-metioned the
Nuns
of St.
Bartholomew
received two Shillings annually from this Cell.
IT is also not improbable but St.
Mary
's Hospital in
Westgate,
was also a Cell to this Nunnery: It appearing plainly from the Charter above, that St.
Mary
's was dependant on it.
AND it's said in
Leland,
that the Hospital of St.
Mary
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
was given to the Use of
these Nuns.
Lel. Vol. 1. p. 41.
IT appears also from the Charter just above-mentioned, that among the other Things confirmed to this
Hospital,
the Church of St.
Bartholomew
was one. I may be ask'd therefore where this Church was Situated. In answer to this I dare venture to say, that there never was any such Church in this Town; I mean a Parish Church: And therefore it must have been the Church or
Chapel
belonging to this Hospital; and consequently must have been seated where the Hospital was. And this appears to be the rather true, because we have no other mention made of their
Chapel,
and because when it is mention'd in the Charter it is said to be given them, that they may serve God in it.
IN the Year 1355,
Thomas Hatfield,
Bishop of
Durham,
confirmed to the Nuns of this House, the Abbess they had elected; her Name was
Alice Davill.
She had been not duly elected, and therefore he made the Election void; but however, as she was a Person the
Convent
very much approv'd of, the Bishop of his special Favour order'd her to preside over them.
THIS was granted at
Aukland, May
the 9th, in the Tenth Year of his Consecration.
DR.
Hunter
of
Durham
obliged me with the following Copy of the Bishop's Grant.
THOMAS
permissione divina
Dunelm'
Episcopus Religiosae mulieri Dominae
Aliciae Davill
salutem gratiam & Benedictionem. Licet Electionem quam dilectae Filiae moniales & Conventus Domus seu Prioratus S.
Bartholomei
in villa
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
nostrae Dioces' de Te in Priorissam earundem & Domus suae praedictae fecerant; propter peccatum in forma ejusdem Cassaverimus, justitia suadente Considerantes tamen quod praedictae moniales in Te tanquam habilem & idoneam ad regimen Prioratus praedicti Direxerant vota sua, Te in Priorissam Domus praedictae de nostra speciali gratia, praeficiamus & ordimamus, Tibi
que
curam & regimen ejusdem committimus, cum suis juribus & pertinentiis universis, In cusus Rei, &c. Dat' in Manerio nostro de
Aukland
die nono Mensis
Maii
Anno Dom'
1355,
Et nostrae Consecrationis Decimo.
IN the Year
ladox Firm. Burg. p. 4.
1486, the
Prioress
and
Convent
of St.
Bartholomew,
granted Land to
Thomas Lokwood
and his Heirs,
ad Feodi Firmum.
AGNES Lawson,
the last Prioress, surrendred up this Convent the 3d of
January,
154
, 31st
Henry
8th, and had a Pension of 6
l. per Annum
allowed. It was valued 26th of
Henry
8th at 36
l.
10
s. per Ann. Dugdale
37
l.
4
s.
2
d.
IT was after this in the Hands of the Lady
Gaveere,
who sold it to Mr.
Robert Anderson,
who pulled down all the Houses therein; it being a Recepticle for Scots and Unfreemen, and he bought it on Purpose to dislodge them. He also bought the Garden, and after having raised the Dean that went thro' it, he made it a very pleasant Place; it was from Corner to Corner Eleven Score Yards.
Milbank M. S.
IT is now the Property of
Walter Blackett,
Esq
and is a very delightful Meadow.
Sect. IV. SCOTCH INN.
OPPOSITE to this
Nunnery,
on the West-side of the Street, is an
ancient Building
with a large
Gate,
which has formerly been a Piece of stately Workmanship.
De rebus Novocast'.
This Sir
Robert Shaftoe,
Recorder of this Town, was of Opinion, was the House of the Earls of
Northumberland,
and was called the
Earls Inn. Grey
says it was called the
Scotch Inn;
because it was there that the
Kings, Nobility,
and
Lards
of
Scotland
lodged in Time of Truce or League with
England.
THIS Street from the
Scotch Inn,
or thereabouts, takes the Name of the
Bigg
and
Oat-market;
because in the Middle of it is kept a
Market
of
Bigg
and
Oats
every Tuesday and Saturday. Here the Street is broader than almost any Street in the whole Town, and adorn'd with good Houses: At the End of it Southward, is a very great
Market
for
Poultry,
which gives the Name of the
Pullen-market
to this Part of the Street.
CHAP. VI.
Of the Division of this Street.
H AVING now got as far as the End of the broad Part of this Street, we have the Breadth of it divided into
Three Streets.
The first
Street,
or that on the Right Hand, is called the
Meal-market,
the
Oatmeal-market,
or
Groat-market,
because of the
Oatmeal,
which is sold there every Day of the Week, but more especially on the
Saturday
's. What Name it had formerly, or whether it ever had any other, I cannot say; but this is certain, that it has retained it's present Name above
two hundred Years.
AT the Upper-end of this Street, or the North-end of it, is the
Post-house
of this Town, which is adorned with a pretty
Area
of a
Quadrangular Figure,
together with a good Garden: It belongs to Mr.
James Bell,
the present Post-Master.
AS you descend from this End of the Street, you turn the Corner of this House upon the Right Hand, into a Lane called the
Pudding-chare,
or as I have seen it in some ancient Writings
Budding-chare,
which leads into
Westgate.
There were three Houses in this Lane which paid an Annual Rent to the Chantry of the
Holy Trinity
in St.
John
's Church; one paid 20
d. per Ann.
another 2
d.
and the third 4
d.
The Lane called
Rosemary-lane,
which turns upon the Right Hand as you go down this Chare into
Westgate,
was formerly called St.
John
's
Chare;
because it led from the
Pudding-chare
to St.
John
's Church.
IN this Lane there is a
Waste,
which belong'd to the Nuns of St.
Bartholomew,
boundering on the West on the Common Gutter, and on the North on the Chantery Lands.
THIS Waste is the Ground where are now the Gardens of Mr.
James Bell,
Post-master, and the old Houses on the North of these Gardens, now the Property of Mr.
Ralph Trotter,
are the
Chantery Lands
here mentioned.
OVER against the South-end of this Lane, which so leads to St.
John
's Church, is an ancient Alms-house, in which live seven poor People, who have a small Allowance at Christmas from the Town.
HAVING past the East-end of the
Pudding-chare,
we go Southward, which leads into the Body of the
Meal-market,
aforesaid.
THERE is little in this Street worth taking Notice of; the Houses generally are very ancient and mean, the few good ones are one which was built the last Year by Mr.
Prior
of this Town, Cooper, an ancient Inhabitant in this Street; and another the House below it, which belongs to Mr.
William Harrison,
Dyer, which was formerly the Dwelling-house of
Timothy Robson,
Esq
Alderman of this Town, and sometime Mayor; and some few others.
IN the Reign of Queen
Elizabeth
a House in this Street belonging to one
William Penrith,
whose Site is now lost, paid an annual Rent to the Chantery of our Lady in the Parish Church of
Long-benton.
Rom. Britann. p. 132.
THE late Mr.
Horsely
tells us of another House in this Street, in the laying of the Foundation of which, about 15 or 16 Years since, the Masons struck upon the Roman Wall at each of the Side Walls, so that the Building stands cross the Roman Wall. But where the Site of it is he does not say.
TOWARDS the lower end of this Street is a large open, where is a
Market
every Saturday for
Wool,
below this again a Lane leading into
Westgate,
called
Denton-chare.
PASSING by the East-end of this Chare, we come to the ancient
Iron-Market,
which was opposite to St.
Nicholas Church,
in that Piece of Ground leading to the Side, from the House of Mr.
Charles Clark,
and from below the Shop of the late Mr.
John Kellot,
Smith.
ANOTHER Street which the broad Street of the
Big-market
is divided into is the
Middle-street,
so called because it stands in the Middle of the Streets in this Part of the Town; for it has on the East-side of it the
Flesh-market
and
Pilgrim-street,
and on the West, the
Oatmeal-Market,
and
Westgate.
THIS Street bore anciently three Names, the upper Part of it was called
Skinner-gate,
the lower Part of it
Spurrier-gate
and
Sadler-gate.
IT is a Street as it was in
Grey
's Time, where all Sorts of Artificers have Shops and Houses.
WE come now to the 3d Street,
(viz.)
the
Flesh-market,
at the upper-end of which is the
Upper-dean-bridge,
so called because of the two Bridges which cross this Dean or Rivulet, which runs into
Lorkburne,
this is that which is the higher or upper one.
HAVING passed by the West-end of this Bridge we go Southward into the
Flesh-market.
GREY
tells us,
that when the Good-men of this Town began to trade and venture beyond the Seas, they built many Ships, and procured a Charter from the Kings of
England
to carry Fells beyond Seas, and to bring in foreign Commodities. The Staple was then at
Antwerp
in
Brabant,
called
Commune totius Europae Emporium.
The
Charter
of the
Merchant Adventurers
was the first Charter that was granted by any King to any Town.
AFTER this Grant this Town flourished in trading, built many fair Houses in the
Flesh-market,
then called
Cloth-market.
The Merchants had their Shops and Ware-houses there, in the Back-parts of their Houses: The River of
Tyne
flowed and ebbed, where Boats came up with Commodities; which Trade of Merchandizes continued many Years.
IN this Street the Mayors, Aldermen, and richest Men of the Town lived.
PART of the present
Flesh-market
was called the
Cloth-market,
and part of it the
Flesh-market
and
Fish-market.
An Anonymous Authority says, that in
Pilgrim-street
was the Market for
Fish,
that came up to the
Nether-dean-bridge.
But this in my Opinion is a Mistake. For in the Ward belonging to
Morden-Tower,
part of it is over the
Flesh-shambles
from the North West Church Stile of St.
Nicholas,
unto the
Fish-shambles.
Consequently the
Fish
that came up to the
Nether-dean-bridge
must have been sold in the
Flesh-market,
not in
Pilgrim-street.
The Shops of this Street are at present the Shops of Artificers, and the Houses either chiefly Coffee-houses or Taverns, or Ale-houses.
IN some ancient Writings belonging to that worthy Gentleman
The Rev. Mr.
Smith
of
Melsonby, I find that several Houses in this Street paid an annual Rent to
University College
in
Oxford;
one of them in particular nigh the Church Yard paid 6
s.
in the Year 1304, and so did many Houses in the other Streets of this Town to the same
College.
Several of these were the Gift of the Lady
Ann Bellasys
to this College,
An.
1444.
THE
Flesh-market
in this Street, which is held every Saturday, is a very great Market, not only as it supplies the Town in a great Measure, but as it also furnishes the Country for several Miles round. Besides there are several Thousands of People belonging to the
Coal-Works,
such as
Staith-Men, Waggoners, Pit-Men, Wrights, Keel-Men,
&c. all which for the most part have their Provisions from this Market.
THE Provision also for
Ships,
is got from this Market. And this indeed must be very considerable, when there will be sometimes 3 or 4 hundred Sail in at a Time.
THERE are 2
Fairs
kept in this Market every Year for 8 Days together, the one begins upon
Lammas
Day, or the First of
August,
which
Grey
calls
a remarkable Time of the Year,
but why he calls it so, he gives no Account. This Fair is in some Measure of an ancient standing. For we meet with some Account of it in the Reign of King
John,
mentioned in a Charter of another of our Kings. The Words are these,
Insuper cum Dicti Burgenses per Chartam praefati Joannis Regis habeant in dicto Burgo unam feriam singulis annis per duos dies duraturam,
viz.
in vigilia & in die Sancti Petri ad Vincula, &c.
NOW from this it appears that King
John
granted to the Town of
Newcastle, Lammas
Fair, which he order'd should be held on the Eve of St.
Peter ad Vincula,
and upon the Day it self.
Blount in Verb.
I suppose
Grey
calls it a remarkable Time of the Year, as well because it is called
Lammas
Day as because it is called St.
Peter advincula.
As it is
Lammas
Day, it is a remarkable Time of the Year, for it is called
Lambmas
because
Lambs
were not then fit to eat, they were grown too big:
aliter
from the
Sax.
III
asmaesse
q. d. Loafmas,
because on that Day the English made an Offering of Bread made with
new Wheat.
On this Day it was, that Tenants that held Lands of the Cathedral Church of
York
(which is dedicated to St.
Peter ad Vincula
) were bound by their Tenure to bring a
Live Lamb
into the Church at
High-mass
on that Day.
IT is also a remarkable Time, as it is St.
Peter ad vincula,
and as it is called the
Gule
of
August,
from the Latin
Gula,
a Throat. The Reason is set down in
Durand
's
Rationale
(
Lib.
7.
c.
19.) who says, that one
Quirinus,
a
Tribune,
having a Daughter that had a Disease in her Throat, went to
Alexander,
then Pope of
Rome,
the 6th from St.
Peter,
and desired of him to borrow, or to see the
Chains,
that St.
Peter
was chained with under
Nero;
which being obtained, the said Daughter kissing the Chains, was cured of her Desease, and
Quirinus
with his Family baptized.
Tunc dictus
Alexander
Papa hoc Festum in Calendis augusti celebrandum instituit, & in honorem beati
Petri
Ecclesiam in Urbe Fabricavit, ubi vincula ipsa reposuit, & ad Vincula nominavit, & in calendis augusti dedicavit. In qua, Festivitate Populus illic ipsa vincula hodie Osculatur.
So that this Day being before called only the Calends of
August,
was upon this Occasion termed indifferently either St.
Peter
's Day
ad Vincula,
from the Instrument that wrought the Miracle; or the Gule of
August
from that Part of the Virgin whereon the Miracle was wrought.
Blount in verb.
AFTER this Fair granted by King
John,
it was by a succeeding King, ordered to begin at the same Time, and to continue 28 Days. When it was reduced to the Time above-mentioned I have not met with.
THE other Fair held in this Market is at St.
Lukesmas,
it was granted to the Town in the Reign of
Henry
the 7th. During the Time of these Fairs there is a Court of
Pye-powder.
All the Privileges and Power that a Court Leet can have, is granted to this Court.
Grey
17.
TOWARDS the South-end of this was a large
Cross,
with a lead Cistern at the Top of it to hold the Water, called the
New-water;
which was pulled down about 3 Years ago. Beyond this, at the End of this Street is the
Cordiners Meeting-house.
CHAP. VII.
Of St.
NICHOLAS
Church.
A T the End of the
Flesh-market,
on the South-side of the
Cordiners
Meeting-house, just now mentioned, stands the Church of St.
Nicholas.
It is a very grand and magnificent Building, being in length 79 Yards, two Foot, three Quarters; in breadth 24 Yards, two Foot, three Quarters; and of an Height equal and proportionable. Who it was founded by I have no where met with, but if a Conjecture may be made, it was perhaps founded by
Henry
the First: But be this as it will, it is certain it is as old as his Days. For
Henricus
Rex, Angliae Archiepiscopo
Ebor'
& Episcopo
Dunelm'
& Vicecomiti de
Northumberlanda
Salutem. Sciatis me dedisse & concessisse Deo & Sanctae
Mariae
de
Cairlelia
& Canonicis ejusdem loci, Ecclesiam de
Novo Castello
super
Tynam
& Ecclesiam de
Newburna
& Ecclesia quas
Ricardus
de aurea Valle de me tenet' post obitum ejus, &
Ricardus,
& Clerici qui ipsis Ecclesiis deserviunt, recognoscant de Canonicis ipsius & faciant eis servitium quod mihi facere solebant & Post obitum eorum redigantur Ecclesiae in Manus Canonicorum. Ita quod Clerici qui eis Deserviant, habeantinde Necessaria & Canonici habeant reliquum. Dugdal. Monast. P. 2. p. 73.
it was this King that gave it to the Church and Canons of St.
Mary
's of
Carlisle;
and also at the same Time the Church of
Newburn.
IN a Book belonging to the Vestry of St.
Nicholas,
it is said to be founded in the Year 1091; but what Authority this Account depends upon, I know not; however it is somewhat probable.
THE ordering of the
Vicarage
was not 'till some Years after. The King indeed in his Charter makes a general Provision of what is necessary for the
Minister
of this Church, but does not say what that is. This was done by
Hugh Pudsey,
Bishop of
Durham,
as
Thomas Hatfield,
one of his Successors gave it under his Episcopal Seal at
Auckland, June
6th, 1360. For having searched the Register of
Hugh,
his Predecessor, he found, that he with the Consent of the
Prior,
and Convent of
Carlisle,
order'd the
Vicarage
of St.
Nicholas
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
on the Day before the Conversion of St.
Paul,
or
January
24th, 1194, and gave the
Vicar,
for the Time being, a Portion, or Maintenance,
viz.
all the
Fruits, annual Profits, Oblations, Obventions
whatsoever, of what Kind or Thing soever they were, belonging to the Church of St.
Nicholas,
except the great Tythes belonging to the same Church.
THIS Account I am obliged to Dr.
Hunter
of
Durham
for, who favoured me with the following Transcript from Bishop
Hatfield
's Register.
Ordinatio Vicariae B.
Nicholai,
de
Novo Castro.
NOverint Universi quod Nos
Thomas,
Permissione Divina
Dunelm'
Episcopus inspecto Registro Bonae Memoriae
Hugonis
dudum
Dunelm'
Episcopi Praedecessoris Nostri, comperimus in eodem quod dictus
Hugo,
Episcopus Vicariam Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
Nostrae Dioces' Ordinavit, & Portionem, pro sustentatione Vicarii ejusdem qui pro tempore fuerit in eadem de fructibus ad dictam Ecclesiam pertinentibus taxavit Statuit & Limitaviti sub hac forma.
HUGO
Dei Gratia
Dunelm'
Episcopus omnibus Sanctae Matris Ecclesiae Filiis ad quos Literae istae pervenerint Salutem. Noverit Univeritas Vestra quod Nos Anno Dom'
1194
Pridae ante Gonversionem Sancti
Pauli,
Vicariam Ecclesiae Beati
Nicholai
de
Novo Castello
super
Tynam.
Nostrae Dioces' alias in eadem Ordinatam de Unanimi consensu Dilectarum Filiorum Nostrorum Prioris & Conventus
Karliol'
Dictam Ecclesiam Beati
Nicholai
in Usus suos Canonice obtinentium, Portionem infra scriptam pro sustentatione Vicarii ejusdem, qui est, et pro tempore erit in eadem ex Nostri Pastoralis Officii Debito taxamus, Statuimus & Ordinamus; viz. quod quilibet Vicarius illius Ecclesiae qui pro tempore fuerit, pro sustentatione sua & Portione congrua percipiat & Habeat omnes Fructus, proventus, oblationes, obventiones quascun
que
ad Dictam Ecclesiam qualitercun
que
pertinentes de quibuscun
que
rebus existentes, Decimis Garbarum Dictae Ecclesiae duntaxat exceptis. In quarum Inspectionis & Compertionis testimonium Sigillum Nostrum fecimus hiis apponi. Dat' in Manerio Nostro De
Auckland,
Sexto Die Mensis
Junii,
Anno Dom'
1360,
& Nostrae Consecrationis quinto decimo.
THE
Steeple
of this Church is in Height 64 Yards, one Foot, three Quarters. It is supposed, as to it's Model, to be the most curious in the whole Kingdom: It is adorned with 13
Pinacles,
and a large and beautiful
Lanthorn,
which stands upon two very bold Arches of Stone, and at the Top of the said
Lanthorn
stands the tall
Spire,
by much the largest belonging to the
Steeple.
On the Corners of the old
Tower,
upon which stands the said beautiful Structure, are four
Images,
one at each Corner, cut at length in Stone. 'Tis said that
Ben Johnson,
the Poet, made the following Lines upon it.
My
Ex Grey.
Altitude High, my Body, four Square,
My Foot in the Grave, my Head in the Air,
My Eyes in my Sides, five Tongues in my Womb.
Thirteen Heads upon my Body, four Images alone;
I can direct you where the Wind doth stay,
And I tune God's Precepts twice a-Day.
I am seen where I am not, I am heard where I is not,
Tell me now what I am, and see that you miss not.
IT is said, and indeed confessed, that
Robert Rhodes
was more probably the Builder of this
Steeple
than any other Person: His Name being at the Bottom of the
Belsry.
Orate pro anima
Roberti Rhodes.
BUT who this
Robert Rhodes
was, is more uncertain.
Grey
tells us, that
Robert de Rhodes
was the Lord Prior of
Tinmouth,
in
Henry
the 6th Days. And an
Anoymous Authority
seems to suggest, that this
Robert Rhodes
was one of the Bishop of
Durham
's Justices; because in a Register at
Durham,
there is mention made of
Robert Rhodes, ab Anno
1486,
ad An'
1537, and
Agnes
his Wife.
BUT neither of these seem to me to be the true one. I am rather inclinable to believe, that one
Robert Rhodes,
Esq
who lived in this Town in the Reign of
Henry
the 6th was the true Person. We meet with this Gentleman's Name in an Inquisition that was taken at the Castle of
Newcastle,
in the 25th of
Henry
the 6th, 1447; for two of the Gentlemen present were
Roger Thornton,
the Son of the famous Benefactor of that Name, and
Robert Rhodes,
and they were also first mentioned after the Mayor.
Lib. de Reb. 11.
IN the Year 1451, we meet again with the same Person, who together with the said
Roger Thornton,
by an Instrument bearing the same Date, conveyed some Houses for the Use of a
Chantery Priest
to pray for the Soul of
William Johnson.
We have also a further Account of this Gentleman in the Year 1500, for an Instrument bearing that Date informs us, that the
Mayor
and Inhabitants of
Newcastle,
gave a Tenement to a Priest to live in, who was to pray for the Soul of
Robert Rhodes
and
Agnes
his Wife, at the Altar of St.
John
the Baptist, and
John
the Evangelist in St.
Nicholas
Church.
NOW when it is considered that this
Robert Rhodes,
I am speaking of, was so great a Man in this Town, that he lived in the same Reign in which
Grey
acknowledges the
Lanthorne
to have been built, namely in the Reign of
Hen.
the 6th, and that he was so commemorated by the
Mayor
and Inhabitants after his Decease, I dare say it will appear much more probable that he was the Builder than either of the others.
THERE might indeed be, and probably there was a
Robert Rhodes,
Prior of
Tinmouth,
in the Reign of
Hen.
the 6th, but I never met with any Benefactions of the Priors of
Tinmouth
to the Town of
Newcastle.
They were on the contrary mortal Enemies to this Place, and always jealous of it's encreasing Glory. As to the other
Robert Rhodes,
one of the
Bishop
's
Justices,
he was alive in the Year 1537, which was the 29th of
Henry
the 8th, and so comes too late to build a Steeple in the Reign of
Henry
the 6th. I have been told by a worthy Gentleman, and one who is curious in these Things, that this
Robert Rhodes,
so taken Notice of by this Town, was
Escheator.
THERE is a traditional Story of this Building I am now treating of, which may not be improper to be here taken Notice of. In the Time of the Civil Wars, when the
Scots
had besieg'd the Town for several Weeks, and were still as far as at first from taking it, the General sent a Messenger to the Mayor or of the Town, and demanded the Keys, and the Delivering up of the Town, or he would immediately demolish the
Steeple
of St.
Nicholas.
The Mayor and Aldermen upon hearing this, immediately ordered a certain Number of the chiefest of the Scottish Prisoners to be carried up to the Top of the old
Tower,
the Place below the
Lanthorne,
and there confined; after this they returned the
General
an Answer to this Purpose, That they would upon no Terms deliver up the Town, but would to the last Moment defend it: That the
Steeple
of St.
Nicholas
was indeed a beautiful and magnificent Piece of Architecture, and one of the great Ornaments of their Town; but yet should be blown into Attoms before ransom'd at such a Rate: That however, if it was to fall, it should not fall alone; that the same Moment he destroyed the beautiful Structure, he should Bath his Hands in the Blood of his Countrymen; who were placed there on Purpose either to preserve it from Ruin, or to die along with it. This Message had the desired Effect. The Men were there kept Prisoners during the whole Time of the Siege, and not so much as one Gun fired against it.
THERE were only five Bells originally belonging to this Church, but of late Years the Number is encreas'd to Eight. The great Bell, call'd the common Bell, was sent to
Colchester
to be new cast in the Year 1615, it weighed 3129 lb. They are very large ones, have a bold and noble Sound, and yet exceedingly sweet and Harmonious. The three latter Bells were given to this Church by the
Corporation.
IN the Year 1723,
William Ellison,
Esq
Mayor, and
Robert Sowersby,
Esq
Sheriff, the
Steeple
was repaired at the Expence of the
Corporation.
AT the North Door of this Church, it is observable, that the
large Flagg
which is the first Step into the Church, is cut all along the Surface with
uneven Lines,
in Imitation of the Waves of the Sea. This is a silent Remembrancer of the
Saint
the Church is dedicated to; for St.
Nicholas,
the Bishop of
Myra,
who lived in the Time of
Constantine
the Great, is so famous among some for his Miracles and Apparitions by Sea, that he has merited the Title of the
Patron of the Sailors.
THERE were no fewer than 9
Chanteries
belonging to this Church, which are valued at 48
l.
4
s.
6
d. per Annum.
THE Chantery of St.
John
the Baptist, and St.
John
the Apostle, was on the
In Ecclesia Sancti
Nich.
de dicta villa Novicastri ad altare Boreale Joannis Baptistae & Joannis Apost. & Evangel. lib. Cart. p. 121.
North-side of the Church. It is said to have been founded by
Robert Rhodes
and
Agnes
his Wife, and licensed by King
Henry
the 6th. If there be any Truth in this, it is that he was a third Founder. He allowed a Priest 7
l.
7
s.
10
d. per Annum
to pray for his Soul, and the Soul of his Wife; and the Town of
Newcastle,
as it is said above, out of Respect to his Memory, gave the Priest a House to live in; but it's a Mistake that this
Chantery
was not founded before, for
Richard de Emeldon
who had been above 12 Times Mayor of
Newcastle,
was permitted by Letters Patents from King
Edward
the 3d, to build upon a Piece of vacant Ground, over against the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, that he might present it to
Three Chaplains,
to procure their Prayers for him whilst he was living, and after he was dead, and also for the Souls of his Wives and his Father and Mother,
&c.
every Day at the Altar in St.
Nicholas,
which was dedicated to
John
the Baptist, and
John
the Apostle and Evangelist. This Gentleman died about the 6th or 7th of the Reign now mentioned, as is clearly gathered from the Authority above; and the Letters in which this Chantery is mentioned bear Date the 6th of this Reign: and therefore it is a Mistake to suppose this Chantery founded in the Reign of
Henry
the 6th, which was almost an hundred Years after.
THE Priests set a-part to attend this Altar, were every Day to pray for his Soul, and the others above-mentioned; and by an Order from the Then
Richard,
Lord Bishop of
Durham,
the Chaplains for the Time being, were obliged on the
Anniversary Day
of his Death, every Year for Ever, to celebrate his Memory with a
Solemn tolling of the Bells,
and
devoutly singing by Note
in the
Evening of the Anniversary,
and on the
Anniversary itself,
and solemnly to sing Mass for the Soul of
Richard
himself, and the Souls above-mentioned, and the Souls of all the Faithful departed. And after Mass, one of the Chaplains was to distribute among
an hundred and sixty poor People,
the Sum of Six Shillings and Eight-pence, and this annually for ever. This, together with several other Things, was ordered by
Richard,
Bishop of
Durham,
in the 3d Year of his Consecration,
Anno
1335, which was, with all other Things mentioned in the Charter, confirmed by
Edward
the 3d, in the 10th Year of his Reign.
THUS then it appears that this Chantery is of a much older Date than the Reign of
Henry
the Sixth. But this is not all;
Richard de Emeldon,
was but a second Founder of this Chantery: It boasts still an higher Antiquity, and is said to have been founded by
Laurence
of
Durham,
who was Prior of
Durham
in the Year 1149, which, by the way, is a further Proof of our Conjecture of this Church's being founded by King
Henry
the First, or in that Reign at latest.
2. THE Chantery of St.
Catherine
was founded by
William Johnson
and
Isabel
his Wife, in the Reign of
Edward
the Third; it's yearly Value was 6
l.
15
s. Roger Thornton,
the Son of
Roger
the great Benefactor, in a Deed dated
December
the 20th, 1451, is made, together with some others, a Trustee by a Feoffment of
Roger booth,
the surviving Feoffee of
William Johnson,
who gave the Lands and Tenements therein mentioned, for the better Support of a
Perpetual Chaplain
to attend the Chantery of St.
Catherine,
which is said to be
ab Alano-Durham ab antiquo sundat:
IN the Reign of King
Henry
the 6th, one
Robert Mitford
was the Chaplain of this Chantery, who succeeded
Peter Angram,
a former Chaplain.
3. ANOTHER Chantery of St.
Catherine,
was founded by
Nicholas
and
John Elliker.
The Deed of Foundation is said to have been imbezeled by
Richard Wallas,
late Incumbent there: The yearly Value 3
l.
14
s.
8
d.
which arose out of certain Tenements situated in the
Close, Castle-mote,
in the
Side,
and in
Sandgate.
4. THE Chantery of St.
Peter
and St.
Paul,
was founded by
Adam Henrother,
and
Allan Hilton,
and licenced by King
Henry
the Fourth; the yearly Value 4
l.
13
s.
4
d.
which arose from some Tenements in the
Close, Side,
and
Westgate.
5. THE Chantery of St.
Thomas,
was founded by
John Thapecape,
and licenced by
Edward
the Third; the yearly Value of it was 4
l.
12
s.
6
d.
6. THE Chantery of our Lady, whose Deed of Foundation is said to have been imbezeled by
Thomas Ireland,
late Incumbent there. But however we may give some Guess at the Time of it: For
Lib. Cart. p. 48.
there is mention made of it, and of two Shillings a Year given to it, in a Charter which was signed by
Nicholas de Carleol,
then Capital Bailiff of the Town, in the Year 1328; and in the Year 1305,
Peter Graper,
then Mayor of the Town, gave
Et cuidam Capellano celebranti divina ad altare Beatae Mariae Virginis in Ecclesia Beatae Nicholai de Novo Castro duos Solidos argenti &c. Lib. Cart.
two Shillings a Year to the Chaplain that waited upon the Altar of the blessed Virgin
Mary,
in the Church of St.
Nicholas.
So that it must at latest have been founded in the Reign of King
Edward
the First. That large
Porch
on the South-side of the Church, or the South-Cross of the Church, as it is called, is the Chantery of St.
Mary
's; the yearly Value of it was 5
l.
16
s.
7.
STEPHEN Whitgray,
and
Mary
his Wife, founded the Chantery of St.
Margaret,
in the South-side of the Church of St.
Nicholas,
in the Reign of
Richard
the Second. I take that Square Place, called
Bewick
's Burial-place, now the Burial-place of
Utrick Whitfield,
Esq
near the Porch-Door of this Church, to have been this Chantery.
THEY constituted
John de Etell,
Chaplain of this Chantery, to pray for their Souls, and the Souls of the faithful departed. The Value of this Chantery was 10 Marks yearly, which was raised out of certain Tenements,
viz.
out of one near the
Cale-cross,
and from a Tenement which paid somewhat to the
Chantery
of St.
Eligie,
in the Church of
All-Hallows
in this Town; and from another Tenement near the
Cale-Cross,
which lay near
Grundon-chare;
and from another Tenement over-against St.
Nicholas
Church; and from another Tenement in
Hackergate,
near the Chapel of
All-Saints;
and from a Tenement near
Kirk-chare;
from a Tenement in
Pampedon;
from a Tenement in
Broad-chare;
from a Garden near
Pampedon-burne;
from a Tenement in
Calegarth
in
Broad-chare,
&c.
THE Chaplain of this Chantery, after the Decease of the Founder, was to be chosen by the
Vicar
of St.
Nicholas,
the
Mayor
and
Bailiffs
of this Town, and Four of the honest Parishioners of St.
Nicholas.
Witnesses of this Charter, were
Laurentius de Acton,
Mayor of this Town,
Henry de Carliol, Thomas de Gryndon, John de Newbiggyng, John de Appreton,
Bailiffs,
Thomas de Herington, John de Coket.
Given at
Newcastle
the 20th of
April, Anno Dom.
1394, in the 17th of
Richard
the Second.
8. THE Chantery of St.
Cuthbert,
was founded by
Thomas Harrington
and
William Redmarshall,
in the Reign of
Richard
the Second; yearly Value 7
l.
3
s.
2
d.
which was raised out of certain Tenements situated in the
Sandhill, Side,
and
Close.
9. THE Chantery of St.
Loye,
was founded by
Robert Castell,
in the Reign of
Edward
the Third: Yearly value 4
l.
10
s.
which arose from Tenements in the
Close, Westgate,
and from a Close without the
West-gate,
called
Goose-green-close.
THE Font belonging to this Church has either been built or repair'd by
Robert Rhodes
the Builder of the upper Part of the Steeple; for his Coat of Arms (and probably his Wife's too) is quartered on the Basis of it.
ON the
North-Isle,
answering to the Nave or Body of this Church is a large Gallery, which is chiefly for the Use of the Boys of the Grammar School. At the East-end of which an Addition was made to it by the Rev. Dr.
Tomlinson,
for the Use of his Successor, the Lecturer of St.
Nicholas,
and his own Family.
IN the
Rood-loft,
or the Gallery which seperates the Chancel from the Nave of the Church, now called the Organ-loft, is a
Double Organ.
ON the North-side of this Organ, is a Porch called
Saint George
's
Porch,
which was built, as
Grey
informs us, by
one of the Kings of this Land.
It has undoubtedly been one of the ancient Chanteries; for several of them were situated thereabouts, between the Gallery and this Porch; as some others of them were in
St. Mary
's
Porch,
or the South Cross of the Church. It hath under it a Vault, and there is on the North Windows the
Head of the King,
the Father of the Lady which
St. George
delivered from the
Dragon.
ON the East Windows is still remaining some of the painted Glass. There is particularly the Picture of
Saint Laurence,
and some
Skin-marks,
and
Coats of Arms.
It has been a beautiful little Place: It is ceiled at the Top, and has been surrounded with carv'd Work in Wood; some of which still remains, to speak the Curious Art and commendable Expence of the Days of old.
THE
Chancel
of this Church is a very noble and stately one. The Altar was in the Year 1712, very sumptuously and yet decently adorn'd. At the
Top, is the Word
Jehovah,
and under that, in a Glory, a Part of the Name of Lord which he himself proclaimed before
Moses. The Lord God merciful and gracious.
What is below that again, see in the Altar of
All-hallows.
The PLATE for the Altar.
TWO Flaggons; Three Challices and Covers; Three Salvers; A small Spoon Drainer.
ON the
South
Side of the
Chancel
is the
Vestry,
above which is the
Library.
The Keeper of which is the Rev. Mr.
Stoddard,
Assistant Curate of this Church.
IN this are several good Books, and some
Manuscripts:
But it is not at present any way comparable to what it will be hereafter, either for Variety or Number of Books of all Kinds of Learning; The worthy and learned Dr.
Tomlinson,
being expected to leave at his Death, to this Library, his whole Study, which is perhaps (considering the vast Number of Books, their being so well chosen, so neatly and curiously Bound, their great Variety, being of all Manner of Subjects, treating of all Arts and Sciences) a Library outdone by few private Gentlemen in the Kingdom.
Grey 10.
IN this Church are many sumptuous Windows, but that in the East surpasseth all the Rest in Height, Largeness, and Beauty. This Author says, that there were in this Window the Twelve
Apostles,
and the seven Deeds of
Charity:
I suppose he Means, painted upon the Glass. He tells us also, that this Window was built by the Beneficent
Roger Thornton,
the Elder, and that there was this Inscription on it.
Orate pro anima
Rogeri
de
Thornton, &
pro animabus Filiorum & Filiarum.
At present there is nothing remaining of these Pictures, but two Heads, which, if we may Judge of the Rest by them, will speak them to have been very Tall, and curiously done: The Inscription is intirely gone.
AN Indulgence of 40 Days was granted by twelve Foreign
Bishops,
1359, and confirmed by
Thomas Hatfield,
Bishop of
Durham,
to all such (having repented and confessed their Sins) as performed the following Things,
viz.
If they came to this Church to
Mass,
to
Prayers
Morning or Evening, or other
Divine offices,
on the Feast of it's Patron, and the others below written,
viz.
on the Feast of
Christmas-day,
the
Circumcision,
the
Epiphany, Easter-Eve,
the
Ascension, Pentecost, Trinity, Corpus Christi,
the
Invention
and
Exaltation
of the
Holy Cross,
St.
Michael
the
Arch-Angel,
the
Nativity
and
Decollation
of
John
the
Baptist,
the blessed Apostles
Peter
and
Paul,
and all other
Apostles
and
Evangelists;
the Commemoration of
All-Souls,
and on the Feast of the Dedication of the said Church of St.
Nicholas;
and also on the Feasts of St.
Stephen, Lawrence, George, Martin, Dionysius, Blasius, Mary Magdalen, Catharine, Agatha, Margaret,
and in the Octaves of all
Feasts,
and on every
Lord
's
-Day
and
Sabbath
through the Year. They also were intitled to this Indulgence who follow'd the
Body of Christ,
and the
Holy-Oyl,
when they were carryed to the the Sick; or who went round the Church-yard,
praying all the while for the Dead;
Those also were intitled who assisted in the
Repairing
of the said
Church,
or
Gifted
it with
Lamps, Books, Chalices, Vestments,
or any
other necessary Ornaments;
or gave, or left to it by Will,
Gold, Silver,
or any Part of their Substance: Those also shared in it, who on the
Sundays
said their
Prayers
when the Bell rung at
High Mass,
at the consecrating of the
Body of Christ;
and lastly those who devoutly
prayed for the Soul
of
Catherine de Camera,
whose Body was buried in the said Church, and for the healthful Estate of
John de Camera, Gilbert de Dukesfield,
and
Agnes
his Wife, as long as they lived, and for their Souls when they were dead.
St. Nicholas Vestry.
Some of the
Inscriptions
on the
Tombs, Monuments
and
Graves
of this Church.
The East-End.
ON the North-East Corner of the Church, is the Tomb of Sir
George Selby.
His Effigies and that of his
Lady
are at length, resting upon Pillows, with uplifted Hands. On the South of the Tomb are the Effigies of his Children in a Posture of Prayer, kneeling with raised Hands. Upon a Marble Stone, placed in the Wall, a little above the Tomb, is the following Inscription,
Georgius Selby Eques auratus ab antiqua & clara Selbeiorum de Selby in Comitat' Ebor. Familia oriundus, quater hujus villae preator, Vicecomes Comitat' Palat' Dunelm'. Serenissimi Regis Jacobi Hospitio & Servitio Nobilitatus. Ob Lautum certe & affluentem perpetuo apparatum, & Liberalissimae Mensae communicationem merito passim celebratissimus. Margaretae Uxoris Joannis Selby de Twisell Militis filiae consorcio apprime Faelix. Ex qua suscept' quinque filios, immatura morte Sublatos & sex filias superstites; Quatuor ante illius obitum nuptas; Margaretam primam Gulielmo Balasys de Morton, Elizabetam Secundam Joanni Delavale de Dissington, Equitibus Auratis; Barbaram tertiam Roberto Delavale Haeredi Radulphi Delavale de Seaton Equitis Aurati, Isabellam quartam Patricio Curwen de Workington Armigero, & duas innuptas Dorotheam & Mariam, per totum Vitae Cursum Lautissima usus fortuna. In hoc vere beatus, quod sub indubitata Spe plenae peccatorum omnium remissionis, & suae ad eternam vitam Resurrectionis, spiritum in manus Domini commendavit in coque placide obdormivit 300 Martij 1625 An' Aetatis 68. Corpus Sepultum jacet in Crypta sub hoc Tumulo charae uxoris cura extructa.
Amoris, Honoris & Memoriae ergo.
Under the Coat of Arms.
— Mortuus vivo.
Within the Pallisadoes, upon a Flat Marble Stone
— t
u have Mercy of the Sowlle of George Selbe Merchant Adventurer sometime Alderman of this Town, and Margaret his Wife, and their Children.
In the Margin on his Side
Anno 1542.
on her Side
Anno 1562.
IN the North-side of the
Middle Porch,
under the grand Eastern Window, are the Nitches of several pulled out Statues; on the South-side of it is the Monument of
George Carr,
with this Inscription
Orate pro Anima Georgij Car quondam Majoris istius villae qui obijt Anno Domini Millesimo CCCC Cujus animae Propitietur Deus.
THE Effigies of him and his Wife are at length, resting on Pillows with their Hands raised. Above them is an arched Canopy, with a defaced Inscription; but a Manuscript in this Church tells us that the Words were
For George Car's Sawil his Wyffes and Chylders Sawlls all and to make a solem Dyrge Mass with all-his Bruchern in the Qwyre and Dirsse to sing as apecyth in his Writing of Rimae:
AT the Feet of the Effigies are the Ruins of a large Image of our
Saviour upon the Cross,
with an Inscription equally dark as the other, but said to be this
Our Lady prays him to say at the Day.
WHEN the Scots took the Town they plundered the Churches, and these and many more were defaced;
for they broke down the
Carved Work
thereof with Axes and Hammers.
IN the North-side of the
South-East-Porch,
is a very pretty Monument commemorating the Wife of
William Wrightson,
Esq
NEAR this Place lies the Body of
Isabel,
the Wife of
William Wrightson,
Esq
one of the Burgesses in several Parliaments for this Town and County of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
she died the 13th of
March,
1716.
ALMOST contiguous to this, is the beautiful Monument of Mr.
Matthews
the 1st Husband of
Isabel
before-mention'd, he dy'd
April
6, 1697.
THE Burial Place of
Timothy Davison,
Alderman, sometime Mayor of this Town and Governour of the Merchant's Company, and
Elizabeth
his Wife, by whom he had Issue 16 Children, of which survived them 6 Sons and four Daughters; she departed this Life the 10th Day of
September,
1694, and he the 20th Day of
December
1696, in the 55th Year of his Age.
HERE lyeth the Body of
Robert White,
Merchant, he departed
October,
1644.
THE Burial Place of Sir
Ralph Jennison
of
Elswick,
in the County of
Northumberland,
Knt. sometime Mayor of this Town.
Obijt tertio die Aprilis Anno
1701,
Aetat. suae
88.
THE Burial Place of Mr.
John Stephenson,
Merchant Adventurer, who died the 20th of
April
1725.
ROBERT Bulman,
Feltmaker, 16
May,
1716.
Rachael
his Daughter, who was Wife of
William Henderson,
Upholster, died 22d of
Aug.
1730.
THE Burial Place of
John Ogle,
Esq
his Daughter
Mary Lisle,
Relict of
Robert Lisle,
of
Hazon,
Esq
dyed 19th
December,
1728.
ROGER Rawe,
twice Mayor of this Town, 1596.
ROBERT Barker,
sometime Mayor of this Town, and his four Wives; he departed the 4th of
August,
1588.
RALPH Cocke,
Esq
Alderman, and sometime Mayor of this Town, 27
Jan.
1652, his four Daughters survived him, and
Judith
his Wife,
viz. Dorothy, Jane, Ann, Barbary:
The Wives of
Mark Milbank, William Carr, Thomas Davison, Henry Marley,
Merchants.
ROBERT Jennison,
Merchant, 27
October,
1668.
FRANCIS Brandling.
WILLIAM Carr,
Merchant Adventurer, and
Jane
his Wife, by whom he had Issue 11 Children; he departed
April
14th, 1660; she departed
Jan.
31, 1666.
BARTRAM Anderson,
Merchant Adventurer,
June
24, 1605.
JESU have Mercy of the Sawlles of
Hendry Anderson,
M. A. sometime Mayor of this Town, 1562.
ISABELL Anderson,
his Wife, was buried under the next Stone to him; she dyed in
August,
1582.
BERTRAM Anderson,
Merchant Adventurer,
August,
1606.
MARK Shafto,
Merchant Adventurer, sometime Mayor of this Town,
April,
1593.
UNDER the same lye —
Shafto,
who dyed
December,
1581, and
Robert Shafto,
Alderman, of this Town, who dyed
September,
1623.
JESU have Mercy of the Soul of
Mark.
SIR
Peter Riddell,
Knight, Twice Mayor of this Town, 18th
April,
1641.
LANCELOT Hodgshon,
1667;
Margaret,
his Wife, Daughter to Sir
Thomas Haggerston,
Baronet, departed 1663.
SOUTH-ISLE.
IN this Isle, opposite to the Altar, against the Wall of the Church, is a beautiful and curious Monument of
William Hall,
Esq
sometime Mayor of this Town, and
Jane,
his Wife, which was erected in Commemoration of them, by Sir
Alexander Hall,
Knight, their only surviving Son. At the Top of the Monument is the Arms of their Family, with an Angel on each Side of them. The Body of the Monument has on each Side of it a Pillar, of the
Corinthian Order;
between which is the Representation of a Desk, with open Books upon it, and he on the one Side of it, and his Wife on the other, in the Posture of Prayer, kneeling before it, with their folded Hands upon the Books: Below this are the Effigies of their Children, in the same Posture; one of which is represented kneeling alone, at one Side of a Desk, with an open Book upon it; and other Five on the other Side of it, kneeling one after another: The Former, I take to be design'd for their Son, the other for their Daughters. Below these again, is the following Inscription;
Gulielmus Hall,
Armiger quondam Major hujus villae & Jana Uxor ejus Charissima; faelice prole ditati, Juxta hoc Monumentum in Domino requiescunt. Ille vicesimo Octavo die Julii Anno Domini 1631, Aetatis suae 63. Illa duodecimo die Augusti Anno Domini 1613, Aetatis 36. In quorum memoriam Alexander Hall eques
ratus unicus corum filius superstes hoc merito posuit.
WILLIAM Bonner,
sometime Sheriff of this Town,
Jan.
22. 1626.
JAMES Coward
Glasier.
WILLIAM Grey,
Esq
1707.
GEORGE Dawson,
Alderman.
EDWARD Johnson,
Alderman, and sometime Mayor,
March
12, 1726, aged 69.
JESU have Mercy on the Sowlle of
Edward Surtis,
Merchant-Adventurer.
THOMAS Gibson,
Mason,
Feb.
7th, 1699.
PRAY for the Sawlle of
John Todd,
Mer. Ad. and
Elizabeth,
his Wiyf, Daughter was unto
Wm.
— Merchant, and his Children.
IN this Isle against one of the Pillars is a Marble Monument with this Inscription.
Memoria
Patricii Crowe
olim de
Ashlington Armigeri.
Cujus Corpus haud procul
Marmore Isto Sepultum Jacet.
Obijt die Januarij
Tricesimo Primo
Anno Domini
M:D:CXCIV.
MR.
Chapman
's Stone, Mr.
Wilkinson
's Place,
Henry Chapman,
Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and 4 Times Mayor of this Town; Alderman likewise of the famous City of
London,
and one of the Commissioners for the Realm of
England
to treat with Commissioners of
Scotland
for the Wealth of both Kingdoms; departed to the Mercy of God the 1st of
April,
1623.
ROGER, Jane, Susannah,
and
Thomas,
the Children of
James Clevering,
Merchant Adventurer, and sometimes Mayor of this Town:
Roger
departed 1592,
Jane
1592,
Susannah
1599,
Thomas
1602.
MICHAEL Kirlair,
Mer. Ad. 31
July
1620.
THOMAS Bowes,
Mer. Ad. he departed 1593, his Wife
Agnes,
1624.
HENRY Bowes,
Mer. Ad.
ROBERT Bower,
Mer. Ad. 1621.
WILLIAM Johnson,
Alderman and sometime Mayor, departed 1678.
ROBERT Ledgard,
Draper.
WILLIAM Sheerwood,
Mer. Ad.
THIS is the new burial Place of Alderman
Sowerbie.
HUMPHRY Pibus,
Mer. Ad.
April
1691.
HIS Daughter
Elizabeth,
was the Wife of
John March,
Vicar of this Town, she departed in
April
1680; he the 2d of
December
1692.
ROBERT Hessilrigg, March
28, 1728.
RICHARD Wright,
Sheriff, 1671.
THIS is now the burial Place of Mr.
Roger Wilson,
Merchant.
A Stone dated 1531.
WILLIAM Jackson,
sometime Sheriff, 1630.
ON the North-side of this South-Isle, at the South-end of the
Organ Gallery
is the Monument of the Family of the
Maddisons.
It is very beautifull, sumptuous, and magnificent. The Statues are so devoutly postur'd on bended Knees, with uplifted Hands, that whilst we view them with our outward Eyes, we are inwardly struck with a Religious Awe, and secret Wishes after Piety and Devotion.
AT the Top of it, which is pretty high, are three Statues; that on the West in a sitting Posture, with a
Cross
in the left Hand, and a
Book
in the Right, is the Representation of
Faith;
that on the
East
in a sitting, expecting Posture, with an
Anchor
at her Feet, is the Representation of
Hope,
and that in the
standing Posture,
with a
Flaming Heart
in her
Hand,
(the Emblems of Action, and Fervency and Love) is the Representation of
Charity.
Above the Statue on the East, is
Memorare Novissima,
and above that on the West,
Memoriae sacrum.
BELOW these
three Statues,
is the Body of the Monument, having in it 6 large and beautiful Statues, three Men and three Women, on their bended Knees, with folded Hands in the Posture of Prayer; who these are designed for may be easily learned from the Inscriptions below; the Lady of the
Westend,
which has on the right Hand of her a Pillar of the
Corinthian Order,
is
Elizabeth
the Wife of
Henry Maddisson;
The Gentleman next to her is
Henry
her Husband; for he is cloathed in the
Scarlet-Gown
of the Aldermen of
Newcastle,
because he was sometime
Mayor
of this Town. Next to him is his Father
Lionel Maddison,
cloathed in the same Manner (for he was
thrice Mayor
of this Town) kneeling before a
Desk,
with an
open Book
on it; on the other Side of this
Desk
is his Wife
Jane,
kneeling in the same Manner, with her face to him; next to her, is their Son
John,
who died in the Expedition to
Cadix,
and who is therefore
cloathed in Armour.
Then we have the opposite Pillar of the
Corinthian Order,
on the other Side of which is the Effigies of one of
Henry
's Daughters, probably
Barbara,
who dyed at the Age of 17 Years, as is said on an adjoining Stone.
The Inscription.
Here rests in Christian Hope the Bodies of
Lionel Maddison,
Son of
Rowland Maddison,
of the County of
Durham,
Esq
and of
Jane
his Wife; she died
July
the 9th, 1611, he having been thrice Mayor of this Town, departed
December
6th, 1624, aged 94 Years, he lived to see his only Son
Henry
Father to a fair and numerous Issue; here interr'd also are the Bodies of
Henry Maddison,
and
Elizabeth
his Wife, Daughter of
Robert Barker
of this Town, who lived together most comfortably 40 Years, he was sometime Mayor of this Town, and having lived in good Name and Fame 60 Years, deceased in the true Faith of Christ the 14th of
July
1634.
Elizabeth
his only Wife, had Issue by him ten Sons,
(viz.) Sir Lionel Maddison,
Knight, Sir
Lionel Maddison,
Knight,
Ralph, Robert, William, Henry, Peter, George, Timothy,
and
Thomas,
and Six Daughters,
Jane, Susan, Elizabeth, Barbara, Eleanor,
and
Jane,
all the Sons at his Death were living; but
John
who died in his Expedition to
Cadix.
She lived his Widow 19 Years, died 1653.
Below the Inscription, under
Elizabeth
is
Animae super Aethera vivunt.
Under
Henry
and
Lionel,
Decus vitae est Honorata Mors.
Under
Jane
and
John,
Beati mortui in Domino moriuntur.
And under
Barbara,
Serius aut metam Properamus a unam.
THE smaller Statues surrounding the Tomb, are designed for the Children of the Family.
THE whole is surrounded with a strong Iron Rail, as being one of the greatest Monumental Ornaments of the Church.
THIS Tomb was about two Years ago clean'd and beautified at the Expence of Mr.
Robert Percival,
whom we have commemorated amongst the Benefactors of St.
John
's Church.
LIONEL Maddison,
Mer. Ad. Mayor of this Town,
July
1624.
JANE Tempest,
Wife of
William Tempest,
Esq
second Son of Sir
Nicholas Tempest,
Knt. and Bart, and Daughter to
Henry Maddison,
sometime Mayor, departed 29th
December
1616, Aetat. 20.
BARBARA Maddison,
Daughter of the said
Henry Maddison,
1617, aged 17 Years.
On Mr.
Forster
's Stone.
Ive kept the Faith a good Fight fought have I,
My God and Sovereign serv'd here quartered lie;
With Dust disbanded 'till the last Trump hence,
Rally these Atombs by it's Influence,
Then with the Loyal Bands received I may
A Crown of Glory for the general pay.
THOMAS Loraine,
Esq
his Epitaph.
About the Border,
Hic jacet Thomas Loraine olim de
Kirkharle Armiger qui obijt vicessimo
quarto die Octobris, Aetatis suae 35 Anno Domini
MDCXLIX.
Upon the Copper Plate,
Ite precor, Musae, vos & Dolor iste requirit
Iste Labor circum tempora Taxus eat
Plangite Solicitis Moerentia Pectoni Palmis
Rumpat & Ornatus quique
suos
Publica quippe vocat clamantia publica virtus
Hujus erat
hic Dolor
minor
Fata Magistratum rapiunt cum ferrea Regnum
Debilitant Mundum cum rapuere bonos
Et bonus & Laurus modo cum decesserit orbis
Non satis ad Fletus, si Lachrimarit, erit.
St.
MARY
's
PORCH.
P. M.
ALEXANDRI Davison
Equitis Aurati & Annae Filliae Radulphi Cocke, ejus Conjugis Charissimae.
Ex qua Filios quinque, Thomam equitem auratum; Radulphum Davison de Thornley, Samuelem Davison de Wingate Grange, Josephum Centurionem cordatum (in hujus oppidi contra Scotos Rebelles propugnatione strenui ad mortem us
que
Dimicantem hic juxta tumulatum) Edwardum Mercatorem Caelibem, defunctum,
Filias etiam Binas
Barbaram primo Radulpho Calverley
deinde Thomae Riddell de Fenham in Comitatu Northumbriae Equitibus auratis,
ac Margaretam Henrico Lambton, armigero Enuptas, Suscitavit.
Qui quidem Alexander Grassante tunc conjuratione perfidissima,
Optimo Regi, Causae
que
Regiae semper
Fidelissimus
Gravem rei familiaris Jacturam Maximo animo perpessus,
tandem
que
in hujus Novicastri obsidione cum Scotorum Rebellium exercitu
irruenti magnanimiter Confligens,
Novissimum Spiritum (octogenarius fere) fortiter effudit.
Undecimo die Mensis Novembris anno ab Incarnatione Domini 1644 hoc monumentum posuit Thomas Primogenitus
Eques Auratus
M. S.
Egregio Adolescenti Thomae Hamiltono, animi Indole, forma Corporis & robore praecaeteris insigni, Domini Patricii Hamiltonii a Preston filio dignissimo a nobilissima familia Hadingtonia oriundo, Centurioni sub Domino Alexandro Leslaeo Exercitus Scoticani Faederis Imperatore, excellentissimo Domino Alex. Hamiltonus Rei Tormentariae praefectus, Avuunculus Maerens posuit,
Cum totius exercitus Panctu Maximo obijt Anno Domini 1640 Octobris 29.
Aetatis suae 20.
The Motto of the Coat of Arms above,
Mihi Palma Cupressus.
SIR
Richard Stote
's Burial Place.
Quinto Die Februarii Anno, 1615 Richardus Stote quondam hujus Villae Mercator obijt.
Decimo sexto Die Aprilis Anno 1589 Hellinor Uxor ejus 2, ex hac vita decessit.
In Sacra Memoria Parentum suorum Edvardus Stote hoc Monumentum posuit.
Richardus Stote, Miles, Serviens Domini Regis Caroli Secundi ad Legem objit vicessimo quinto die Decembris. Anno Domini 1682.
Near this Place is interr'd the Body of
Joseph Huddldleston
late Citizen and Fishmonger of
London,
(Second Son of
Andrew Hudleston
of
Huttonjohn
in the County of
Cumberland,
Esq
) who departed this Life the 14th of
June Anno Dom'
1679. He married
Mary
Daughter of
John Emmerson,
Merchant, sometime Mayor of this Town, and by her had issue
Joseph
(who dy'd in his Infancy) and
Dorothy
who survives.
UNDER the South Window of this Porch lies the Effigies of a Man, at his full length with his Legs across, and his Dog at his feet, having his Escutcheon of Arms and Sword. This we are inform'd was the Fashion of burying those only, who took upon them the Cross, and were mark'd with the Badge of the Cross, for sacred Warfare, in recovering the Holy-Land from the Turks.
HE is supposed to have been one of the Family of the
Scroopes.
JOHN Lawson,
Esq
of
Cramlington
in the County of
Northumberland,
5th
Nov.
1680.
ANTHONY Isaacson,
Esq
ROBERT Roddam,
Alderman, and sometime Mayor of this Town,
July
1682.
JONATHAN
his Son, sometime Mayor of
Newcastle,
dyed 21st
August,
1712. he left Issue by
Jane
his Wife a Son and a Daughter.
THE Burial Place of
Paul Cook,
Joyner.
JOHN Emmerson,
sometime Mayor, dy'd
THOMAS Jennison,
sometime Mayor, departed,
December, Anno
1676.
ISABEL Riddel,
1663.
RICHARD Huddleston
and
Elizabeth
his Wife, he dy'd
June
1707, she 1730, aged 82 Years.
CHRISTOPHER Nicholson,
Alderman, departed 29th
Sept.
1670, in the 68th Year of his age.
AGAINST the Wall stands a Monument of
Michael Welden,
Son of
Michael Welden
of
Welden,
Esq
and
Sarah
his Wife, who departed this Life 3d
Ap.
1680.
St.
MARGARET
's Chantery.
THE Burial Place of the Family of the
Bewicks.
West-End of the
CHURCH.
THE Burial Place of
William Errington,
Master and Mariner.
JOHN Gill.
WILLIAM Boutflower,
Merchant Adventurer.
In the
MIDDLE-ISLE.
THE Burial Place of
William Rutter,
Merchant Adventurer.
At the East-End of the
MIDDLE-ISLE.
RICHARD Wright,
Merchant Adventurer, and sometime Sheriff, departed this Life, 5th
May
1671.
CUTHBERT Ellison,
Merchant Adventurer. Now the Burial Place of Mr.
Richard Wall,
descended from the Elder Brother of
Robert
and
Benjamine Ellison.
THE Burial Place of
Robert Ellison,
Merchant Adventurer, sometime Sheriff, he dyed
Jan.
12th, 1677.
THE Burial Place of
Benjamine Ellison,
who departed this Life 25th
June,
1676.
ABRAHAM Anderson,
Merchant.
JOSEPH Ellison,
Merchant, who dyed 21st of
Jan.
1686.
In the
NORTH-ISLE.
THOMAS Partis,
Tobacconist, who died 9th
May,
1684.
THE Burial Place of
Roger Ive,
Citizen and Stationer of
London,
who died 6th
August
1675.
ROGER Procter,
Merchant Adventurer, who died 20th
Nov.
1664. Now Mr.
Mallburne
's Burial Place.
JOHN Winship, Tanner,
1607.
AGAINST the North-wall a Monument of Major
Robert Bugg,
Citizen and Habberdasher of
London,
who died 22d
May
1688.
GEORGE Winfield,
Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and twice Mayor, died 18th
Nov.
1684.
MICHAEL Hall,
Gentleman, 25th
July
1647.
NICHOLAS Stricker,
who died
Aug.
5th, 1689.
BARBARA Riddell,
Wife to
William Riddell,
Merchant, and sometimes Mayor, 1627.
St.
GEORGE
's
PORCH.
SAMUEL Gill,
Esq
who died 26th
Oct.
1720.
WILLIAM Warriner,
1706.
—
Marlay,
Esq
1676. Now Mr.
Perith
's.
ANOTHER of
John Marlay,
Merchant, who departed
October
1561.
UNDER which lyes also
William Marlay,
who departed 16th
Jan.
1609.
AND also Sr .
John Marley,
Knight, Son of
William,
who had been 5 Times Mayor, and departed
Anno
1673, aged 83 Years and 3 Days.
JESU have Mercy on
George Byrde
's Soul, is on the Border of
Matsen
's Stone.
MATTHEW Matsen,
Merchant Adventurer, died 1st
October
1697.
TIMOTHY Robson,
Alderman, twice Mayor, departed 30th
Dec.
1700.
THE Burial Place of
George Heron,
Merchant. On the Top of which Stone is, Jesu have Mercy on the Soul of
John Ord.
ON the Wall a handsome Marble Monument, on which is the following Inscription;
Hic Sitae sunt exuviae
Roberti Shafto Equitis aurati,
Nee non ad legem Servientis
Et hujus Municipij, Propraetoris
In Desideratissimi Patris Memoriam
Hoc Mamor Posuit Unicus Defuncti silius
Marcus Shafto de Whitworth
In Comitatu Dunelmen Arm.
Obijt Maij XXI
A.D. M:DCCV
Vixit annos LXXII.
MATTHEW Jefferson,
sometime Mayor of this Town, departed
March
1st, 1687.
In the
QUIRE.
THE Burial Place of
Nicholas Ridley,
Esq
twice Mayor of this Town, and Governour of the Merchant's Company, and
Martha
his Wife, by whom he had Issue 9 Children, viz,
John, Mary, Richard, Ann, Nicholas, Edward, Ann, Martha
and
John:
He departed this Life the 22d. of
January
1710,
John
their eldest Son dyed
April
the 14th, 1686.
M. S.
Janae
Yeldardi Alvey
Hujus Ecclesiae Vicarii
Uxori Lectiss. & dilectiss. Decem Liberorum
Utrius
que
Sexus aequaliter Faecundae Matri
Cultu in Deum,
Obsequio in Maritum
Pietate in prolem, dilectione in Proximum
Charitate in Pauperes, ad exemplum celebri,
Quae Postquam 34 Aetat. Ann.
Complevisset
Pie & Placide in Domino
Obdormivit
Denata est tempore Antelucano Magni
Paschatis sesti 1643
Maritus maerens hoc in amoris aeternum
Duraturi Testimonium merito
Posuit.
Radulphus Jennison quondam Major hujus Oppidi qui tempore Praeseturae suae e vivis decessit Anno Domini 1597 hoc tumulo sepultus Jacet.
Prudens, Pacificus I argus justus
que
pius
que
Sydera qui quaerit, sis Ubi quaerit Ubi
Jacet & hic Robertus Filius ejus, quandam
Theologiae Doctor & Minister verbi Dei.
MR.
Thomas Robinson
's Burial Place.
Here Lyeth buried under this Stone
Of
John Bennet
both body and bone
Late of these North Parts, Master of the Ordinance,
Which deceased by God's Providence,
The Eight Day of the Month of
July,
In perfect Faith Love and Charity;
A thousand five hundred sixty and Eight
Whose Soul to Heav'n he trusted went streight
Through God's great Mercy, Bloodshed and Death
Which only he trusted to during his Breath,
So trust we his Wife and Children that caused this
And Captain
Carvel,
a Friend of his.
HERE lyeth the Body of Sir
William Blacket,
Bart. Alderman and sometime Mayor of this Town, and Burgess in Parliament for this Corporation, and Dame
Elizabeth
his Wife, by whom he had Issue 9 Children, of which survived him 3 Sons and 3 Daughters,
viz. Edward, Michael, William, Elizabeth, Isabel
and
Christian;
she departed this Life the 7th of
April,
1674, and he the 16th of
May,
1680.
Michael
his Son, sometime Alderman, departed this Life the 26th Day of
April,
1683; who had
Elizabeth
only, she departed this Life the 12th Day of
January,
1677.
THE Burial Place of
John Rumney,
Merchant.
THE Burial Place of
William Jennison,
Merchant Adventurer.
WILLIAM, Isabel, Edward, Christian, Michael, John, William,
and
Christopher,
the Children of
William Blacket,
Alderman, and
Elizabeth
his Wife.
John
buried the 4th of
May,
1654,
William
buried the 9th of
August,
1954,
Christopher
buried the 8th Day of
July,
1678.
IN this North Part of the Church of St.
Nicholas
was a Shrine of
Henry
Earl of
Northumberland,
who in the 4th of
Henry
the 7th was Lieutenant of
Yorkshire,
and being commanded by the King to levy those Monies which were then extorted from the Country to carry on the War of
Britany;
the Vulgar conceiving him to be the Cause of that Task, tumultuously murdered him at
Cockledge,
near
Threske,
eighteen Miles north of
York,
upon the Day of St.
Vitalis
the Martyr; whereupon he was buried at
Beverley,
where he hath a stately Monument, but much defaced. This is Shrine at present much more so, being no where to be met with; bul
Grey
tells us, that in this Part of the Church there was such a Monument in his Time, that was made in Memory of him in his own Country; he having a House in this Town and Parish, and that Part of the Inscription upon it was,
Orate pro anima Hemici Percy
4
Northumbriae qui per Rebbelium Manus occabuit,
&c.
THE
Milbank
Manuscript says it was in the north Corner of the Church: That it was a Monument of Wood; on which was painted an
old Man,
our
Saviour
on his right Hand, and the
Virgin Mary
on his Left. There came a Labil from her Mouth, but what it was this Authority had forgot; but that from our
Saviour
's was
Quaeso Patri sac, qued rog it mea Mater.
THEN followed some Latin Verses, done in the rhiming Way of the Monks, but they are so dark and obscure, that little can be made of them. the Manuscript goes on; When Mr.
William Selby
was buried, this Monument was removed out of that Corner, and Sir
George Selby
did set his magnificent Tomb there. Alter that it was placed against the Wall, next to Sir
George
's Tomb, and so continued 'till Mr.
Lane. Hodshon
got leave of Vicar
Nailor
to remove it and place his Father. Where it is now I know not.
Grey
tells us, that the
Parson
of the Town is the Bishop of
Carlisle,
who hath his
Vicar
or
Substitute.
How this Bishop came to have this Living in his Gift, I have shewed in the Beginning of our Account of this Church.
UPON this Church depend the other Churches; for the
Vicar
has Dues from them all: And yet they are each of them a distinct Parish from St.
Nicholas.
THIS
Vicarage
is reckoned 150
l. per Ann.
and the Corporation makes an annual Addition of 90
l. per Ann.
to it, which was granted by this generous and worthy Body, that the Vicar might live in a more plentiful and hospitable Manner than he could otherwise do. The
Vicar
's Assistant in this Church is the
Curate
of it; who is stiled in an ancient Writing the
Parish Priest, absque Impedimento Vicarii aut
Presbyteri Parochialis.
Lib. Cart.
124. He receives from the Vicar 4
l. per Ann.
from the Town 35
l. per Ann.
and from the Crown 6
l.
16
s.
8
d.
besides the stated Fees of the Church.
IN the Year 1724, the upper Clerk of this Church dy'd (for it had been the Custom to have two) Upon which it was thought more beneficial to the Parish to have an Assistant to the
Curate,
which was accordingly done in the Month of
October,
the same Year. His Salary arises from the Fees of the
Clerkship.
The Lecturer of this Church, whose Duty is to preach on the
Sunday afternoon,
has a Salary of 100
l. per Ann.
paid him by the Corporation.
ALL the
Vicars, Curates,
and
Lecturers
of this Church, that I have met with, are these following,
Magister Joannes de Hirlaw Vicarius
in the Reign of
Edward
3d.
MATTHEW Bolton,
1374.
NICHOLAS de S.
1401.
ROGERUS de Thresh,
1418.
JOHN Heyworth,
1436.
WILLIAM Clym,
1438.
THOMAS Harelred,
9th
Hen.
7th.
JOHN Sanderson
before the Year 1532.
JOHN Heron, Ob.
1543. he alienated the Tythe of
Cramlington,
for a Cheese, and a Couple of
Capons
to be tendred
May
the 9th, in St.
Nicholas
Church Porch.
HENRY Aglionby,
1543.
WILLIAM Purge,
1549.
WILLIAM Salkeld,
A. M.
Sepult. August
25, 1568.
JOHN Magrey,
1568.
RICHARD Holdsworth,
1585, he was buried at St.
Nicholas, Sept.
5, 1594.
THE Worshipful Dr.
Morton,
Archdeacon of
Durham,
and Vicair of
Newcastle,
was buried at
Newcastle, July
18th, 1620.
HENRY Pool,
Vicar, was buried at St.
Nicholas
's,
Sept.
3d, 1623.
DR.
Jackson,
Vicar, he left the Vicarage, and dyed in the South of
England, Anno
1640,
Eachard
the Historian gives this Character of him.
DR.
Thomas Jackson,
the Ornament of the University of
Oxford,
was President of
Corpus Christi
College, and Dean of
Peterborough,
he was a Man of great Piety and Worth, Industry and Ability, a great Master of the Fathers, and profoundly read in Theology, as appears from his many learned Treatises.
YEILDARD Alvey,
Vicar, was buried at St.
Nicholas,
1648, he succeeded in the Vicarage of
Newcastle
in the Year 1630, when the most learned Dr.
Jackson
was elected President of
Corpus Christi
College, in
Oxford,
his Sufferings began very early in the Troubles,
Vide Ann. 1645.
as I find by a Letter of his, written to his Grace the Archbishop of
Canterbury,
and dated from
York, Oct.
16, 1640, wherein he sets forth what he then had suffer'd, in the following Manner.
I am for the present outed of all my spiritual Promotions, to the yearly Value of
300 l.
and have most of my moveable Goods seized upon by the Rebels, being forc'd (upon some threatning Speeches given out by them, that they would deal more rigourously with me than others) suddenly to desert all, and to provide for the Safety of my self, Wife, and seven Children, by a speedy Flight in the Night-time; how they would have dealt with me they have since made evident, by their harsh dealing with two of my Curates, whom I left to officiate for me in my Absence; who have not only been interrupted in reading Divine Service; but threatn'd to be Pistol'd, if they would not desist from the Execution of their Office: And whereas I had lately purchased
60
Pounds
per Annum
in
Northumberland,
and hoped to have been supplied that Way in these calamitous Times, 'till I might with Safety return; they have, since I presented my Petition to his Majesty, seized upon that also, and commanded my Servant to be accountable to them for it: This is my Case at this Time.
Afterwards, as might be expected, it was far worse, for, as I am otherwise inform'd he was not only pull'd out of this Pulpit by two Holy Sisters, but imprison'd at
Newcastle,
at
Holy-Island,
and at
Norwich;
his Family increas'd under his Troubles, if I mistake not, to ten Children, (for so many I find his Wife bore him in all) which were reduced to great Streights, and subsisted in good measure by Charity; I perceive by the Letter abovementioned, that he had been active as well as passive in the Service of his Majesty; by both which Means he had so far recommended himself to the Favour and Esteem of that Prince, that he had design'd some Reward for him, which in all Probability the Rebellion prevented the King from bestowing. Nor did Mr.
Alvey
live to receive it from his royal Son, on the Restoration, for his Death happened in the Year, 1648, and was hastened, as 'tis thought, by his Sufferings. He was a very Honest Good Man, and a true Son of the Church of
England;
as, I am told, appears by a little Tract which he wrote, and which I have not yet been able to get a Sight of, intitled,
The Humble Confession and Vindication of them who suffer'd much, and still suffer, under the Name of Malignants and Delinquents,
Publish'd in 1647.
DR.
Robert Jenison,
1645, buried at St.
Nicholas, November
8, 1652.
SAMUEL Hammond,
1652, he left the Vicarage upon the Restoration.
JOHN Knightbridge.
THOMAS Nayler,
1662, buried at St.
Nicholas, April
15th, 1679.
JOHN March,
Vicar, B. D. he was born in this Town. He was an admirable Scholar, a Man of strict Piety, and a most powerful Preacher. The last Sermon he preached was in the Epistle to the
Hebrews,
2d
Chap. V
3d.
How shall we escape if we neglect so great Salvation?
He preached it on the Sunday Morning, and on the Sunday following was buried.
THIS Sermon, together with eleven more, were published and recommended to the World by Dr.
Scot,
the Author of the
Christian Life.
There were several other Sermons of his published in his Life-time, (viz.) one intitled
The false Prophet unmask'd,
or,
The Wolf strip'd of his Sheep's Cloathing,
preached on the 30th of
January,
1683, before the Mayor and Aldermen of this Town, and dedicated to them, another on the 30th
Jan.
1676/7, dedicated to the Mayor and Magistrates. Another upon the 29th
May,
1684, dedicated also to them,
&c.
He was buried at St.
Nicholas, Dec.
4, 1692.
LEONARD Welstead,
Vicar, was buried at St.
Nicholas
's,
Nov.
15th, 1694.
NATHANIEL Ellison,
D. D. Vicar, died
May
4th, 1721, and was buried at. St.
Nicholas
's. He was born in this Town. He was a Man of good Learning, and an exemplary Life; and was looked upon to be one of the best of Parish Priests, for his Constancy and Usefulness in Preaching; he was besides Vicar of
Newcastle,
Archdeacon of
Stafford,
Rector of
Whitburne,
in the Country of
Durham,
and Prebendary of
Durham.
IN the Year 1700, he Publish'd at
London
a Sermon preached before the Mayor and Magistrates of this Town at St.
Nicholas
's Church,
October
8th, 1699, being the Sunday after the Election of the Mayor. It was Entituled,
The Magistrates Obligation to punish Vice.
IN the Year 1701, his Sermon of
Confirmation,
preached
June
23, 1700, before the Lord
Crew,
Bishop of
Durham,
at St.
Nicholas
's Church in this Town, was printed at
London.
IN the Year 1710 he printed his Sermon at
London,
which was preached at
Ali-hallows
Church, on
All-Saints
Day, 1709, at the Opening of a Charity-School in that Parish. It is Entitled,
The Obligations and Opportunities of doing Good to the Poor.
WILLIAM Bradford,
M. A. of
Bennet College, Cambridge,
succeeded Dr.
Ellison
in this Vicarage. He was Son to
Samuel,
the late Bishop of
Rochester.
He dyed
July
15th, 1728. in the 32d Year of his Age, and was buryed in
Westminster Abbey.
A little before his Death he was preferr'd to the Archdeaconry of
Rochester.
He was universally beloved, being a Man of great Humanity and Condescention, and of an open generous Temper; and very much lamented at his Death on account of these, and his many other good Qualities. He was succeeded in the Vicarage by
THOMAS Turnor,
A. M. of St.
John
's
College,
in
Cambridge,
the present Vicar.
The
CURATES.
CHRISTOPHER Forster,
Curate, 1629
NICHOLAS Stote,
1663.
RALPH Astell,
1667.
WlLLIAM Drake,
1678, A. M.
FRANCIS Woodmas,
M. A. afterwards Vicar of
Bedlington,
famous for his Skill in the
Greek
Tongue.
MICHAEL Fenwick,
M. A. afterwards Rector of
Long-Newton,
in the County of
Durham.
EDMUND Lodge,
removed to the Mastership of the Grammar School of this Town, 1716, and was succeeded by
JOHN Cowling,
M. A. of St.
Peter
's
College, Cambridge,
the present Curate.
LECTURERS.
THOMAS Stephenson
resigned 1639.
JOHN Bewick,
1639.
DR.
George Wishart,
1643.
CUTHBERT Sydenbam
and
William Durant,
1645.
CUTHBERT Sydenbam,
alone, 1648.
JOHN Tylesley
removed.
JOHN Knightbridge,
1656.
DR.
Wishart
again 1660.
HE was a Native of the Kingdom of
Scotland;
and was by the House of Commons (
June
18th, 1642) resolved unfit to be Lecturer of St.
Nicholas;
and soon after, as I presume, turned out of that Place. He was plunder'd also, and suffer'd a long and tedious Imprisonment, in the nastiest Part of the
Tolbooth
at
Edinburgh,
called the
Thieves-hole.
After his Sequestration, having returned into his own Country, he became Minister of the Church of St.
Andrew;
at length accompanied the noble Marquiss of
Montross
in his Conquest of
Scotland,
and upon the Declension of that immortal Person, became
Chaplain
to the Queen of
Bohemia.
On the Restoration of his Majesty he returned to his Lecture of
Newcastle,
where he continued in great Esteem and Veneration for his unspotted
Loyalty,
until 1662, at which Time he was promoted to the Bishoprick of
Edinburgh,
where he dyed about the middle of the Year, 1671. He was a Person of great Religion, and very charitable to the Poor; and having been a
Prisoner,
he was always careful at each Dinner that he made, to send the first Dish from his Table to the
Prisoners.
He wrote the
Compleat History of the Wars,
&c.
under the Marquiss of
Montross.
JOHN Bewick
again, 1662.
WILLIAM Mair,
1671.
JOHN March,
afterwards Vicar, 1676.
JOHN Rawlet,
M. A. 1679. He was a very pious and Charitable Man. He seem'd to have imitated the Example of
Onesiphorus
to St.
Paul,
in making it his Business to find out the Sick and Needy, that he might have the Pleasure and Happiness of assisting them.
For he sought them out very diligently and found them,
and therefore
the Lord will shew Mercy unto him in that Day.
HE printed several Things. In the Year 1682, his
Sacramental Covenanting,
at
London.
His
Solomon's Prescription against the Plague,
in the Year 1685. His
Dialogue between two Protestants,
in answer to a Popish Catechism, called
a Short Catechism against all Sectaries.
A Book of
Divine Poems,
&c.
JONATHAN Davison,
1686.
GEORGE Tully,
M. A. 1687.
ROBERT Tomlinson,
D. D. 1695; Now Rector of
Whickham.
THOMAS Dockwray,
M. A. of St.
John
's
College, Cambridge,
1724, the present Lecturer.
THE Lecturer of this Church is also the
Holyday Lecturer,
for which this Town allows 20
l. per Annum.
IN these Weeks in which are no Holydays, there is a
Catechetical Lecture
in this Church, for the Instruction of the Boys of the Grammar School, and those of the Charity Schools, who are examined in their Turns.
THIS is done by the Vicar, the Morning Lecturer of
All-hallows,
the Lecturer of St.
John
's, and the Lecturer of St.
Andrew
's, in their Order.
THIS
Cathechetical Lecture
ceases during the Seasons of
Advent
and
Lent,
because during these Times, there is a
Sermon
in this Church twice a Week, on the Wednesday, and Friday, which is preached by the whole Clergy of Town, every one preaching in his Turn and Order.
MORNING and Evening Prayers are every Day read at this Church, at 10 in the Morning and 3 in the Afternoon. The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is administred here every first Sunday in the Month.
THE Town was wont to make a Present to this Church of 13 Gallons of Wine every Year at Easter.
LEGACIES
left to the
POOR
of the Parish of St.
NICHOLAS.
LEFT by
Thomas Davison,
Esq
yearly to be paid in
December,
as followeth,
viz.
 
l.
s.
d.
OUT of a House at the Foot of the Side, the Sum of
01
03
00
OUT of a House near the Sandhill Corner
00
07
00
OUT of a House on the Sandhill
00
09
06
OUT of a House on the Long-Stairs
00
04
00
 
02
03
06
LEFT by
William Carr,
Esq
to be paid at 2 Payments, (viz.) St.
Eleanor
Day, being the 3d Day of
May,
and St.
Martin
's Day, the Bishop, in Winter, as followeth,
OUT of a House in the Bigg-Market,
01
06
08
OUT of a House in
Gunner
-ward
00
13
04
 
02
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Andrew Aldworth,
to be paid at the Feast of St.
Andrew.
OUT of a House in
Akewelgate
01
00
00
LEFT by Sir
William Blacket,
Bart, to be paid in
December,
OUT of a House at the Bridge-end
02
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Robert Ellison
the Sum of
33
06
08
THE Interest yearly to be paid to the Vicar and Church-wardens.
THIS was put into the Hands of
John Bourne
upon his own Bond, who failing, both Principal and Interest were lost. The last Interest was paid
A. D.
1708.
LEFT by
Henry Hilton,
of
Hilton,
Esq
by his last Will, dated
Feb.
26th, 1640, yearly to be paid at
Michaelmas,
the Sum of
06
00
00
REDUC'D by Act of Parliament to
04
00
00
LEFT by Sir
Alexander Davison,
Sir
Thomas Davison, William Carr,
Esq
Mark Milbank,
Esq
John Rumney,
Esq
and Sir
Mark Milbank,
to be paid at two Payments,
viz. Lady-day
and
Michaelmas,
as followeth.
Lady-day Payment.
SIR
Alexander Davison
01
00
00
SIR
Thomas Davison
00
10
00
WILLIAM Carr,
Esq
00
15
00
MARK Milbank,
Esq
01
10
00
JOHN Rumney,
Esq
01
05
00
SIR
Mark Milbank
03
00
00
Michaelmas
the same Payments for each.
LEFT by
John Jefferson
the Sum of
02
00
00
THIS is paid yearly in
March,
by his Executors, as followeth,
viz.
MR.
Matthew Bowes
00
13
04
MRS.
Mary Varnel
00
13
04
MRS.
Elizabeth Brumell
00
13
04
LEFT by
Timothy Davison,
Esq
yearly to be paid in
December,
OUT of the Merchant's Company
01
05
00
LEFT by Mrs.
Jane Brokesby
a Quit-rent of 20
s. per Ann.
out of Houses in
Trinity-Chare,
now held by Mr.
Fenwick
and others.
ALSO 50
l.
out of her Lands in
Forest-hill,
to secure the Payment of 3
l. per Annum;
the said Sum of 4
l. per Annum
to be distributed at 20
s. per
Quarter.
LEFT by
Nicholas Ridley,
Esq
yearly to be paid in
December,
OUT of Grounds in
Heaton,
the Sum of
01
10
00
LEFT by
Joseph Atkinson,
Esq
the Sum of 50
l.
THE Interest yearly to be paid on
Sept.
30th
02
10
00
LEFT by
Matthew White,
Esq
yearly to be paid in
December,
OUT of a House in
Pilgrim-street,
lately in the Possession of
Thomas Marshall,
the Sum of
01
10
00
LEFT by
Isabel
Wife of
William Wrightson,
Esq
the Sum of 50
l.
THE Interest yearly to be paid on
Sept.
30
02
10
00
LEFT by
Leonard Wetherly,
Gent, the Sum of 20
l.
THE Interest yearly to be paid on
Sept.
11th
01
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Richard Randal
the Sum of 7
l.
LEFT by Mrs.
Ann Davison
the Sum of 200
l.
The Interest of which to be distributed at two Doles, 5
l.
each, (viz.) on St.
Thomas
's Eve, and on the 7th of
February.
LEFT by Mr.
William Harrison
the Sum of 50
l.
THE Interest yearly to be paid on St.
Andrew
's Day
02
10
00
LEFT by Mrs.
Margaret Ramsey
the Sum of 20
l.
THE Interest to be yearly distributed for ever
01
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
James Coward
the Sum of 20
l.
THE Interest to be yearly distributed for ever
01
00
00
MRS.
Eleanor Allan
of the Town and County of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
Widow, did by a Deed of Gift, bearing Date
Feb.
20th, 1705, assign a Farmhold and Tenant-right, in
Walls-end,
in the County of
Northumberland,
held under the Dean and Chapter of
Durham,
of the yearly Value 61
l.
19
s.
5
d.
to Trustees, in Trust to herself for Life, and after her Death (which happened
Jan.
21st 1708) for setting up a School for teaching 40 Boys and 20 Girls, of the Parish of St.
Nicholas,
and Chapelry of St.
John;
which was accordingly done,
A. D.
1709. The Boys are taught to read, write, and cast Accompt; and after they have for that End been a sufficient Time in the School, they are, by the Trustees for the said School, put out to some Trade, or put to Sea, and have 40
s.
a-piece allow'd them for that Purpose, as also a Bible and Common-Prayer bound up together; a whole Duty of Man, and Mr.
Lewis
's Explanation of the Church Catechism. The Girls are taught to read, write, few and knit, and when they are perfect therein, they are put out to Trades, or to Service; and have 20
s.
allow'd them, with a Bible, Whole Duty of Man, and Catechism, as the Boys. The Boys are taught by a Master, who has a Salary of 25
l. per Ann.
and 20
s.
for Coals. The Girls are taught by a Mistress, who has 10
l. per Ann.
and 10
s.
for Coals.
A. D.
1718. The Inhabitants, of the Parish of St.
Nicholas
resolv'd upon an annual Subscription for Cloathing the poor Children belonging to the said School, and they are accordingly cloathed new every Year upon the first Day of
May.
THIS Charitable Foundation hath received some Addition, by the generous Benefaction of some other well disposed Christians; for
A. D.
1723 Mr.
Gilbert Campel,
Inn-holder, in the said Parish, left by his Last Will 20
l.
and Mr.
Samuel Nichols,
Organist of the Parish Church of St.
Nicholas,
left in the same Year 10
l.
both which Sums of Money are order'd to be put out at Interest, for the Benefit of this School.
MRS. —
Chisholm,
Widow of the Rev. Mr.
Chisholm,
of
Wooler,
in the County of
Northumberland,
did
A. D.
, pay to the Corporation of
Newcastle,
the Sum of 500
l.
to receive the Interest of the same to herself for Life, and after her Death to go to the Use of this School for ever.
NETHER-DEAN-BRIDGE.
DIRECTLY opposite to the East Window of St.
Nicholas
Church is the
Nether-dean-bridge,
which you descend into by some Stairs, that lead from the
Church-yard.
IT is called so, because it goes over the
Dean
or
Syke
lower down the Town than the other Bridge; for as the
Higher-bridge
has the Name of the
Upper-dean-bridge,
because it is higher in the Town, so this being lower in the Town, has the Name of the
Nether-dean-bridge.
It is a little narrow Lane which leads into
Pilgrim-street.
Formerly, when the Merchants had their Shops and Ware-houses in the
Flesh-market,
the River ebb'd and flow'd above this Bridge, and the Boats came under it with the Wares and Commodities of the Merchants. But it is chiefly Famous because the
Roman Wall
went along it. It came from the Vicar's Garden, through the Body of St.
Nicholas
Church, then along this Street, and so on into
Pandon.
As you descend the Stairs afore-mention'd into this Lane, there is an
Alms-house
on the left Hand for two or three poor Women, but it has no Allowance.
CHAP. VIII.
Of PILGRIM-STREET.
T HIS Street got it's Name from the
Pilgrims,
who came from all parts of this Kingdom to worship at our
Lady
's
Chapel
at
Gesmond,
or
Jesumunde,
or as it is called in some ancient Writings
Jesumuth,
is it pleasant Village, on the North-East of
Newcastle,
Distant from it about
2
Miles; it appertained to the Barony of
Robert de Gaugy,
as appears by a Certificate given in the Third of
Hen.
the 3d. of such Manours, as his Barony did consist of, for which he was obliged to the Service of
Three Knights Fees.
Mag. Brit. Vol.
3. Adamus de Athol,
who lies buried in the Chapel of the
Holy Trinity,
in St.
Andrew
's Church, lived in this Village, and is called
Dominus de Jesmond:
The
Orde
's Family was also in Possession of it.
There are still to be seen the Ruins of the
Chapel
and
Hospital
of our
Lady
in this Village. The
Hospital
is now a Dwelling-house; but the Chapel is chang'd into something worse, being turn'd into a Stable.
I am told, and it is very probable, that this
Chapel
and
Hospital
are at present the Property of Mr.
Robert Andrew
of
Gateshead.
Gesmond.
THERE was an Inn in this Street, which the
Pilgrims
in their Journey were wont to call at, which occasioned their constant coming up this Street, and so it got it's Name of
Pilgrim-street,
as the
Inn
did that of the
Pilgrims Inn.
As you descend this Street, you have on the left Hand a Passage to the
Carliol-croft,
which is a large Field (formerly the Property of the
Carliols,
now of
John Rogers,
Esq
) bounded on one Side with the Town's Walls, and on the other by the
Gardens
on this Side of
Pilgrim-street.
ON that Side of it, next the
Town-Wall
is a very agreeable Walk, generally frequented in a Summer's Evening by the
Gentry
of this Part of the Town; The Prospect of the Gardens, some of which are exceeding Curious, affording a good deal of Pleasure.
THERE is a Passage from this Field into the
Manour-Chare.
In the Year
1351,
Sir
In the 23d, 24th, and 25th of
Edward
the
First, Robert de Hilton,
of
Hilton,
in the County Palatine of
Durham,
had Summons to Parliament amongst the Barons of this Realm; and in the 4th of
Edward
the 2d was in that Expedition then made into
Scotland.
This
Robert
married
Margaret,
one of the Three Coheitesses to
Marmaduke de Thwenge,
and left issue Two Daughters his Heirs,
viz. Isabel,
married to
Walter de Penwardyn,
and
Maud
to
Hotham.
After this, there is mention made of
Alexander de Hilton,
who in the 7th of
Edward
the
Third,
served in the Scottish Wars with
Ralph
Lord
Nevil,
and had Summons to Parliament in the 6th and 9th of
Edward
the
Third,
but no longer.
This is in all Probability the same
Alexander
with him above mentioned.
The present Gentlemen,
John Hilton,
Esq
a regular Descendant of this ancient Family, lives in the Place of his Ancestors, which he has adorned and Beautified beyond what was done in past Ages; in particular the
Chapel,
famous in this Country for it's
Irish-Wood,
is so furnished with
Place
and
Books,
and
other Necessaries,
that it Merits the Character of a very beautiful
Chapel.
This Family is the ancientest in
England,
that bears a Coat of Arms.
Alexander
of
Hilton,
and
Matilda
his Wife, the two Patrons of the
Chapel
of
Gesmonde,
presented to it one Sir
William
of
Heighington
to be Chaplain, who was accordingly instituted by
Thomas Hatfield,
Bishop of
Durham,
and after that inducted; as was attested at
Auckland, June
the
12th, 1351.
But on the 27th of the Month following he gave it up, declaring he had no right or Title to it. The Copy of the Original of this Account I had from Dr.
Hunter
of
Durham,
and is as follows.
UNiversis S. Matris filiis, ad quos praesentes, Literae pervenerint. Thomas permissione Divina
Dunelm'
Episcopus salutem in amplexibus Salvatoris. Noverit Universitas Vestra quod nos dilectum nobis in Christo Dom' Willielmum de Heighyngton Capellanum ad Liberam Capellam de Jesmuth infra Parochiam Novocastri Dunelm' Dioces' situatam, ad quam per Dom' Alexandrum, de Hilton Militem & Matildam Uxorem ejus veros Patronos ejusdem nobis presentatus existit, admissimus & ipsum in capellanum perpetuum ejusdem Canonice instituimus in eadem, ipsum
que
Corporalem possessionem ejusdem induci fecimus, cum suis juribus & pertinentiis universis. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum fecimus hiis aponi. Dat' apud Auckland, 120 Die Mensis Junii Ao Dom' 1351, & nostrae consecrationis septimo.
Memorand' quod 27 die Mensis Julii Anno Dom' 1351 infra Manerium de Auckland, Dictus Dominus Willielmus renunciavit omni Juri & omnimodi auctoritati quod & quam in praedicta Capella vel ad eam habuit, seu quovis modo habere poterit in futurum, asserens se nullum habuisse unquam nec habere titulum in hac parte.
To this Village it was that a great Number of the People of
Newcastle,
headed by some of the
Aldermen,
and principal Men of the Town, came to kill the
Prior
of
Tinmouth,
in the first of the Reign of King
Henry
the Eighth; as may be seen in that Year.
In the 3d of
Edw.
6th, the Town got a Grant of the
Chapel
of the Blessed
Mary
of
Jesmond,
and some Messuages and Lands in
Jesmond;
under an annual Rent of
3 s. 4 d.
payable out of some Lands in old
Heaton,
and the
Chapel
or
Chantery
of St.
Laurence,
with the Messuages called St.
Laurence
and
Little St. Anne's Close,
and Lands in
Byker,
then in the Possession of
Henry Winklive,
and Lands in
Killingworth,
then in the Possession of
John Humley,
an annual Rent
4 s.
payable oat of the Lands of the then
Christopher Mitford,
in
Old-Heaton.
These were granted in Consideration of
144 l. 13 s. 4 d.
In the same Year the Mayor and Burgesses granted the Hospital of the Blessed
Mary
of
Jesmond,
with the Lands and Grounds belonging to it, to Sir
John Brandling,
his Heirs and Assigns for ever.
The Gentleman of this Place at present is
William Coulson,
Esq
who lately built a very pretty House, and accommodated it with Gardens.
St.
Mary
's Well in this Village, which is said to have had as many Steps down to it, as there are
Articles
in the
Creed,
was lately inclos'd by Mr.
Coulson
for a Bathing-Place; which was no sooner done than the Water left it. This occasioned strange Whispers in the Village and the adjacent Place. The Well was always esteemed of more Sanctity than common Wells, and therefore the Failing of the Water could be looked upon its nothing less than a just Revenge for so great a Prophanation. But alas! the Miracle's at an End, for the Water returned a-while ago in as great Abundance as ever.
Sect. I.
ON the Right-hand, as you descend from this Gate of
Pilgrim-street,
is the
High-Frier-Chare,
which leads into
Newgate-street.
There was in this Lane a
Fryery,
which occasioned it's Name.
IT was situated somewhere about
Ficket-Tower,
which is the next round Tower to
Pilgrim-gate.
THIS appears from the Account of the Ward belonging to this Tower, a Part of which is as follows;
It shall have to Ward,
&c.
with all
Grey-Fryer-Chare,
from the
Barras,
opposite to the
Ficket-Tower,
and the North Kirk Door of the said Fryery, Westward, and no farther Eastward in that Lane.
GREY
in this Part of the Town says, that in the Upper-part of this Street is a Princely House, built out of the Ruins of the Black-Fryers.
THIS is contrary to the Authority above, where it is called the
Grey-Fryer-Chare.
AND besides it is contrary to several ancient Writings, which call this Chare
Vicus qui ducit ad Fratres minores,
or the Chare of the
Vide
Newgate.
Grey-Fryers,
so that it is as great a Mistake to place the
Black-Fryers
here, as to say the
Grey-Fryers
were placed in
Westgate.
Their Situation, according to the Authority above, must have been in the Garden of
Walter Blacket,
Esq
in that Part of it which is opposite to
Ficket-Tower,
and the rest of that Garden must have been the Garden and other Conveniencies of this Monastery. This House was founded by the Family of the
Carliols,
in the Reign of King
Henry
the 3d, for they were (as appears from ancient Writings) a Regular and well settled Body in the Year 1267.
THEY were originally Merchants of this Town, and afterwards landed Men.
TWO of this Family succeeded
Peter Scott,
(who was the First Mayor of
Newcastle,
and Mayor for three Years) from the Year 1254, to the Year 1269.
THIS Situation is also confirmed by the
Milbank
Manuscript which says, that this Fryery was near to
Pilgrim-street-gate,
and that there is a little Lane between it and the Walls, wherein there is an
Alms-house;
but now both the Fryery and it are converted to private Uses.
THIS
Alms-house
flourished as late as Queen
Mary
's Days, for 'tis said in a Writing belonging to Mr.
Richard Wall
of this Town, the Proprietor of these Houses, that in the Year 1555/6, in the Reign of
Philip
and
Mary
it was inhabited by poor Religious Women;
Inhabitant nunc
—
Pauperes mulieres Deo servientes.
THE
Grey-Fryers,
or as they are properly called the
Franciscans,
received their Name from St.
Francis,
born in the Dutchy of
Spoletum
in
Italy,
who was canonized by Pope
Gregory
the
Ninth;
about two Years after whose Death the
Franciscans
came into
England,
and one
Diggs,
(Ancestor of Sir
Dudley Diggs
) bought for them their first Seat in
Canterbury.
THIS Order for School Divinity beat all other Orders, and had a Curious
Library
in
London
(built by
Richard Whittington
) in that Age, costing 550
l.
They afforded in
England
110 learned Writers.
Fuller.
WHILST this Order flourish'd in
England,
this
Province
was divided into 7
Pacts
or
Districts
called
Custodies,
because each of them was governed by the
Provincial,
who had charge of them all, by a particular superior, called
Custos,
or
Keeper,
who had the Power over all the Convents within his
District
or
Custody.
The 7
Custodies
are as follows, The Custody or Wardenship of
London
had nine
Convents,
That of
York
seven Monasteries, That of
Cambridge
seven Monasteries, That of
Newcastle
nine Monasteries (viz.) The Custody or Wardenship of
Newcastle
of the English Province of the
Franciscans, Grey-Fryers,
or
Fryers Minors,
had nine Monasteries.
NEWCASTLE
Monastery in
Northumberland
dedicated to St.
Francis.
DUNDEE,
DUMFRIES
HADDINGTON
Monasteries in
Scotland.
CARLISLE
Monastery
Cumberland.
HARTLEPOOL
Monastery in the Bishoprick of
Durham.
BERWICK
Monastery in
Northumberland.
ROSEBURG
Monastery in
Scotland.
RICHMOND
Monastery in the County of
Richmond
in
Yorkshire.
THIS Monastry of
Newcastle
was conventual, but
Henry
the 7th made them Observants,
Observant,
is a Branch of the
Franciscans,
which are
Minores tam Obsrevantes quam Conventuales & Capuchini.
These we find spoken of
Anno
25.
Hen.
8.
c.
12. who are called
Observants,
because they
are not combin'd together in any
Cloister, Convent
or
Corporation,
as the
Conventuals
are, but only by themselves to observe the Rules of their Order, and more strictly than the
Conventuals
do; and upon a singularity of Zeal seperate themselves from them, living in certain Places of their own chusing, of whom you may read
Hospinian de Orig. & Progress' Monachatus cap. 38. fol. 878.
and therefore by
Harpsfield
is said to be built by him.
Stephens,
2
Addit. Vol.
2d.
AMONGST the learned Men of this Order, we meet with those of
Newcastle.
JOHN Scotus
alias
Duns,
or
Duns Scotus;
there was much Controversy whether he was an English-Man, a Scot, or an Irish-Man. He was a Man of a mean Fortune, of a Wit made for Learning, and wonderful Subtle and Sharp. When he had studied some Years with great Advantage at
Oxford,
he returned into
Northumberland,
his native Country, as some will have it, and took upon him the Habit of St.
Francis
at
Newcastle.
Being afterwards sent to
Oxford,
he again fell to his Studies with great Vehemency, 'till he arrived to be Doctor and Professor of Divinity. Thus he 1st expounded the Master of Sentences at
Oxford;
and afterwards, in the Year 1304, being appointed Professor at
Paris,
by the General of the Order, in the Chapter in
Toulouse,
he there taught a Course of Divinity. Thirdly, he did the same at
Cologne
with wonderful Applause; at which Time there arose at
Cologne
the Controversy about the Conception of the Blessed Virgin
Mary,
whether she was conceived in original Sin or not? All the followers of
Albertus Magnus
affirm'd, that she was;
Scotus
and his Adherents positively asserted the contrary. Here it was that he gained the Title of Dr.
Subtilis;
he publish'd a Lecture on
Genesis. Commentaries on the Gospels
in 4 Books. Several Books on the Epistles of St.
Paul.
Sermons of Saints, and of Particular Times. Two or three Pieces on the Master of Sentences. Quodlibets. Theological Disputations, Of the Knowledge of God. Of the Perfection of States. On all
Aristotle
's Works; and many other Things.
Addit. Seph. Vol.
I.
p.
98.
HE dy'd miserably, 1309, being taken with an Apoplectick Fit, and too hastily buried: For, Nature having too late wrought through the Distemper, he vainly mourn'd for Assistance, 'till, at last, beating his Head against the Tomb-stone, he dash'd out his Brains, and so expir'd. Whereupon a certain Italian wrote thus of him;
Quaecunque humani suerant, jurisque Sacrati
In dubium veniunt cuncta vocante Scoto
Quid? quod & in debium illius sit vita vocata
Morte illum simili ludificante Strophâ.
Quum non ante virum vita ingularat adempta
Quam vivus Tumulo conditus ille foret.
What sacred Writings or prophane can shew,
All Truths were
(Scotus)
call'd in doubt by you,
Your Fate was doubtful too: Death boasts to be
The first that chous'd you with a Falacy;
Who, least your
Subtle
Art your Life should save,
Before she struck, secur'd you in the Grave.
THAT he was born here in
England
I affirm upon the Authority of his own Manuscript Works in the Library of
Merton-College, Oxford,
which concludes thus,
Explicit Lectura, Subtula,
&c.
HERE ends the Lecture of
John Duns,
called Doctor
Subtilis
in the University of
Paris,
who was born in a certain Hamlet in the Parish of
Emeldon,
called
Dunston,
in the County of
Northumberland,
belonging to the House of the Scholars of
Merton-Hall. Gib. pag.
860.
HUGH
of
Newcastle,
is so call'd, that being the Place of his Birth: he was commonly Sirnamed the
Scholastick Doctor;
he was a
Franciscan,
and a diligent Follower, and zealous Defender of
John Scotus;
he took upon him the Habit at
Newcastle;
he was one of the Fourteen about
Scotus
's
Tomb;
he publish'd some Things on the
Master of Sentences,
of the
Last Judgment,
of the
Victory against Antichrist;
he lived about the Year 1320.
Stephens
's
1st Add. Vol. P.
99.
MARTIN Alnwick,
of the Town of that Name in
Northumberland,
took the Habit of St.
Francis,
at
Newcastle,
in his Youth; being afterwards sent to study Philosophy and Divinity at
Oxford,
he acquired notable Knowledge in both, and was made Doctor of Divinity, and Reader of the same among his own Brethren; he writ
Disputations on the Master of Sentences,
and died in the Monastery at
Newcastle.
He flourished about 1336,
1st Addit. Vol. P.
99.
THE
Franciscans
of
Newcastle
were prevailed upon to surrender (for the Abbies above the Value of two hundred Pounds, were not within the Statute of Suppressing, as were the lesser Abbies) on
January
the 9th, in the 30th
Hen.
8th, it consisted of a Warden, eight Fryers, and two Novices.
Sect. II
THE House
Grey
mentioned, was built out of the Ruins of this Fryery; except the North and South Ends of it, which were built by Sir
Wm. Blacket,
Bart, the Grand Father of the present Possessor
Walter Blacket,
Esq
THE Authority above says also, that it is a Princely House, and indeed it is no less than very stately and magnificent; being supposed the most so of any House in the whole Kingdom, within a walled Town. It is surrounded with a vast Quantity of Ground; that Part of it which Faces the Street, is thrown into Walks and Grass Plats, beautified with Images, and beset with Trees, which afford a very pleasing Shade: The other Part of the Ground on the West Side of it, is all a Garden, exceedingly neat and curious, adorned with many and the most beautiful Statues, and several other Curiosities.
BUT this House is not more remarkable or memorable, upon any Account, than for it's having been the Lodgings of King
Charles
the First, whilst he was Prisoner at this Town.
ON this same Side of the Street, a little below the House now mentioned, is the
Upper-Dean-Bridge,
which leads into the
Middle-street, Pullen-market, Flesh-market,
&c. From hence downwards is the most beautiful Part of the Street, the Houses on each Side of it being most of them very pretty, neat, and regular; such are the Houses of Mr.
Edward Harl,
Mr.
Thomas Biggs, John Rogers,
Esq
Thomas Clennell,
Esq
Nicholas Fenwick,
Esq
Nathaniel Clayton,
Esq
Edward Collingwood,
Esq
Mr.
Perith,
Mr.
John White, John Ogle,
Esq
Mr.
Thomas Waters, Matthew White,
Esq
&c. But there is one House in particular, which must be distinguished from the others for it's great Antiquity, and that is the House above-mentioned, called the
Pilgrim
's
Inn:
It is on the West Side of the Street, and adjoins to the North Side of the House of Mr.
Edward Callingwood,
just now mentioned, and is exactly 116 Yards one Foot, from the Southmost Corner of
Upper-Dean-Bridge:
It is holden of the Dean and Chapter of
Durham,
and belongs at present to Mr.
James Hargrave.
Sect. III.
BELOW this House, on the other Side of the Street, is a Lane called,
Manour Chare,
which leads from
Pilgrim-street
to St.
Austin Fryers.
A little below the East-end of this
Chare,
on the Right Hand, is the
Taylors Meeting-house:
It was formerly at the very End of the
Chare,
in that House which Fronts
Pilgrim-street,
which by the Marks still remaining of a large
Window,
seems to have been a
Chapel,
as well as by the Tradition of the People thereabouts. There is a Writing in the Custody of this ancient Fraternity, which I have copied for the Curiosity of it, and is as follows.
TO THE WORSHIP OF GOD,
and the Sustentation of the Procession of
Corpus Christi
Plays in the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
after the laudable and antient Custom of the said Town; and for the avoiding of Disention and Discord that hath been amongst the Crafts of the said Town, as of Manslaughter and Murder, and other Mischiefs in Time coming, which hath been lately attempted amongst the Fellowship of the said Crafts of the Taylors of the said Town: And to induce Love, Charity, Peace, and right amongst the said Fellowship from henceforth, the Eight Day of
October,
in the Year of our Lord GOD
1536,
it is assented, agreed, and fully concluded, and accorded by all the whole Fellowship of the said Craft of Taylors then being, and that in Time to come, shall abide and dwell in the said Town of
Newcastle, Robert Brandling,
then Mayor,
John Wren,
Sheriff,
Thomas Horsley, James Lawson, Gilbert Middleton, Henry Ainsley, Peter Chater,
and
Andrew Bewick,
Aldermen, and Sir
Thomas Tempest,
Knt. Recorder of the said Town; that is to say, First, it is agreed and ordained, that every Man that has been an Apprentice in the said Town, and has fully served his Years of Apprenticohood, by the Purport of the Taylors register and record of his Master, shall be admitted to set up Shop of Taylors Craft and Work, paying at the Beginning, after the old Use and Custom to the Fellowship of the said Craft, a Pot of Oyl to the said Fellowship, and Yearly to the Stewards of the said Fellowship, Thirteen Pence to our
Lady Light,
whilst he shall be of Power, and Dwelling in the said Town, or within
12
Miles of the same;
Thirteen Pence to the Play every Year,
when it shall be played; and that every Steward, Apprentice, Journeyman, or Hireman, working by the Week Four Pence a Year; and that every Hireman by the whole Year, or half Year, Three Pence to the Play every Year, when it shall be played.
ALSO,
it is ordained, that every Man of the same Craft, Born and Free within the said Town of
Newcastle,
that was never an Apprentice in the said Town, shall be admitted to set up Shop of Taylors Craft within the same Town, for Forty Pounds, and to pay
one Pound of Wax
to the Fellowship of the said Craft, and a Pot of Oyl at his first Admittance; saying also Thirteen Pence to the
Lady Light,
Eight Pence
to the Play,
as is aforesaid: And if any of the said Fellowship would take excess for their Hand Labour, or if any will not give them a reasonable Rate for their Hand Labour, the said Twelve Sworn Men shall ponder and assess, duly and truly the Hand Labour, at reasonable Prices for their Work; And that none of the said Fellowship Work in their Craft upon the
Saturday after Eight of the Clock at Evening,
and keep Holy the
Sunday, the Vigils, and Festival Days,
upon Pain of
Six Pound of Wax
for every Default.
ALSO,
it is ordained, that every Man of the said Fellowship, upon
Corpus Christi
Day, shall come to the Procession of the Time assigned, and if he come not to the Fellowship before the Procession past, to pay a Pound of
Wax;
and if he come not before the Procession be ended, to pay two Pound of
Wax.
Also that he come in his Livery, if he be warned so to do, upon Pain of a Pound of Wax: And also that none of the said Craft shall have Livery, nor go in Procession with the said Fellowship, before he hath holden Shop in the said Town by a whole Year; to the intent, that his good Conditions and Demeanours shall be known.
ALSO,
it is ordained, that he that pays not his Yearly Thirteen Pence to our
Lady Light, upon St. John's Day in May,
he shall pay a Pound of
Wax to the same Light,
over and above the said
Thirteen Pence;
and if he pay it not by
Corpus Christi Day,
then we and Fellowship following, if he be of Power so to do; and that amongst the Fellowship well known, he to be discharged of his Livery, or to make reasonable Fine for it.
ALSO,
it is ordained, that all the Taylors now in Being, and that in Time coming, shall be dwelling as Fellows in the said Town, shall every Year, at the Feast of
Corpus Christi Day, go together in a Livery, and play their Play,
at their own Costs, after the Ordinance of their Stewards.
ALSO,
it is ordained that every Brother of the said Fellowship come in his Livery, when he shall be warned by their Beadle; that is to say, to the
Procession upon Corpus Christi Day, St. John in May,
the Day that the Plays shall be play'd, and upon the Day of their general Meeting; and that the Fellowship dispose them to have a Mass and a Dirge for the Brethren of the said Fellowship, and other Meetings to be assigned; and that at the Even of the Day of the making of the same, shall a Dirge be done, and a Mass for the Brethren of the said Fellowship; and likewise shall a Dirge be done, and a Mass upon the Morn for all the Brethren and Sisters of the said Fellowship, passed, present: And that he that is of the said Craft, and not admitted to their Fellowship, who for any Cause induceing him, will have the Fellowship assembled, shall pay to their Beadle Two Pence for assembling them.
ALSO,
it is ordained, that when any Man of the Livery of the said Fellowship dyes, their Light shall go a-fore him to the Church at his Burial, and abide in the Church lighted the Mass Time, and whilst he be buried; And if there be a Dirge done, the Light not to be lighted at the Dirge Time: And when a Man's Wife of the said Livery dyes, the half of the Light shall go before her, in the said Form; and if the whole Light go a-fore her, then to pay Forty Pence to the said Fellowship, for the burning of the Light and warning it, and that the Stewards shall be there to govern the Light: And if any of the said Fellowship, reasonably warned to be there, abide not while the Mass be done, he shall pay a Pound of
Wax,
if he has not a reasonable excuse, to be allowed by the Stewards. And when any of the said Liveries shall be Wedded, if any of the said Fellowship, reasonably warned to be there, comes and abides not while the Mass is done, he shall pay a Pound of
Wax,
unless that he have a reasonable Excuse to be found, at the Discretion of the Stewards.
MOREOVER,
if it happens that any of the said Fellowship, being in the Livery, do Dye, and his good Friends will cause a
Mass and a Dirge
to be done for him, of their proper Cost, every Year of the Day of their Burial: If it please the said Friends of the said Brother, so Dead, to warn the Stewards; then the Beadle shall go to all the Brethren of the said Craft and Livery, and warn them to be at the
Mass
and
Dirge,
if it be done on one Day of their Livery, and them to abide the
Dirge and Mass Time,
upon Pain of
Three Pence,
without a reasonable Excuse provable; and if the
Dirge
be done the Night a-fore, to be at the
Mass
on the Morrow, and at the
Dirge
at their Pleasure.
IN WITNESS
whereof to the said whole Fellowship and Brethren of the said Craft, severally have set their Seals, and the said Mayor and Sheriff have set their Seals of Office, and likewise the said Alderman to this Ordinance have set their Seals, and written their own Names with their own Hand, the last Day of
January,
and in the Twenty Eighth Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King
Henry,
after the Conquest of
England,
the Eighth.
A little below this Hall of the Taylors, and the Appurtenances thereof, was probably the House of
Laurentius Acton,
which border'd on the
South,
upon the House of the present Mr.
Thomas Waters.
This
Laurentius
was Mayor of
Newcastle
1433, 1435, 1436, 1437, in the Reign of
Henry
the 6th. Opposite to this House of
Laurentius Action,
is the Market for Wheat and Rye, every
Tuesday
and
Saturday.
BELOW this again are
three narrow Lanes,
two on the West-side of the Street, and one on the East: Those on the West are the
Nether-Dean-Bridge,
leading into St.
Nicholas
Church-yard, which has been spoken of before, and the
Painter-Hugh,
or as it is called in a Writing, as old as
Edward
the Third's Reign,
Payntourhogh,
which leads into the Street called the
Side.
It is from
Pilgrim-street
a very great Descent into the
Side;
but it is made tollerably easy, by having
Stairs
on one Side of it. It seems to have got it's Name from the River flowing by the Bottom of it up to the
Nether-Dean-Bridge,
&c. For
Hugh
signifies a
Steep-Hill,
or
Bank,
and
Painter
is a Term made use of by the
Sailors
for a
Rope,
which they fasten the Boat with. This Street therefore was called the
Painter-Hugh,
because it was the
Hugh
which the
Painters
were made fast to.
ONE
William Porter
had a House at the End of this Street, which he granted to
John de Chambers,
a Burgess of this Town, in the Reign of King
Edward
the Third,
Anno
1361, on Condition that he paid to the
Prioress
and Convent of
Lambly,
eighteen Shillings
per Annum.
THE other Lane or Street, on the East of this Street, is
Silver-street,
close by the North-side of
All-hallows Church-yard;
it leads into
Pandon.
It is said, but very improbably, to have got it's Name of
Silver-street,
because of the
Fish-market,
which was kept a little below it, at the
Stock-Bridge.
It was anciently called
All-Hallowgate,
for
All-Hallowgate
is said to be
Ex parte Boreali Ecclesiae omnium Sanctorum;
it was also called
Temple-gate.
Mr.
Nicholas Lamb,
whose House is in this Street, finds it called
Jewgate,
in his Writings; but when, or for what Reason it bore that Name, I know not.
WE come now to the
Church
of
All-Hallows,
which stands a little below
Silver-street,
and on the same Side of the Street with it,
viz.
at the very Bottom of this
Pilgrim-street.
Sect. IV.
Of
ALL-HALLOWS CHURCH.
WHO this Church was founded by, I have met with no Account, nor any of the Time it was built in; only this is certain, it must have been built before the Year 1286, but how long before, I know not. For in that Year I meet with an Account of
Mr.
Smith,
P. 245.
the
Church-yard
of
All-Hallows,
which is a plain Proof that the Church was then in Being.
GREY
is of Opinion that it was dedicated to
All-Hallows,
or
All-Saints,
from the ancient Name of that Part of the
Town Pampedon,
which he says was so called from
; imagining, I suppose, that it was so called of the
Romans,
All-Hallows
Church.
(who inhabited this Part of the Town) after the
Temple
at
Rome,
the
Pantheon,
which was dedicated to
all the Gods.
THIS Church is seated upon a Hill, which is much about the same Height with the Situation of St.
Mary
's in
Gateshead,
and upon the same Line with it.
IT is not so long as St.
Nicholas,
being only 55 Yards, one Foot, a Quarter long; but it is broader, as being 25 Yards, two Foot broad. The
Steeple
is but or a mean Height, being a Square Tower, with only one
Spire
arising from it. The Bells belonging to this Church were founded in the Year 1696. They were cast out of the Metal of that famous
Statue
of King
James
the Second, which stood on the
Sand-Hill.
They were founded in the Ground belonging to St.
Austin Fryers,
in that Part of it, which is in the Back-side of the
Hospital
of the
Holy Jesus.
Their Sound is not so Melodious as the others in this Town, but the Note is exceedingly exact, and more tuneful than the others.
WHATEVER
Robert Rhodes
did to this
Steeple,
his Name is under the Belfry of it, as at St.
Nicholas.
In one of the Registers belonging to this Church of
All-Hallows,
we have the following Account. About the
Round
where the Bells are drawn up into the Bell-house in the
Steeple,
there is written,
Orate pro anima Roberti Rhodes.
His
Arms
are also without, at the East-end of the Church, on the
Breast
of an
Angel;
which, as I take it, is a
Tyger,
or
Grey-hound
on a
Chief,
and
three Annulets
on the
Escutcheon.
The like is in St.
Nicholas
Church,
&c.
In St.
John
's also, on the Out-side of the
South Porch,
over-against the
Alms-house,
there is on a Square,
Orate pro anima Roberti Rhodes.
I have also seen the same in
Tinmouth Castle
in a
Round,
on the North-side, after you are within the Gate, upon the
Wall;
which be-like was in some Part of that great
Church,
when it was a
Cell
of St.
Alban
's.
UPON the East-end of the
Chancel,
in the South-east Window, there was the Picture of our Saviour at large, but in the Time of the
Rebellion
it was wholly taken away.
NEXT to it, as you go up the South-side; there was the Picture of a
Boy
standing upon chequer'd Pavement, as it seemed, and on the Glass under him,
Like as the
Jamen
moist and cold,
Is full of Tempest Day by Day,
So is one Child of ten Years old,
Hath no Understanding, but all on Play.
THE same Authority adds, I suppose the rest of the Months were also in this Window in former Times, but I have seen it only; and it was taken away also in the Time of the Rebellion.
IN the Window above the South Door, which leads into the Quire, towards the Porch, were the Pictures of
Roger Thornton
's Children,
Two Men
and
Three Women
Kneeling at Altars. There remain now only
Two
of the Women.
THERE are higher up this Isle, in the Windows towards the Porch some Characters, one is like an (I) with an (S) through it, and other
Three Characters,
which are the Merchants
Skin-mark,
for they are but a little Different from the
Skin-mark,
which is upon the Stone of
Christopher Elmer.
It is a Token that some Merchant was a Benefactor to the Church, and perhaps some Part of the South Wall of the Church: I take it to be the
Skin-mark
of
Roger Thornton,
for the very same is in the
Chantery
of St.
Peter,
over-against his Tomb.
TRADITION says, that from the West-end of the Vestry to the Porch, the old South Wall was taken away, and rebuilt further into the Church-yard by
Roger de Thornton.
That the old Wall was farther into the Church than the Wall now is, is plain from the Piece of it now remaining, which is on the East-end of the
Vestry;
and I think the Pictures in the Windows above-mentioned, is a good Confirmation of the Truth of the Tradition of the Builder. In that Window next the Porch Door, but one, there have been the Pictures of the
Twelve Apostles.
There are now only remaining St.
Matthew,
St.
James
the Less, St.
Andrew,
St.
Philip,
St.
James
Major, and another.
THERE are three Galleries in this Church, one on the West-end, and, another on the East-end of the Nave, and the other in the North-Isle. That on the West-end was built in the Year 1712. The
Organ
which was plac'd in the middle of it was built at the same Time. It is a very long Gallery, and by much the most beautiful in the Church. On the North-end of it are the Seats of the Children belonging to the
Charity-School.
The Gallery on the West-end, is called the
Butchers Gallery.
THE other Gallery on the North-Isle is the
Sailors Gallery.
It is said in a Memorandum made at the Bottom of it, to have been
built and finished by the
Trinity-house
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
in the Year
1618, John Holbourne
then Master.
It was beautified in the Year 1720,
Robert Bailiff
being then Master, with three or four Devices on the South-side of it. One Pannel has the Picture of
St.
Paul
's Shipwreck;
another, our
Saviour's being asleep in the Storm;
then there is the Arms of the
Trinity-house;
another Draught is that of our Saviour's taking
Peter by the Hand when he was sinking in the Waves;
and the other is that of
Jonah vomited up upon the dry Land.
THE
Chancel
of this Church stands upon a large
Vault,
which consists of a
pretty long Entrance, arched at the Top,
and of a
pretty large Square Room, with a curious Pillar in it,
which is the grand Support of eight large
Stone Arches.
The Entrance into this
vault
is in the
Church-yard,
on the
North-side
of it.
AS you enter into the
Chancel
from the
Nave
of the Church, you have on the left Hand of you, an
old Pair of Stairs,
to which are adjoining the
Stairs
of the
Butchers Gallery:
These
Stairs
formerly led into the same Place, but then it was into a
Gallery
different from what the
Butchers Gallery
is now. They led into a
Loft
or
Gallery
called the
Rood Loft.
THE
Rood
was an Image of our Saviour upon the Cross, made generally of
Wood,
and placed on a
Loft
made for that Purpose, just over the Passage out of the
Church
into the
Chancel;
out of this Mystery, they say, that the
Church
represents the
Church Militant,
and the
Chancel
the
Church Triumphant;
and who will pass out of the Former into the Latter, must go under the
Rood Loft,
that is, they must go under the
Cross, and suffer Affliction.
This
Image
was wont to have the
Virgin Mary
on one Side of it, and St.
John
on the other.
Stavely, C. Hist. P.
199.
A few Years ago the
Chancel
was beautifyed. It is pannel'd round with Wainscot. The Table is a large curious
Marble Stone,
which was given to the Church for that Use by an unknown Hand. On the large Pannel, immediately above the
Altar,
is this Figure;
I. H . S.
or,
Jesus Hominum Salvator:
Above that again is the Picture of a
Dove,
curiously carved in
Wood;
and above that again, in a
Golden Glory,
is the great Name of God
, which signifies his most absolute self Existence:
He was, and is, and is to come.
THIS is to point out, by way of Emblem, the Persons of the
Trinity.
God the Father, by the Word
JEHOVAH,
he having order'd
Moses,
when he went to the
Israelites,
to bring them out of
Egypt;
to say,
I
Exod. iii. 14.
AM hath sent thee,
or the Lord
Jehovah,
who exists eternally, or always is. The
Dove
is the Emblem of the
Holy Ghost;
for he is said to have descended
in a bodily Shape like a
Mark iii. 16.
Dove.
And the Letters with the Cross in the Middle of them, Point out the second Person of the
glorious Trinity,
who dyed upon the Cross for the Sins of the World.
ON the Top of the East-end of the Altar, above the Things now mentioned, are the Representations of
Three large Candles,
which are an Emblem of the
Light of the
Vid. Vulg. Antiquit' P. 133. & Wheatley Com. Prayer. Pa. 109.
Gospel,
which either is, or shou'd be read at the
Altar.
ON the
South-side
of the
Altar
is a
Prothesis,
or
Side-Altar,
that the Priest, according to the
Rubrick,
may more conveniently Place the Elements upon the
Altar.
PLATE
belonging to
ALL-HALLOWS,
and their Inscriptions.
The greater Flaggon.
IN usum Ecclesiae Omnium Sanctorum apud
Novicastrenses
Lagenam hanc dono dedit
MICHAEL MIDFORD
Mercator, in Testimonium Pieatis erga Deum & Patriam. An. Sal.
MDCXCVIII.
Underneath that,
Calix Benedictionis cui Benedicimus, nonne Communicatio Sanguinis Christi est?
The lesser Flaggon.
D
o
O. M.
& Omnium Sanctorum Sacello Dicat Consecrat
que
This Gentleman was the Town's Physician, and had a Salary allowed him from the Corporation. He was confessed a Man very knowing in his Profession, and of great Piety and Religion. The Rev. Mr.
T. Atherton,
his Son,
B. D.
who was born in this Town, and Educated at the great School here, Fellow of
Christ College
in
Cambrid
e.
and for many years the chief Tutor of that Society, is now
Rector
of
Little Canfield
in
Essex.
The Place of Town's Physician, was after the Death of Dr.
Atherton
disposed of, and still is, to such a Number of Surgeons to attend the Poor, as the
Mayor
for the Time being thinks proper.
Whilst I am upon this, and commemorating a worthy Physician of this great Town, I must not omit to observe that this Place was probably never better served this Way, than at present. The following Gentlemen, viz.
John Lowther,
Esq
M. D.
of
Sidney College
in
Cambridge; Adam Askne, M. D.
of St.
John
's
College
in
Cambridge; William Cowper, M. D.
of
Leyden; Cuthbert Lambert, M. D.
educated at
D
way
in
France;
are Men eminent in their Profession, and shine among the Crowd of those who always frequent a Place so populous.
H. Atherton,
M. D. Dec'r
25, 1697.
Two Challices mark'd
A.
S.
H.
with Covers.
Church Wardens, 1628.
Robert Blenkinsop,
Laurence Carr,
Wm. Gibson,
Wm. Duxfield,
Two other Callices, which have been gilded with Gold, with Covers, 1571.
A Silver Dish, Weighing 34, 14. Gilded with Gold.
Dicavit Deo Ecclesae O'ium Sanctorum infra Villam
Novicastri
super
Tinam,
Anno Salutis,
1718.
Two Salvers mark'd
A.
S.
H.
with this Inscription,
Corpus meum hoc est.
Neman Shafto, Church Wardens, 1629.
Robert Young, Church Wardens, 1629.
Hen. Rowcastle, Church Wardens, 1629.
Tho. Roderforth, Church Wardens, 1629.
THERE were
Seven Chanteries
belonging to this Church. The Chantery of St.
Thomas;
The Chantery of our
Lady;
The Chantery of St.
John,
the Evangelist; The Chantery of St.
Peter;
The Chantery of St.
Catherine;
The Chantery of St.
Elgie
or St.
Loye,
and the Chantery of St.
John
the Baptist and St.
John
the Evangelist.
1. THE Chantery of St.
Thomas
was founded by
John Puthore,
Clerk, the Yearly Value 4
l.
8
s.
4
d.
2. The Chantery of our
Lady,
no Deed of Foundation to be shewn; 4
l.
5
s.
10
d.
3. THE Chantery of St.
John
the Evangelist, founded by
Richard Willisby
and
Richard Fishlake;
the Deed of Foundation is lost; which arose out of some Tenements situated in the Sandhill and Side; 4
l.
15
s.
4
d.
4. THE Chantery of St.
Peter
is that waste Place above the Vestry, opposite to the Tomb of
Roger de Thornton.
This was founded by the said
Roger de Thornton,
as appears from the Licence granted to the said
Roger
Vide
Foundation of St.
Catherine
's Hospital.
Licentiam Dedimus praefato
Rogero
quod ipse quandam Cantariam de Uno Capellano Divina ad Altare Beati Petri in Capella omnium Sanctorum celebraturo, &c
by King
Henry
4th. It was erected about the Year 1411, that he might be pray'd for whilst he liv'd, and his Soul when he was dead (by a Priest set a-part for that Purpose) together with the Souls of his Father and Mother; and
Angnes
his Wife, and also of his Ancestors and his Children, and the whole Company of the Faithful departed, as is mentioned in the King's Grant to him.
ON the East-end of this Chantery there are still remaining the Pictures of St.
Lewis,
St.
Barbara,
and St.
Elisabeth.
THE yearly Value of this Chantery was 6
l.
5. THE Chantery of St.
Catherine
was founded in the Reign of
Edward
the Third, by
Robert
of
Chirton,
Burgess of
Newcastle,
and
Marriot
his Wife, who was the Daughter and Heirefs of
Hugh Hankyn
and
Beatrix
his Wife; The yearly Value of it, 5
l.
3
s.
8
d. All-Hallows Vest.
IN the Book above-mentioned, belonging to the Church of
All-Hallows,
we are told, that there is at the South-East End of the Church, upon the Out-side, a fair
E
and
F,
and on each of them half a Catherine-Wheel; but what they signify no Man living knoweth. At present there is no such Thing. Whose Name the Letters were placed for, I believe it is indeed impossible for any Man living to tell: But as for the Catherine-Wheels, it is easy to conclude that they are plac'd on the South-East end of the Church to signify that St.
Catherine
's Chantery or Altar was under the South-East Window.
6. THE Chantery of St.
Loye
or St.
Elgie,
founded by
Richard Pickering
in the Reign of
Edward
the 3d, the yearly Value 3
l.
8
s.
4
d.
JOHN Dent,
Esq
by Deed dated 12th of
Feb.
in the 35th Year of
Hen.
the 6th, granted an annual Rent of 8
s.
issuing out of his Houses, to
Richard Doxforth
the then Priest of this Chantery.
7. THE Chantery of St.
John
the Baptist, and St.
John
the Evangelist by
John Ward.
7
l.
15
s.
8
d.
AMONGST the Chanteries of this Church we meet with none of the
Holy Trinity;
but in the 16th of the Reign of King
Hen.
the 8th, after the
Mariners
became a Body, and their House was called the
Trinity-house,
we find an Altar in it dedicated to the
Trinity;
for in one of their Writings 'tis said, that
Thomas Hebborne
should be Partaker of all
Masses, Good-Prayers,
and
Suffrage,
which should afterwards be celebrated, said, and done by the
Chaplain
and
Priest
of the said Fraternity within the
Trinity-house,
and at the
Trinity-Altar
within the Church of
All-Hallows
for evermore.
I know not where to fix the Place of this Altar, any more than I can fix particularly, the Places of some of the ancient Chanteries; except it was, as some will naturally Conjecture, in the
Porch
behind their
Gallery.
And yet there are some Reasons against this Supposition; For this
Porch
was a
Chantery,
they had only an
Altar;
and as a
Chantery,
it must have been filled with a
Priest,
who had an
Altar
to himself and consequently their
Altar
must have been some where else. If it be said that they perhaps built this
Porch,
I answer, that if they had done so, it would have been called a
Chantery
not only an
Altar.
Besides, the Building is visibly older than their
Chapel,
their
Priest,
or their
Altar.
For they can scarce be supposed to have had any one of the
Three,
before the Beginning of the Reign of King
Henry
the Eighth, and that's a Date too late for so old a Piece of Building.
Of the
Burial Places
and
Monuments
in the
South-Isle;
some of which are these following.
NIGH the Church Porch is a large
Blue Stone,
the Burial Place of Mr.
William Milbourne,
Hoastman, who dyed in the Year 1662. This Stone formerly belonged to St.
Austin
's
Fryery,
and was removed from thence by
Thomas Ledger,
when he was Mayor, in the Time of the
Civil Wars.
He brought it to St.
Nicholas Church,
and order'd one
Milbourne,
a Mason, to erase the ancient Inscription. But
inding no Room to lay it where his Father was buried in St.
Nicholas,
he sold it to the Mason, who sold it again, to the Person whose Name it still b
ars.
HENRY Milbourne;
Hoastman, 1
98.
JOHN Binks,
Master and Mariner.
Dorothy,
his Wife departed,
March
the 11th, 1722.
MARCUS Browellus,
Generos' Attorn
t' de Banco, Soc' Hospit' Furnival, Lond' Hoc sibi et suis posuit, et caelis Parata Aeterna Mansio.
Ipse Obiit secuudo Die Novembris, Anno Domini, 1729.
STEPHEN Coulson,
Merchant Adventur
, married
Mary,
Daughter of Mr.
Henry Waters,
Hoastman: She departed,
July
the 6th, 1728. He the above named
Stephen Coulson,
Esq
Alderman, and sometime Mayor of this Town, departed this Life,
October
25th, 1730.
SEPULCRUM Wolstani Paston.
WILLIAM Harrison,
Hoastman,
July
10th, 1721.
AS you go from the South-Isle into the Body of the Church, there is a large
Blue Stone,
which was the Stone of
Christopher Elmer,
as appears from the Beginning of the present Inscription.
ANOTHER Authority in this Church, calls this Stone an
ancient Stone,
and says the ancient Inscription was, Jesus have Mercy of the Souls of
Christopher Elmer,
his Wife and Children, and of all Souls, Mercy, Mercy, Lord.
THERE was on it the
Elmer
's
Arms,
the Merchants Arms, and his
Skin Mark
which was ✚
4
JOHN Henzell,
1725.
THE Burial Place of
John Morris,
Hoastman.
SUB hoc Marmore tumulantur Exuviae Edwardi Collingwood, de Byker, Armigeri Northumbrae Vice comitis Anno 1699. Qui obijt 11mo Aprilis, 1701, Anno
que
Aetatis 71. Una cum Uxoris Annae Exuvijs, Quae obijt 30 Novembris, 1694, per quam Hos habuit liberos, Radulphum, & Martinum Mortuos, Edvardum & Dorotheam Superstites.
DOROTHEA Collingywood, Vita decessit duodecimo die Decembris, 1701. & hic Sepulta. Gulielmus Filius Secundus dicti Edvardi Filij obijt Secundo Die Martij, 1709. Edvardus Filius obijt primo Die Martij, 1720. Maria Filia Natu Prior Dicti Edvardi Filij obijt Decimo Die Junij, 1724. Maria Filia Gulielmi Bigg Generosi Uxor dicti Edvardi Filij obijt duodecimo Die Octobris, 1727, Quinque Enixa Liberos, viz. Edvardum, Mariam, Annam, Isabellam, & Gulielmum, Isabella Filia Natu minima dicti Edvardi, Filii obijt nono die Octobris, 1728.
AT the East-end of this Tomb of the Family of the
Collingwood
's, under a Stone with a Latin Inscription on it, which formerly belonged to one
Blount,
lies interr'd the Body of
Margaret Bourne,
Wife of
Henry Bourne,
Curate of this Church of
All-Hallows.
She dyed
August
the 8th, 1727, in the 30th Year of her Age.
D. O. M.
M. S.
THOMAE HOCKIN,
Gen' & ROGERI CLARKE,
Proponetis ejus Devonia nati una
Eodem
que
die Sept. Scilt . Octo Salutis
Anno MDCLXVIII. Aetatis Autem
Thomae LXX. Rogeri XIX.
Novocastro super Tinam,
Invicem moriere.
JOHANNES CLARKE,
Posteriori patruus
Utrique charus.
H. M. M.
Hie cecidêre duo, queis
Non Separavit amata
Sors eadem vivis thalamo
Morientibus Urna.
NEAR to this Monument of
Thomas Hockin,
is an old Stone, with this Inscription upon it.
Here lieth Buried under this Stone,
The Right Worshipful Mr.
Robert Ellison,
Merchant Adventurer, of this Town Twice
Right Mayor he was
All worldly Pomp for ever thus must pass.
Elisa,
his Wife, his Children, and Friends him by,
With all shall rise at the last Cry.
One Thousand six hundred seventy and seven,
The last of
January
he went to Heaven.
SEVERAL Years ago the Church Wardens were desired by one
Matthew Blount,
to sell this Stone; but they loathed the Request, because it bore the Name of a Mayor of
Newcastle,
which they knew, after the Sale of it, would not be long there.
JOHN Armorer,
Hoastman,
CHRISTIAN Bulman, Oct.
8. 1723.
RALPH Soursby
Merchant Adventurer.
NEAR the Quire-Door is an old Stone, which formerly belonged to Mr.
Robert Brandling;
upon which was the
Brandling
's
Arms,
with this Inscription.
Here lyeth laid under this Place,
Robert Brandling,
Merchant Adventurer, by God's Grace,
Margaret,
his Wife, and Children dear,
In fear of God they lived here.
Like as the Brand doth flame and burn,
So we from Death to Life must turn.
MR.
Nicholas Fenwick
had this Stone given him by one Mr.
Brandling,
who lived at
Ipswich,
and caused the said Inscription to be obliterated; after that he set upon it the
Arms
of the
Fenwicks.
NIGH to this is another Stone belonging to the same Family of the
Fenwicks.
CHARLES Atkinson,
Hoastman.
THERE is an old Stone which lies between the
Vestry
and
Quire-Door,
with it's Inscription erased. It belonged to
Alderman Leonard Carr,
who gave 5
l.
yearly for ever to the Poor of this Parish, and appointed it out of divers Houses in the
Butcher-bank.
He was an Alderman of the Town before the
Rebellion,
and turned out by the
Rebels.
HE deserves a better Monument.
OPPOSITE to the
Vestry,
on the South-side of the
Altar,
is a large Stone of that Kind call'd
Touch-stone,
raised above the Level of the
Church.
It is covered with
Brass
on the Top of it, which has cut in it the Effigies of
Roger Thornton,
and his Wife, and also the Pictures, of the
Apostles
and other
Saints,
together with the
Arms
of his own Family, and that of the Family of the
Lamleys.
Because the
Arms
of the
Lumleys
are on the Tomb, along with
Thornton's Arms,
it has been concluded, that the Daughter of this
Roger
married into this Family; but this is a grand Mistake. This
Roger
died in the Year
1429.
in the Reign of
Hen.
the 6th. Whereas Sir
George Lumley,
who married
Elizabeth,
the Daughter of
Roger Thornton,
died in the 23d of
Hen.
the 7th,
1508.
It was therefore
Roger Thornton
's Grand-Daughter, the Daughter of his Son
Roger Thornton,
that was married into this Family.
Dugdale
in his
Bar. Lumley,
gives the following Account.
Thomas Lumley,
having been summoned to Parliament from the first of
Edward
4th to the 12th of
Hen.
7th inclusive, by Reason he had married a Bastard Daughter of King
Edward
the 4th, departed this Life, leaving Issue
George
his Son and Heir, which
George
took to Wife
Elizabeth,
one of the Daughters and Heirs of
Roger Thornton,
Esq
a very wealthy Merchant of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
by whom he had the Lordships of
Witton, in Com' Northumbr' Lulworth
and the
Isle
in the Bishoprick. This
Roger
founded the House of
White-fryers
in
Newcastle.
But after this Marriage, possessing these Land, in the Right of his Wife, there happened great Suits, and sharp Contests, between
Giles Thornton,
a Bastard Son to the said
Roger,
and him, concerning the Inheritance of them: In which Quarrel this
George
kill'd the same
Giles,
in the Ditch at
Windsor-Castle.
This
George
lies interr'd amongst his Ancestors in
Chester
Church, in the County of
Durham;
He had Issuely the Daughter of
Roger Thornton,
Sir
Thomas Lumley;
he died Anno
23 Hen. 7.
John Thornton
of
Netherwittton,
Esq
is a Descendant of this Family of the
Thornton
's of
Newcastle,
and a very regular Possessor and Proprietor of the Manour of
Witton.
The Inscription upon the Stone is as follows.
Hic jacet Domisella Agnes quondam Uxor Rogeri Thornton, quae obijt in Vigelia sanctae Katerinae, Anno Domini MCCCCXI propitietur Deus. Amen.
Hic jacet Rogerus Thornton Mercator Novicastri super Tinam qui obijt Anno Domini Millesimo CCCCXXIX & iii Die Januarii.
AS he was in his Life-time a great Benefactor to Churches, Religious Houses, the Poor, &c. so he forgot them not in his last Moments, as appears by his last Will and Testament. Vide Anno Christ. 1429.
JOHN Gibson,
Merchant Adventurer, dy'd 17th of
Feb.
1594.
WILLIAM Robinson,
Goldsmith, 1652.
WILLIAM Ramsey,
sometime Mayor of this Town, 1653.
WILLIAM Ramsey,
Jun. sometime Mayor of this Town, 1716.
Vivimus & Vitae Mors mala Fausta Subit
GEORGE Bulman
Baker and Brewer. 1710.
Nought can exempt from Death's Imperial Hand;
When it arrests the Soul at God's Command;
Each State and Sex, as well the High as Low,
Must once salute the Grave and thither go.
RALPH Grey
Merchant Adventurer, sometimes Sheriff of this Town,
May
30, 1666, aged 82.
The East End of the
CHURCH.
HENRY Rawlin
Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and sometime Mayor of this Town,
May
8th, 1666.
Sepulchrum
Richardi Burdus,
Obijt 20th
Dec.
1719.
JESUS be merciful to the Souls of
Richard Borrel,
his Wife and Children he Obijt 20
Nov.
1508. This is also the burial Place of Mr.
Abraham Dixon,
Master and Marriner, who dy'd
Nov.
11. 1700.
THOMAS Andrew,
5
Oct.
1708.
THOMAS Wallis
's burial Place, Shipwright.
MATTHEW White,
Esq
twice Mayor of this Town, Governour of the Merchant's and Hostman's Companies. He had Issue 10 Children,
Nicholas, Margaret, Elizabeth, Martha, Nicholas, Matthew, Mary, Isabel, Robert,
and
Jane.
He departed
Oct.
10, 1716.
WILLIAM Aubone,
Esq
Merchant Adventurer, Alderman, and sometime Mayor of this Town,
Sept.
20, 1700.
On Marble on the Wall.
UNDER the adjacent Marble is inter'd the Body of
Thomas Wrangham,
the famous and beloved Ship-builder of this Town, he married
Jane
the Daughter of Mr.
Robert Carr,
by whom he left Issue two Sons and one Daughter;
Thomas, William,
and
Jane.
He built
Five and Forty Sail of Ships,
and dyed of a Feaver in the 42d Year of his Age,
May the
26th, 1689. He was a Man of a most generous Temper, of a plain and unaffected Conversation, and a sincere and hearty Lover of his Friend.
Statutum est omnibus semel mori.
THE Stone of the
Wrangham
's belong'd formerly to the Family of
Mr. Robert Babington,
and had his Arms on it.
About a Blue Stone is inscrib'd,
All Worldly Pomp away doth Pass,
Like fading Flowers, and wither'd Grass.
George Borne,
Cooper, and his Wives,
When Death doth end all mortal Strifes,
Trust by the precious Death and Blood-shedding
Of Christ, to have Life everlasting.
THE Date of this is worn off, but I meet with him in the Quality of Church-Warden of
All-Hallows,
in the Year 1578.
In the
NORTH-ISLE.
JOHN Cosyn,
Draper and Alderman, died the 21st of
March, Anno Dom'
1661.
HERE lyeth interr'd the Body of
George Morton,
Draper, Alderman, and
twice Mayor
of this Town, he departed this Life the 26th Day of
November, Anno Dom'
1693.
THIS
John Cosyn,
as well as Mr.
Rawlin,
(whose Monument is over-against his in the South Corner) was an Alderman in the Time of the Rebellion, of whom Sir
George Baker
said, they were not truly Justices, tho' in the Place of Justices. This
Cosyn
was the first
Exciseman
that ever was in this Town, and a
Captain
against the King; yet upon his Stone Mr.
Pringle
(as they say) caused this to be written,
A Conscience pure, unstain'd with Sin
Is Brass without, and Gold within.
BUT some took Offence and said thus,
A Conscience Free he never had,
His Brass was naught, his Gold was bad.
Milbank.
THE Burial Place of
Henry Waters,
Hoastman, and
Dorothy
his Wife, she departed 24th of
Feb.
1719.
GARRET Cocke,
1637.
ROBERT Young,
Merchant Adventurer, 1670.
Post mortem aeternitas.
JOHN Johnson,
Hoastman.
ROBERT Cook
Master and Mariner,
Nov.
1673.
Sepulchrum
Thomae Potts,
Gen. et Margarettae uxoris.
WILLIAM Liddel,
1580.
THOMAS Brown, Non mortuus sed Dormio:
WILLIAM Dawson,
1707.
THOMAS Crawforth,
1690.
MICHAEL Clerk.
THOMAS Dawson,
Ropemaker.
THE Burial Place of
Thomas Monkhouse,
Tin-Plate Worker.
JOHN Colvil,
Baker and Brewer, 1689.
TIMOTHY Rawlet,
Hoastman.
JESUS have Mercy on the Soules of
John Hodshon
Taylor,
Margaret
his Wife, and their Children; he departed the 11th of
Nov.
1505.
JOSEPH Colepits Hoastman,
27
May,
1729, aged 41 Years.
ROBERT Watson,
1724.
CUTHBERT Snow,
16
Aug.
1694.
SEAMEN'S
Porch.
JAMES Brankstone,
23
Nov.
1727.
WILLOUGHBY Hall,
Shipwright.
JACOBUS Metham
Generosus vitam pro aeternitate mutavit 23 Apr. 1684.
Willielmus Bigg
Generosus, et
Johannes Hindmarch,
Armig: Humanae sortis et fragelitalis memores, hoc sibi suisque Deo volente supremum in Terris posuerunt domicilium, usque Festum Resurrectionis mortuorum alta Pace Gaudendum
Maxima nosce mori vitae est Sapientia, vivit
Qui moritur, sivis vivere, Disce mori.
23 April 1684.
THE Burial Place of
Thomas Airey,
Hoastman.
THE Burial Place of
Richard Hinkster,
and
Jane
his Wife.
JOHN Green,
Confectioner, 13
May,
1681.
ANN Colvil, Oct.
12, 1686.
West-End of the
CHURCH.
Hic jacet Corpus
Esther Starkin
quae obijt 22
Oct.
1681.
JOHN Addison,
Fuller and Dyer.
GEORGE Graham,
28
December
1727, aged 82.
THERE is a Stone near the Font, which has many Years been supposed to be very ancient. There was nothing to be seen upon it, but the 4 Evangelists, one at each Corner; It is the blue Stone at the East-side of the Font. It has on it at present the Name of
Ridley.
In The
MIDDLE-ISLE.
WILLIAM Stephenson
Ropemaker's Burial Place.
THOMAS Allison
's Burial Place.
GEORGE Mitford,
Barber Surgeon, and
Jane
his Wife.
HENRY Towart,
Master and Mariner, his Burial Place.
CHANCEL.
RALPH Fell,
Merchant Adventurer, 11th
Feb.
1680.
JOHN Simpson
Hoastman, and
Jane
his Wife their Burial Place. In this Grave of theirs was buried their eldest Son
Anderson,
so called as being a Descendant of the worthy and loyal Family of the
Anderson
's of
Braidley,
who suffer'd so much in the Time of the Civil Wars, in Defence of their King and Country. He dyed
May
the 17th
Anno
1730, in the 21st Year of his Age. He was a Youth of fine Parts, and good Learning, a great deal of Sweetness of Temper, and strict Religion.
THERE is in this Part of the Church a very large Stone, insculp'd with Brass, of which several Years ago no more could be read than
hic Tumulatus — dono dei datus mitis clero — promotor Ecclesiarum.
My Authority imagines this to be the Burial Place of
Robert Rhodes.
He says, the Picture upon the Stone was very like that of
Roger Thornton;
all the Difference is, that the Gown of this Picture is not so deep as that of
Thornton
's. He conjectures it to be the burial Place of
Robert Rhodes;
because of the Words
Promotor Ecclesiarum,
lib.
All-Hall'.
The Words
Promotor Ecclesiarum
are not now to be found. However, had they been there still, I think they are but a weak Argument to prove that
Robert Rhodes
was buried here, when it is considered that he founded a Chantery in St.
Nicholas,
that his own Soul, and his Wife's might be prayed for. For People were generally buried in the same Church, and near the very Place, where they erected a Chantery or an Altar.
BUT whoever it is, this I think may be safely concluded from the Grandeur of the
Grave Stone,
that he was some wealthy Person; and from his being
Promotor Ecclesiarum,
that he was also Religious.
THE
Effigies
is very Tall, and is surrounded with very curious Pictures of the Saints, and some other Things; but the Brass is now tearing off, and going very fast into Ruin. It is a pity it should not have more care taken of it, as it is an Ornament to the Church, and the Monument of it's Benefactor. The
Promoters
of
Churches
should be always remember'd with the most grateful Respect, that they may be shining Lights to the most distant Ages.
I shall close the Monuments of this Church with an Epitaph, said to have been made upon
Robert Wallas,
formerly Clerk of this Church.
Here lies
Robin Wallas,
The King of good Fellows;
Clark of
All-Hallows,
And a Maker of Bellows:
He Bellows did make 'till the Day of his Death,
But he that made Bellows could never make Breath.
LEGACIES
left to the
POOR
of
ALL-HALLOWS
Parish in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
 
l.
s.
d.
LEFT by Mr.
Thomas Smith,
Shipwright, yearly for Ever, to be paid at
Easter,
out of several Houses, the Sum of
04
18
10
LEFT by Mr.
Cuthbert Woodman,
Weaver, yearly for Ever, to be paid at
Easter,
out of a House in
Pilgrim-street,
opposite to the
Manour Chare-head,
the Sum of
00
12
00
LEFT by Mr.
Robert Anderson, per Ann.
which has not been paid since 1651, the Sum of
05
00
00
LEFT by Sir
Alexander Davison,
yearly for Ever, to be paid out of the Town's Chamber, at two Payments,
viz. Michaelmas
and
Ladyday,
the Sum of
02
00
00
SIR
Thomas Davison
01
00
00
MR.
Mark Milbank
03
00
00
MR.
William Carr
01
10
00
SIR
Mark Milbank
06
00
00
MR.
John Rumney
02
10
00
 
16
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Andrew Aldworth,
out of Houses in
Akewell-gate,
due on St.
Andrews
's
-day,
the Sum of
01
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Leonard Carr, per Ann.
out of several Houses in the
Butcher-Bank
05
00
00
LEFT by
Henry Hilton,
Esq
6
l. per Ann.
now reduced by Act of Parliament to
04
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
William Carr,
yearly for Ever, to be paid at
Easter,
out of several Houses
01
06
06
LEFT by Mr.
William Gibson,
Merchant,
per Ann.
out of a House in
Cowgate,
now in the Possession of Mrs.
Carr,
not been paid for several Years
01
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
John Cosyns,
Draper, the Sum of two Shillings
per
Week, which is Weekly to be distributed in Bread to such poor People of the said Parish as come to hear the publick Ordinances of God every Lord's-day, which he charg'd upon the
Fleece
Tavern by the
Key,
and amounts
per Ann.
to
05
04
00
LEFT by Mr.
David Sheavil,
Surgeon,
per Ann.
out of several Houses
04
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Tho. Davison,
to be paid yearly in the Month of
December,
out of the Merchants Company
01
10
00
LEFT by Sir
William Blacket,
Bart .
per Ann.
out of a House at
Tyne-Bridge-End,
the Sum of
02
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
John Collier,
Shipwright,
per Ann.
to be paid at
Christmas;
the Sum of
03
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Richard Hutchinson,
Rope-maker,
per Ann.
out of an House on
Sandhill
05
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
George Collingwood,
House-Carpenter,
per Ann.
to be given to two poor Widows, who are to have it but once, so that all the poor Widows in the Parish may in turns enjoy the same; due at
Martinmas,
and distributed by the Minister and Church-wardens
02
00
00
LEFT by
Timothy Davison,
Esq
paid out of the Merchants Company, to be distributed amongst credible Freemen, or Freemen's Widows (not of the Merchant's Company) yearly in
December
01
05
00
LEFT by
Henry Holmes,
Esq
per Ann.
to be made at two several Payments,
viz.
three Pounds the Monday after
Christmas
Day, and three Pounds the Monday after
Easter
Day, the Sum of
06
00
00
LEFT by
Nicholas Ridley,
Esq
per Ann.
and charged upon his Lands in
Heaton,
to be given eight Days before
Easter
01
00
00
LEFT by
Robert Fenwick,
Esq
per Ann.
and charged upon the
Angel
Inn, to be paid at
Christmas
04
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
John Bee,
Master and Mariner,
per Ann.
charged upon his two Messuages and Shop, by the
Key,
to be distributed by the Minister, for the Time being, at
Christmas
06
00
00
LEFT by
Matthew White,
Esq
per Ann.
and charged upon an House in
Pilgrim-street,
to be distributed upon
Christmas
Day, or the Day after, among ten poor House-keepers
01
10
00
LEFT by Mrs.
Isabel,
Wife of
William Wrightson,
Esq
per Ann.
the Interest yearly to be distributed on
September
30th
50
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
William Harrison,
Hoastman,
per Ann.
the Interest yearly to be distributed on St.
Andrew
's Day
150
00
00
LEFT by Mrs.
Margaret Ramsey, per Ann.
the Interest yearly to be distributed
20
00
00
LEFT by Mr.
Edward Potts,
Shipwright,
per Ann.
the Interest yearly to be distributed
20
00
00
LEFT by Mrs.
Anne Handcock, per Ann.
the Interest to be distributed by the Church-wardens to such poor People as are constant frequenters of divine Worship
50
00
00
All-Saints
CHARITY-SCHOOL
in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
was set up by a Voluntary
SUBSCRIPTION,
in the Year of our Lord,
1709,
and has been continued ever since on the same Footing; and further supported by several accidental Contributions.
The NAMES of the SUBSCRIBERS, and Sums subscribed when the SCHOOL was Founded.
 
l.
s.
d.
ROBERT Fenwick,
Esq
Mayor,
per Annum
4
00
00
John Cuthbert,
Esq
Recorder
2
00
00
Mrs.
Phaebe Blakiston
2
00
00
Matthew White,
Esq
2
00
00
Mr.
William Wrightson
2
00
00
Mr.
Henry Milburn
2
00
00
Mr.
Henry Reay
2
00
00
Mr.
John Baxter
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Robinson
1
00
00
John Rogers,
Esq
5
00
00
Mr.
George Nixon
1
00
00
Mr.
William Raper
1
00
00
Mr.
Joseph Green
1
00
00
Mr.
William Harrison,
Senior
1
00
00
Mr.
Lionel Dixon
0
10
00
Mr.
John Anderson
0
10
00
Mr.
Lionel Forster
0
10
00
Mr.
Edward Brumwell
1
00
00
Mrs.
Jane Binks
0
10
00
Mr.
Robert Vipont
0
10
00
Mr.
John Maddison
1
00
00
Mr.
Edward Grey
1
00
00
Mr.
Henry Waters
1
00
00
Mr.
John Johnson
1
00
00
Mr.
Francis Armorer
1
00
00
Mr.
Luke Conyers
0
10
00
Mr.
John Story
1
00
00
M,.
Jeremiah Cook
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Turner
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Campion
1
00
00
Mr.
John Binks
0
10
00
Mr.
Jonathan Tyzack
0
10
00
Mr.
Perigrine Henzell
0
10
00
Mr.
Bartholomew Kent
0
10
00
The Reverend Mr.
Leonard Shafto
2
00
00
The Reverend Mr.
Charles Ward
2
00
00
Mr.
Robert Webster
0
10
00
Mr.
Lionel Colepits
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Wallis
0
10
00
Mr.
Matthew Bell
1
00
00
Mrs.
Dorothy Dawson
1
00
00
Mrs.
Julian Hindmarsh
1
10
00
Brought over
51
10
00
Mr.
Mark Browell
1
00
00
Mr.
Edward Colvill
1
00
00
Mr.
Richard Burdus
0
10
00
Mr.
George Hinckster
0
10
00
Mr.
Gerrard Robson
1
00
00
Mr.
Matthew Dale
0
10
00
Mr.
William Harrison,
Junior
1
00
00
Mr.
John Simpson
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Allan,
Senior
1
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Allan,
Junior
1
00
00
Mr.
Henry Atkinson
1
00
00
Mr.
Timothy Rawling
1
00
00
Mr.
William French
0
10
00
Mr.
Ellis Inchball
0
10
00
Mr.
Ralph Reed
1
00
00
Mr.
Charles Atkinson
2
00
00
Mr.
William Green
1
00
00
Mr.
Tobias Blakiston
1
00
00
Mr.
John Swaddell
1
00
00
Mr.
James Taylor
1
00
00
Mr.
Samuel Joblin
1
00
00
Mr.
James Dawson, Yarmouth
1
00
00
Mr.
Jonathan Rodam
1
00
00
Mr.
Robert Shafto
0
10
00
Mr.
Thomas Elliot
0
10
00
Mr.
George Hankin
0
10
00
Mrs.
Frances Reed
0
10
00
Mr.
Henry Dent
0
10
00
Mrs.
Mary Harrison
0
10
00
Mr.
George Iley
1
00
00
Mrs.
Barbary Nicholls
2
00
00
Mr.
John Campbell
1
00
00
Mr.
Lancelot Cramlington
1
00
00
Robert Eden,
Esq
2
00
00
 
83
00
00
The Names of the
SUBSCRIBERS,
and Sums by each paid in the Year
1731.
 
l.
s.
d.
WALTER Blacket,
Esq
5
00
00
Nicholas Fenwick,
Esq
7
00
00
Matthew White,
Esq
2
00
00
Henry Reay,
Esq
2
00
00
John Rogers,
Esq
5
00
00
Mr.
William Dixon
0
10
00
Mr.
John Maddison
1
10
00
Mr.
Thomas Binks
0
05
00
Mr.
Henry Waters
3
00
00
Mrs.
Mary Johnson
1
10
00
Mr.
Francis Armorer,
Senior
1
10
00
Mr.
John Story
1
00
00
Mrs.
— Andrews
0
10
00
The Reverend Mr.
Farrington
2
00
00
Brought over
32
15
00
The Reverend Mr.
Shafto
2
00
00
Mr.
George Colepitts
1
10
00
Mr.
Ralph Sowerby
1
10
00
Mr.
Matthew Bell
1
10
00
Mr.
Thomas Wallis
1
10
00
Mrs.
Julian Hindmarch
1
10
00
Mrs.
Jane Rodam
1
10
00
Two Mrs.
Browells
1
10
00
Mr.
John Simpson
1
10
00
Thomas Allan,
Esq
2
00
00
Mr.
Lionel Allan
1
10
00
Mr.
Henry Atkinson
1
00
00
Mr.
John Morris
1
10
00
Mr.
Charles Atkinson
2
00
00
Mr.
John Colvill
1
10
00
The Trinity House
6
00
00
Matthew Fetherston,
Esq
2
00
00
Mr.
Henry Coulson
2
00
00
Mr.
Thomas Dennet, London
1
00
00
The Butchers Company
6
00
00
The Shipwrights Company
3
00
00
The Surgeons Company
1
10
00
The Rope-makers Company
1
10
00
Mr.
Thomas Wass
1
10
00
Edward Collingwood,
Esq
1
10
00
Mr.
Joseph Smith
1
10
00
Mr.
John Anderson
1
10
00
Mr.
George Simpson
1
10
00
Mrs.
Anne Harrison
0
10
00
Mr.
Cuthbert Nicholson
0
15
00
Mr.
Thomas Shafto
1
10
00
The Reverend Mr.
Maddison
0
15
00
Mr.
John Burfield
0
15
00
Mr.
Christopher Dawson
1
10
00
Mr.
Joseph Liddell
1
10
00
Mr.
Francis Armorer,
Junior
1
10
00
Joseph Ledgard,
Esq
1
10
00
 
97
00
00
Money collected at
All-Saints
Church when the annual Sermons were preached for the Benefit of the
Charity-Children.
 
 
 
 
l.
s.
d.
Anno
1709
THE Rev.
Dr.
Ellison
15
10
06
1710
Mr.
Shafto
16
02
00
1711
Mr.
Charles Ward
23
09
00
1712
Mr.
Wilcox
24
07
02
1713
Mr.
Cuthbert Ellison
22
16
04
1714
Mr.
Shadforth
25
17
00
1715
Mr.
Browell
26
19
2½
1716
Mr.
Farrington
20
12
00
1717
Mr.
Chilton
23
01
09
 
 
Brought over
198
14
11½
1718
Mr.
John Ellison
21
06
06¾
1719
Mr.
Cowling
20
02
05
1720
Mr.
Dockwray
19
14
06
1721
Mr.
R. Cuthberts
17
11
08
1722
Mr.
Sharp
27
03
00
1723
Dr.
Mangey
22
04
06¾
1724
Mr.
Bourne
21
10
08
1725
Mr.
Bradford
17
14
02
1726
Mr.
William Hall
15
03
06
1727
Mr.
Fetherston
17
19
09½
1728
Mr.
Thompson
16
04
10
1729
Mr.
Turnor
17
08
05¾
1730
Mr.
Sacker
23
04
09½
1731
Dr.
Banson
23
18
05½
1732
Mr.
Turnor
16
16
07½
 
 
496
18
11¾
Accidental
CONTRIBUTIONS.
 
 
 
l.
s.
d.
Anno
1709
FROM unknown Hands, by the Rev. Mr.
Char. Ward
03
03
09
1711
Mr. Alderman
Whinfield
's Legacy yearly
03
16
04
1712
The Town of
Newcaste
towards Building a Gallery for the Charity Children in all
Saints
Church
15
00
00
 
From unknown Hands by the Rev. Mr.
Char. Ward
02
09
00
1713
Mr.
Thomas Campion
's Legacy
20
00
00
 
Mr.
William Harrison
's ditto
20
00
00
1714
Madam
Rogers
50
00
00
 
Mr.
Thomas Wass
05
00
00
 
Mr.
Michael Bland
02
07
00
 
The Coopers Company
00
10
00
1715
Mrs.
Mayor
's Legacy
02
00
00
 
The Surgeons Company
01
00
00
 
Edward Collingwood,
Esq
00
15
00
 
The Rev. Mr.
Farrington
00
15
00
1716
Madam
Nichols
Legacy
10
00
00
 
Mr.
Edward Slater
00
15
00
 
The Rope-makers Company
01
10
00
 
Mr. Alderman
Ramsey
's Legacy
50
00
00
 
Mr. Alderman
Atkinson
's Legacy yearly
05
14
00
1717
From
Stockholm
and
Yarmouth,
by Mr.
Ja. Dawson
11
00
00
 
From a Person who desired not to be Nam'd
50
00
00
1718
Mr.
Samuel Green
's Legacy
100
00
00
 
Some Company at the king's-head by
Mat. White,
Esq
00
16
00
1719
Mr.
Thomas Elliot
's Legacy
100
00
00
1720
Mr.
Thomas Burdus
's ditto
10
00
00
 
Mrs.
Ramsey
's ditto
25
00
00
1721
Mr.
James Clay
's ditto
05
00
00
 
From a Person which desired not to be Nam'd
20
00
00
 
Mr.
Tyzack
's Legacy
05
00
00
1722
Capt.
James Taylor
's Legacy
50
00
00
 
Mrs.
Mary Lane
05
00
00
1724
Mrs.
Mary Collingwood
's Legacy
01
00
00
 
Brought over
577
11
01
1724
Mrs.
Mary Jackson
's ditto
05
00
00
 
Mrs.
Christian Bulman
's ditto
20
00
00
 
Mrs.
Spearman
's ditto
10
00
00
1728
Mrs.
Isabel Collingwood
ditto
01
01
00
1729
Mr.
Joseph Colpitts
ditto
20
00
00
 
Mrs.
Reed
's ditto
50
00
00
 
Mr.
Thomas Bates
ditto
50
00
00
 
Mr. Alderman
Coulson
's ditto
50
00
00
 
 
783
12
01
THERE are 41 Boys taught to read, write, and cast Accounts, by
John Davenport,
the present Master: And 17 Girls are taught to read, knit, sew, make, and mend their own Cloaths, by
Hannah Johnson,
the present Mistress.
THESE Children have Coats and Caps once a Year, and Shoes, Stockings, Shirts, and Bands twice a Year: And at their leaving the School, they have Forty Shillings each to put them out Apprentice, or equip them for Services, and each of them a Bible, with the Common-Prayer, a Whole Duty of Man, and
Lewis
's Catechism.
THE Magistrates of
Newcastle
gave a Room, wherein the Girls are taught, and contributed towards Building a Gallery in
All-Saints
Church for the Children, and likewise gave Ground, whereon to build a School for the Boys, and a House for the Master: The Charge of which was defrayed out of several Legacies left to the School.
TWO Hundred Thirty Four Boys and Girls have been in all put out since the School was set up.
IN the Year 1728, some Gentlemen of this Parish founded a Lecture by Subscription, for the Instruction of the People in the
Rubrick
and
Liturgy
of the Church. It was settled upon
Henry Bourne,
the Curate of this Church, and was opened on
Low-Sunday
the said Year. It is held every other Sunday in the Summer at 6-o'Clock in the Evening, and continues from
Low-Sunday,
'till the Sunday after
Holy-Cross,
or the 14th of
September.
The
FOUNDERS
and
BENEFACTORS
Names at the opening of it.
CUTHBERT Fenwick,
Esq
Mayor.
SIR
WILLIAM Blacket,
Bart.
RICHARD RIDLEY,
Esq
NICHOLAS Fenwick,
Esq
HENRY Reay,
Esq
STEPHEN Coulson,
Esq
EDWARD Collingwood,
Esq
THE REV. Mr.
Bradford,
Vicar of
Newcastle.
MR.
John Simpson
MR.
Charles Atkinson
MR.
Joseph Liddell
MR.
Henry Waters
MR.
George Hinkster
MR.
Joseph Colepitts
MR.
John Morris
MR.
Joseph Smith
MR.
James Hargrave
THOMAS Hindmarsh,
Esq
MRS.
Alice Colepitts
MR.
Ralph Sowerby
MR.
William Selby
MR.
John White
MR.
Francis Armorer
MR.
Thomas Allison
SINCE then Mr.
Henry Coulson,
Mr.
George Mitford,
Mr.
Richard Johnson,
Mr.
Thomas Hall,
Mr.
William Trotter
have encreased the Number of Subscribers.
THE
Curate
of this Church is the Minister of it. The
Vicar
pays him 4
l. per Annum,
and the Crown 5
l.
The rest of his Income arises from the Surplice Fees, Register, &c. It was formerly the Custom to have two Clerks for this Church. But in the Year 1708, it was thought more convenient for the Parish, and less Burthensome to the
Minister
(who had one of the largest Cures in the Kingdom to manage) to have an Assistant; accordingly
Abraham Wilcox,
M. A. was put into the Clerk's Place, which was vacant by the Death of
John Pinkney,
and was allow'd the Fees of the Clerk for Weddings, Burials and Christnings; which amounts to 50
l.
per Annum: Mr.
Wilcox
was succeeded by
Ambrose Fenwick,
M. A. afterwards Vicar of
Standfordham;
He by
William Hall,
&c.
THERE are other two Clergymen belonging to this Church, which are Lecturers, and paid by the Town; the one for Preaching in the Morning has 100
l. per Annum,
and the other for Preaching in the Afternoon 100
l. per Annum.
ALL the Ministers of this Church I have been able to collect are these following.
The
CURATES.
SAMUEL Barker,
1617.
ROBERT Bonner,
1639. He was both sequestred and imprison'd for his Loyalty in the Civil Wars.
ROWLAND Salkeld,
1660.
TIMOTHY Fenwick,
1672.
RALPH Grey
JOSEPH Bonner,
afterwards Vicar of
Bolam.
PETER Straughan,
1695.
ANTHONY Procter,
1697.
RICHARD Musgrave,
A. B. 1703.
CUTHBERT Ellison,
A. M. of
Lincoln
College, in
Oxford,
the present Vicar of
Stannington.
HENRY Bourne,
M. A. of
Christ
Col.
Cambridge,
1722. The present Curate.
Morning
LECTURERS.
Durant R. Predeux
in the Time of the Civil Wars.
LEONARD Shafto,
A. M.
WILLIAM Mair.
NATHANIEL Ellison,
M. A. afterwards Vicar of St.
Nicholas.
NATHANIEL Chilton,
A. M.
LEONARD Shafto,
A. M. He was also Rector of
Gateshead,
he was a very useful Preacher, a Man of great Generosity and Hospitality, a hearty and sincere Friend, and one of extensive Charity and Benevolence. He died
August
27, 1731, and was buried in
Gateshead
Church.
Sept.
27, 1731.
Hugh Farington,
M. A. formerly Fellow of St.
John
's Col. in
Camb.
succeeded him, who is the present Lecturer.
Afternoon
LECTURERS.
THOMAS Knaggs,
A. M.
RALPH Emmerson,
A. M.
CHARLES Ward,
A. M. an excellent Preacher.
HUGH Farrington,
A. M.
HENRY Fetherstonhaugh,
B. D. late Fellow of St.
John
's Col.
Camb.
the present Afternoon Lecture.
THERE are Prayers at this Church every Day at 10-o'Clock in the Morning, and 4 in the Afternoon. The Sacrament is administred at this Church every second Sunday in the Month. It was formerly usual for the Town to present this Church, at the
High Festival of Easter,
with twenty one Gallons of Wine.
OPPOSITE to the
West Stairs
of this Church is an
Alms-House,
which was in good Repair, as we are informed by the
Milbank
Manuscript, about 100 Years ago, at which Time the
Church-Wardens
allowed them 20
s. per Annum,
for Coals for four Women. It is now in very bad Repair, and going fast into Ruins. At present the People in it, are allowed eight Chaldron of Coals
per Annum,
and three Shillings
per
Quarter by the Church-wardens.
ON the
South-side
of this Church are two Pair of Stairs; those opposite to the
Quire-Door
lead into a narrow Street called the
Dog-bank;
but formerly, as appears by some ancient Writings,
Silver-street:
The other Pair lead into the
Butcher-Bank,
which is a narrow Street, and a great Descent. It is mostly inhabited by
Butchers,
who have their Shops and Houses there. In this are many narrow Lanes called
Chares,
which lead into the
Key-side.
This leads into the Street called the
Side,
and into the
Sand-hill.
It was called formerly
All-Hallows Bank.
CHAP. IX.
Of the CASTLE-YARD.
I N order now to go regularly down into the lower Parts of the Town, let us set off from the South-side of the Steeple of St.
Nicholas,
which leads directly to the Top of the Street called the
Side.
Whilst I am here I can't help observing, that were the Houses belonging to Mr.
Partis,
&c. which are situated from the Porch Door of St.
Nicholas,
to the said Street, taken away, the Belfry and Steeple would look much more grand and magnificent; and whereas this
Great Ornament
of the Town is now almost hid as a Traveller comes up this Street, it would then be wholly expos'd, and strike the Beholders with Awe and Wonder.
AFTER you have crossed the upper Part of this Street, there is a Passage leading to
Bailiff-Gate,
which has a Turn upon the Left-hand, that goes into the
Castle-yard,
the Place where is situated the
Castle
of this Town.
BEFORE the Conquest the old
Round Tower
was probably in Being, and was the
old Castle,
or
Fort
of
Monkchester;
and after the Conquest, when the other Castle was built, it was called, (to distinguish it from the
old Castle
) the
New-Castle,
which in a small Time after gave Name to the whole Place. Something to this Purpose are these two or three Words about it, in the Manuscript of
John Milbank,
Esq
That this new Castle may be distinguished from the old one.
The Use of this Tower, as the same Authority informs us, was made to secure the
Pass
to the
Bridge
in former Times.
THIS
new Castle
was built by
Robert Curthois,
the Son of
William
the Conqueror in the Year 1080 as has been before observed. But notwithstanding this, and that it gives a new Name to the Place, yet whatever Priviledges belonged to
Monkchester
(for so the Town was then called) continued with it, nor did the
Castle
impair them in the least.
De reb. Novocast.
IT has been a Building of very great Strength, and very fit for what it was design'd, and yet in the Reign of King
John
we have an Account of it's being repair'd by that King, and that he was obliged in the making of a
Ditch
to destroy divers Houses, for which he satisfied the Owners, as may be seen in our Account of that King's Charter to this Town.
THE first Account we meet with of it after it was built, is of it's being besieged by
William Rufus.
For
Robert Mowbray,
Earl of
Northumberland,
having opposed him, he came down and laid Siege to the Castle, and conquer'd
Newcastle;
upon which
Robert
fled, and absconded in
Bamburgh-Castle;
but was afterwards taken by the King's Party, and carried Prisoner to
Windsor.
AMONG several Rents and Revenues arising to this Castle, the following were some.
THE Barony of the
William Herron, Hen. I. eum Feost:
Herons,
which contain'd
One
William
regularly descended from this
William
died in the 25th of
Edward
the 1st, and left no Male Issue; so that
Emelin,
his only Daughter, was the Heir of the Barony. She married into the Family of
John
Lord
D' Arcy,
and transferr'd this Manour of
Haddeston
and divers others into that Family. Lord
D' Arcy
abovementioned, dy'd possess'd of this Manour at
Norton
in
Lincolnshire,
30th
Edward
the 3d. In the 1st of
Hen. IV. Thomas
Lord
Lumley
died possess'd of it, and left it to Sir
John Lumley
his Brother. This Family is so named from
Lomley
a Town situated on the Bank of the River
Were,
where their Seat was. They are descended from
Liulph,
a Person of great Nobility in the Time of King
Edward
the Confessor, who married
Algitha
the Daughter of
Aldred,
Earl of
Northumberland.
Sir
George Lumley,
Knight, he that married the Grand-daughter of
Roger Thornton
of this Town, was in great repute in the County of
Durham,
in the Reign of
Edward
the 4th, being High Sheriff in the 2d of that Reign; in the 6th, Knight of the Shire; in the Year
8,
High Sheriff again, in which Office he continued three Years more.
But none of this great and ancient Family was ever higher in the Esteem of his Prince, none in greater Repute in his Country, than is the present noble Successor,
Richard,
Earl of
Scarborough,
who is also Viscount
Lumley
and
Waterford,
Baron
Lumley
of
Lumley,
Master of the Horse to his Majesty, Lord Lieutenant of the Counties of
Durham
and
Northumberland,
Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter, one of his Majesty's most honourable Privy-Council,
&c.
Haddeston, Chirton,
This Village is about two short Miles distant from the Town of
Newcastle.
How it came out of the Hands of this Family of the
Herons,
is not known. But in the 11th of
Edward
the 2d, it was the Lordship of
Jeffrey de Scrope,
of
Masham
in
Yorkshire.
After him
Ralph,
Lord
Graystake,
was Lord of it. In the Reign of K.
Henry
the 6th, this Manour was in the Possession of
William Fitz Hugh,
who dy'd and left it to his Son
Henry.
It is now in the Possession of Mr.
Tho. Bigg
and Mrs.
Jane Sanderson,
who have there a House and Garden, at which they reside in the Summer Season.
Little-Benton, Coldwell,
This Place in latter Ages was the Seat of the
Wodrington
's, who in the Reigns of
Henry
6th,
Edward
4th, and
Henry
8th, were High Sheriff's of
Northumberland.
Swinburne,
and
Flatford
paid for Castle-ward and Cornage;
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
00
13
00
For Cornage
00
05
10
THE
Hen. I. Simonem de Devilstone, Feof:
Barony of
Dilstone,
containing
Dilston,
a small Village, standing on the South-side of the
Tyne,
call'd in old Books and ancient Records,
Devilstone,
from a small Brook running on the West-side of it whose Name
Bede
says was
Devilsburn,
and emptying itself into
Tyne.
The Barony in which it stands takes it's Name from it, and is at this Day called the Barony of
Devilstone.
We have not yet met with the Original Barons of it. We observe a Family in our ancient Histories, bearing the Surname of
Deivill
or
Deiville,
which might probably be Owners of the Manour of
Devilstone,
i. e. the Town of
Devils,
for
John Deiville
was Governour of
Scarborough
Castle in
Yorkshire,
and built a Castle of his own at a certain Place called the
Hode
in that County; but having no ground for this Conjecture in History, we shall leave it to the Reader to accept, or reject it, tho' the Name being a little Unusual, and looking as if its Original were derived from the Evil Spirit that bears that Name, we thought fit to give some Account of it.
Bede
in the same Place, viz.
lib. 3. c. 1.
tells us, that here it was that
S. Oswald,
armed with the Christian Edith, slew in a fair Field
Cedwell
the
Briton,
a wretched Tyrant, who had before slain Two Kings of
Northumberland, Osrick
King of the
Deirans
and
Eanfrid
of the
Bernicians,
and miserably wasted their Country: But the Author of the Additions of
Cambden
contradicts Mr.
Cambden,
and tells us, that all the Latin Copies of
Bede,
that he had seen, say, That
Oswald
's Victory was obtain'd
in loco qui Lingua Anglorum Denisesburn vocatur, i. e.
in the Place called by the English
Deniesburn,
and the
Saxon
Copies of King
Alfred
's Paraphrase have
Denisses, Deni, ces
and
Denises burna,
And the Saxon Chronicle hath not made any Mention of this Story.
Sir
Francis Ratcliffe,
or
Radelive,
Bart. descended of the ancient Family of
Ratcliff
's Earls of
Sussex,
who was made a Baron of this Realm,
March 7, 1687-8
did bear the Title of Baron of
Dilston,
Viscount
Ratcliff
and
Langley,
and Earl of
Derwentwater
in
Cumberland.
He died
anno 1696-7,
and was buried in the Church of this Place. The last Earl of this Family was
James Ratcliffe.
He was beheaded on Tower-Hill,
Anno 1715.
for being concerned in the Rebellion of that Year.
Devil,
or
Dilstone,
Corbidge,
a Town situated upon the North Bank of the River
Tine;
which takes it's Name from the Bridge laid there over that River for Traffick into the Southern Parts of the County, and the rest of
England,
and the ancient
Roman
Name found in
Antonine
's
Itinerary,
called
Corstopitum
or rather
Corstopilum
(as it is read in the Edition of
H. Surita
) which, as
Henry
of
Huntington
testifies was for Brevity Sake called
Cure
or
Cor.
Here, according to the Description of
Ptolomy
was the
Curia Ottodinorum,
i. e. The Court of the
Ottodini
or
Northumbrians.
The Manour of this Town,
8 Ed. 2.
or soon after, was purchased by
Henry Percy,
a wealthy
Northumbrian,
who was then in great favour with that Prince. He, making a Settlement of his Great Estate in the 7th of
Edw,
the 3d, gave two Parts of this Manour to his Son and Heir
Henry Percy,
which he then was in Possession of, and the third Part after the Death of
Hawise,
the Widow of
John Clavering,
who held it then in Dower; but this
Henry
died seized of the whole Manour,
Feb. 26, 26 Edw. 3.
and left it with other great Estates to his Son and Heir of the same Name, who accordingly soon after the Livery of his Lands, saving to his Mother
Idonea
her reasonable Dower, who had assigned her for it among other Lordships this of
Corbridge,
which was not long come into his Possession; but it was settled upon his Death upon his secured Wife
Joan
for her Dower, How this Manour was alienated in the same Reign we cannot discover; but do find
10 Rich.
2d. that
Alice
the Widow of
Ralph
Lord
Nevil
of
Raby
had for her Dowry among other Manours and Rents, Twenty Pounds
per ann.
out of his Manour of
Corbrigge.
At this Day there is nothing remarkable in this Town but the
Church
and a little
Tower-house,
fitted up and inhabited by the
Vicars
of the Place; yet there are so many
Ruins of ancient Buildings,
as prove it once to have been a large and spacious Town. King
John
supposing that either an Earthquake or some sudden Invasion might be the Cause of so great Desolations, and the Inhabitants had no Time or Way to remove their Wealth, did not doubt but he might find a great Deal of Treasure upon a diligent Search; but Fortune fauoured his Attempt no more than it did
Nero
's in his Enquiries after the concealed Riches of
Dido
at
Carthage,
for he found nothing but Stones mark'd with Brass, Iron and Lead. The
Vicarage
of this Town being
all a Value, as not to be a suitable Maintenance for the Minister, the Dean and Chapter of
Carlisle,
since the Restoration of King
Charles II.
made an Augmentation to it of
20 lib. per annum.
But tho' King
John
discovered nothing considerable here, yet there was found out accidentally about
40
Years ago, a Thing very remarkable. The Bank of a small Torrent, which comes down from the
Wall's Side
by this Town, being worn away by some impetuous Land floods, the
Skeleton
of a Man appeared of a very extraordinary and prodigious Size, the Length of his
Thigh bone
was within a very little of
Two Yards,
and the
Skull, Teeth,
and other Parts proportionably monstrous; so that by a fair Computation, the true Length of the whole Body may be will reckoned at
Seven Yards.
Some Parts of it were in the Possession of the right Honourable the late Earl of
Derwentwater
at
Dilston,
in
1695,
who was much pleased with the Rarity; but his Lordship not having Notice of it, 'till it was in a great Measure squandred away, and lost by the careless Discoverers, he could not by all his Inquiries make it so compleat, as any that have a Regard to such Curiosities could heartily wish it were: But since there was not found here an intire Skeleton, but Great Numbers or
Strata
of Teeth and Bones of a very extraordinary Size, and withal a Sort of Pavement, or Foundation of Stone running along with these
Strata;
and since here hath an Altar inscribed to
Hercules
been digged up, what if we should affirm that these are the Teeth and Bones of Oxen, and other like Creatures, which were sa
rificed at the Temple dedicated to
Hercules,
standing in this Place,
Ex Mag. Brit.
Corbrigg, Togeston,
&c. paid to the Castle;
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
00
13
04
For Cornage
00
10
00
THE Barony of
Whalton, Hwanton
or
Qualton,
a large Manour with many Fees thereunto belonging, as the Manours of
Lington, Linton, &c.
It was the Estate anciently of
Robert de Cramavil,
which he held for himself and his Heirs by the Service of three Knight's
Fees;
but because he did not make Performance to King
John
of what he expected, the King seized his Estate, and
Reg. 7.
bestowed this Manour upon
Robert Fitz Roger,
in whose Posterity it continued 'till
John Fitz Robert,
who (leaving the old Fashion of framing Sirnames out of the Christian Names of their Fathers, as his Ancestors had done, and was hitherto used by many Families) laid aside the Name of
Fitz Robert,
and at the Command of King
Edward
the 1st took the Name
De Clavering,
dying without any Legitimate Issue, he settled great Part of his Estate on King
Edward
the 1st, and his Heirs; and the rest was either sold in his Life-time, or left to his own Heirs. This Manour, by what Title we know not, is found to be in the Family of the
Scroops
of
Masham,
for
13 Ed.
3d, Sir
Geffery Scroop,
Banneret, died seized of this Manour of
Whalton,
with many other Estates, which he left to his Son and Heir
Henry,
in whose Posterity (who were summoned to Parliament from the 8th of
Henry IV
to the 9th of
Henry VIII.
) It continued 'till
Geffrey
Lord
Scroop
dying in that Year without Issue, his three Sisters became his Heirs.
Ex Mag. Brit.
Mr.
John Shaw,
Minister of St.
John
's in
Newcastle,
was Rector of this Place in the Times of the late Rebellion. He was instituted and inducted into his Living in
1645,
but not permitted to enjoy it; however he was allowed to have the Church of
Bolton
in
Yorkshire,
and held it 'till the Restoration of King
Charles,
when he came into Possession of
Whalton.
He was a Person of Eminency for his Conduct as well as Learning, and was several Times chosen to represent the Clergy of those Parts in the Convocation. He died in a good old Age in
1689.
His Writings shou'd have been commemorated before, they are these following.
The
Pourtraiture of the primitive Saints in their Actings and Sufferings,
according to Saint
Paul
's Canon,
Heb. xi.
one Part whereof, to Verse
23.
was preached at
Newcastle 1652.
The other, from Verse
22
to the End, was preached at the same Place in
1659.
Both which were afterwards published in
Quarto.
Origo Protestantium,
or an Answer to a Popish Manuscript of
N. Ns.
that would fain make the Protestant Catholick Religion bear Date at the very Time when the
Roman
Popish commenced in the World, wherein Protestancy is demonstrated to be elder than Popery.
Lond. 1677
and
79. Quarto.
Answer to the Jesuit's Letter— Printed with the former Book, and the Jesuit's Letter with it.
No Reformation of the established Religion.
Lond. 1685. Octavo.
Walton
given by King
John
to
Robert
Son of
Roger,
and confirm'd by his Charter, contain'd
Walton, Ripplingdon, Newham, Denton, Newbiggin,
Kenton
is a pleasant Village about two Miles West of
Newcastle.
It seems to have got its Name from its Situation; for it stands upon a
Hill,
and so is a
Town
that one may
Ken
from far, or see at a good Distance. In the Reign of
Edward II.
in the Year
1313,
when the Battle of
Bannockburn
was fought, one Sir
John de Kenton
Knight▪ was
High Sheriff
of
Northumberland.
It has been in the Possession of several good Families, and is now chiefly belonging to
Walter Blacket,
Esq
The Road to this Village from the Town-moor, has on each Side of it Fields so well cultivated, and Hedges so adorn'd with Plantations, that in the Summer-season it is a most pleasing Walk.
Kenton,
Gosford,
the Barony of
Richard sur Tees,
or upon the
Teas,
because his Seat was upon the Bank of that River, a Person of great Repute in the Reign of King
Henry I.
Gosford,
and
Fawden;
and also
Ogle,
or as we find it in old Writings,
Oggil
or
Oggle,
the Lordship and Seat of a Family that took their Name from it, being called
de Oggle.
Of this Family our Histories mention
John de Oggil
in
49 Henry III.
who, for adhering to the rebellious Barons of that Reign had his Lands extended; but his Descendants recovered their Estate, and
Robert de Oggle
in
15 Edward III.
obtained a Licence to make a Castle of his Manour-house at
Oggle,
and to have free Warren in all his Demesne Lands within his Lordship of
Oggle,
&c. in this County. This
Robert
married
Helena Bertram,
the sole Daughter and Heir of Sir
Robert Bertram
Knight, Baron of
Bothail,
by whom he had Issue
Robert,
who died before his Father, but left a Son
Robert,
who after his Grandmother's Death doing his Homage had Livery of her Lands and Castle at
Bothal.
He in his Life-time settled his Inheritance descended to him from his Ancestors, upon his eldest Son Sir
Robert Oggle,
and his Heirs,; and for Want of them, upon his younger Son
John,
whom he sirnamed
Bertram,
to whom he gave his Barony of
Bothal
-Castle. His Grandson
Robert
being a firm Adherent to the
York
-Interest, was by King
Edward IV.
advanced to the Dignity and Degree of a Baron of this Realm, by a Summons to his first Parliament,
Reg. 1.
His Posterity being further enriched by the Marriages with the Heiresses of
Alan, Heton,
and
Alexander Kirby,
for several Generations enjoyed his Honouur and this Manour, with his other Estates; but Issue-male sailing in
Cuthbert
Lord
Ogle, Katharine,
who at length became his sole Heir by the Death of her elder Sister
Joan,
who was married to
Edward Talbot,
a younger Son of
George
Earl of
Shrewsbury,
but died without Issue, and was married to Sir
Charles Cavendish
of
Welbeck
Knight, is 4th
Car. I.
made by Letters Patent Baroness of
Ogle
of this Place. Her Son
William
having been made knight of the
Bath
in
1610,
at the Creation of
Henry
Prince of
Wales,
was afterwards advanced to the Degree of a Baron, by the S
le and Title of the Lord
Ogle,
in
1620.
He in the great Breach between King
Charles I.
and his Parliament, endeavoured to support his Royal Master in his Authority and Power, and did many signal Things for that End, as raising Forces, fortifying the Town of
Newcastle
and
Tinmouth,
defending
York,
&c. which Services, tho' not crowned with the desired Success, yet were of so great Merit with King
Charles II.
at his Restoration, that he created him Earl of
Ogle
and Duke of
Newcastle
in
1664.
The Title of the eldest Son of this Family in his Father's Life-time, is Earl of
Ogle,
by the Courtesy of
England. Mag. Brit.
Nathaniel Ogle,
Esq
whose beautiful Seat is at
Kirklaw
in
Northumberland,
is a Descendant of this ancient Family of the
Ogles.
Oggle, Burndon, Horton
with
Sticklaw
and
Hereford
and
Widdrington, Widdrington
-Castle, or
Woddrington,
the Seat and Manour of an ancient and worthy Family of that Name, which had often signalized their Valour in the War against the
Scots,
and long flourish'd in great Repute in these Northern Parts, for
Roger de Widdrington,
was High Sheriff of this County,
36 Ed.
3d, as was
John de Witherington, 11 Hen.
4th, and the same, or another of his Name,
4 Hen. 6. Roger Wodrington
the 10th and 28th of the same Reign;
Gerhard Wodrington,
5th
Edw.
4th,
John de Wodrington
nine Years together in the same Reign, and
John de Wodrington, 32 Hen.
8th, 6th
Edw
4th, and 1st
Eliz.
But the Person which hath the most enobled this Family, was Sir
William Wodrington,
Knt. who having been High Sheriff in this County, 12th
Car.
1st, was created a Baronet,
July
9th,
1642;
and having by the breaking out of the Civil War, or soon after, raised a considerable Power for his Majesty's Service, which he put under the Conduct of
William Cavendish
then Earl (but after Duke) of
Newcastle,
as General, whereby he had his Share in the Honour of those many Victories that General obtained at
Tadcaster, Yarm, Seacroft, Tankersly, Leeds, Hallifax, Rotheram, Sheffield, Chesterfield, Gaynsborough
and
Lincoln,
but chiefly at
Bradford
in
Yorkshire,
against the numerous Forces of the rebellions long Parliament; he was in Consideration of his good Services thus done for the Royal Cause, advanced to the Honour of a Baron of this Realm, by the Title of Lord
Witherington
of
Blankney,
the Estate which came to him by
Mary
his Wife, the sole Heir of Sir
Anthony Thorold,
Knt. of that Place in
Lincolnshire.
He left several Sons, of whom
William
succeeded in his, P
ea
e and Honour, and his Grandson
William
now enjoys them.
This Place was forfeited to the Crown
Anno 1715,
the Lord of it being concerned in the Rebellion that was that Year raised against the King. He suffer'd not along with the Earl of
Derwentwater,
Lord
Kenmuir,
&c. but was graciously pardoned, and is alive at this Day.
Wodrington,
paid for Castleward and Cornage;
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
00
00
For Cornage
10
00
00
THE Barony of
Henzerus. Primus Hugonem de Bolbeck, Feos.
Bolbeck,
containing
Stifford, Brumhall, Slavely, Shotton,
Heddon
on the Wall, Part of the Manour of
Hugh de Bolbeck,
who descended by the Mother's Side from the Noble Barons of
Mont
chet.
He had no Issue Male, but left four Daughters, Coheirs of his large Barony and Estate,
viz. Philippa
married to
Roger de Lancaster, Margery
to
Nicholas de Corbet,
and afterwards to
Ralph
Lord
Graystock,
(as Mr.
Cambden
says) But Sir
William Dugdale,
Baron,
452.
tells us, that it was
Ralph,
the Son of
William
Lord
Grimthorp; Alice
to
Walter de Huntercumbe,
and
Mand,
some Years after to
Hugh de la Val,
or as
Cambden, J. Lovel.
In an Original Charter, dated
1 Steph.
whereby some Lands are conveyed to, and settled on the Church of
Winchester,
subscribed by a great many Barons, we have
Signum Walteri de Bolbec,
Bar.
Seld.
Tit.
Hon. Par. 2. c 5. p. 571.
one
Isabel de Bolebec,
first Countys of
Oxford,
founded a Convent of
Dominicans
in that City.
Heddon
of the Wall,
Hedwin
East,
Thornton, Whitchester, Haughton,
Of
BENWALL.
Mr.
Cambden
speaking of
Chester on the Street,
says, he supposes it to have been the
Condercum,
where
upon the Line of the Wall,
the first Win
of the Astures kept Garrison in the
Roman
Times, as the
Notitia
tells us. And this he conjestures, because in the
Saxon, Chestre
is called
Concester,
and because it is but a few Miles from the Wall. But others are of Opinion, that
Benwall,
a Village about two Miles West of
Newcastle,
was the ancient
Condercum,
because of the Antiquity of the Place, and its Nearness to the Wall; the
Notitia
described the
Condercum,
as upon the
Line of the Wall.
This indeed seems rather probable. For if a Place is said to be situated
ad lineam valli,
one would think it should not be far from the Wall, however not in the wrong Side of
Tine.
The Places of the
Roman
Garrisons
ad lineam Valli,
as far as I can iudge, have always been in these Counties which the
Roman
Wall past through; but no Body seen yet found out the least Footsteps of it in the County of
Durham.
In this Village were lately found several
Mens
with
Coins
in them, which were most of them broken and squander'd about by the ignorant Diggers; but one of them being preserved, was given to the Library at
Durham,
where it remains very intire.
The
Prior
of
Tinmouth
was went to spend some Part of the Summer at this Village. It is now the Property of
Robert Shafto
Esq
and has been of his Ancestors for many Years; the
old Tower
of
Benwell-Hall
was the Place where the
Prior
resided, and the
Chapel,
which Mr.
Shafto
opens, and supplies, for the Good of the People of his Village, was the
Prior
's
domestick Chapel.
This Place is much frequented in the Summer-Season for its pleasing Situation and agreeable Distance from the Town, and at all Seasons for the Hospitality of the worthy Proprietor.
Benwell,
Elswick
is a Village distant a short Mile from
Newcastle,
it is situated on the North-side of the
Tyne,
upon the Brow of an Hill, not far from the River. It is exceedingly agreeable and pleasant in the Summer, having about it some of the richest Grounds, whose Hedges are mostly beset with Trees. It is a Place much frequented in the Summer-Season by the Town's People.
Ralph Jenison,
Esq
Member of Parliament for the County of
Northumberland,
is the present Possessor of it.
Elswick, Angerton, Hertbourne, Middleton, Morel, Burneton, Beril,
Fenwick,
the Manour and Estate of the eminent and valiant Family of the
Fenwicks,
whose Seat is here called
Fenwick-Hall.
Many of this Family have been Men of Note in the Reigns of our first
Norman Kings;
for
John de Fenwick
was High Sheriff for this County,
48 Edward III.
and again (or it was another of the same Name) and
Richard II. Henry de Fenwick, 6 Henry VI. Roger de Fenwick, 9 Henry VII. Ralph de Fenwick,
Esq
7th
Henry VIII. William Fenwick,
20th 31st of
Elisabeth,
and Sir
John Fenwick,
knight; the w
th Tear of King
James I.
Sir
John Fenwick
his Grandson, was beheaded in the Reign of King
William.
Fenwick Matifin-East-Hawkwell Shalow, Middleton-South, Cambhow, Hert-Weigh-Hawick, Kirkherle, Rocheley, Newton-Grange,
and the Moiety of
Bywell,
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
03
06
08
For Cornage
01
12
00
THE Barony of
Bolam,
a small Village, of which Mr.
George Forster
was Minister. He was turned out in
1646,
and severely fined for not resigning without Opposition; but was allow'd for Fifths
4 l. 6 s. 8 d.
which was ill pail; but not being sufficient to maintain his Family,
Joan Rex Feofalio.
he took a Farm, and he was plunder'd of his Hay and Corn, and had been imprisoned, but he got Bail. He lived to
1660,
when he was restored, and died aged
81.
The Reverend Mr.
George Fenwick,
of Christ College
Cambridge,
is the present Vicar.
Bolam,
containing
Bolam, Litedon, Burneton, Thornbury, Cupum, Parvam, Wittington, Hayden, Belson, Bradeford, Denum, Trewick
and
Tunstal,
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
00
00
For Cornage
00
08
00
THE Barony of
Henry I. Richardum de Gaugye
Feof.
Gaugye,
containing
Ellingham,
Cramlington,
the Manour and Estate of
Robert de Gaugi,
a great Man in the Reign of King
John,
and by him entrusted with the Government of divers Castles at Times, to defend them against the rebellious
Barons,
which he did faithfully and to his own Advantage; for 3d
Henry III.
it was certified, that the Barony of this
Robert
(now as we conceive, called the Barony of
Caugif,
for
Gaugi
) in this County, consisted of this and divers other Manours, which he held of the King by the Service of three Knights Fees. This Manour is now the Property of
Robert Lawson,
Esq
of
Chirton.
Crawlington,
Heaton
is a small Village distant from
Newcastle
about a Mile and a Half Eastward. It has been handed down by Tradition to the present Day, that it was a Place of Retreat for King
John
when he came into this Country, and there are still to be seen the Ruines of an
ancient Building,
now in the possession of
Richard Ridley,
Esq
which carries the Name of
King
John
's Palace.
Whatever Truth there may be in this Tradition, this is certain, that there is in the said
Gentleman
's Ground on the
North-side
of this old Building, the Remains of a Fortification, which 'tis natural to conjecture, was built for the Safety and Security of this House, and consequently this House must have been of some great Distinction. And when it is further considered, that this Village of
Heaton
is a Part of the
Barony of
Robert de
Gaugy,
it may not be improbable to conclude, that this ancient Building has in some Measure been what Tradition says it was. For
Robert de Gaugy
was a great Man in the Reign of King
John,
and was entrusted by him (as has just now been observed) with the Government of divers Castles at Times, to defend them against the
rebellious Barons,
which he did faithfully and to his own Advantage; for in the 3d of
Henry III.
it was certified, that the Barony of this
Robert
in this County, consisted of this and the other Manours, which he held of the King by the Service of
Three Knights Fees.
This
Robert
therefore might have had his own House here upon this Part of his Barony; and as he was so faithful a servant to King
John,
and entrusted by him with Matters of such great Concern, it is not improbable but when the King came to these Parts, he lodged at this House; and this perhaps was the Reason of its getting the Name it hears at this Day.
This is its ancient Grandeur; its present is, the House and Family of the worthy Gentleman above mentioned; it was built in the Year
1713,
it is a beautiful House, and so situated, that on the
West
it overlooks the
Town-Moor, Fenham,
and Part of the Lands of the Prior of
Tinmouth;
on the
East
it faces the
Sheilds Road;
on the
North
it has a most agreeable Prospect to the Windings of the
Ouse-Burn,
of its Woods and Banks, and of the Villages situated on it. On the South it faces the River
Tine.
Its Conveniencies and Beauties about it, are on the West-side a
Fish-Pond, Groves, Wilderness, Gardens, Avenues,
and Numbers of Plantations. On the
East
a very large and beauteous Quadrangle, whose Walls are shaded with the choicest Fruit-Trees, and whose
Area
is adorn'd with Variety of
Knots
and
Flowers.
In this
Area,
at a due Distance, are two
Images
tall as the Life, which declare the Hand of a curious
Statuary.
On the
North
are Gardens and Plantations, and on the
South
an
Area
Adorned with Images and a pleasing Gravel-Walk, beset with Trees and bordered with Flowers.
This Gentleman the Possessor was eldest Son to
Nicholas Ridley,
Esq
who was born at
Hardriding,
in the Parish of
Haltwhistle,
the ancient Mansion-house of the Family of the
Ridleys;
where is still to be seen above one of the old Doors, the Date of the Year of its Building, which was earlier than the Conquest, and the initial Letters of the Name of the Builder,
N. R.
This
Nicholas
was of the younger Branch of the
Ridleys
of
Wilmotes-Wike;
the Seat as Mr.
Cambden
says, of the
worshipful Family of the Ridleys,
which is a pretty large
Castle
on the South-side of
Tine,
and very ancient, as appears from several Things about it.
A little above this, upon the Banks of the
Tine,
is the Estate of Mr.
Nicholas Ridley,
the younger Son of the said Gentleman.
This
Nicholas,
Senior, was
twice Mayor of
Newcastle, in the Year
1688,
and in the Year
1706,
and was esteemed a Man of great Honour and Integrity, and an excellent Magistrare. By his last Will and Testament, dated 7th
December 1710,
he gave and bequeathed to the Poor of the Parish of
Haltwhistle 40
s.
per annum,
out of a little Farm or Tenement called
Waggtail
-Hall. He also gave a Rent-Charge of 4
l.
and
10 s. per annum
to the Poor of
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
and
50 l.
to the Poor of the City of
Carlisle.
Which said Charities he order'd to be distributed every Year to the more aged and infirm, eight Days before
Christmas.
He left also
20 l.
to the Poor of the Township of
Hexham.
He died
January
22d
1710,
and hes buried in St.
Nicholas
in this Town, at the Entrance into the
Chancel
from the Body of the Church.
Of this younger Branch was
John Ridley
of
Hardriding,
Esq
who was
Major
of a Regiment in the Army of the right Honourable
William
Marquis of
Newcastle,
for the Service of King
Charles I.
Besides the Gentlemen of this Family already mentioned, we shall only take Notice of the two Persons following.
Nicholas Ridley,
first Bishop of
Rochester,
and then Bishop of
London.
He was born here, and being educated in Grammar at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and in academical Learning in both
Universities,
where he took his Doctor's Degree, was first made Master of
Pembroke-Hall
in
Cambridge,
then Chaplain to King
Edward VI.
and at length Bishop. He was a Person small in Stature but great in Learning, and a profound Divine, of whom Dr.
Caius
says, that
quo viro nihil integrius & egregiis Dotibus ornatius,
being Good as well as excellently endowed. He wrote many Things against the Popish Doctrines, and at length confirmed his Writings with Sufferings, being burnt near
Baliol-College
in
Oxford,
Anno
1555,
2d & 3d
Phil, & Mar.
He had a Hand in compiting the
Common-Prayer-Book,
now in Use in the Church of
England.
Thomas Ridley,
Doctor of the Civil Law in Cambridge; he was the Son of
Lancelot Ridley,
and Grandson of
Nicholas Ridley,
Esq
he was educated in Grammar at
Eaton,
and in academical Learning at
King's College, Cambridge,
where he was Fellow. Afterwards he became a School-master at
Eaton,
one of the Masters in Chancery, when he was Knighted, Chancellor to the Bishop of
Winechester,
and Vicar General to Doctor
George Abbot,
Archbishop of
Canterbury.
He was a general Scholar, and wrote a
View of the Civil and Ecclesiastical Law.
He dy'd
Jan. 23, 1628,
and was buried four Days after in the Parish Church of St.
Bennet,
near St.
Paul
's Wharf,
London,
We meet with one
Mark Ridley,
a Physician, a Person of that Note, as to be one of the eight Pricipals of the College of Physicians, and a Writer; but we do not find that he was of this Family at
Wilmotes-wick.
Mag. Britt.
Heaton, Hartelaw,
Vide
Chap.
VIII.
of
Pilgrim-street.
Jesumuth
and
Whitby
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
00
00
For Cornage
00
07
02
THE Barony of
Marley,
alias
Morlaw,
alias
Roger de marly post Conquestum.
Morpeth,
containing
Morpeth,
a Marlet-Town standing upon the
Wentsbeck,
which runs thro' the Middle of it almost; for the Body of the Town is seated on the Northern Bank of it, and the Church on the Southern; near to which stands on a shady Hill the Castle, which, together with the Town come from
Roger de Merlat,
or
Merley,
in whose Family it had been for some Successions, to the Lords of
Graystocke,
by the Marriage of
William Graystocke
to
Mary,
one of the Daughters and Co-heirs of the said
Roger.
His Grandfather of the same Name
1 Johan.
by paying a Fine of
20
Marks, and two
good Palsreys,
obtained a Licence for holding a
Market
and
Fair
at this his Manour of
Morpeth. Roger Bertram,
another Baron of these Parts, finding that the Market at
Morpeth
proved a Detrement to his Marlet at
Mitford,
impleaded this last
Roger
in the County-Court of
NorthumBerland
for Damages; but King
Henry III. Reg. 34,
being acquainted with it, sent his Precept to the Sheriff, prohibiting him to go further in that Suit, because it belonged not to his Jurisdiction.
This Manour continued some Time in the Family of
Graystocke,
but Issue-male failing, it past by the Female-Heirs to the Barons
Dacres
of
Gillesland
in
Cumberland,
by which their Estate was greatly enlarged; for the Barony of
Morpeth
consesteth not only of the Castle and Lordship of the Town, but has many Villages Members of it, as
Grimwest, Ulweham, Hebscot, Schillington, Twisel, Salwick,
two
Duddens, Clisten, Cladwell, Stanington, Shotton, Blakedon
North and South,
Wideslad, Killingwith, Benton
and
Waver.
This Estate continued some Generations in that Family of the Dacres; but at length Issue-male failing, it came by
Elisabeth,
Sister and Co-heir of
George
last Lord Dacre, to her Husband the Lord
William Howard
of
Naworth,
third Son of
Thomas
Du
e of
Norfolk,
whose Grandson
Charles
was soon after the Restoration created Lord
Dacres
of
Gillesland,
Viscount
Morpeth,
and
ar
of
Carlisle,
which Honours were inherited by his Son
Edward,
and are new en
oyed by his Grandson
Charles,
the third Earl of
Carlisle
of that Family, whose eldest Son
Henry
hears the
terary Title of
Henry
Viscount
Morpeth.
The present State of this Town is this: It is a Corporation, governed by two Bailiffs, annually chosen by the Freemen, and send Burgesses to Parliament, but not of many Years standing. It hath a very good Market on
Wednesday
weekly, for Corn, Cattle, and all necessary Provisions, and a Fair yearly on
It is a Post Town, and a good Thorough-fare, lying about
4
Farlo
s on the Road. The Castle is in Ruins, as most of all the other Castle's in the Nation are. Here was anciently an Hospital for inform People, on which
William de Merley,
a great Man in his Time, bestowed a Caru
ata of Island, but not finding any Mention of it in the Monathcon, nor in Mr.
Speed
's Catalogue from
Leland,
we suppose in was dissolved long before the general Supprem
m by King
Henry VIII.
Nothing more is recorded of this Place, so far as we can discover, but that
Elisabeth,
the Wife of
William
Lord
Grayflock,
had for her Dowry an assignation of this Manour of
Morpeth,
among other Estates; and that is the Tear of our Lord
1215,
the Townsmen themselves burnt is in par
Spite to King
John.
This Place is famous for being the Birth-Place of two eminent Physicians,
viz.
William Turner, bred in the Universiry of
Cambridge,
where he became an excellent Latinish, Grecian, Poet and Orator; be being a very zealous Protestant, and writing several Books in Defence of the reformed Doctrine, was very much molested for the same by Bishop
Gardiner,
and others then in Power, who kept him long in Prison: but having estated by a wonderful Providence, be fled beyond Sea. At
Ferrara
in
Italy
he commenced Do
r of Physick, gaining his Degree there with general Applause. He went afterwards into
Germany,
and there lived in great Gredit and Practice, and died there (as is conjectured) in Queen
Mary
's Reign. He wrote a great Herbal, a Book of Physick for the
English
Gentry; as also several Treaties about Plants, Fishes, Stones. Metals, &c. He was worthy (says Dr.
Fuller
) of our special Notice, because he was both a Confessor and a Physician, Qualification which we observe not to meet every Day in the same Person. And
Thomas Gibson,
who flourished at the same Time, and was so eminent in his Profession, that
Bale
gives him an higher Character than the former.
viz.
that he did
Aegritndinum fanasiones incredibiles,
i. e. incredible Cures of Diseases. He was a zealous Opposer of the
Popish
Doctrines, and wrote several Books against them, and among others, one entituled.
The Treasons of the Prelates since the Conquest;
yet not forgetting
Profession, for he wrote upon the Nature of Herbs. He was alive in the last Year of Queen
Mary,
for
Bale
sendeth forth a hearty Prayer to God for the Continuance of his Health and Happiness, he being not only his Friend, but so useful in his Generation.
Morpeth, Grimnest Membrum suum, Newham, Hebscot, Shillington, Tuysell, Saltwick, Dudden
-East,
Dudden
-West,
Clyfton, Caldwell, Stannington, Shotton,
Blakedon
is a small Village seven Miles North of
Newcastle.
It stands upon the great Road to
Morpeth;
what it was formerly I have little Knowledge. In the Reign of King
Henry III.
and
Edward I.
we meet with one
Adam de Blakedon,
and
John de Blakedon,
who were Bailiffs of
Newcastle.
At present it is the Seat of
Matthew White,
Esq
Son of
Matthew White,
Esq
who was twice Mayor of
Newcastle,
and Governor of the Merchants and Hoastmans Companies. Since the present Gentleman was the Possessor of it, it vastly surpasses what it was formerly; and whether we consider the Stateliness of the House, the Grandeur of the
Avenue,
the Beauty of the
Gardens,
or the Art and Ornaments of the
curious Fish-Pond,
we shall find them exceeded by few in the whole Country.
Blakeden, Wetteslade
North,
Wetteslade
South,
Killingworth,
Benton
was formerly the Manour and Estate of Sir
Philip Somerville
of
Wickmore
in
Staffordshire, 29 Edward III.
and was found by an Inquisition taken of his Estate at his Death, which happened in that Year. The Church with certain Lands in this Parish he gave to
Baliol-College
in
Oxford,
for the perpetual Maintenance of six Scholars there, to be elected out of it and the neighbouring Towns. He being desirous to have all the Fellows subject to one Form of Government, made them new Statutes in some things, contradicting the old ones given them by
Devorgilla,
the Relict of
John Baliol
their Founder.
About the Reign of
Richard I.
one
Eustachius,
Parson of
Benton,
was one of the Witnesses to the Deed of Foundation to the Hospital of St.
Mary
the Virgin in
Westgate.
Roger Bertram de antiquo Feosamento.
Benton
and
Walker
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
13
04
For Cornage
00
07
08
The Barony of
Bothal,
the Lordship of
Richard Bertram,
who being a devout Man (as those Times went) gave two Shares, i. e. two third Parts of the Titles of it to the Monks of
Tinmouth.
His Son
Robert
obtained of
Richard I.
that this Manour and its Dependants should be made a Barony, by the Name of the Barony of
Bothal,
as it is at this Day called. It lies upon the
German
Ocean on the East-shore, between the Rivers
Lyne
and
Wentsbeck.
This
Robert
held this Barony of the King
in Capite,
by the Service of three Knights Fees, as his Ancestors had done formerly for the said Lands, being
de veteri Feofamento,
and paying yearly for the Guard of the Castle at
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
for Coinage
5 l. 15 s. 4 d.
To this
Robert
succeeded his Son
Roger,
who obtained a Charter for free Warren for all his Demesne Lands here; and at
Hepburn
in this County his Heirs enjoyed this Barony for some Successions, without making any Addition to its Grandeur; but
Robert Bertram,
being in the Reign of King
Edward III.
constituted Sheriff of
Northumberland,
and Governor of
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
obtained Licence of that King to make a Castle of his Manour-House at
Bothal,
which accordingly he did; and there are some considerable Remains of it to this Day. This
Robert
left no Issue-male, and therefore his Daughter and Heir
Helen
being married to Sir
Robert Ogle,
Knight, tranferred this Barony to his Family. His Son
Robert
after the Death of his Mother obtained this Barony, and settled it soon after upon his younger Son
John,
whom he Surnamed
Bertram,
from his Mother, being desirous that his own Estate should go in his own Name, and so gave it to his eldest Son
Robert Ogle.
He suffer'd his Brother
John
to enjoy the
Bertram
-Estate quietly; but his Son
Robert
having obtained Livery of the Lands of his Inheritance, by Colour thereof, did forcibly, with two hundred Men, possess himself of the Castle and Manour of
Bothal;
but upon Complaint made to the Parliament by
John Bertram,
it was ordered that a Writ should be sent to the sheriff of
Northumberland,
to require all those who were in the Possession of the
Castle
to depart from it, that it might be restored to
John
the Complainant, and commanded
Robert
to appear at
Westminster
on a certain Day, to make Answer to the King for his Misdemeanour.
This
John Bertram,
who was afterwards Knighted, was several Times Sheriff of
Northumberland,
in the Reign of King
Henry VI.
and his Posterity flourished, and had the Title of Lords
Ogle,
'till the latter End of Queen
Elisabeth
's Reign, when Male-Issue failing in
Cuthbert
Lord
Ogle, Katharine,
his Daughter and Heir, married to Sir
Charles Cavendish,
Knight of
Walbeck
in
Nottinghamshire,
and carried the Estate and Title of
Ogle
into that Family; but the Name of
Bertram
is not forgotten, for it is a common Christian Name in those Northern Parts. Some think the Name of
Ferdinando
is derived from it.
Bothal,
containing
Bothal cum membris suis, viz. Wheworth, Newmore, Oldmore, Peggesworth, Hebborne, Fenrother, Tricklington, Eresden, Longhirst cum membris suis, & Nishenden veteri morae,
or the old Moor, and
Eringdon
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
00
00
For Cornage
00
08
08
The Barony of
Delaval
containing
Blackalladay,
Seton,
a principal Manour of the Barony of
Delaval,
held of King
Henry III.
by
Eustace Delaval,
by the Service of two Knights Fees,
de veteri Feofamento;
his Heir was
Hugh Delaval.
I am told, the present Possessor
Francis Blake Delaval,
Esquire, it obliged to finish, or expend so much yearly towards the finishing of the sumptuous Building in that Place, which is so much the Wonder and Admiration of all the Country. It was begun by the late Admiral
Delaval, Anno
It seems for Grandeur and Magnificence, for Strength and Continuance, to vie with the ancient
Northumbrian
Castles, and to last the Days of the most distant Ages.
Secton cum membris suis, Newsum,
and
Dissington
paid
 
l.
s.
d.
For Castle-ward
02
06
08
For Cornage
00
03
03
The Barony of
Rosse,
containing
Werke,
the Castle and Manour of which was held in the Reign of King
Hen. II.
Reg.
31,
by
Hugh de Nevil,
by the Name of the Honour
de Werch,
who accounted to that King for the Farm of it that Year, at
5 l. 10 s. 6 d.
and in the 34th year of the King at
13 l. 1 s. 6 d.
at which Time by that King's Command it was given to
Robert de Ross,
of
Helmesley
in
Yorkshire;
he gave it to his younger Son
Robert de Ross,
2d
Hen. III.
to hold it in Barony of the King by the Service of two Knights Fees, as his Father and Predecessors had done. This Barony had many Towns and wordships belonging to it.
This
Robert
being constituted Chief Justice of the King's Forests in
Derby, Cumberland,
this County,
&c.
had free Warren granted him in all his Demesne Lands here, and divers others of his Manours in this County.
36 Hen. III.
But 39th
Hen. III.
he delivered up this Castle into the King's Hands, who being advancing with an Army against the
Scots,
did not think it safe to suffer so strong a Fort out of his own Power; but upon the King's Return it was yielded up to him again the next year. Afterwards the King began a Suit against him, for the Title of his Castle of
Werke;
but he in his Defence producing his elder Brother
William
for Warranty, the King upon mature Advice, with such Noblemen as were of his Council, discerning, that he had a good Right to it, quitted his Claim to him. This
Robert,
not long after this, fell in Love with a
Scotch
Woman, and having a Mind to get her for his Wife; not only joined himself with the
Scots,
but endeavoured to engage his Kinsman on their Side, viz.
William de Ros,
of
Hemlake,
who detesting such Treachery, dissuaded him from it, but not being able to prevail, advertised the King of it, and obtain'd a sufficient Force to defend this Castle, that it should not be surrendred to the
Scots. Robert
being thus disappointed, took a Body of Men out of the Garrison of
Rox-borough,
and invading the Borders with Banners display'd, burnt
Prestten,
and this Town, and then joining himself with
William Wallis,
the famous
Scotch
General committed great Spoils upon the
English
in these Northern Parts. His Estate was for these Rebellions Actions consiscated, but after his Death, restored to his Daughter and Heir,
Margaret de Ross,
upon an Allegation, that he had, before his Death, come to an Accord, with
John Comin
of
Badenagh,
for himself and all his Arms with him, to be safe as to Life, Liberty, and Estate. How she married we find not, but it appears that Sir
John Montacute,
afterwards Earl of
Salisbury,
was in the Possession of this Castle and Manour upon the Death of
Margaret
his Mother, who had it, and divers other Estates for her Dowry. Mr.
Cambden
tells us, that in his Time they were the Estate of the
Greys,
a Family of Note for their Valour, of whom
William Grey
was in the Reign of King
James I.
advanced first to the Degree of a Baronet, and within a few years after to the Honour of a Baron, by the Title of Lord
Grey
of
Werke,
viz.
11 Feb. 21 Jac. I.
and to the Heirs Male of his Body. He married
Anne,
the Daughter, and one of the Coheirs, of Sir
John Wentworth
of
Gosfield,
in
Essex;
and there fixed his Seat, in which his Posterity sometime resided, 'till
Ford,
Lord
Grey,
sold it,
&c.
No Castle-ward or Cornage was paid for this Barony; but yet it belonged to the Castle of
Newcastle,
as appears by an Inquisition taken at
Newcastle,
9th
Edw. III.
for that the Lord of
Werke
was enjoyned to build an House within the Liberty of the said Castle for the more safe keeping of it.
Werk, Mindram, Karham, Prestfen, Manilawe, Dunum, Palwister, Shotton, Killom, Holthall, Newton,
and the other
Newton, Langeton, Lilleburn, Hilderton, Weperden, Russenden, Tithington, Butlisden
and the Moiety of
Glattendon.
THE Barony of
Bywell,
a Barony and Castle, held of the King, viz.
Richard I.
by
Hugh de Baliol,
the Son of
Eustace de Baliol,
by the Service of five Knights Fees, and to find
30
Soldiers (Mr.
Cambden
says to pay
30
Knights Fees) for the
Guard
of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
as his Ancestors had done from the Time of King
William Rusus,
by whom they were enfeoff'd of the Barony as the Record expresseth it. In later Times,
John Nevil,
Lord
Raby,
who died at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, Oct.
17th, 12th
Rich. II.
was found to be possessed among other Estates of this. Here was a fair Castle in Mr.
Cambden
's Days, and below it a most beautiful Wear for the catching of Salmon, and in the Middle of the River stand two firm Pillars of Stone, which formerly supported the Bridge.
John Fenwick,
Esq
descended from the ancient Family of the
Fenwicks
of
Fenwick
Hall, who was
High-Sheriff
of the County of
Northumberland,
Anno
1728,
is the present Possessor of this Place.
Bywell,
containing
Newbigging, Woodhorn, Lynmouthe, Hyrste, Hallywell, Lynton Ellington, cum Cresswell & Ayden Membris suis, Bychefield, Iaglym, Blackheddon, Samfordham, Newton
-west,
Newton
-east,
Scheellinge, Ovington, Ovingham, Milkylleye, Whitlye, Falderlye, Bromley, Appleby,
the Moiety of
Bywell, Slokefield, Swinburne
-east,
Swinburne
-west,
Ryhill.
 
l.
s.
d.
THE Barony de
Copun
paid
00
13
04
THUS far the Baronies. But besides these Rents, there were Houses, Yards and Gardens,
&c.
which paid to it.
IN the 9th of
Edward
III. an Inquisition was taken at this Town, whereby it was found, That at the Time of the Battle of
Vide Speed 1314.
Bannockburn,
which was in the Year 1313, when
John de Kenton
Knight was
High Sheriff
of
Northumberland,
the
Castle
and all Edifices about it were in good Repair; That after that Time,
Nicholas Scot, Adam de Swinburn, William Riddel, Joannes de Fenwick, Cuthbert de Boroughdon, Joannes de Fenwick, Joannes de Wodhorne, Joannes de Lilleburne, Willielmus de Tyndale, Roger Manduit,
and
Robertus Darreius
were High Sheriffs of
Northumberland.
During which Time it is affirmed, the
Great tower,
and also the lesser ones of the said
Castle,
the
Great Hall,
with the
King's Chamber
adjoining to it, together with divers other Chambers below in
Queens Mantle,
and the
Buttry-Cellar
and
Pantry;
The
King's Chappel
within the Castle, a certain House beyond the Gate, which is called the
Checker-house,
with the Bridges within and without the Gate, with three
Gates
and one
Postern,
are 300
l.
worse than they were. They say also, that there are in the Custody of
Roger Manduit,
late High Sheriff, 420 Fother of Lead. They say also, that it was thought highly necessary, that the Baron
Heron
of
Haddeston,
the Baron of
Walton,
Lord
Robert
of
Clifford
of the new Place, chief Lord of the Barony of
Gaugie,
the Lords of the Barony of
and
Devilston,
that the Lord of
Werk
upon
Tweed,
the Lord of the Barony of
Bolbeck,
alias
Bywell,
the Baron of
Bothal;
and
Lastly,
the Baron of
Delaval
should build each of them a House within the Liberties of the Castle for the Defence of it. The House of the Baron of
Werk
was built over the
Postern.
THERE were two great strong Walls which surrounded the Castle. The interior Wall was of no great Distance from the Castle itself, as may be still seen in several Places. The exterior Wall surrounds the Verge of the
Castle
Bounders. From this
outer Wall
were four Gates, the
Great Gate
and three Posterns. The North-side of the
Castle
is the
main Gate,
called now the
Black Gate.
It has had two Port-Cullicesses, one without the Gate, as may be still seen, and another within it at a little Distance from it, the Ruins of which were to be seen a few Years ago. There still remains a Piece of the old Wall, which shews its Situation to have been where that House is, which was lately purchased by Mr.
Jasper Harrison;
the Shop belonging to this House was dugg (as I was informed) out of the Wall just now mentioned. On the East-side of the
Castle
there was a
Postern,
which led down to the Street called the
Side,
which is still to be seen; it was once called (but many Years after it was in Decay) the
Waist of
Laurentius Acton. On the South-side of the
Castle
is another Gate, which leads down the
Castle-stairs
to the Street called the
Close:
This was called the
South Postern.
There is an old Building upon it, which was the County-Goaler's House. On the Westside was the Postern facing
Bailiff
-Gate, now the Dwelling-house of
James Lidster.
THERE is an House in the Yard, where they say was the
Chapel
of the Garrison, which is called the
Chapel-house
to this Day; it stands
North-east
from the Chapel; its common Name now is the
three Bulls Heads.
21st
September
1
mo Hen.
VII.
per Lit. Pat.
then dated at
Westminster,
the Office of Constable of the Castle of
Newcastle
was granted to
William Case,
Esq
during Life, with the Wages and Fees then belonging, and of ancient Time accustomed,
de reb.
47.
15th
February,
9th
Hen.
VH.
per Lit. Patent.
then dated at
Westminster,
this Office being then void, by the Death of Sir
Robert Multon
Knight, the same was granted to
Roger Fenwick,
Esq
for the King's Body for his Life, together with the Wages and Fees of 20
l. per annum,
to be yearly received out of the Issues, Profits and Revenues of the said County of
Northumberland,
coming by the Hands of the Sheriff of the said County, with all Manner of Profits,
&c. de Reb.
P. 47.
Ibid.
NOT any Letters Patents of the Office of Constable since the last above mentioned; for the Custody of the Castle (as supposed) was committed to the Sheriffs of
Northumberland
for several Years.
IN the 31st
Elizabeth,
the same Power and Liberty was given to the
Magistrates
of
Newcastle,
in the
Castle-Garth;
as in other Parts of the Town of
Newcastle.
AN Inquisition in the Reign of
James
I. says, that the ancient
Castle,
belonging to the King, situated within the Walls of
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
belongs to the County of
Northumberland,
and is surrounded with a great Stone-Wall. That below the Castle there is a great
Hall,
where the County of
Northumberland
holds their Assizes. There is also a great
Tower,
full of Chinks, under which are two Vaults, which are the Places where the Prisoners of the County of
Northumberland
are kept, which are within the Circuit of the Castle itself.
AND that there is in Being the exterior Wall of the Castle, which begins North of the Castle, about six Yards from the
Great Gate,
which leads into the
Castle-yard;
and so goes on eastward and southward by the Back of some Houses in the
Side.
Then it goes westward by the Back of some Houses in the
Sand-hill;
then it crosses the
Castle-stairs,
which lead to the Street called the
Close,
and from thence behind the Houses, even to the upper
Pinion-Gavel
of the House of
James Clavering
Alderman, which is about nine Yards distant from the long Stairs, where the said ancient Wall, on account of its Decay, does no farther appear; but yet the Bounds and Limits of the Castle go through the middle Part of a House, extending itself even to the Channel in the long Stairs. Then it goes along the Channel upwards on the Outside of the new Wall, which was built to enclose the
The high and great Heap,
viz.
the Dunghill on the Westside of the Castle, was taken away by Sir
John Marley
Mayor, and his Adherents, to rampart the Town-Walls against the Parliament and Commonwealth,
Dunghill. From thence it goes to the Corner of the House of
and thence by the Back-part of the House of
where the ancient outward Wall begins. This ancient outward Wall of the Castle contains by Measure three Acres of Ground and one Rood.
IN the 18th of this King's Reign, another Inquisition was held at
Newcastle
about the Castle, wherein Complaint was made of the
Dunghill
mentioned in the Bounds of the Castle, that it had increased to such a Bigness, that it was in Length 98 Yards, the Depth of it was 10 Yards, and the Breadth of it 32 Yards; which being such a prodigious Weight upon the Wall on the West-side of the Castle (which Wall was in Length 40 Yards, in Height 10 Yards, in Breadth 2 Yards) that a great Part of it is intirely thrown down and subverted to the great Detriment of the Strength of the Castle. The Damage was computed at 120
l.
IT was also by this same Inquisition complained of, that the great square Tower was full of Chinks and Crannies; and that one Third of it was almost taken away: That all the Lead and Covering which it had of old was imbezled and carried of, insomuch that the Prisoners of the County of
Northumberland
were most miserably lodged, by reason of the Showers of Rain falling upon them. They computed the Charge of repairing it would be 809
l.
15
s.
0
d.
IT has been a Building of great Strength, and no little Beauty; the vast Thickness of the Walls speaks the one, and the Ruines of some curious Workmanship speaks the other. The grand Entrance into the Castle was at the Gate facing the South, which leads up a Pair of Stairs (which still shew the Magnificence of the Builder) to a very stately Door of curious Masonry. The Room this leads into, has its Floor broken down close to the Castle-Wall, as indeed all the other Floors are to the Top of the Castle; so that excepting the Floor above the County-Goal, there is not one left, tho' there have been five Divisions or Stories of the Castle besides this. This floored Room which I was told was lately flagg'd by the Order of
William Ellison,
Esq
Alderman, when he was last Mayor in the Year 1723, seems to me without any Doubt, to have been the
common Hall
of the Castle, because on the North-side of the same Room there is an Entrance by a Descent of some Steps into a Room, where is the largest Fire-place I saw in the Castle, which plainly speaks it to have been the Kitchen. At the End of this there are several Stairs, which lead into a Place under the Kitchen, which I think goes down as low as the Bottom of the Castle. This I take to have been a Cellar, as I do also that little
dark Place
on the right Hand coming up again, to have been a Sort of a Pauntry.
THE Door I mentioned just now on the East of the Castle, which leads to the first broken down Floor, is because of it's Grandeur and Beauty, an Argument that this Room has been the most stately one in the whole Castle; another Reason for it's being so, is because of the Windows which gave Light into it. Those of them that face the East are the most beautiful of the whole Castle; besides, on the South of this Room there is an Entrance into a Sort of a Parlour or withdrawing-Room, which has a Fire Place in it; which has been a Piece of curious Workmanship, as is visible to this Day; and this Place has no Communication with any Part of the Castle but this Room. On the North-side of this Room, is a Door leading into an Apartment, where stands a Well of a considerable Depth, it was 18 Yards before we touch'd the Surface of the Water; which seems to have been placed there on purpose for the more immediate Service of
this Room:
There are some little Basons on the Top of the
Well,
with Pipes leading from them, which conveyed Water to different Appartments of the Castle; This is plain from what may be observed in the
County Goal,
at the Bottom of the Castle; the round stone Pillar in it, having an Hollow in the Middle, of a Foot wide, with a lead Spout in the Side of it.
IN the Inquisition made in the 9th of
Edward
3d abovementioned, among other Things that were complained of for being neglected, one was
Capella Domini Regis infra Castrum.
This Chapel I have been told, stood on that Part of the Castle Yard, where the Moot-hall is; but upon Searching, I found it in the Castle itself according to the Account of it just now mentioned. The Door of it is at the Bottom of the South Wall of the Castle, adjoining to the Stairs which lead into the State Chamber. It has been a Work of great Beauty and Ornament, and is still in the midst of Dust and Darkness, by far the most beautiful Place in the whole Building; the Inside of it being curiously adorned with Arches and Pillars. It is easy to observe the different Parts of it, the
Entrance,
the
Body of it,
and the
Chancel;
on the left Side of the Entrance you go into a dark little Room, which undoubtedly was the Vestry. The full Length of it is 15 Yards, the Breadth of it is 6 Yards and half. It had 3 or 4 Windows towards the East, which are now all filled up, nor is there any Light but what comes in at a little Cranny in the Wall.
Nicholas de Byker
Tenet terras suas ut faciat districtiones ad Ward' Novi Castelli super Tynam faciend' & pro deb' Domini Regis inter Tynam & Cocket, &c.
And then my Authority goes on to say, that the Manour of
Byker
was Sir
Ralph Lawson
's Knight, deceased, after of
Henry Lawson,
Esq
his Son, and now of his eldest Son, who without all Question is Bailiff by Inheritance of the said Castle, and is to levy these Castle-ward Cornage, and other Rents, Issues, Fines, and Amerciaments, belonging to the said Castle. And as he goes on, the Constable of the Castle, when that Office is settled, may appoint the learned Stewards to keep Courts, and then the Officers for the said Castle will be compleat. Besides the Rents above-mentioned, a great Number of Houses, Yards, and Gardens paid to it.
IN the 17th of
James
I. 1619, a Grant was made of the Scite and Demesnes of the Castle to
Alexander Stephenson,
Esq
who was succeeded by one
Patrick Black,
who died, and left it in the Possession of his Wife. After that one
James Langton,
Gent. claimed
Patrick Black
's Right, but by Virtue of what is not known.
THE Liberties and Privileges of the Castle extends Northwards to the River of
Tweed,
and Southward to the River of
Tees.
IT is reported, that underneath that House which was anciently the County Goal, is a
Vault
which leads to the Castle. There is indeed a large Door still to be seen, which perhaps was the Entrance into it; and Mr.
George Grey,
the present Possessor of the House, told me that it was certainly so, because he had put down thro' his own Floor a Bailiff's Rod to the very End, and could find no Bottom.
A Manuscript I have often had Occasion to mention gives us the following Account of the Castle-Yard.
THE Way thro' the Yard begins at the
Castle-Yate,
and when I was young, there was no Houses in it but the House of one
Thomas Southern,
and the House of one
Green;
these Houses were near the Gate before you came into the Castle-yard; and there was in the Garth a House, wherein the
Goaler
of the Castle dwelt, and a House wherein
William Robinson
dwelt, who was Deputy Herrald under
Norroy, King at Arms.
This Man wrote in a Book the Arms of all the Mayors of this Town, from
Laurentius Acton,
until his Time. And when I was Chamberlain of the Town, which was about the Time of Sir
Nicholas Cole
's being Mayor in the Year 1640, it was then in the Town's Chamber; when
Trollop
built the
Town-Court,
he borrow'd it, but would never restore it.
THESE were all the Houses at that Time; but since then Mr.
Bulmer,
he took a Garth behind his House in the
Side,
and built a Stable in it, and had a Garden in it; and also
George Hayroy
took from thence to the
Moat-hall,
and built Houses upon it: He was a Butcher, but not a Freeman, and these took their Lands and Houses of
Alexander Stephenson,
a Scottish Man, who came in with King
James,
for he begg'd the Castle of the King. He was one of his Close-Stool. This Man began to build the Castle-Gate, but it was finished by one
John Pickle,
who made it in the Fashion it is now, and kept a Tavern in it; and then one
Jordan
a Scotsman and
Sword-Kipper,
built the House on the South-side of the Gate, and lived in it; and
Thomas Reed,
a Scotch Pedlar, took a Shop in the North-side of the Gate.
AT present there are a good many Shops and Houses belonging to it, in and about it.
CHAP. X.
Of the lower Parts of the
TOWN.
HAVING now considered the
Castle,
and what belongs to it, we return back to the
Side,
the Street from which we entred the
Castle-yard.
Sect. I
The
SIDE.
T HIS Street is from the Head of it, to the
Stairs
on the left Hand, a very great descent, and lies narrow, untill you come to the middle of it, from which Place it opens in a spacious Breadth, and so continues to the
Sandhill.
It is from the one end to the other fill'd with Shops of
Merchants, Goldsmiths, Milliners, Upholsters,
&c. The East-side of this Street, from the Upper Part of it to
All-hallow Pant,
was called
Cordiner,
or
Cordwainer Rawe.
ABOVE the middle of the Street are Stairs leading up to the Castle-yard, which was the Eastern-Postern of the Castle, and after called the Waste of
Laurentius Acton,
as appears from the Account of
Gunner Tower;
and our Towns-man,
Grey,
says, that in the Middle of this Street is an antient
Stone-House,
an Appendix to the Castle, which in former Times belonged to the Lord
Lumley,
before the Castle was built, or at least coetany with the Castle.
ON the other Side of this Street, opposite to the Waste now mentioned, is a
Corner Shop,
which formerly belong'd to a Chantery in St.
John
's Church. On the same Side of this Street, almost opposite to this Eastern-Postern of the Castle, is a short narrow Lane, (which formerly seems to have gone by the Name of
Vide Gunner-Tower.
Swinburn-place
) which leads by Stairs into a dark narrow Lane which faces the
Painter Heugh
that leads into
Pilgrim-street.
On the Northend of this Lane there was a Place called
Vide Gunner-Tower.
Pencher Place,
perhaps the whole Lane was called so. It goes as far as the
Nether-dean-bridge,
under which is now a Ware-house of Mr.
James Moncaster,
Merchant. Under this I am told the
Rings
are still to be seen that the
Boats
were fastned to, which brought up the Merchant Goods, when the Merchants had their Shops in the
Flesh-market.
On the South it leads to the Side.
THE Pant standing near the Shop of Mr.
Robert Makepeice,
is undoubtedly that which went by the Name of
All-Hallow-Pant;
The other Side of the Street from
All-Hallow-Pant
to the
Cale-Cross,
was formerly divided by the coming up of the River, which was called
Lorkburn,
and the East of it had the Name of
Flesher-Raw:
because I suppose the Butchers had their Shops there, as well as on the
Butcher-Bank:
The West bore the Name of the
Side.
After that,
Lorkburn
was cover'd with Flags at the Top, and made one Street, which all goes by the Name of the Side. In the Year 1696
Lorkburn
was arch'd at the Top, and pav'd over.
WE come now to the
Cale-Cross,
so called because of the
Cale
or
Broth
which was sold there in former Times. This seems to have been it's original Name, for I meet with it in the Reign of King
Richard
the Second, as may be seen in the Account of
St. Margaret
's Chantery in
St. Nicholas,
and also in a Writing dated
Edward
the Third. What
Grey
says of it is still just, that it is a fair Cross, with Columns of Stone Hewn, covered with Lead: There is at the Top of it a Cistern which holds the
New-Water.
Here is sold Milk, Eggs, Cheese, Butter,
&c.
FROM the
Cross
the Street has the Name of
Cale-Cross,
'till you come to the
Sandhill,
which leaving the
Butcher-Bank
that leads to
All-Hallow
's Church on the left Hand, you come immediately to
Sect. II. SANDHILL.
THE
Sandhill
is so called, because it was formerly a
Hill
of
naked Sand,
when the Tide was out. For formerly the
Tyne
overflowed all this Place. After it was taken in it became Part of the Town: That Part of it on the West-side of
Lorkburn,
was a Place of Pleasure and Recreation for the Towns-People. For in the Reign of
Richard
the 2d, a Proclamation was made, commanding to remove all Merchandise from a certain
Common Place,
in
Newcastle
called
Sandhill,
where the Inhabitants were wont to assemble for their Recreation.
IT is a spacious Place, and adorned with Buildings very high and stately, whose Rooms speak the
Ancient Grandeur,
being very large and Magnificent. It is now that Part of the Town where the chief Affairs of Trade and Business are transacted. The Shops in this Street are almost altogether those of
Merchants,
which have many of them great Conveniencies of Lofts, Garners and Cellars.
HERE is the Market for
Fish, Herbs, Bread, Cloth, Leather,
&c. which for the one Part of Things,
viz.
those to be wore, is kept every
Tuesday
and
Saturday;
for Things to be eat, every Day.
ON the South-side of the Street, is the ancient Hospital called the
Hospitale Novicastri super Tynam in Comitatu Northumbriae vocatum Thornton's Hospital.
Licentia
Henrici
Regis Quarti Rogero de Thornton concessa pro fundatione ejusdem.
Rex, &c. Sciatis quod de gratia nostra specialis & consideratione cujusdam summae Pecuniae nobis in camera nostra, per dilectum nobis Rogerum nuper solutae, concessimus & Licentia dedimus, &c. praesato Rogero, quod ipse quoddam Hospipitale in Honore Sanctae Katharinae, in quodam Messuagio suo per ipsum sum Rogerum in parte nuper edificato in quodam loco vocato,
Le Sandhill,
in villa nostro
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
continente C. Pedes in Longitudine, XL Pedes in Latitudine de uno Capellano divina infra Hospitale praedictum, pro Salubri statu ipsius Rogen dum vixeret, & pro anima sua cum ab hac luce migraverit, ac animabus patris & matris ipsius Rogeri, & Agnetis nuper uxoris ejus; necnon antecestorum & liberorum suorum, ac omnium fidelium desunctorum singulis diebus celebraturo; ac de novem viris & quaruor Faeminis pauperibus in eodem Hospitale continue residentibus jaxta ordinationem ipsius Rogeri vel executorum suorum in hac parte faciendam, de novo facere, creare, sundare, & stabilire possit in perpetuum: Et quod Hospitale illud, Hospitale per se privatum & incorporatum existat in perpetuum, ac etiam quod capellanus Hospitalis praedicti, qui pro tempore suerit, sit custos ejusdem Hospitalis; ac quod idem Capellanus Custos & praedicti viri & Faeminae, Fratres & Sorores Hospitalis Sanctae Katherinae, vocati
Thornton's Hospital
in Novo Castro super Tinam, nuncupatur quodque custos Fratres & Soroves & corum Successores per nomen custodis Fratrum & Sororum Hospitalis Sanctae Katherinae, vocati
Thornton's Hospital,
in Novo Castro super Tynam, sint personae capaces & habiles ad omnimoda terras, tenementa, redditus & servicia ac alias possessones quascumque de quibusdam personis adquirendas, capiendas & recipiendas, tenendas sibi & successoribus suis, custodibus Fratribus, & Sororibus, Hospitalis predicti in perpetuum, Licenna Regia inde primitus optenta. Necnon quod idem custos, &c. fint personae habiles ad alios implaciandos & ab aliis implacitari & ad desendendum in quibuscunque placitis & querelis per nomen custodis Fratrum & Sororum Hospitalis Sanctae Katherinae vocati
Thornton's Hospital
in Novo Castro super Tynam. Et quod licet unum commune Sigillum pro negotiis & agendis ejusdem Hospitalis deserviturum in perpetuum, Et ulterius, &c. Licentiam dedimus, &c. praefato Rogero quod ipse quandam cantariam de uno Capellano divina ad altare Beati Petri in capella
Omnium Sanctorum
in villa praedicta pro statu & animabus praedictis singulis diebus celebratur juxta ordinationem ipsius Rogeri vel executorum suorum in hac parie faciendam, scilicet sacere fundare & stabilire possit in perpetuum. Concessimus etiam, &c. praefato Rogero quod ipse messuagium suum praedictum cum pertinentiis, quod de nobis teneat in Burgagio, postquam Hospitale praedictum, sic factum fundatum & stabilitum suerit dare possit & assignare praefatis custodi Fratribus & Sororibus Hospitalis praedicti habendum & tenendum sibi & successoribus suis, tam pro Inhabitatione fua, quam in [auxilium] sustentationis suae in perpetuum concessimus insuper, &c. eldem Rogero quod ipse Heredes assignati, vel executores sui terras Tenementa & redditus cum pert' ad valorem
x l.
per Annum tam ea quae de nobis tenentur in Burgagio quam ea quae de nobis non tenentur acquirere & praefatis Custodi Fraeribus & sororibus Hospitalis praedicti ac capellano Cantariae predictae cum sic facta fundata & stabilita fuerit, juxta diferetionem & limitationem suam divisam, & proportionabiliter dare assignare & concedere possint habend'
&c.
in perpetuum,
&c.
T. Rege apud Westin.
x
Junii.
Maison Dieu,
or,
the House of God.
It was founded by that great Benefactor
Roger Thornton,
in the Reign of King
Henry
the Fourth, upon the Death of his Wife, for a Chaplain to pray for the Soul of the said
Roger,
as long as he lived, and after he was dead, and for the Souls of his Father and Mother, and
Agnes
his late Wife,
&c.
This Priest was called the
Guardian
or
Keeper
of the said Hospital, because of the Care he had over
nine poor Men
and
four poor Women,
who resided there. These poor People were called the
Brethren
and
Sisters
of St.
Katharine
's, Hospital; for to this Saint was the Hospital dedicated.
IN the 34th of
Henry
VI.
Roger Thornton
granted to the Mayor and Community of
Newcastle,
the Use of the
Hall
and
Kitchen
belonging to the Hospital of the blessed
Katharine
the Virgin on the
Sandhill.
IN the Year 1629, Sir
Richard Lumley,
in Consideration of 100
l.
convey'd to the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle,
and their Successors for ever, all that Building of Stone covered with Lead, standing near to the Water of
Tine,
and to the East-part of the Town's Chamber, being about 16 Yards in Length, and anciently Part of the
Hospital of St.
Katharine
the Virgin.
Grey.
UPON this Building stands the stately Court of the
Merchant-Adventurers
of the
Old Staple,
resident at that flourishing City of
Antwerp
in
Brabant;
since removed to the more northern Provinces under the
States.
Their Charters are ancient, their Privileges and Immunities great; they have no Dependence upon
London,
having a Governor, twelve Assistants, two Wardens and a Secretary. The present Governor is
Richard Ridley,
Esq
Alderman of this Town, who has been Governor of this Company for many Years.
THIS Room in ancient Times, as we are inform'd by the
Milbank Manuscript,
was given to the Town for a young Couple, when they were married, to make their Wedding-dinner in, and receive the Offerings and Gifts of their Friends; for at that Time Houses were not large. 'Tis true indeed, the Houses in the
Flesh-market,
which were built many Years before this upon the
Sandhill,
had most of them Rooms near as stately, if not altogether as stately as this Room is; but then they were the Houses of the
Great Merchants and Aldermen of the Town.
So that the Tradition of this Room may be true enough.
THIS Hall is adorn'd with the Arms of several
generous Benefactors,
and some of the most curious carv'd Work in Wood. Here it is that for some Years by past, the annual Feast of the Sons of the Clergy has been held.
ADJOINING to the West End of this ancient Building, was the
Town-Court,
which was built by that worthy Man
Roger Thornton.
This was pull'd down and the present one erected
Anno
1658. Alderman
Weimoth
by Will, dated the 11th of
April,
gave 1200
l.
towards it, and the Town was at the rest of the Charge, which amounted to above 10000
l.
Mr.
Joshua Douglas
the Town-Clerk accounts for it in this Manner.
 
l.
s.
d.
IN the Year 1659, in
October,
the Town paid
Robert Trollop
for building the Court
9771
00
00
IN the Year 1660, there is order'd more in Full
500
00
00
THE Purchase-Money paid
Phineas Allen,
for Part of the Ground where the Court is built, which had Houses on it but were then pull'd down.
 
 
 
TROLLOP
had, as Mr.
Douglas
also acquaints us, 50
l.
for setting up the
King's Arms
in the
Court
and Bridge, and 50 more for finishing them, and making the
Conduit
on the
Sandhill.
THIS Building, as to its Form and Model, is of great Beauty, and withal very sumptuous. That Part of it, which is the
Court
itself, is a very stately
Hall,
whose lofty Cicling is adorn'd with various Painting, and its Floor laid with checker'd Marble. On the
East end
of it is a Dial, and the Entrance into the
Merchants Court.
On the West are the
Benches,
where the Magistrates sit, raised considerably above the Floor of the
Court,
above which are the Pictures of King
Charles
II. and King
James
II. large as the Life. On the North a Gallery for Spectators; and on the South the Windows, which are very pretty, particularly that Window which is a
Katharine-Wheel,
in which is a large Sun-dial of painted Glass, with this Motto,
Eheu Fugaces!
Under this is a large
Balcony,
which overlooks the River. Here it is that the
Mayor
and
Sheriff
keep their Courts, and the Judges at
Lammas
hold the Assize. Here is kept the
Guilds,
the Court of
Admiralty,
&c.
ON the North-side of this
Hall
is a magnificent Entrance into a Passage, which leads into a large Room called the
Town's Chamber.
Here it is that the
Mayor
transacts the common Business of the Town. Here the Common Council is held, where the
Mayor
sits on a Bench distinguishable from the others, the Aldermen on each Side of him, the Common Council below upon Chairs placed on each Side the Room, and separated from the Benches, as the Court itself is separated from the Benches there. And here upon the Days of
Rejoicing,
the
State Holidays,
the Mayor not long ago entertained the
Magistrates
and
Burgesses
with a Banquet of Wine,
&c.
to which they were wont to come from the
Mayor
's
House
with great Pomp and Solemnity. At the West-end of the Room is a small Apartment, or withdrawing Room, where the Magistrates upon Occasion retire, where the ancient Records of the Town are kept,
&c.
Under this Court and Chambers are the
Weigh-house
and
Town-house.
The former is for weighing all Sorts of Commodities; for in the Reign of King
Henry
VI. Brass Weights according to the Standart were sent to this Town. The latter is the Place where the Clerk of the Chamber and the Chamberlain are to receive the Revenues of the Town for
Coal, Salt, Ballast, Grind-Stone,
&c.
Grey.
BEFORE I leave this Street, I must by no Means omit the Effigies of King
James
II. which stood here, as I have been told, on that Side of the Bull-ring next the Court-stairs. By the Account I have had (for I never saw the Statue itself, nor the Picture of it) it must have been a very curious Work. The King's Picture on Horseback was cast in
Copper
large as the Life; the Horse stood upon his Hind-Feet, raised upon a Pedestal of
white Marble,
which was surrounded with
Iron-Pales.
It cost the Town 1700
l.
and was confess'd the most beautiful and curious of its Kind that was in the whole Kingdom. Certainly it was a great Ornament to the Town, and 'tis therefore great Pity it is not still in Being, tho' it was the Statue of an unfortunate King. But there is no Bounds to the heady Proceedings of a furious Mob; it drives all before it, without either Reason or Reflection, and bears no Regard to Things either Civil or religious. Such a one I am told was this, that pull'd down the
noble Statue;
a few Soldiers, as drunk with Loyalty as with Liquor, assisted by the busy hot-headed Genius of
Sandgate,
having provided Ropes for that Purpose, pull'd it down, dragg'd it from thence to the
Key,
and threw it into the
River.
This was in the Year 1688; it was afterwards taken up again, and Part of it cast into a Set of Bells, which now belong to
All-Hallows
in this Town.
Sect. III.
The
CLOSE.
ON the East of this Street is the Entrance to the
Key-side,
which shall be spoken hereafter. On the
West
is the
Close,
to which as you go along, you pass by the
North-side of the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr;
and on the other Side opposite to this
Chapel,
an ancient House which is said to be built by
Richard de Emmeldon,
Mayor of
Newcastle,
for three Priests to pray for his Soul. I take it to be nigh those Stairs which lead up to the
Half-Moon,
the ancient outward Fortification.
FROM hence going on still Westward, you cross over the North-end of the
Tine-bridge,
and so pass into the Street called the
Closs.
It answers its Name exactly well, for it is but narrow and close too. It was formerly that Part of the Town where the principal Inhabitants liv'd, Sir
John Marly,
Sir
William Blacket,
Sir
Mark Milbank;
and the Houses of many other Gentlemen of Figure are still remembred by the ancient Inhabitants. And indeed however the Street itself may be, however mean the Fronts of the Houses are, within they speak Magnificence and Grandeur, the Rooms being very large and stately, and for the most Part adorn'd with curious
Carving.
The Earl of
Northumberland
's House was in this Street; it was that House which has at its Entrance a
great Gate,
besides which there is a large round Ball of Stone, the House on this Side Mr.
Thorp Stewart
's. In the lower Part of this Building, towards the Water, are very manifest Tokens of its Antiquity
OF late Years these Houses have been forsaken, and their wealthier Inhabitants have chosen the higher Parts of the Town.
ON the right Hand as you enter the Street from the
Tine-Bridge,
are Stairs which lead into the
Castle-yard,
which were the
Southern Postern
of the Castle, and are called the
Castle-stairs.
On the same Side a little further along, are
other Stairs,
which are called the
Long Stairs,
which lead up to the
Bailiff-Gate, Backraw, Castle-yard, Side,
&c. almost opposite to which is a small
Key,
called
Javel-Gripp.
Somewhat further along are
other Stairs
on the same Side of the Street, leading to
West-gate,
which are called
Tudhill-Stairs.
Perhaps it is not amiss to tell you what I have been somewhere inform'd of, that the proper Name of it should be
Tout-hill,
from the touting or winding of a Horn upon it, when an Enemy was at Hand. What makes me the more inclineable to believe this Tradition to be true, is, that Cornage was paid to the Castle, as may be seen in our Account of it. Now
Cornage
comes from the Word
Cornagium,
(from
Cornu
a Horn) and was a Kind of grand Serjeanty: The Service of which Tenure was to blow a Horn, when any Invasion of the
Scots
was perceived; and by this many Men held their Land Northward, about the
Picts Wall. Cambd. Britan.
609 Pag. and
Littleton,
Fol. 35.
ALMOST opposite to these Stairs is the House of the Mayors of
Newcastle,
where they reside during the Year of their Mayoralty. It is a Building grand and stately; and considering the Place it stands in, is very ornamental. As the Mayors of
Newcastle
have such continual Business at Court, tho' the Situation is not so pleasing as that of the upper Part of the Town, it is yet more advantageous, as it is nigher the Court.
BEYOND this House a little Way, still going on Westward, is the Gate belonging to this Street, called the
Close-Gate.
The Town-wall descends from the
West-Friar Tower,
down a dangerous Pair of Stairs, upon a very steep Bank, to this Gate, from which it goes Southward to the Water-side, where is an old Tower, now the Hall of the Sail-makers.
WITHOUT this
Close
Gate is a Way to the
Forth,
a Place of Recreation.
IN the
Close
were many Houses, which pay an annual Rent to the Master and Brethren of St.
Mary
the Virgin.
THIS Street is commemorated in many ancient Writings for a Mill, which (in ancient Times, long before these were drawn) was wont to stand upon the
Hoga,
that is, upon the
Bank
without the
Close-Gate.
In a Grant from the Master and Brethren of St.
Mary
's in
West-gate,
it is permitted to the Parties concern'd, that they have
quandam placeam terrae in Vico quoe vocatur
le Closs,
sicut se extendit in longitudine de Hoga, ubi
antiquum molidinum
solebat stare, usque ad aquam
Tinae, &
quantum de
Tina
acquirere poterit.
Sect. IV. TINE-Bridge.
IN coming into the
Close,
we cross'd the End of the
The Bridge is of great Antiquity, undoubtedly as old as the Times of the
Romans.
There must have been a Communication between this and the other Side of the River; and therefore there was a Necessity for it. The ingenious Mr.
Horsley,
p.
104,
says,
I think there are some certain and visible Remains of a military Way on
Gateshead
-Fell, pointing directly towards the Part, where I suppose the Station has been at
Newcastle,
and coming, as I apprehend, from
Chester le Street.
Dr.
Hunter
assured me, he had also observ'd visible Remains of such a Way. And it is the common Opinion, that there has been a military Way from
Chester
to
Newcastle;
this Way tends towards the Place where the Bridge now is. There must then have been a Bridge in the
Roman
Times over the River
Tine,
near the Place where the present Bridge stands.
Tine
-Bridge, let us now return and consider it a little. It has been a Query, whether the Bridge was originally of Wood or Stone; but I think it is altogether needless; all the Bridges in
England
were originally of Wood. In the Reign of
Richard
I.
Philip
Bishop of
Durham
sent to the Burgesses of
Gate-Side
a Grant of
Forestage,
in which are these Words:
And it shall be lawful for every Burgess to give Wood to whomsoever he will, to be spent about the River of
Tine,
without any Licence.
This I imagine has been for the building of Keys, and especially for the repairing of the
Bishop
's Part of the Bridge, which is a further Proof, that this Bridge, which was the original one, was
Wood.
But what I think puts it beyond Dispute, is, that according to
Matthew Paris,
it was burnt in the Year 1248, together with a great Part of the Town.
AFTER this Misfortune hapned, the Town, who repairs two Thirds of the Bridge, and the
Thomas Ruthall,
Bishop of
Durham,
in the Reign of
Henry VII.
built or repair'd the third Part of the Bridge over the River
Tine,
toward the South.
Goodwin.
Bishop the other, laid out their Endeavours to raise up another Bridge of
Stone.
Accordingly the Bishop of
Durham
sent out Indulgences, and the Town procured other Bishops to do the same, to all those that would assist either with Money or Labour in the erecting of it. By which Means they got such a Sum as was sufficient.
THE Archdeacon of
Northumberland
wrote to the Clergy of his Archdeaconry, and desired them to assist the Work of the
Bridge
as much as they could, telling them, their venerable Father the Lord Bishop of
Durham
by his Letters Patents, had commanded them without any Let or Delay, to go about the Affair of
Indulgences,
and that they were to prefer the Episcopal Indulgences to others. And what arose from them was to be given to the
Master of the Bridge,
who was then
Laurentius,
for the Use of the Bridge.
Lib. Cart.
IN like Manner the Official of
Carlisle
promised an Indulgence of 10 Days to any one, that would assist the repairing of
Tine
-Bridge.
WALTER
Bishop of
Rochester
on the 8th of the Ides of
September,
in the Year of our Lord 1277, granted an
Indulgence of
20
Days
to all that bestowed Part of the Substance GOD had given them, to the repairing of the
Tine
-Bridge, or would assist the repairing of it, by working at it with their own Hands.
IT is supposed by some, that
William
St.
Barbara
sent the following Indulgence; but that can't be, for he liv'd a great while before the Bridge was built. It was therefore
Walter
Bishop of
Durham,
who in the 8th Year of his Pontificate sent it, dated at
Weremouth.
Walterus Dei gratia, Dunelm. Epis. dilectis in Christo Filiis, Archidiacon. Officialibus, Decan. Parsonis, Vicariis, ceterisque Ecclesiarum Praelatis, per Dioc. Dunelmens. constitutis, Salutent a
ter-nam.
Quoniam, ut ait Apostolus, omnes stabimus ante tribunal Domini nostri Jesu Christi, receptare prout in corpore gessimus, sive bonum sive malum: oportet nos diem messionis extremae, misericordiae operibus praevenire, ac aeternorum intuitu seminare in terris, quod, reddente Domino, cum multiplicato fructu recolligere debeamus in Coelis, firmam spem fiduciamque renentes. Quoniam qui seminat in pace, pace & metat, & qui seminat in benedictionibus, de benedictionibus & metat vitam aeternam. Cum igitur Pons de
Tina
nimia indigeat reparatione, nec sine
Largitionibus valeat sustentari; vobis mandamus, subditis vestris moneatis, & efficaciter inducatis, ut de bonis à Deo collatis, pias Elcemosynas ac grata Caritatis subsidia ad hoc studeant erogare, ut per subventionem suam opus hujusmodi valebat conseminari. Hos autem de dei omnipotentis misericordia, ac beatorum Petri & Pauli Apostolorum ejus meritis & intercessione consici, qui ad dicti Pontis reparationem & sustentationem de bonis a Deo collatis pie contulerint, viginti dies diminuta sibi penitentia miserecorditer Relaxamus. Dat' apud Wearem' xiiijo Kalend' Octob' Pontis' nost' anno octavo.
WALTER,
by the Grace of GOD, to his beloved Sons in Christ, to the
archdeacons, Officials, Dean, Parsons Vicars,
and to the other
Prelates
of Churches in the Diocess of
Durham,
eternal Health.
FORASMUCH as the Apostle says, that
We must all stand before the Judgment-seat of Christ, to receive as we have done in the Body, whether it be good or bad;
we ought to prevent the Day of the last Harvest, by doing Works of Mercy, and looking towards heavenly Things, and to sow on Earth what we shall reap in Heaven, with manifold Fruit, holding a firm Hope and Trust; Because he that sowes in Peace shall reap in Peace, and he that soweth in Blessings, shall of Blessings also reap, and shall reap eternal Life. Seeing then that the
Tine
-Bridge wants Abundance of Repairs, and cannot be sustained without large Alms, we command to admonish those that are under you, and efficaciously bring them to give Alms of the Things which GOD hath bestowed on them; and that for the Sake of Charity they would bestow on the Work what they can, that by their own Aid and Assistance a Work of this Kind may be restored: And relying on the Mercy of the Omnipotent God, and on the Merits and Intercession of the blessed Apostles
Peter
and
Paul,
we release all those our Parishioners, truly repenting and confessing, who shall piously contribute of the Things GOD hath sent them, to the repairing and sustaining the said
Bridge,
we mercifully release them from the smallest Penance, for twenty Days to come.
SEWALDUS
Archbishop of
York,
on the Ides of
September,
in the Year of our Lord 1257, granted an Indulgence of 30 Days to come to every one that bestowed any Thing towards the Building and repairing of
Tine
-Bridge.
ANDREW,
Bishop of
Cathness
in
Scotland,
gave Liberty by a Grant to collect Alms throughout his whole Diocess, for the repairing of the
Tyne
-Bridge.
THE Bishop of
Waterford
in
Ireland
granted also to those that would assist the repairing of the
Tyne
-Bridge in
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
a Promise of being prayed for in the Cathedral Church of the
Holy-Trinity
in
Waterford,
and in the other Churches of his Diocess, and also an Indulgence for 10 Days.
AMONGST the many Benefactors occasioned by these Means, are these following.
JOHN
the Son of
Decanus,
and
Bartholomew
the Son of
William,
Son of
Benedict,
Guardians of the Alms collected for the Support of the
Tine
-Bridge, with the Council and Assent of the
Mayor, Bailiffs
and
Burgesses,
confirmed to
Gervasius
the Son of
Ralph,
that whole Land with every Thing belonging to it, in the Fields of
Jesemuthia,
which
Henry de Bulmar,
and
Ralph
gave, and by their Carts confirmed to the said
Tine
-Bridge,
&c.
on Condition that he render'd to the said
Tine
-Bridge, one
Plank,
or
Six Shillings
annually at the Feast of St.
Michael, Adam de Jesumuthia
was the first Witness to this Grant.
ADAM
of
Jesumuthia
granted to GOD, and to the
Tine
-Bridge, on Account of the Soul of
William de Greenville
and the Souls of his Ancestors, part of the Ground in the Land of
Jesumuth.
SOME of the Witnesses to this Chart were
Gilbert de Valle, Adam de Plessy, Gilbert de Oggell, William de Byker, Elge de Gosford.
RICHARD de Northesold,
and
Hugh
of
London,
gave
nine Shillings
and
six Pence,
out of certain Lands lying in the
vico fori
to the repairing of the Bridge. One
Stephen
of
Benwell
is mention'd in this Grant, as having Land adjoining to that out of which this Money is granted.
SOME of the Witnesses to this Grant were
Thomas Carliol,
then Mayor of the Town, &c.
J. Lindisay,
Bail'
Robert de Mitford, Adam de Blakedon.
NICHOLAS de Saws
gave to the Reparation of the
Bridge,
when
Nicholas Scot
was Mayor, and
Adam de Blakedon, Laurentius Custos pontis, & Sancti Thome,
1269.
SOME other Benefactors occasioned by the same Means,
viz.
PETER de Graper, Adam
Son of
Henry de Carliol,
Burgess of
Newcastle, Nicholas
Son of
Adam de Carliol,
Burgess of
Newcastle, Henry Lewyn, Joannes Aurisaber, Robert de Valenceves,
and
Emma
his Wife,
Henricus, Gervasius, John de Burneto,
St.
Thomas
's Chapel.
John Brune, Joannes Page, Richard de Cromclif, Roger Amyas, Anno
1292,
William
of
Salisbury,
1315,
Ralph Brydock
of
Gateside,
1323,
Simon de Shotton, Robert de Seaton, Henry Gategang Parson de Emildon,
1251. In the Year 1255,
Henry de Carliol,
then Mayor,
Robert Valesine
gave an annual Rent to the Support of the
Tine
-Bridge, and to a
Chaplain
to put up Prayers for the Souls of himself, his Father, and
Emma
his late Wife, in the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr.
Laurentius de Moreton
and
Alice
his Wife of this Town, granted a Messuage in
Pampeden
to
John de Brinklawe
of
Newcastle,
and his Wife; on Condition that they paid to the Guardian or Master of the Bridge 4
s.
at the Terms agreed upon, and gave to them and their Heirs one
Et nobis & Heredibus nostris unam Rosam ad Festum Nativitatis Sancti Joannis Baptistae. Lib. Cart. p. 55.
Rose at the Feast of the Nativity of St.
John
Baptist.
FOR the Collection of these Alms, and receiving them, there was one constituted the
Custos
or
Guardian
of the Bridge, which was sometimes also the Master of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, as may be observed in the Account of those Charities.
IN the 43d of
Edward
the 3d, an Inquisition was made, whereby it was found, that the Bridge was so decay'd, that 1000
l.
would not repair it; and that 20 Marks belongs to the said Bridge, and to the
Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr,
built upon the same, 10 whereof was paid to the Master of the said
Chapel,
for himself, and his Clerk, and the remaining ten Marks to the Bridge Master Builder.
THIS Bridge, after it was repaired, stood upon 12 bold Arches, but now there are only 9, the rest being turned into Cellaring, at the Building of the Keys. It is a pretty Street, beset with Houses on each Side for a great Part of it. In the Entrance from the North into it, stands the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, sometime Archbishop of
Canterbury,
so called, because it was dedicated to him. Who the Founder of it was I have never been able to learn, nor the Time of it's Building; but it must have been after the Year 1171, the Year when the
Martyr
suffer'd, and it must have been built before the Year 1248, because then it was in being.
IN this
Chapel
were
Three Chanteries.
THE Chantery of St.
Anne
in the Chapel of St.
Thomas
upon
Tine
-Bridge, was founded by
William Herryng,
valued at 4
l.
17
s.
and arose out of certain Tenements on the
Sandhill.
THE Chantery of our
Lady
in the said Chapel: No Deed of Foundation to be shewed, but the Incumbent now being is Resident upon the same, and he and his Predecessors, some say, always presented by the Mayor of
Newcastle
for the Time being, and
Christopher Threkeld
Patron, valued at 4
l.
3
s.
6
d.
which arose out of certain Tenements in the
Close
and
Side.
ANOTHER Chantery of our
Lady
founded by
George Carr,
Merchant, of
Newcastle;
but never Licenced, valued at 5
l.
6
s.
8
d.
out of the
Sandhill
and the
Side.
SOME of the Masters of the Chapel are these following.
WILLIAM de Stanhope custos Capellae Sancti
Thomae
Martyris Anno
1297,
&
1289.
NICHOLAS de Stockton Magister Capellae beati
Thomae
Martyris,
1341.
IN the Reign of
Edward
the third,
anno
1347,
William Spynn
was
Capellanus Custos Capellae Sancti
Thomae
Martyris,
and Guardian of the Alms for the Support of the
Tine
-Bridge. In this Year by the Consent of the Mayor and Bailiffs and Common Council of
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
he confirmed by his own Charter to
Gilbert de Mitford,
Burgess of
Newcastle,
the middle Cellar of the three which are under the
Chapel,
on Condition that he paid annually fourteen Shillings at the Feast of St.
Martyn
in the
Winter,
&c. to the said Master,
&c.
This Grant was sealed with the Town's Seal, and signed by
Peter Grasser,
Mayor,
William de Acton, Hugo de Angreton, Hugo de Carliol, & John de Emeldon,
Bailiffs.
WE meet him also 1352.
JOHN Croft, Custos, Edw.
4th's Reign,
anno
1405; Master also in the Year 1411.
THOMAS Scot Custos Capellae,
&c. in the Reign of
Hen.
7,
anno
1498.
32d
Hen.
8th,
John Brandlin, Clericus
Master.
ST.
Mary Magdalen
's Hospital was annexed to the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, at the Bridge-end, and consists of a Master and three poor Brethren, to be free Burgesses of this Town, each Brother to have 3
l.
6
s.
3
d. per annum;
and the Curate for reading Prayers, and one Sermon in the Year, has 4
l.
6
s.
8
d.
and the Collecter of the Rents about 1
l.
17
s.
6
d.
The whole Rental is 29
l.
7
s.
8
d.
THIS Grant or Charter was renewed in the Reign of King
James
the first, whereby
Robert Jennison
is declared the first Master, perhaps Mr.
Robert Bonner
was second, upon whose Death Mr.
Thomas Davison
was chosen 1675,
qui obiit
1715.
THE present Master is the Rev. Dr.
Thomlinson.
THIS Chapel was lately beautified and Pewed, and on Sunday the 10th of
September
1732, (the whole Body of the Magistrates coming to it with the usual Solemnities and Formalities) was set apart by the Corporation for a Chapel of Ease to the Church of St.
Nicholas.
The Sermon in the Morning was preached by the Rev. Mr. Vicar; that in the Afternoon by the Rev. Mr.
Clayton.
The officiating Ministers are the Rev. Mr.
Cowling,
who preaches on the Sunday Morning, and the Rev. Mr.
Cuthberts,
and the Rev. Mr.
Clayton,
on the Sunday Afternoon alternately.
A little beyond this is a large and strong Building, which
Grey
informs us, was built a little before the Writing of his History, upon an Arch of the Bridge, and used for a
Magazine
for the Town. Under this are the Shops of
Francis Rudston,
Esq
Alderman, and Mr.
William Sorsby.
There is very visible above this Gate-way, the Remains of a Port Cullice. After the
Restoration,
the Picture of King
Charles
the 2d, was set up on the South side of this Building, with this Motto under it,
Adventus Regis, Solamen Gregis; The coming of the King, is the Comfort of the People.
It was wont to look exceedingly beautiful, and in coming along the Bridge from the South, was a very worthy and conspicuous Ornament to the Town; but of late it is pretty much obscur'd with Dust, if not defac'd with the Weather, through the Want of being put into a little Order and Regularity.
ON the North-side of this Building is an Account of it's being repair'd in the Year 1713.
Henry Reay,
Esq
Mayor;
Joseph Green,
Esq
Sheriff.
AFTER you come from under the Gateway of the
Magazine,
there is an
open
on the Bridge on either Side. Over the one of these it was that surprizing Accident happened to Mr.
Anderson,
a Merchant and Alderman this Town: As he was looking over the Bridge talking with a Friend, he finger'd a Ring he had on (as People frequently do when they are thoughtful) which before he was aware, fell into the River, and was given entirely over for lost. Sometime after one of his Servants having bought a Salmon in the Market, found the very Ring in the Belly of the Fish, and restored it to his Master.
Herodotus
gives the like Account in the 3d Book of
Polycrates
King of
Samos,
who was at that Time esteem'd one of the Favourites of Fortune, which as my Authority observes, may satisfy us of the Truth of
Solomon
's saying,
There is no new Thing under the Sun.
THIS Gentleman was Mayor of
Newcastle,
and was Ancestor of the present Mr.
Abraham Anderson
Merchant, on the
Sandhill.
The said
Francis Anderson
made his Estate to his Son
Henry Anderson,
who was the Father of the said
Abraham
's Grandfather. The Estate and Ring have been in the Family ever since, and are now in the Possession of the said
Abraham.
I my self saw this
Ring
about 4 Months ago. The Impression the Seal gives is that of
Soloman
and the Queen of
Sheba.
On the Inside of the Ring, just under the Signet, is the Picture of a
Salmon,
in Commemoration of the Fish and the Transaction, on the one Side of which is the Letter
F,
and on the other the Letter
R,
in Commemoration of the
Person.
It is a Curiosity so great, that not only the whole Kingdom can't show the like of it; but the whole World beside, nay the World itself never, that we know of, had the like Transaction but once before,
viz.
that before-mentioned. The Gentleman therefore who has this valuable Jewel in his Possession, ought to have the utmost Care of it upon many Accounts, and as none of the least, that it is a Credit to his Family, as well as to the Town.
A little further, about the middle of the Bridge is a large old Tower, which they call the Tower of the Bridge, where leud and disorderly Persons are kept 'till they are examined by the Mayor, and brought to due Punishment, except the Crime be of a very gross Nature, and then are removed to
Newgate
and there continue 'till the Assizes. Beyond this a little is the
Blue-Stone,
which gives the Name of the
Blue-Stone
to that Part of the Bridge. Here is the Bounds of
Newcastle
Southwards. Beyond this, the other Part of the Bridge belongs to the County Palatine of
Durham,
and is repaired by the
Bishop.
At the End of the Bridge, which leads into
Gateside,
is another
Tower,
where has been a
Draw-bridge.
Sect. V.
Of the
KEYSIDE.
ABOVE when I mentioned the
Sandhill,
I took Notice, that on the East it leads to the
Key-side,
which is a long
Wharf
or
Key
for Ships and other Vessels. It is built upon the
Sand,
as indeed all the lower Parts of the Town have been. Through this Street goes the remaining Part of the
Town-wall,
which is continued from the East-end of the
Merchants Court
to
Sandgate Gate,
which make in some Manner
two Streets,
the Inside and Outside of the
Key.
On the Top of this
Wall
is a
Walk
along it, as is along the
other Walls
of the
Town;
and at the Bottom of it are a great many
Gates,
which are called
Water-gates.
These in the Reign of King
James
I.
Anno
1616, were ordered to be locked up every Night, except one or two to stand open, for the Masters and Seamen to go to and fro to their Ships. This was done, to prevent Servants casting Ashes and other Rubbish into the River; and those two Gates were watched all Night long.
THIS Key extends in Length from East to West 103 Rods.
THIS Street is chiefly inhabited by such as have their Living by Shipping, such as Merchants,
Hostmen, Brewars,
&c. As it is the great Place of Resort for the Business of the
Coal-trade
(the grand Support of this Town and Country, and many other Places also) and likewise for many other Things; it is not much to be wondred at, if in going along it, you see almost, nothing but a whole Street of Sign-posts of Taverns, Ale-houses, Coffee-houses,
&c.
AFTER you pass the
Custom-house,
where the King's Customs are received, which is at the
West-end
of this Street, as you go along eastward, you meet with a great many narrow
Chairs
or
Lanes.
These have so many Times changed their Names, and in all Probability will so often do it, that it is to little Purpose at present to mention them. There is however
Grundon-Chair,
which I meet with in a Writing of several hundred Years old; as also the Name of the
Broad Chair,
of a very ancient Standing, and the Name of another in a Writing, drawn in the Reign of
Henry
VI. which, had it been worth remembring, would in all Probability have been forgot long before now. But which of the others went formerly by the Names of
Brown-Chair,
the Chair of
Nicholas de Salicibus, Tod's Chair, Norham Chair, Philip's Chair, Shipman Chair, Oliver Chair, Galway Chair,
we are altogether in the dark. There is one more ancient Name of a
Chair
in this Street, which is the
Kirk-Chair,
or the Way or Lane they generally went to Church by from the
Keyside.
This I take to be that Chair, which now goes by the Name of
Fenwick
's Entry, because its Situation answers so exactly to the
Church-yard,
the Top of this Chair being almost upon a Line with the Stairs that lead up to the Church. This Lane is much the neatest of the whole Street, having in it several
good Houses,
which are kept in a different Order from the Generality of the House in those narrow Lanes. In the upper Part of it is the Dwelling-house of
Cuthbert Fenwick,
Esq
Alderman of this Town, who is the Proprietor of the whole Entry.
AT the
Key
itself is a very safe Station for Ships, where they lye free and secure from the greatest Dangers of Wind and Water, where they unload their Wares and Commodities, their
Wood, Deal;
and by a
Crane,
their
Wines, Flax,
and all heavier Commodities.
CHAP. XI.
Of
Pandon
or
Pampedon.
H AVING done with what was anciently called
Newcastle,
we come now to describe the ancient Town of
Pampedon,
which was a Town of itself distinct from
Newcastle;
but was united to it in the Reign of
Edward
I.
Vide anno
1299. There is some Doubt about the Reason of the Name, some imagining it came from
Pandana,
one of the Gates of
Rome,
which was so called,
quia semper paterit,
because
it stood always open.
But I dare say, this could never give Name to the Town of
Pandon,
which being in all Probability a
Roman
Place of Defence, was rather obliged to be always shut. Others imagine it came from
Pandara,
a
Scottish Virgin Saint;
but for what Reason they know best. For my Part I never saw one yet; and perhaps for good Reason. For if I mistake not, this Town had the Name of
Pandon,
before there ever was
a Saint in that Kingdom.
I am therefore inclinable to believe, that it got its Name from the
Romans
who lived in it, who, as
Grey
agrees, called it
Pampedon
or
Pantheon,
because perhaps some Building was erected here in this Place, in Imitation of the
Pantheon
at
Rome
(this Wall being the utmost Confines of the
Roman
Empire) which was built in Honour of all the Gods. And as this Wall was the utmost Bounds of the
Roman Empire,
therefore there might be such a
Temple
in this Place, to remind the
Romans
of the necessary Assistance of all the Gods, to preserve the Bounds of the
Roman Empire.
The late
Rom. Brit.
p.
131.
Mr.
Horsley
will have the latter Syllable of this Word to come from the Word
Deen,
which signifies a
Hollow,
or a
Brook,
because such is the Place. But with this I cannot agree; the
Deen
could not have that Weight with it, as to give Name to the whole Place; or should that be allowed, how is the former Part of the Name accounted for? It retains therefore (as
Grey
justly observes) its Name, without much Alteration, since the
Romans
resided in it. After the Departure of the Romans, as the same Authority gives out, the Kings of
Northumberland
kept their Residence in it, and had their House now called
Pandon-Hall.
It was a safe Bulwark, having the
Picls Wall
on the North-side, and the River
Time
on the South. This Place of
Pandon
is of such Antiquity, that if a Man would express an ancient Thing, it is a common
Proverb, As old as
Pandon-
Gate.
Thus far this Author.
Sect. I.
Of the
MANOUR-CHARE.
BUT to treat of some Particulars of this ancient Town, we shall begin then at the
Manour-Chare,
which leads from
Pilgrim-street
to St.
Austin Fryers.
This Chare which leads from
Pilgrim-street
to
Jesus Hospital,
and from thence to the Head of the
Broad-Chare,
was in ancient Times called
Cowgate.
This is plain from an ancient Writing in the Possession of Mr.
Thomas Waters,
in
Pilgrim-street,
dated
Feb.
20, in the 5th Year of
Edward
the 4th, where are these Words, describing the Situation of the House he possesses at present:
Prout jacet in vico Peregrinorum infra villam Novicastri super Tynam inter Tenementum nuper Laurentii de Acton ex parte Boreali, & Tenementum nuper Thomae Clerk, ex parte Australi, & extendit in Longitudine a via Regia ante, usque vicum quondam vocatum
Cowgate,
modo vocatum
Austyn-Chare,
retro.
In the Reign of
Edward
the 4th it had the Name of
Austyn-Chare,
as appears also from this Writing: Now it has the Name of
Manour-Chare
which some imagine to be given from the Word Minor or Minorites, or Franciscans; but unless they can prove that the
Fryery
of the
Franciscans
was situated here, they never can prove that the Chare was so called from them; and this is scarce possible to be done. For we have already shewn that the
Minorites
or
Franciscans
had their House in another Part of the Town,
viz.
in the
High-Fryar-Chare;
this is also clearly proved from the several Writings of the Company of Taylors, that this Place was formerly called
Cowgate,
and afterwards called the
Frear-Chare,
or St.
Austin Frear-Chare.
These Writings of theirs also mention an Alms-house, which went by the Name of
Ward
's Alms-house, situated in this Chare, I supposed it was situated at the Bottom of Mr.
Water
's Garden, for I have heard some old People say, they remember thereabouts the Ruins of an Alms-house.
Cowgate
the ancient Name of the Street, is still continued in one Part of it,
viz.
from the Foot of
Silver-street,
to the Head of the
Broad-Chare.
HAVING come down this Lane from
Pilgrim-street,
we come to three different Ways; that on the Right leads down into
Pandon;
that on the Front leads into the
Town
's
Hospital;
and that on the Left, into St.
Austin-Fryers,
and
Carliol-Croft.
Sect. II.
Of St.
AUSTIN-FRYERS.
THE left-hand Passage has still the Remains of a large Gate, which has been one of the Gates leading to St.
Austin-Fryers,
which, (having past this Gate) is a little above upon the Right Hand. There is still a compleat Quadrangle, to be seen, the South-side of which has undoubtedly been the Chapel. This seems to have been the ancient Building, for
Grey
seems to speak of some sumptuous Additions that were made to it. In succeeding Ages, says he, it was inlarged and beautified with stately Buildings, Cloysters, and a Fair Church. The Kings of
England
since the Conquest, kept House in it, whence they came with an Army Royal against
Scotland;
and since the Suppression of Monasteries, made a Magazine and Store-house for the North Parts. Now of late that Princely Fabrick is demolished, and laid level with the Ground. The Pride, Covetousness, Luxury and Idolatry of these Houses brought a sudden Ruin upon themselves and Houses.
THE same Authority tells us also, that there was an antient Religious House founded by the Kings of
Northumberland,
and that several of them were buried here; but it cannot be true that they built any Thing for the St.
Austin
Fryers, for they came not into
England
'till long after the Conquest, in the Year 1252. Then it was that
Lanfrank
of
Milan,
the first General of the
Eremites
of St.
Austin,
sent some of them into
England
to seek a Dwelling for themselves. The
Augustin
Fryers held their first House given them in
Wales,
at a Place called
Wood-house
which before had belonged to the Family of the noble Family of the
Turburvills.
Afterward
Humphry Bohun,
Earl of
Hereford
and
Essex,
in the Year of our Lord 1253, gave them a House and beautiful Church, remarkable for a Spire of wonderful Workmanship, in
London;
which is now partly a Meeting-house for the German Protestants who have settled in
London.
Anno
1377, the
Augustin
Fryers obtained Leave to eat Flesh, upon Condition that they should keep the Fast of the Fryers Minors before Christmas.
Stephen. ad. Vol.
2d. 221.
WHAT Year this House was founded in, or this Order came to this House, I have no where met with, but the
Augustines
are said to have been founded by the Lord
Ross,
De rebus Novocast'.
the Baron of
Werk,
which I am inclinable to believe very true, for in the 11th of
Edward
the Second, 1317. I find mention made of some Lands in
Cowgate,
belonging to the Brethren of St.
Austin,
which were given them by
William Ross
who was Baron of
Werk.
How much earlier than this King's Reign this Monastery was founded, I have not been able to learn. But it's probable it was sometime in the Reign of
Edward
the 1st, and this I think is out of Dispute now, for since this Conjecture of my own, I received a Letter from the Rev. Mr.
Wearing,
of
Bampton
in
Westmoreland,
with the following
Account.
King
Edward
the First, in the 19th Year of his Reign, gave Leave to one
John de Capella,
to give and assign a Messuage of his in
Penrith,
to the Prior and Fryers of the Order of St.
Augustine,
in the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
THEY surrendred on the 9th of
Jan.
30
Hen.
8.
THE inclosed Ground all round it, where is now the Pasture of
Nathaniel Clayton,
Esq
Alderman, the Surgeons-Hall, the Hospitals,
&c.
did undoubtedly belong to them, and were their Gardens.
THIS House is now turned partly into a Work-house, for the Employment of the Poor; Part of it is turned into a House of Correction, a Dunghill,
&c.
Here is the Charity-School of the Parish of
All Hallows,
which was built
Anno
1723, and an House for the Master to live in, which was built the same Year.
THE Bells of
All Hallows
were cast in this Place, which since the Decay of the
Monastery,
was called rhe
Artillery-yard,
from the Townsmens performing there the Exercise of the
Pike
and
Gun.
BEFORE I have done with this Monastery, it may not be amiss to mention a Passage in
Milbank
's Manuscript, which came to my Hands since the compiling of this Antiquity. The Author of it says, "When I was young, (which was, as I take it, about the First of King
James
I. Reign)
there were
Cloysters
in this Monastery, and a
fair Church.
A
Scot
did beg it of King
James;
after that took the
Lead
off it and sold it; but it was cast away before it came to its Market. He sold also some
Stones
to Sir
Peter Riddel,
who with them built the South-End of his fine House; but now it belongs to Captain
Dykes,
and his Posterity hath no right.
Sect. III.
Of
JESUS HOSPITAL.
HAVING thus done with what relates to the Passage above mentioned on the
left Hand,
let us enter that on the
Front.
And this is what the People call the
Town's Hospital,
but its true Name is
Jesus Hospital,
for it was dedicated to the
Holy Jesus.
You ascend to it by Stairs from the high Street, and then enter into a
pleasing Field,
on the North-side of which is the
said Hospital.
It is three Story high, and the Under-story is adorned with Piazza's, which are about 60 Yards in Length, and make a very agreeable Walk. About the Middle of the Piazza's is the Entrance into the second and third Stories; and over against this Entrance is a Fountain (very much beautified) for the Use of the
Hospital.
THIS
new Hospital,
commonly called the
Town's Hospital
in the Manours, dedicated to the
Holy Jesus,
was founded, erected, and endowed, at the Charge of this
Corporation
Anno 1681, T. Robson
Mayor.
, for a Master, and thirty nine poor Freemen, or Freemens Widows.
THE Town allows them quarterly 20
s.
and the Master 30
s.
TOWARDS the Bottom of this Field is
another Hospital,
erected for six poor Widows of
Clergymen
and
Merchants,
which was endowed by the Charity of Mrs.
Anne Davison,
Widow of Mr.
Benjamin Davison,
Merchant, and erected by the Corporation of
Newcastle, Nathaniel Clayton,
Esq
Mayor,
Thomas Wasse,
Esq
Sheriff,
Anno
1725.
THEY have to subsist on 40
s. per
Quarter each.
Sect. IV.
Of the
BARBER-SURGEONS
Hall.
ON the East of this same Field is the Hall of the
Barber-Surgeons,
which was rebuilt by them in the Year 1730.
IT is a very beautiful one, and not a little sumptuous; it stands upon tall
Piazza's,
under which is a very spacious Walk. There is before it a fine Square, divided into four Areas or Grass-Plats, surrounded with Gravel-Walks, each of which is adorned with a Statue. The First of the two next the Hall is the Figure of
Aesculapius
placed upon a tall Pedestal, upon one Side of which is the Motto
. In the Area, oppposite to this, is the Figure of
Hippocrates,
who bears an open Book, with these Words in it
, and on the one Side of the Pedestal
, These were set up in the Year 1710,
John Shaw
and
Robert Golightly
Stewards.
ON the other two Grass-Platts are the Figures of
Medicus Pergameus
or
Galen,
and
Medicus Spagyricus
or
Paracelsus,
which were erected 1712,
Robert Golightly
and
William Handby
Stewards. I am inform'd by one of this Company, that in a little Time, the Wall at the Foot of the Garden will be taken away, and instead thereof will be Iron-Rails. It will shew the Hall and Gardens to some Advantage, but be rather too great an Ornament for such a dirty Part of the Town.
THERE are besides this Square two other Gardens for Herbs, which together with the
Hall
and
Garden
we have been speaking of, are attended by a Gardner, who lives there for that Purpose.
Sect. V.
Of
WARD
's Alms-house,
ALVEY
's Island,
PANDON
Hall.
WE now turn to the right Hand, and descend the Chair towards
Pandon,
and pass by Mr.
Waters
's Garden, at the End of which was
Ward
's Alms-house, above mentioned, of which I have lately met with the following Account from the
Milbank
Manuscript.
The chief
Alms-house
in the Town is the
Ward
's, near the
Manour;
the
Mills
at
Pandon-gate
should give them, as I remember, 20
s. per annum,
to buy them
Coals;
but old Mr.
Brandling
pulled off the Lead, on purpose to expel the poor People, which he did. The
Mills
are now fallen into one
Homers
's Hand, and so is lost for ever. I have seen the Writings, and know it.
Below this is a narrow Passage which leads into the
Carliol Croft.
Below this again is a Place, which was formerly called the
Island,
as says Tradition. It was so called, because in former Times, when the Tide flow'd up to the
Stock-bridge,
there was thereabout a
Hill of Sand,
which at the Tide's leaving of it, appeared like an Island. They call it at present
Alvey
's Island, because it belong'd to one of that Name. It is the very Place, on which stands the
House, Cellars,
and
Malting
of Mr.
George Hinkster,
which are bounded on the West, North and South by the King's Street, and on the East by a waste Piece of Ground, of the Lady
Goldsburgh,
which was formerly called
the Stones.
OPPOSITE to the South Front of this House was the ancient Building,
viz. Pandon-hall,
above mentioned, but now rebuilt in some Measure. There are still remaining many ancient Walls and Parts of this Building; it was of considerable Bigness, having been according to Tradition, on its North-front in Length from the
Stockbridge
to
Cowgate;
and on its West-front in Length from its
North-west Corner,
beyond that Lane that leads into
Blyth's Nook.
IT is of great Antiquity, being built in the Times of the
Heptarchy;
for it was the House of the Kings of
Northumberland,
who liv'd in it, for which Reason it was call'd
Pandon-hall.
Sect. VI.
Of
FISHERGATE
and
WALL-KNOWL.
FROM hence we go Eastward unto
Pandon-Bridge,
which is called the
Stock-Bridge.
It was undoubtedly of Wood in ancient Times, tho' we meet with an Account of its being Stone, when
Thomas de Carliol
was Mayor, which was in
Edward
I. Time at latest. To this Place it was that the
Fishermen
brought up their Fish, and sold them here, as
Grey
observes from Tradition. But to confirm this beyond the Force of Tradition; it must certainly have been true, that the
Fish-market
was here, because the Street you go into when you have past
Pandon-Bridge,
was formerly called
Fisher-gate.
Now this is plain from an ancient Writing, which was drawn when
Henry le Scot
was Mayor of this Town, about the Year 1287. I shall give my Authority at large, because there depends upon it some other Things besides this.
THE Writing is a Conveyance of some Land which is thus described.
QUAE extendit in longitudine à communi via super le Wall-Knoll, in australem. Partem domûs Fratrum de monte Carmel, usque ad communem viam quae solebat ducere versus
Fishergate,
i. e.
WHICH Land extends itself from the Street of the
Wall-Knoll,
to the South-side of the Monastery of the
Carmelites,
even to the High-way, which formerly led to
Fishergate.
NOW it is certain, this Monastery was at the Top of the
Wall-Knoll;
the Remains of it are still in Being, and shall be by and by further consider'd. It is also certain from this ancient Writing, that a Way led from the
South-side
of the said
Monastery
to
Fishergate;
therefore this Street must be
Fishergate,
because the common Way here spoken of could lead to no other Place. I take this common Way to have been those
Stairs
beside Mr.
Green
's House at the
Stockbridge,
which lead up to the
Gardens
there, and which, were it not a
Wall,
would lead directly from this Street to the Remains of this
Monastery.
AS we go along from the
Stockbridge,
we meet two Streets, one on the left Hand, and the other on the right. That on the left Hand is called the
Wall-Knoll,
which, as it is a very great Ascent and high Hill from
Fishergate,
so it seems to me to have this Name from the
Roman Wall
going along it; for the Word
Knoll
signifies an
Hill
or
Eminence,
as I gather from the Lord Bishop of
London
's Note in
Cambden
upon
Sevenoke
in
Kent,
who says, On the East-side of it standeth
Knowll,
so called, because it is seated upon a
Hill.
And
Grey
says also positively, that it was Part of the
Picts
Wall.
AT the upper End of the Street above mentioned, towards the
Carpenters
The following Play coming too late to my Hands to be inserted in its proper Place, I am obliged to mention it here. It is intituled,
NOAH
's ARK; or, The SHIPWRIGHTS ancient PLAY, or DIRGE.
ERE was this World that I have wrought.
No Marvel it is if I do show;
Their Folk in Earth I made of Nought,
Now are they fully my Foe.
Vengeance now will I do
Of them that have grieved me ill,
Great Floods shall over them go,
And run over Hoope and Hill.
All Mankind dead shall be,
With Storms both stiff and steer;
All but
Noah
my Darling free,
His Children and their Wives,
Ever more yet they trow'd in me,
Save therefore I will their Lives.
Henceforth my Angel free,
Into Earth look what thou would,
Greet well
Noah
in this Degree,
Sleeping thou shalt him find:
Bid him go make a Ship
Of stiff Board and great,
Although he be not a Wright.
Therefore bid him not lett,
He shall have Wit at Will,
Be that he come thereto;
All Things I him fulfill,
Pitch, Tar, Scam and Rowe.
Bid him in any Manner of Thing,
To Ship when he shall walk,
Of all kine Kind of Beast and Fowl,
The Male and Female with him he take.
Bid him go provey, say so,
In Ship that they not die,
Take with him Hay, Corn and Straw,
For his Fowl and his Fee.
Henceforth my Angel free
Tell him this for certain;
My Blessing with thee be,
While that thou come again.
Waken
Noah,
to me take tent.
Noah
bid, if thou hear this Thing,
Ever whilst thou live thou shall repent.
What art thou for Heaven's King,
That wakens
Noah
off his Sleeping,
Away I would thou went.
It is an Angel to thee sent,
Noah,
to tell thee hard Tiding;
For every Ilk a Wight for Warks wild,
And many fowled in Sins fair,
And in Felony fowly filled;
Therefore a Ship thou dight to steer,
Of true Timber highly railed,
With thirty Cubits in Defence.
Look that she draw when she is drest,
And in her Side a Door thou shear,
With Fenesters full fitly fest,
And make Chambers both more and less,
For a Flood that up shall burst;
Such a Flood in Earth shall be,
That every like Life that hath Life-ward,
Beast and Body with Bone and Blood,
They shall be stormed through Stress of Storm;
Albeit thou
Noah
and thy Brood,
And their three Wives in your Hand,
For you are full righteous and good,
You shall be saved by Sea and Land,
In the Ship ere you enter out,
You take with you both Ox and Cow;
Of ilk a Thing that Life has lent,
The Male and Female you take with you.
You fetch in Fother for your Freight,
And make good Purveiance for you prove,
That they perish not in your Sight;
Do
Noah
as I have bidden thee now.
Lord be then in this Stead,
That me and mine will save and shield;
I am a Man no worth at Need,
For I am six hundred Winters old,
Unlusty I am to do such a Deed,
Worklooms for to work and weeld
For I was never since I was born,
Of Kind of Craft to burthen a Boat;
For I have neither Ryff nor Ruff,
Spyer, Sprund, Spront, no Sprot.
Christ be the Shaper of this Ship,
For a Ship need make I must.
Even wo worth thou fouled Sin,
For all too dear thou must be bought,
God for Thanks he made Mankind,
Or with his Hands that he them wrought;
Therefore or ever you blind,
You mind your Wife, and turn your Thought,
For of my Work I will begin,
So well were me were all forth brought.
Put off Harro, and wele away,
That ever I uprose this Day;
So may I smile and say,
I went, there has been none alive,
Man, Beast, Child nor Wife,
But my Servants were they;
All this I have heard say,
A Ship that made should be,
For to save with owten Nay,
Noah
and his Meenye;
Yet trow I they shall be,
Thereto I make a Vow,
If they be never so slee,
To taynt them yet I trow.
To
Noah
's Wife will I wynd,
Gare her believe in me;
In Faith she is my Friend,
She is both whunt and slee,
Rest well, rest well, my own Dereday.
Welcome, fewsthere, what is thy Name,
Tyte that thou tell me.
To tell my Name I were full loath,
I come to warn thee of thy Skaith,
I tell thee secretly,
And thou do after thy Husband read,
Thou and thy Children will all be dead,
And that right hastily.
Go Devil, how say, for Shame.
Yes, hold thee still le Dame,
And I shall tell how;
I swear thee by my crooked Snout,
All that thy Husband goes about
Is little for thy Profit;
Yet shall I tell thee how,
Thou shall weet all his Will;
Do as I shall bid thee now,
Thou shalt weet every Deal.
Have here a Drink full good,
That is made of a mightful Main,
Be he hath drunken a Drink of this,
No longer shall he learn.
Believe, believe, my own dear Dame,
I may no longer bide,
To Ship when thou shall sayre,
I shall be thy Side.
This Labour is full great
For like an old Man as me,
Lo, lo, fast I sweat,
It trickles at our myn ee;
Now Home will I wende,
My weary Bones for to rest,
For such Good as God hath sent,
There I get of the best.
Rest well Day, what Chear with thee.
Welcome,
Noah,
as might I thee
Welcome to thine own Wayns.
Sit down here beside me,
Thou hast full weary Baynes:
Have eaten,
Noah,
as might I thee,
And soon a Drink I shall give thee,
Such Drink thou never none afore.
What the Devil what Drink is it,
By my Father's Soul I have nere lost my Wit.
Noah,
bode you tell me whereabout you wends,
I give God a Vow, we two shall nere be Friends.
O Yes Dame could thou layne
I would thee tell my Wit.
How Good of Heaven an Angel sent,
And bad me make a Ship,
This World he will fore doe
With Storms both stiff and steer sell,
All but thee and me, our Children and Wifes.
Who Devil made thee a Wright,
God give him Evil to fayre
Of Hand to have such slight,
To make Ship less or more perfect,
Men should have heard wide where
When you began to smite.
Yes Dame it is God's will,
Let be so thou not say,
Go make an End I will,
And come again full throng.
By my Faith I no rake
Whether thou be Friend or Foe,
The Devil of Hell thee speed,
To ship when thou shalt go.
God send me Help in high,
To clink you Nail too
God send me help in high,
Your Hand to hold again,
That all may well be done,
My Strokes be not in Vain.
God hath thee Help hither send,
Thereof be thou right bold,
Thy Strokes shall fair be kend,
For thou thy Wife has cowld.
Now is this Ship well made
within and without thinks me,
Now home then will I wend
To fetch in my Money,
Have good day both old and young,
My Blessing with you be.
All that is gathered in this Stead,
That will not believe in me,
I pray to
Dolphin
Prince of dead,
Scald you all in his Lead
That never a one of you thrive, nor thee.
FINIS. Amen.
Tower,
are still to be seen the Remains of the Hospital of the
Carmelites
or
White Fryers.
The East of their Church is still standing, to the repairing of which
Roger Thornton
left in his Will two fother of Lead; this Hospital being dedicated to St.
Michael,
gave the Name to it of St.
Michael
's on the Mount.
IT is said by
Dugdale
in his Baron.
Lumley,
that the
Roger Thornton
he is there speaking of, was the Founder of the House of the
White Fryars
in
Newcastle.
But this
Roger
can scarce be the Founder of it, for I have proved him to be the younger
Roger;
and it was taken Notice of above, that
Roger
the Elder left Two Fother of Lead to it when he died, so that if either of them be the Founder, it must be the Elder, rather than the Younger that
Dugdale
speaks of.
BUT I believe it will be a difficult Matter, upon Examination, to prove either the Father or the Son the Founder of it, for it boasts a greater Antiquity: For this
Domus Fratrum de Monte Carmel,
is mentioned in an ancient Writing which was drawn when
Henry le Scot
was Mayor, about the Year 1287, in the Reign of
Edward
the 1st, as is said above, and therefore it must at that Time have been in being; but the Elder of them was not Mayor of
Newcastle,
'till 114 Years after this; so that it is impossible he should be the Founder, and therefore much less his Son. They might, and probably they both of them were
great Benefactors,
or
second Founders
to it, and so have been esteemed each of them
Founders
themselves.
THEY surrender'd at the same Time with the Rest: Sometime after they surrender'd, King
Henry
the 8th made a present of this
Priory
and its Revenues, together with some other Lands belonging to other religious Houses, lying in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
to Sir
John Gresham,
Alderman of the City of
London,
and
Richard Billing ford,
Gent. who 21st of
February,
2d
Edward
the 6th, conveyed them to
William Dent,
of this Town, Gentleman. What they conveyed was as follows.
THE House or Priory of St.
Michael de Wall Knoll,
with the Things following belonging to it,
This Orchard and Garden were undoubtedly the Gardens of
Swaddle, Green, Grey, &c.
all that Ground which descends into
Fisher-gate.
a
Garden
and Orchard, about an Acre of Ground; a
Close,
about 4 Acres, near the
Walls
of the Town, 34
Messuages,
three
Gardens,
and one
Close;
also a
Close
called
Colerigges,
and four
Les Rigges
in the
Sheild Field;
also 17 more
Messuages
in the
Town
and
Suburbs,
belonging to the Monastry of
Tinmouth;
also four
Tenements
and a
Garden,
in this Town, belonging to the Monastry of
Alnwick;
also three Houses belonging to the
Nuns
of
Halystone
or
Holystone,
a Village in
Northumberland
where in the Infancy of the English Church,
Paulinus
is said to have baptized many thousands
Halystone;
also six Houses, in this Town, belonging to
Newminster;
also a House, in this Town, belonging to the Monastry of
Blanchland;
together with every Thing belonging to the said Monastries in this Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
IN the 24th of Queen
Elizabeth,
this
William Dent,
Alderman, and
William
his Son, conveyed this
Priory,
together with an
House
and
Orchard,
and a
Garden,
containing an Acre of Ground, to
William Jenison,
then Mayor of
Newcastle,
and
Richard Hodgshon,
Alderman.
Sect. VIII.
Of
CROSSWELL-GATE, BYKER-CHARE.
ABOVE when we went from
Fishergate-street,
we met two Streets, that on the Left Hand we have already treated of: The other, I imagine, is that which formerly went by the Name of
Crosswell-gate,
which is often mentioned in ancient Writings. It is reported that the Dwelling-house of
Roger Thornton
was in this Street. Whatever Truth is in this, it is certain, that many Houses in this Street pay an Annual Rent to the Lord
Scarborough
to this Day, into whose Family the Grand-daughter of
Roger Thornton
was marryed. There are in this Street several
Lanes
or
Allies,
the first we meet with in going along from
Fishergate,
is a Place called, at present,
Blyth
's
Nook:
It is built over
Pandon Burne.
The next is a narrow Lane leading to the
Burne Bank,
a Place by which
Pandon Burne
runs into the
Tyne.
It lies very low, and before the Heightning of the Ground with Ballast, and the Building of the
Wall
and
Key,
was often of great Hazard to the Inhabitants; once in particular a most melancholy accident happen'd in this Place, in the Year 1320, the 13th of
Edward
the 3d, the
River
of
Tyne
over-flowed so much, that 120
Laymen,
and several
Priests,
besides Women, were drowned; and as
Grey
says, 140 Houses were destroyed.
Compleat Hist. Eng. Vol. 1st. P. 235.
BEYOND this again is a Chare called
Byker Chare,
which seems by the aged Look of several of the Buildings, those especially at the
North-end
of the Chare, where is the House of Mr.
Henry Atkinson,
Hoastman, to be of great Antiquity: Perhaps it got the Name of
Byker-Chare,
from one
Robert de Byker
and
Laderine,
his Wife, who had Lands in
Pandon, &c.
See
Anno
1299.
BEYOND this again is
Cocks Chare, Love-lane,
&c. where are some Houses which deserve a better Situation.
Sect. IX. COWGATE, TRINITY-HOUSE, BROAD-CHARE.
WHEN we came to
Pandon-Hall,
we went Eastward into
Pandon;
it remains now, that we go Southward from the same Place. Leaving then
Silver-street
on the Right Hand, we come into
Cowgate,
which has been a Part of the Town where some eminent Men have lived in; such as
Gilbert de Cowgate, Walter de Cowgate,
&c. who were Men of Fortune and Estate. Going forward, we pass by
Blythe Nook
on the Left Hand, and the
Dog-Bank
on the Right, and then we come to the
Broad Chare;
a little below the Entrance of which, is the
Trinity House;
which according to some was a
Monastry,
dedicated to the
Holy Trinity.
This Order of the
Trinity House
was founded by St.
John de Matha
and St.
John de Valois,
in the Year 1198, in the Popedom of
Innocent
III. The End of its Institution was the Redemption of Captives. In the Year 1224, a Monastry was founded for this Order in
Kent.
What Time this Monastry of the
Trinity
(if there was such a one) was founded in this Town, we are intirely in the Dark: Only it was said by some, that
Laurentius
of
Newcastle,
was its Founder. If this be true, it is not improbable but it was
Laurentius Acton,
who was Mayor of this Town in 1435 and 1436,
&c.
WE are also equally at a loss as to its Situation: For Bishop
Burnet,
in his Collection of Records,
P.
146, says, It was on the
Wall-knoll,
in
Newcastle;
and that they surrender'd
January
10th, 30th of
Henry
the 8th. If it was here, I know of no Place to fix it in, but where the
Carmelites
were, and this could never be. I am therefore inclinable to believe, that this Monastry means that of the
Carmelites,
and through a Mistake is called that of the
Trinity.
BUT be that as it will, it is certain that this Place called the
Trinity House,
was no
Religious House:
For it is said in our Account below, to have been called of old Time
Dalton
's
Place.
And besides, had it been this
Religious House,
the Mariners could not have got Possession of it 'till its Suppression, which was on the 10th of
January,
30th of
Henry
the 8th; whereas it was conveyed to them the 20th of
Henry
the 7th, as the following Account testifies.
A Writing in the Custody of the Brethren of the
Trinity-House,
dated the 4th Day of
January,
the 20th of the Reign of
Henry
the 7th, which gives an Account of a Messuage and Garden, which was convey'd by one
Ralph Hebborne,
of
Hebborne,
of
Northumberland,
Esq
to the Fraternity of the Mariners. It is the Place where is now the
Trinity House,
which was in old Time called
Dalton
's
Place.
IN the same Writing it is order'd, that the aforesaid Messuage,
&c.
shall be repair'd for Ever by the common Purse of the Brotherhood; that in some convenient Part of it should be an
Hall
for the
Fellowship
to meet in, at all Times convenient, for the observing of their Rules,
&c.
and that in the Residue of the same, there should be certain Lodgings order'd for such of the said
Fellowship,
as afterwards should fall into Poverty, or be not able to sustain themselves: Those they held during the Term of their Lives, and then were succeeded by others in the like necessitous Circumstances. It was also ordered in this Writing, that within the said Messuage, there should be a Chappel and a Priest, to sing and say Mass, and other Divine Service therein, as should be appointed by the Aldermen, and Wardens of the said
Fraternity,
for the Time being. That the Priest and the said poor Persons so admitted, should pray for the good Estate of the said
Ralph Hebborne,
Master
John Hebborne, George Hebborne,
and for the Masters Souls, and for the good Estate of the said
Fellowship,
and for the Souls of such of the same
Fellowship
as be departed, or hereafter should depart to the Mercy of God; and also for the Souls of
John Dalton,
sometime Owner of the said Messuage, his Ancestors Souls, and all Christian Souls.
ONE Part of this Writing was to be put in a Chest, belonging to the
Fellowship,
and kept by them; the other was to be kept in a Chest for that purpose, in the Vestry of
All-Hallows
in this Town, in the Custody of the Church-Wardens, for the Time being, for Ever.
THIS was further confirm'd to the
Fraternity
of the
Trinity House,
by
Thomas Hebborne,
Son of the said
Ralph Hebborne,
on the 9th of
September,
in the 16th of the Reign of King
Henry
the 8th, upon the Conditions following,
viz.
That the
Fellowship
should pay to the said
Thomas Hebborne,
his Heirs or Assigns, within the Town of
Newcastle,
on the Vigil of the Apostles,
Peter
and
Paul,
in the Month of
June, a Pottle of Wine,
if it be demanded yearly, for Evermore. That the said
Thomas Hebborne
should be made a Brother of the
Fraternity,
and Partaker of all Masses, good Prayers and Suffrage, which should afterwards be celebrated, said and done by the Chaplain and Priest of the
Fraternity,
within the
Trinity House,
and at the
Trinity
Altar within the Church of
All-Hallows,
for Evermore; with such Obsequies and Funeral Ceremonies, as usually were done at the Burial of any Brother of the same
Fraternity,
if the said
Thomas
departs within this Town of
Newcastle.
The Priest of the
Trinity House
at this Time, was one Sir
Robert Ellison.
TO this Writing was annex'd the Seal of the Town of
Newcastle,
and the Names of the Mayor, Sheriff, and Aldermen.
On
Oct.
the 5th,
28 Hen. 8.
Light-houses were permitted to be built by the
Trinity-house,
to found, edify, make and build
two Towers;
that is to say, one on the North Part of
Shields,
in the Entrance of the Harbour, and another upon the Hill.
KING
James
the 1st, in the third Year of his Reign, granted to the
Master, Pylots,
and
Seamen
of
Newcastle,
a Charter.
SEVENTEENTH of
October
1664, King
Charles
the 2d, granted them another Charter.
AND a Third was granted them 26th of
July
1687, by King
James
the 2d.
IN a Manuscript I have frequently mentioned, it is said that the
Trinity House
in the
Broad Chare,
was held by the
Masters
and
Mariners
of this Town of the
Andersons,
by giving them a red Rose at
Christmas,
which
Bartram Anderson
turned to Wine, and then sold it to Sir
Ralph Jenison,
and it adds, how they agree I know not. It is at present a very pretty Building, consisting of a handsome Square, very Monastick in it's Aspect, having it's Appartments or Lodgings for the Inhabitants, a very neat
Chappel,
and a magnificent
Hall.
It maintains 14 Persons, allowing every one a
Chamber,
eight Shillings
per
Month,
Coals
and
Cloathing.
There are also 15
extra
Persons, which have allowed them, some more, some less.
LEAVING this House of the
Marriners,
we go down the
Broad Chare,
without any Thing remarkable, 'till you come to the
Key-side;
about the Middle of it is a
Square,
which goes by the Name of
Stony-hill,
nigh it a Lane, called
Spicer-lane,
which also leads on to the
Key.
CHAP. XII.
Of the Suburbs, and other out Places.
Sect. I.
Of the
FORTH.
W ITHOUT the
Close-Gate
is a pretty long Street, with Houses on each Side; which goes as far as a
Dike
called
Skinner-Bourne,
where are of late Years a Factory belonging to Mr.
Thomlinson,
a Pot-House to Mr.
Joseph Blenkinsop
and
Ralph Harl,
and a Glass-House to Mr.
Dagney,
and Company; from thence Northward at the Top of the Hill is the Place called the
Forth,
anciently called the
Frith,
which lies without the Walls of the Town, and abutts on the South on a certain little Close called
Goose-green-Close,
then it extends itself to a Close called
Dove-cote-Close,
and from thence Westward by the furthest Ditch of the
Close,
which lies contiguous to the Corner of the Hedge, which is next to the Common Way which leads into the
Forth.
Then by and over the Common Way to the little Rivulet or Syke of Water in the Bottom of the Valley, and so passing the Syke, you go upwards to the Close called
Goose-green-Close.
The Forth contains 11 Acres of Ground. It was surveyed by Order of the Parliament, in the Year 1649, and valued at 12 l. per Annum.
IT was valued Tythe-free. The Town pay'd 4 l. per Annum to the King for it.
HOW it comes to be called
Forth
or
Frith,
I can only conjecture. The Word
Blount Law Dictionary in verb.
Frith.
Forth
or
Frith,
as it is anciently called, comes from the
Saxon
Word
Frith,
which signifies
Peace.
For the English
Saxons
held several Woods to be sacred, and made them
Sanctuaries.
From this Definition of the Word, it may be no improbable Conjecture that the ancient
Saxons
inhabiting about the Parts of the Wall where the Town now is, gave the Name of
Frith
to this Place, as it was perhaps endowed with gloomier Shades and darker Recesses, the awful Excitors of Heathen Superstition, than other Places about the Town were.
IN the Reign of King
Henry
III. a Licence was granted to the Townsmen of
Newcastle,
bearing Date
Dec.
23d of his Reign to dig Coals and Stones,
&c.
in this Place called the
Forth.
And here it was as some think, or rather as others, in the
Castle Leases
that the first
Newcastle
Coals were wrought.
IT seems to have been all along a Place of Pleasure and Recreation. For it was an ancient Custom for the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriff of this Town, accompanied with great Numbers of the Burgesses, to go every Year at the Feasts of
Easter
and
Whitsuntide
to the
Forth,
with the Maces, Sword and Cap of Maintenance carried before them. Undoubtedly the vast Concourse of both young and old at this Place at these Seasons of the Year, rather than at any other about this Town, is the remains of this ancient Custom.
AFTER the building of the
Castle
it is said (but without any just Authority) that the
Forth
was anciently a
Fort
belonging to the
Castle.
IN the Year
, Part of it was turned into a pretty large Bowling-Green; which was adorn'd with a broad Gravel Walk and a double Row of Trees around it. It is at present a mighty pretty Place, exceeding by much any Common Place of Pleasure about the Town. On the East-side of it, you have a Prospect of Part of the Town's Wall, through which is the Common Passage to and from this Place under a shady Walk of Trees; on the West you View the Grounds of the Village of
Elswick,
which have a gentle ascent to the Village itself; a Place at the proper Season of the Year much frequented by the Town's People, for its pleasing Walk and rural Entertainment.
FROM this Quarter we view also as we do from the South, the Banks of the River
Tyne,
together with their Villages. On the North is an House of Accommodation.
GREY
says that it was given to the Townsmen for their Services, by
Edward
III. Whereas it seems to have been theirs in the Reign of
Hen.
III. However if the other Conjecture be true, I verily believe it was given to the Town for that memorable Victory obtain'd by the Townsmen, when the Earl of
Murray
was taken Prisoner, which is commemorated in
Anno Christi,
1342.
Sect. II.
Of
WARDEN-CLOSE.
FROM hence we proceed to the West-gate, which gives Name to a little Village within the Bounds of the County of
Northumberland,
from whence still going on by the Out-side of the Town's Wall, we come to the
Warden's-close.
It seems to be called the
Warden's-close,
because it belong'd to the Wardens of the Priory of
Tinmouth.
For
Grey
tells us he had his House, Garden, and Fish-Pond, &c. here. This indeed is not improbable, for the Monastery of the
Black-Fryers
was dependant upon the Priory of
Tinmouth:
And we are sure that this
Close
was Part of the Garden belonging to the
Black-Fryers
in former Times. And there are still the seeming Remains of Fish-Ponds, Gardens,
&c.
AT the Top of this Field towards the North, is a Field call'd the
Shoulder of Mutton Close,
because it is in the Shape of a
Shoulder of Mutton,
which must formerly have been Part of the
Warden's-close.
In this is a Cistern of Water, which a curious Friend of mine imagines, supplyed the
Black-Fryers.
This perhaps may be true enough. The Well belonging to this Monastry may proceed from it. But I take its grand Use to have been to supply with Water the Fish-Ponds and Gardens just now mentioned.
Sect. III.
Of
NEWGATE Suburbs.
THE Suburbs out of Newgate
Grey
informs us, were ruined in the late Civil Wars. However the Street
Gallowgate,
(so called because of the Way that the Malefactors of the Town of
Newcastle
go to the Gallows, which is situated in a very low Place called the
Gallows-hole
) Is become again a very tollerable Street, and a very pleasant Place, having in it some good Houses, which are situated in Gardens and Fields. At the Top of this Street is a Lane which leads to the West-gate, Quarry-house,
&c.
it borders upon a Field called the
Shoulder of Mutton Close.
Sect. IV.
Of the
CASTLE LEASES, TOWN MOOR,
&c.
OPPOSITE to this Lane is the
Castle Leases,
called anciently the
Castle Field,
a large Piece of Ground belonging to the Town, containing 141 Acres 12 Perches:
Grey
informs us, that Tradition said it was the Gift of King
John
to the good Men of
Newcastle.
However this be, it is certain that it had been the Town's immemorially or Time out of Mind, in the Reign of King
Edward
III. For in the 31st of that Reign the Town of
Newcastle
took an Inquisition in the
Castle Field
on a
Palm
Sunday Eve, the 31st Year of King
Edward
III. desiring the Confirmation of the Castle Moor and Field, and the Privileges belonging to them: And the King by his Letters Patents dated at
Westminster,
confirmed to the Burgesses of
Newcastle
the other Charters they had obtain'd, and also confirmed to them the Possession of the Castle Moor,
Concessimus pro nobis & heredibus nostris quod predicti Burgenses & eorum heredes habeant & teneant moram & terras predictas
Lib. Cart. p. 11.
and Castle Field; they having belong'd to this Town immemorially at this Time: He also, as appears by the said Charters, confirmed to the Burgesses of this Town, and their Heirs, the Liberty of digging Coals, Stone, and all other Advantages arising from the said Castle Moor.
THIS Place was formerly the Inheritance of divers Persons, Owners thereof, who were accustomed from ancient Time, to take the fore Crop thereof yearly, at or before
Lammas-Day,
and after that, by an ancient Custom, all the Burgesses of this Town used to put in their Kine, and used the same in pasturing of them 'till
Lady-day
in
Lent
yearly, and then to lay the same for Meadow again 'till
Lammas.
IN the Year 1679, when
George Morton
was Mayor, the Town purchased the Sweepage of the Castle Leases for the Benefit of the Burgesses.
IN the 33d of
Charles
II. a Licence was granted the Mayor and Burgesses to purchase the Sweepage of the
Castle Leases.
THE Grounds of it abut on the said Castle Moor on the East and North Parts, upon the Highway leading to
Kenton
on the West, and on the other Way leading to the said Castle Moor on the South.
WHEN the Parliament took an Inquisition of it, the Forth and Town Moor in the Year 49, were valued at 27 l. per Annum.
THE Mill in the
Castle Leases,
commonly called
Chimley Mill,
upon the Syke or Rivulet called
Bailiff-Burn,
and the other Mill called
Little Mill,
were at the same Time valued at 10 l. per Annum each.
THIS Ground was always valued Tythe-free.
ON the West and North of the
Castle Leases
lies the
Town-Moor.
It is a very spacious Piece of Ground, containing 1037 Acres, one Rood, two Perches. It was originally a Wood, very famous for Oak Trees, out of which have been built many hundred of Ships, and all the Houses of the old Town of
Newcastle.
THIS
Moor,
together with the
Castle Leases,
or
Castle Lizards,
called anciently the
Castle Moor,
and
Castle Field,
were the Right of the Town of
Newcastle,
and had been so Time out of Mind, as has been just now observed in the Reign of King
Edward
III. who in his Charter of the Town, dated the Tenth of
May,
in the 31st Year of his Reign, confirmed the Holding and Possessing of it, and the Working of Coals, Stones,
&c.
in it; together with all the Profits arising from it (in the same Manner he had confirmed all the Immunities and Privileges, which had been granted by the Kings, his Predecessors.) to the Burgesses of
Newcastle.
THE ancient Bounds of the
Town-Moor,
which are the same to this Day, and answer still in every Particular, are thus described in the Charter above-mentioned.
ET quia ex parte Dilectorum Nobis Burgensium ejusdem Villae Nobis est Supplicatum, ut cum Mora & Terra Vocatae Castle-Field & Castle-Moor, ex parte Boreali Dictae Villae Novicastri de quadam Placea Vocata Inglesdick Versus Orientem Per Metas Positas Usque ad Quandam Placeam Vocatam Le
Thornbusk
Juxta Crucem [& Deinde per Certas [Divisas & Metas Positas Versus Dictam Villam Novicastri Usque] Furcas] & sit inter Postos Furcarum; Ita quod Una Postis Fiat in Marchia Inter Terram Prioris de Tynemouth & Terram Dictae Villae Novicastri & sit Usque Le Quarldike & Deinde per Viam Usque ad candem Villam Novicastri, sunt terra & solum Dictae Villae Novicastri Pertinentia ad eandem Villam a tempore quo non extat Memoria.
THE Substance of which is, it Bounders on a certain Street or Causeway, called
Gingler-Dyke,
and Bounders to a Street or Cause-way called
Thornbusk,
besides the Cross; and from thence to the Bounders set towards the Town of
Newcastle,
unto a Gallows set between the Trees or Posts of the
Gall-house;
so that one Post is placed and set in the Marches, between the Fields and Lands of the Prior of
Tinmouth,
and the Fields and Grounds of
Newcastle;
and so extendeth unto the
Quarrel-Dyke,
and from thence unto the
King's-Street,
and so on unto the said Village.
IT is the Opinion of
Grey
some, that this large Piece of Ground was the Gift of
Adam de Athol,
of
Gesmond,
to the Town: But if the Town of
Newcastle
had an Immemorial Right to the Town-Moor, in the Days of
Edward
III. and this is proved from his Charter above-mentioned; then it is very improbable that
Adamarus de Athol,
of
Gesmunde,
should be the Donor of it. For this
De reb. Novicast. p. 9.
Adam
was High Sheriff of the County of
Northumberland,
in the Fifth of
Richard
II. and was living in the Year of our Lord 1392, as appears by an Indulgence of 40 Days granted to the Church of St.
Andrew
's, which was in the Proceedings upon a Dispute, about 30 Years after, relating to the
Town-Moor.
It is declared, that the
Town-Moor
had belonged to the Town of
Newcastle
immemorially, or Time out of Mind: But how can it be said to be in the Possession of the Town for so long a Time, when he himself, who gave it, lived thirty Years after this Declaration? And if he did so; no doubt but several others liv'd so long too. Either then the Town was not at the Time of this Dispute immemorially in the Possession of this Ground, or this
Adamarus de Athol,
was not the Donor of it. Again, had he been the Donor of it, he must have been 120 Years old at his Death; that is to say, he liv'd thirty Years after this Dispute, and Ninety before to make it immemorial; (which is the least Time that can be allow'd to make any Thing so) so that these two put together will make that Number of Years at his Death. It is not indeed in this Age of the World impossible for a Man to live so long, but yet it is highly improbable. There are few come to this Age, and when they do, they are look'd upon as so many great Exceptions to the general Rule of the Ages of Men; and then their Ages stand upon Record to succceeding Generations; and no doubt, had this been true of
Adam de Athol,
it wou'd at least have been mention'd upon his
Tomb-Stone,
but we find no such Thing. Nay, should we allow, for the Sake of making him the Donor, that he really lived 120 Years; yet after all, this grand Absurdity would follow, that if the
Town,
when this Dispute happen'd, had had it immemorially; he must have made a Present of it on the very Day he was born.
FOR these Reasons therefore it's impossible he should be the Donor of it, but some of his
Ancestors
of the same Name might: And this is the rather to be imagin'd, because Tradition says, it was
Adam de Athol,
of
Jesumund,
handing down the Name to this Day. As then he was of the same Name, and undoubtedly a great Benefactor to this Town, so the good Deeds of some of his Ancestors might have been ascribed to him through Mistake, and so be handed down to this present Day. There was one
Adam de Jesumuthia,
or
Gesmund,
who order'd that one
Good-Plank,
or
Six-Shillings,
should be given annually (as may be seen in the Account of the
Tyne-Bridge
) for the Reparation of the
Bridge.
Perhaps it was him, for the Bridge was burnt in the Reign of
Henry
III. in the Year 1248, and immediately they set about the Repair of it, and this
Adam
was one of the Benefactors to it. If then Tradition says true, that
Adam de Jesmund
was the Donor of the
Town-Moor
to the Town, this is probably the very Man, and whether he gave it before the Burning of the
Bridge,
or at the Time of his Benefaction to the
Bridge;
yet in the Thirty first of
Edward
III. it would undoubtedly have been the Town's immemorially, which is a good presumptive Proof of this Conjuncture, that this was the very Man. Be this as it will, it is certain that it had been the Town of
Newcastle
's Time out of Mind in the Thirty first Year of
Edward
III. and was then confirm'd to them, as has been observed above; in our Account of the
Castle Leases.
TWO Fairs are kept upon this Moor, on the First of
August,
and Eighteenth of
October,
of which the
Tolls, Booths, Stallage, Pickage,
and Courts of
Pic-powder,
to each of the Fairs, were reckoned worth
communibus Annis
12 l. in
Oliver
's Time.
IN the Survey made of the
Town-Moor,
in the troublesome Times, it was reported that the
Coal Mine,
or
Colliery,
in the
Town-Moor,
extended it self under the Superficies of the
Town-Moor one hundred Acres,
and that the Value of it was to the Town 35
l. per Annum.
IT is the
Pasture
for the Cows belonging to the Freemen of
Newcastle.
IT is much frequented by the Gentry of this Town, and others for Exercise and Health; it being (that Part of it especially call'd the
Cow-hill,
) a Place of the most wholesome Air about the Town.
Of the
NUN-MOOR.
THE
Nun-Moor
is that large Piece of Ground that lies on the West of the
Town-Moor,
between the
Thorn-Bush
and the
Hedge
that separates from it the Grounds of
Kenton.
RICHARD
I. confirm'd to St.
Mary
's and the
Nuns
of
Newcastle,
whatsoever had been given them by
Asalack,
the Founder of that
Hospital;
(as is observable in his Charter of the Founding of St.
Mary
's) whatever belonged to him, as well in Land as in Money, or Houses; whatever he had acquired and obtained, both within and without the Town of
Newcastle,
all these he confirmed; and he himself also gave them two
Carucates
of Land of his own, that they might pray for his Soul. This is supposed to be the Charter for the Confirmation of
Nun-field,
or as it seems to have been otherwise called
Nun-house,
in the
Town-Moor.
And if this Conjecture be true, it is clear that this
Asalack
gave the
Nun-Moor
to the
Nuns
of St.
Bartholomew,
and not as is commonly reported
Adam de Athol.
These
Nuns
were the
Occasion
of it's being intituled
Nun-field,
or
Nun-house,
or the
Nun-Moor,
as it is called at this Day.
IN the Fourth of the Reign of
Henry
VII. Dame
Joan,
Prioress of the Monastry of St.
Bartholomew
the Apostle, in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and Convent of the same, granted a Lease of the
Nun-Moor
for an hundred Years to the
Mayor, Sheriff, Aldermen,
and
Commonality
of this Town, under the yearly Rent of one Pound three Shillings and four Pence. Hence it is plain that this Moor belonged to those
Nuns,
and took it's Name from them.
IN the Eleventh of
Henry
VIII. there was an award between the said
Priory
and
Convent,
and
William Bennet,
Esq
Owner of
Kenton,
about the Bounders of it.
IN the Thirty sixth of the same Reign, it was granted to
John Broxholm,
in Consideration of 1122
l.
15
s.
6
d.
and was conveyed by those claiming under him to the
Mayor
and
Burgesses
of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
THIRTY Seventh
Hen.
VIII. upon an Inquisition then taken and returned into the
Exchequer
of Lands, belonging to Religious Houses,
Nun-moor
is certified to be within the County of
Northumberland.
THE other Parts of the Suburbs out of
Newgate
is a Street that reaches as far as the
Barras-bridge,
called
Sidgate,
which consists of Houses very indifferent, most of which are inhabited by poor People; but very sweetly situated, having the
Leases
or Gardens behind them.
Sect. V.
Of the Suburbs of
PILGRIM-STREET.
WE come now to the Suburbs of
Pilgrim-street
gate; which were also ruinated in the late Civil Wars. But at present it is a very well built Street, having in it some very pretty Houses, such as are the Houses of Mr.
John Stephenson,
Merchant, Mr.
John Morris,
Hoastman, and several belonging to Mr.
William Graham,
&c.
THIS Street is the most Pleasant Situation of any within or without the Town.
IT stands as it were in the middle of Gardens and Shady Fields, which make it a delicious Place in the Summer Season.
IN the upper Part of it, nigh the
Barras-bridge,
are to be seen the Remains of the Hospital dedicated to St.
Mary Magdalen,
which was vulgarly called, the
Maidlein
's. It was seated at the Summit of an Hill, beneath which is the Well called St.
Mary Magdalen
's Well, so named from the Hospital, as are also several Fields which to this Day are called the
Maidlin
Meadows.
IT was founded by King
Henry
I. for a Master, Brethren and Sisters to receive
Leprous Folks,
and since that Sickness abated, for the poor of the Town in Time of Pestilence. Fourteen within the House were allowed every one a Room, 8
s. per
Month, Coals, and Fifteen without, some 8
s. per
Month, some 5
s.
some 2
s.
6
d.
ONE
Johannes de bland obiit die mensis proximo ante festum Sancti Michaelis archangeli, hora nona illius diei, anno Domini millesimo Tricentesimo septuagesimo quarto. Cujus corpus humatum est juxta summum altere ex parte Boreali cancellarii, in Capella Beatae
Mariae Magdalenae.
Lib. Cart.
John Bland
was the Master of this Hospital in the Reign of
Edward
III. he was a Man of a fair Character, and good Reputation. It is recorded of him, that he died the Day before the Feast of St.
Michael
the Archangel, or on the 28th of
September,
in the ninth Hour of that Day, in the Year of our Lord 1374. His Body was buried nigh the High-Altar, on the North side of the Chancel, in St.
Mary Magdalen
's Chapel.
HE was a great Benefactor to this Hospital, as appears from his Charity and Generosity in the first Year of his Mastership. For whereas
Laurentius Acton
had the said Hospital in perpetuum, for himself, his Heirs and Assigns, this worthy Man paid for his own Right 40 Marks to the said
Laurentius,
and the said
Laurentius
had the first Fruits belonging to the said Hospital, which yearly amounted to the Sum of 200 Marks.
ONE
Richard Sperman
had an annual Pension from the said Hospital of 8 Marks, which Pension the abovementioned Gentleman in the 2d Year of his Mastership bought out for the said Hospital.
HE also the same Year freed the said Hospital from an annual Pension, which was payable to
Hugo de Mitford.
THE same Master of this Hospital, in this same Year following, built in the said Hospital a Consistory, a Stable, and a Bier, and made in the Quire two New Windows facing the South of the said Chapel, besides a Number of other good and generous Charities which he bestowed upon this Hospital.
THE same Gentleman proves judicially in the King's Court, that the Mayor and Commonalty of
Newcastle
upon
Tine,
did assign, present, and induct the Master of the said Hospital. He was Master of the said Hospital about five Years.
IN the Reign of our Lord 1564, in the 6th of Queen
Elizabeth,
one
Edmund Wiseman,
Servant to the right Honourable Sir
Nicholas Bacon,
Knight, and Keeper of the Great Seal of
England,
obtained by the Procurement of one
Cuthbert Bewick,
a Burgess and Merchant of this Town of
Newcastle,
a Presentation from the Queen, of the Hospital of St.
Mary Magdalen,
lying without the Wall of
Newcastle;
of which Hospital the Mayor and Burgesses of this Town were the true and very Patrons, and had till then presented Time out of
The West-Spittle, the Hospital called the
Magdalens,
and the Chapel of St.
Thomas
the Martyr, have been given by the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle,
Time out of Mind.
Mind. By Virtue of this Presentation from the Queen,
James
Bishop of
Durham
would have inducted the said
Wiseman
(in the Year aforesaid, betwixt
Lammas
and
Martinmas
) into the Possession of the said Hospital; but the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of the Town having Respect to the Defence of their Patronage, would in no wise permit the said Bishop to give Induction therein: For the Hospital of St.
Mary Magdalen
was a Donative, and not a Benefice inductible by any Bishop.
IN the Year 1569, 15th
February,
the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle
granted the next Presentation of St.
Mary Magdalen,
commonly called the
Maid
enes,
to
Henry Anderson, Robert Mitford,
and
Christopher Mitford.
IN the Account of
Ficket-Tower,
there is Mention made of a
Great Cross,
standing within
Maudlin-Barras;
and in the
Milbank
Manuscript it is said,
At the End of the
Barras
-Bridge before the Chapel stood a stately Cross firm and compleat,
and
This
Pigg
was a Rebel, a very great
Enthusiast,
a Monument of his whimsical Head is that
Stone-Pillar,
a little North of the three
Mile Bridge,
which every deservedly to this Day, bears the Title of
Pig
's Folly.
John Pigg
in the Time of the Rebellion took it down, and called it Idolatry, and thought to make his own Use of it; but it was broke by some who hated it should be prophaned. This Hospital at the Suppression was valued at 9
l.
11
s.
4
d.
LEAVING St.
Mary Magdalens,
we go forward to the End of this Street, which together with the End of the Street leading from
Newgate,
meets at the
Barras-Bridge.
HOW it comes by the Name of
Barras-Bridge, Grey
gives us no Account. Others have imagined it to be so called, from a Person of that Name, who was its Builder or Benefactor. This Conjecture in my Opinion is a grand Mistake; for we have just now mentioned the
Maudlin-Barras,
and therefore the Word
Barras
must imply something else. The Manuscript above mentioned speaking of the Antiquity of St.
Andrew
's Church, gives this as a Reason of its being the oldest in Town, because it is next the
Barras,
which hath been the ancient
Barracado
of the Town. So then according to this Account, it got its Name from the Word
Barracado.
This also in my Opinion is a Mistake. For the Word
Barrows
(for so it should be spell'd) signifies the same as
Tinnuli,
Hillocks, and sometimes
Graves
and
Sepulchres:
And when it is considered, that the Hospital of St.
Mary Magdalen
was founded for the Reception of
Leprous Folks,
it is easy to see, that the
Maudlin-Borrows
are the
Tombs
or
Burial-Places
of those that died of the
Leprosy
in that
Hospital;
and since the Burial-place it self was nigh to the Bridge, the Bridge got thence the Name of the
Barrows-Bridge.
The
Barras
mentioned in the Account of
Ficket-Tower
are the same Thing; nothing else but the Burial-place of the
Franciscan Friars.
THE Place of the
Maudlin Barrows
I take to be the sick Man's Close; for as after the abating of the Leprosy, this Hospital was obliged to take the Poor of the Town in during the Time of the Pestilence; so I question not, but those that died were buried in the ancient Burial-place or Barrows of the Hospital. And since we are certain they were buried in the
sick Man
's
Close,
we may be therefore almost certain, that the
sick Man
's
Close
was the
Barrows
of this
Hospital.
THE
Barrows-Mill
belong'd to the
black Friars;
and in the Year 1558, paid a Rent to the Town of
Newcastle
of 2
s. per annum. Lib. Cart. p.
43.
THE Chapel on the other Side the
Barrows-Bridge
was dedicated to St.
James
the Apostle, and was anciently called St.
See
Andrew
Tower.
James
's Kirk. I suppose it was a
Chapel
of Ease to St.
Andrew,
for
Jesmond
and
Sandiford,
and other Out-parts of that Parish.
Sect. VI.
Of the Suburbs of
PANDON.
THE Suburbs out of
Pandon-Gate
are but very few Houses; but there are
Gardens
all the Way up the Causeway; two of them are those of Mr.
John Simpson
and Mr.
Charles Atkinson.
This Way was within these four Years the pleasantest Entrance into the Town of
Newcastle,
having Gardens on each Side, beset with
Trees
of so large a Size and Shade, that they covered the Street itself in several Places. These were cut down for a little unpossest Money, and the greatest Beauty of the Street lost.
THERE are in this Street two or three Passages, leading to different Places, which it may not be amiss to mention. After you are out of
Pandon-gate,
there is one on the left Hand leading to
Pandon-Dean,
a very
Romantick Place,
full of Hills and Vales, through which runs
Pandon-Burn.
It is a very entertaining Walk in the Summer to
Magdalen
-Well. A little above this is another very narrow Passage on the right Hand, bordering upon Mr.
Harrison
's Garden, which leads to a Place called the
Garth-Heads,
which was a Place of Pleasure and Recreation; but of late it was taken in, and made a
common Garden
of, by
Richard Ridley,
Esq
the Proprietor of it.
HAVING past this Lane, we proceed till we come to the Top of this great Ascent (for such indeed is this Street) and there we meet with two Ways; the one leads to the
Shield-Field,
the Property of Mr.
Charles Clark
of
Newcastle,
which has been already mentioned; and the other to
Owse-Burn,
which is at present a large Village, occasioned by the Coal-works of
Richard Ridley
and
Matthew White,
Esqs
&c.
IT takes its Name from the Burn that runs through it. The Banks of this Burn are in many Places terribly high, in all Places beautifully Romantick.
BEFORE we come to the Suburbs of
Sandgate,
we must not omit to mention the
Keelmens Hospital;
it is situated some Distance East of the
Town's Wall,
between the
Carpenters Tower
and
Sandgate.
It is a square Building, done in the Form of
Monasteries
and
Colleges,
having its low Walk round it, in Imitation of
Cloysters.
The Area in the Middle of it, is about 83 Foot broad, and about 97½ Foot long. There are upwards of fifty Chambers in it. Who it was built by, may be learned from the Inscription above the Entrance of it, which is as follows:
The Keelmens Hospital, built at their own Charge,
Anno Domini 1701, Matthew White,
Esq
Governour, Mr.
Edward Grey,
Mr.
Edward Carr,
Stewards of the Hoastmens Company for the Time being, and Trustees for this Hospital.
I have been told, that Dr.
Moor,
one of the late Bishops of
Ely,
upon going down the River in the Town's Barge with the Magistrates, observed it, and made Enquiry after it. And being told, that it was built by the
Keelmen
themselves (every one allowing towards it a
Penny a Tide
) he said, that he had heard of, and seen many Hospitals, the Works of
rich Men;
but that was the first he ever saw or heard of, which had been built by the Poor. 'Tis a great Pity that the Design of its Building is not throughly answer'd; but there are some Miscreants, who would rather starve in Sickness or old Age, than not guzzle a Penny in their Health and Youth.
Sect. VI.
Of the
Suburbs
of
SANDGATE.
THE Suburbs of
Sandgate
(excepting some Houses nigh the Walls of the Town) we are informed escap'd the Fury of the Civil Wars. This Street has it's Name from it's Situation, which is upon the Sand. For this whole Street as well as the
Sandhill,
and all the lower Parts of the Town in ancient Times was the Common Sand or Shore of the River.
THIS Street has in it a vast Number of narrow Lanes on each Side of it, which are crouded with Houses. It is chiefly inhabited by People that work upon the
Water,
particularly the
Keelmen.
The Number of Souls in this Street and the Lanes belonging to it, is computed to several Thousands.
ABOUT the middle of this Street is an open Place called the
Squirrel,
from a little Brook of that Name, which runs through it into the River
Tyne,
which was the ancient Bounds of the Town of
Newcastle.
From this, as far as the House of Mr.
Jeremiah Cook,
Shipwright, is the Street of
Sandgate,
then we enter St.
Ann
's Street, (so called from the neighbouring Chapel) which leads us on to the
Ropery,
which is a long and pleasant Walk, giving an agreeable Prospect of the River, and a great Part of the Town and Neighbouring Places. What this Ropery was formerly,
Grey
gives us the best Account. Below East, says he, is the Ballast-Hill, where Women upon their Heads carried Ballast, which was taken forth of the small Ships which came empty for Coals; which Place was the first Ballast Shore out of the Town; since which Time, the Trade increasing, there are many Ballast Shores below the Water, on both Sides of the River; much the same Account is given of this, in the Manuscript so frequently mentioned; the Hoastmen got Leave at first to lead Coals above the
Bourn,
and that occasioned their Delivery of Ballast upon the
Lime-Kiln
Road, and the Women bore the Ballast upon their Heads, and made the Ballast-Hills; for the Town had procured all that Shore of the Lords of
Byker
for that Use, and to build Lime-Kilns upon.
ON the North of this Ropery stands the Chapel of St.
Ann,
which is a a Chapel of East to the Church of
All-hallows,
which tho' pretty large is yet much too little for the Parish, it being perhaps one of the largest Parishes in the whole Kingdom.
WHEN it was originally built I have met with nothing that gives any Account. after the Reformation it was neglected and came into Decay; but the Town in the Year 1682. repair'd it, and settled a Lecturer there, to preach in the Morning, and to expound the
Catechism
every Sunday Afternoon; which the Town allow'd 30
l.
per Annum for; at the Opening of it, after it was repaired, the Rev. Mr.
March,
then Vicar of the Town, preached the first Sermon, in it, which was Printed, and Intitled,
Th'
Encaenia
of St.
Ann
's Chapel in
Sandgate.
IT has at present two Lecturers, which are paid by the Town, the Rev. Mr.
Clayton,
and the Rev. Mr.
Maddison;
to the former the Town pays 40
l. per Annum,
and to the latter 50
l.
BELOW this to the Glass-house-bridge are the Houses of Ship-Wrights, and Master-Builders, such as Mr.
Thomas Wallas,
Mr.
Roger Durham,
Mr.
John Lattany,
Mr.
Cuthbert Preston,
&c.
THE
Glass-house-bridge,
so called because of the
Glass-houses
which are almost contiguous to it, was originally a Wood-Bridge, as the Bridge higher up the
Bourn
was, 'till within these 6 or 7 Years; but in the Year 1669, when
Ralph Jenison,
Esq
was Mayor, it was made of Stone by
Thomas Wrangham,
Ship-Wright, on Account of Lands which the Town let him; The Passage however over it was very difficult and uneven 'till the Year 1729, When
Stephen Coulson,
Esq
was Mayor, it was made level and commodious both for Horse and Foot.
ON the other Side of the Bridge are the
Glass-houses,
which in
Grey
's Time served most Part of the Kingdom with Window-Glass.
SOMETIME in the Reign of Queen
Elizabeth
came over to
England
from
Lorrain,
the
Henzels, Tyzacks
and
Tytorys.
The Reason of their coming hither was the Persecution of the Protestants in their own Country, of whose Persuasion they were. They were by Occupation Glass-makers. At their first coming to this Town they wrought in their Trade at the Close-gate, after that they removed into
Staffordshire,
from whence they removed again and settled upon the River Side at the Place called from their abiding in it the
Glass-houses.
Deservedly therefore have so many of these Families been named
Peregrines
from the Latin Word
Peregrinus
which signifies a Pilgrim or a Stranger.
HAVING at last settled here they became very numerous, and generally married into each others Families to preserve the three Names of
Henzel, Tyzack
and
Tytory.
But the latter of them within this Few Years became extinct. There are of the
Tyzacks
several remaining; but the
Henzels
are most numerous.
AS you go from the Glass-house, you come now to the
Glass-houses,
a large Village, and pass by the Western Glass-house, then to the Crown-Glass-house, then to the middle Bottle-house, then to the middle Broad-house, then to the castern Glass-house. Nigh this last is the House of the late Mr.
Peregrine Henzel,
the principal Person then remaining of his Family, and one of the Chief Owners of these Works.
FROM hence we pass over the Grounds of St.
Laurence,
to a Place consisting of several Houses, which from a Chapel here situated, dedicated to St.
Laurence,
is called St.
Laurence
's Glass-house, or Mushroom-Glass-house; there is also here a Bottle Glass-house, now held under the Town by Mrs.
Middleton,
of which
Richard Ridley,
Esq
is an Owner.
ST.
Laurence
's Chapel, or Chantery as it is called, is said to have been built by one of the Earls of
Northumberland.
No Doubt that Prayers might be put up for his Soul, and the Souls of his Family.
AT the Reformation it had Fate of many Chapels of the like Kind; to have its Revenues disposed of, and itself left to fall into Ruins.
IT was dependant upon the Priory of St.
John
's of
Jerusalem.
It was granted to the Town in the 3d of
Edward
VI. among other Things, in Consideration of 144
l.
13
s.
4
d.
Anno Dom'
1558,
The Rents of St.
Laurence,
as follow.
 
l.
s.
d.
ST.
Laurente
taken by Lease by
John Laverock
7
10
00
THE Fishery of St.
Laurence,
taken by
Mitford
1
13
04
A Close called St.
Ann
's Close
0
12
00
A Close called the
Conny
Close
1
13
04
A Cottage in
Kittingworth,
in the Tenure of
John
of
Killingworth,
and certain Lands in
Heaton
belonging to St.
Laurence.
Lib. Cart. 44.
NIGH this Chapel of St.
Laurence
is one of the Waggon Ways, and Steaths of
Richard Ridley,
Esq
for his Colliery at
Byker.
ONE of the
Andersons
procured a Shore from the Chapel of St.
Laurence,
unto the Gate that runneth down the River, towards
Lawson
's Land, which was filled by Womens Heads.
Milbank.
Sect. VIII.
Of the
Town's BOUNDERS.
THE Town Bounders by Land from a small Brook, or Course of Water, called the
Swerle,
in Time past in the County of
Northumberland,
and now in the Town of
Newcastle,
on the West-side of the aforesaid Town, along by the Shore of the Water of
Tyne,
unto the Fields of the Town of
Elswick,
in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland,
by and along the Fields of the Town of
Elswick,
aforesaid, unto the Fields of the Town of
Fenham
was heretofore a Village very pleasant and beautiful on Account of it's much Wood; but now much more so because of the very fine House and Gardens of
Thomas Ord
Esq
This Village, or the Royalty of it, belonged to the Priory of St.
John
of
Jerusalem,
for we meet with a Receipt from the Prior to the Town of
Newcastle,
for the Coal Mines of
Fenham.
Fenham,
in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland,
and so toward the North unto the Fields of the Town of
Kenton
in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland,
and along by those Fields unto the Town of
The Estate of
William Carr,
Esq
Coxlodge,
in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland,
and so towards the East of the Fields of the Town of
Jesmund
in the aforesaid County, and by and along the same Fields of
Jesmund
towards the South, unto a certain Bridge called
Barras-bridge,
in the aforesaid County of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and from the same Bridge in and through a certain Lane in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland
and
Newcastle,
leading towards the East to another Bridge called
Sandiver
Bridge, in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland;
and from the same Bridge towards the South, in and through a certain Field called
Shield-Field,
in the aforesaid County of
Northumberland
and
Newcastle,
unto a certain Lane or Street in the same County, leading to the aforesaid Water or River of
Tyne.
THE additional Bounders are mention'd in the second and third Years of King
Edward
VI.
THE Circumference of the Town's Bounders is 10 Miles and 50 Yards.
CHAP. XIII.
Of the River
TYNE.
I T remains now that we speak of the River
The
Tyne
seems to have been originally as to the Name of it,
Vedra.
For the River
Vedra
is the only River taken Notice of by
Ptolomy
in these Parts; and we all know that in these Parts the River
Tyne
is the most considerable.
There is indeed a
Tyne
mentioned by
Ptolomy,
but that is situated between the
Tay
and
Forth,
in
Scotland;
but neither can that be it, it is too inconsiderable: Nor lastly can it be the
River Were,
tho' there is a nigher Affinity in Sound between
Vedra
and
Were,
than between
Vedra
and
Tyne.
For the
Vedra
is mention'd by
Ptolomy
as the most considerable River, and 'tis confessed that the
Tyne
is more so than the
Were,
or if the
Were
has any Claim to the Name of
Vedra
it is only in Conjunction with the River
Tyne.
Perhaps, says Mr.
Horsley,
p.
103. Vedra
has been the Name of the
Tyne
and
Were.
The Tract that now has between the two Rivers, and is bounded on each Side by them, is now called
Werewickshire.
Tyne,
which is indeed a River to be out-done by few in the whole Kingdom, whether you respect it's Haven, it's Commodities, it's Privileges, which have been frequently mentioned, the Prospect of it's Fields, it's Woods and Villages,
&c.
As to the Haven, it is so deep as to carry Vessels of a considerable Burthen, and of that Security, that they are not in Danger either of Storms or Shallows, save that within a little of the Bar of
Tinmouth
(which are called by the
Sailors
the
Black-Middens,
which are very dangerous;) but to prevent any Mischiefs which may happen to Ships in the Night Time from them, there are two Light-houses maintain'd by the Trinity-House, in
Newcastle,
and near them in the Year 1672, was built a Fort, called
Clifford
's Fort, which effectually commands all the Vessels that enter the River.
Mag. Brit. Vol. 3. p. 607.
MR.
Cambden
observes that this Town of
Newcastle,
for it's Situation and plenty of Sea-Coal, so useful in itself, and to which so great a Part of
England
and the low Countries are indebted for their good Fires, is thus commended by
Johnson
in his Poems on the Cities of
Britain;
Novum Castrum
Rupe sedens Celsâ, rerum aut miracula spectat
Naturae, aut solers distrahit illa aliis.
Sedibus Aethereis quid frustra quaeritis ignem?
Hunc alit, hunc terra suscitat ista sinu.
Non illum torvo terras qui turbine terret;
Sed qui animam Terris, detque animos animis.
Eliquat hic ferrum, aes, hic aurum ductile fundit.
Quos non auri illex conciet umbra animas?
Quin (aiunt) auro permutat Bruta metalla;
Alchimus hunc igitur praedicat esse Deum.
Si Deus est, ceu tu dictas, Divine Magister,
Haec quot alit? Quot alit
Scotia
nostra Deos,
Newcastle
From her high Rock great Nature's Works Surveys,
And kindly spreads her Goods through Lands and Seas.
Why seek ye Fire in some exalted Sphere?
Earth's Fruitful Bosom will supply you here.
Not such whose horrid Flashes scare the Plain,
But gives enliv'ning Warmth to Earth and Men.
Ir'n, Brass and Gold it's melting Force obey;
(Ah! who's e'er free from Gold's almighty Sway?)
Nay into Gold 'twill change a Baser Ore,
Hence the vain Chymist deifies its Power:
If't be a God, as is believ'd by you,
This Place and
Scotland
more than Heaven can shew.
IT is observable in this Place when the Coal Trade is brisk, that all other Business is so too; and when it is otherwise, through the Contracts of the Coal Owners, or of the Masters, that there is a certain Deadness in all Trafick. It is the Money arising from the Coal Trade, that almost entirely Circulates in this great Town and adjacent Country.
IT has been observed by
Fleetwood Preciosum Chronicon 118. p.
some, that Sea Coal has not been in Use above 150 Years, at least not in
London;
and that when we meet with Coals in old Accounts, it is meant of Charcoal. I can scarce be of this Opinion, if it was but for what the said Authority himself acknowledgeth,
viz.
that
Carbo Marinus,
or Sea Coal, is mentioned in
Matthew Paris.
And in the 1st of
Edward
III. there is mention made
de Carbonibus marithnis,
of Sea Coals and the Measure of them.
HOWEVER this be, nigh this Town of
Newcastle
Coals were work'd very early, in a Charter of King
Hen.
III. dated
Dec.
1, 23d of that King's Reign, Licence was granted to the Town of
Newcastle,
to dig Coals in the
Castle-Field
and the
Frith.
IN the Year 1421, the 9th of
Hen.
V. Two-pence per Chaldron being paid to the King for all Coals sold at the Port of
Newcastle,
to People not enfranchised; it was enacted that the Keels should be of the Burthen of 20 Chaldrons, and no more, according to Custom; some being of the Burthen of 22, and some of 24 Chaldrons built, to defraud the King of his Customs, and that the Keels should be sealed by the King's Officers.
De. reb.
39.
QUEEN
Elizabeth
demanding of the Town the Arrear of 2
d.
per Chaldron, which had been neglected for many Years; the Town begg'd her Majesty that these Arrears might be forgiven, and to grant them a
Gardner
Queen
Eliz,
Charter.
Charter to incorporate a new Fraternity or Brother-hood, to be called
Free Hoastmen,
for the selling and vending of all Coals to Shipping. And in Consideration thereof they would pay to her Majesty and her Successors, 12
d.
for every Chaldron exported from thenceforth to the free People of this Nation; this was taken into Consideration and granted.
IN the Year 1644, in the Time of the Civil War, the City of
London
received a great Advantage by this Town's being taken; for almost two Years by-past, the poorer Sort of People had been almost starved, Coals having risen to the Price of 4
l.
per Chaldron, a Price never known before that Time.
THIS Place is generally computed to vend upwards of 300,000 Chaldrons a-Year. There are likewise vast Exportations of Lead, Salt, Salmon, and Grindstones, which last Commodity, as
Grey
says, and is still true, are conveyed to most Parts of the World; according to the Proverb,
A Scott, a Rat, and a Newcastle Grindstone you may find all the World over.
IT is not in my Power to describe the Number of Arts and curious Machineries that are used in this Affair of the Coal Business; the sinking of Pits, Winning of Coals, Fire-Engines, Waggon-Ways, the Waggons, their managing of them, the Staiths,
&c.
deserve a more skilful Pen. Thus much however I may venture to say, that those Waggon-Ways, a small Part of the whole Coal Works, may vie with some of the great Works of the
Roman
Empire.
The Right and Title of the Mayor and Burgesses of the Town and County of the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
to the Soil, and also to the Conservation of the River of
Tyne.
1st, By
Prescription.
THE said Mayor and Burgesses have time out of Mind enjoyed the Soil of the said River or
Tyne:
And all Shores or Keys built upon the said River, are by Virtue of Leases from the said Mayor and Burgesses.
AND they the said Mayor and Burgesses have also time out of Mind enjoyed the Conservation of the said River of
Tyne.
AND for Conservation and Preservation thereof, there has also time out of Mind been holden before the Mayor and Aldermen of the said Town every Monday a Court, in which Court Enquiry is made after the due Conservation and Preservation of the said River of
Tyne,
by a Jury sworn to present all Nusances done therein, who make Presentments thereof in Writing; whereupon the Offenders are summoned, and if Guilty are punished by Fine or Imprisonment.
BUT formerly there has been another Custom for punishing such Offenders as appears by the following Testimonial.
A Testimonial of
John Philips
's and
William Goodwin
's cutting each a Purse in the Town's Chamber, for casting Ballast in the River of
Tyne.
Villa
Novicastri
super
Tynam.
WHEREAS Information upon Oath was given, that
John Philips
Master of the
Mary
of
Hull,
and
William Goodwin,
Master of the
Elizabeth
of
Wisebidge,
did the 5th of this Instant cast Ballast within the 14 Fathom deep, between
Sowter
and
Hartley,
to the Damage of the River. They the said Persons being called before us, the Mayor, Aldermen and Chamberlains, with the Master of the
Trinity-house,
who was then present in the Town Chamber, and did there acknowledge and confess the said offence, and did lay down 5
l.
a Piece, which was put into two Purses, which they cut, according to the ancient Custom of this Corporation in such Cases.
Henry Dawson,
Mayor.
Leonard Carr
Robert Shafto
Thomas Ledgard
Thomas Bonner
William Dawson
George Dawson
Ralph Fell,
Master of the Trinity-house.
Phineas Allin
Chamberlains.
Thomas Welsh
Thomas Young
Christopher Ellison
Thomas Goftyn
THIS ancient Custom of cutting a Purse,
&c.
was confirmed
Anno
1616, by an Order of the King and Council.
THEY the said Mayor and Burgesses have also Time out of Mind had a Water Bailiff, who is a sworn Officer, and other Officers whose offices are to search out offences done in and upon the said River of
Tyne,
and to execute the Orders of the said Court.
AND they the said Mayor and Burgesses have also always cleansed the Port from Rubbish, Ballast, and Sand, either brought in by Storms or otherwise, into the said River of
Tyne.
THE
Trinity-house
of this Town (which is a Fraternity of Mariners, Free of the said Town) are also frequently employed in discovering Offences done to the said River of
Tyne;
and where there are dangerous Places in the said River, Buoys and Lights are set, and Persons employed and paid by the said
Trinity-House,
for looking to, and taking Care of them.
2dly,
By
Acts of
Parliament.
IN an Act of Parliament made in the 21st
Hen.
VIII. Chap. 18. there is an Express Clause, which gives the Mayor and Burgesses Authority to pull down all Wears, Gores, and Engines, in the River of
Tyne,
between
Sparrow-Hawk,
and
Hedwin-Streams,
and in the Preamble of the said Act, it is declared, that the Soil of the River of
Tyne,
&c. has been Time out of Mind, enjoyed by the Town of
Newcastle
in their Demesne as of Fee in Right of the Crown.
AND also in another Act of Parliament made the 2d of
Edward
VI. (not printed) It is declared, that for the Maintenance of the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and for the Preservation of the Port and said River of
Tyne,
all the Sands, called Shores are settled on the Town.
AND also by Letters Patents, 31
Eliz.
which confirm to the Mayor and Burgesses of the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
their Customs which they had by Prescription or otherwise. It is in particular granted to them, to have Jurisdiction of a great many Statutes mention'd in that Charter, and amongst other Statutes, the Statute 34
Hen.
VIII. chap. 9. which concerns the Conservation and Preservation of Rivers.
3dly, By
Judgments, Records, Inquisitions, Judgment in Quo Warranto, Verdicts at Law, Decrees in the Court of
Exchequer;
and
UPON one Decree there is a perpetual Injunction, which was afterwards confirmed in the House of Lords on an Appeal.
JUDGMENT in Parliament 34
Ed.
I. where the Prior of
Tinmouth
having Lands adjoyning to the said River of
Tyne
at
North-Shields,
and having built a Shoar there, within the Flood Mark; it was adjudged that it should be removed at the Cost of the Prior. It may not be amiss to give some Account of this Trial.
The Contents mentioned In a Plea, at
Westminster,
in the 20th Year of
Edward I.
Between the
King,
and the
Burgesses
of
Newcastle,
and The
Prior
of
Tinmouth
Quod Dominus Rex habere debeat totum Portum in aqua de
Tyne
a mari usque ad locum qui dicitur
Hedwin-streams,
&c.
1st, The whole Port in the Water of
Tyne;
2d, His Ovens at
Newcastle;
The King Dues.
3d, For every Quarter of Corn there baked; 4th, of Custom; 5th, the King, looseth at
North-Shields
for the Issues of Baking
per Annum
10
l.
and by the Forestalling of the Market there 20
l.
The said Prior also taketh the Wreck of the Sea, which specially belongs to the King.
THE King could also take two Tunn of Wine to be chosen behind and before, and every Tunn of Wine for 20
s.
of every Ship of Herrings 100 Herrings,
&c.
all which the said Prior takes at
Shields
and else where, by which Means the King lost his Prises and Customs due to him; because the same, Merchandizes came not intirely to his due Port of
Newcastle.
THE Prior also built 4 Ovens at
Tinmouth,
which were rented at 5
l.
6
s.
8
d.
per Ann. and kept a Market on the Lord's Day at
Tinmouth.
It was also objected to him, that the whole Country and the Mariners applied themselves, and sold their Goods and Merchandizes at
Shields,
to the King's great Detriment, he receiving no Toll nor other Profits for the same.
THE King ought to have the Towage of Ships and Boats, greater and smaller, in the River of
Tyne,
in going up to
Newcastle,
and down to the Sea, freely over any Lord's Land,
&c.
The King ought to have in his Port 4
d.
for every Boat that has an Oar, and 1
d.
for every lesser one that has none.
In
Answer,
THE Prior said, the Premises did only touch his free Tenement, and he answered, that as for the Wreck of the Sea, the Forestalling of Merchandizes,
&c.
He and his Predecessors had them by Charter of King
John,
Grandfather of King
Edward
I. and so he proceeds to his new Town of
Shields.
HE said also that he had no Market or Oven at
Shields.
But as to the Fishers and buying of Fish, he saith, that his Predecessors in their Times have always had their own Fishers fishing in the same Water, for the Maintenance of their House, Toll free,
&c.
because the Port of the Water of
Tyne
doth especially and entirely belong to the King, and that they (meaning the Prior and Convent of
Tinmouth
) have had certain their Tenants of
Shields
with their Boats within their Demesnes.
AND as for the Market at
Tinmouth,
he said he claimed none there; but he had a Tumbrel, and had hired Fishers, Brewers and Bakers, and also Shambles there.
AS to the Charge of Towage he said, that he never hindered those that exercised any such Office in the Water of
Tyne
adjacent to his Land, save only at
Elstwick
or
Astwick.
HE said moreover, that before and at the Time of making King
Richard
's Charter, which was before any Liberties granted to
Newcastle
by King
John,
the Priors of this House took and had all the Premises freely and quietly,
&c.
by virtue of Custom of Liberties granted to them by their said Charter by Land and Water, whereof he found his Church seized,
&c.
WHEREUPON he demanded Judgment.
THOSE who prosecuted for the King said, that the Charter was worth nothing. As to the Wreck of the Sea, they said, no sooner had the Ships applied themselves out of the great Sea into the said Port, and there had the Misfortune to break, then the said Prior taketh the Goods of such broken Ships, both swimming and therein abiding, and Converts them to his own Use; and that the then Prior was seized of ten Tuns of Wine, out of a certain Ship of
Peter
of
Appleby
Burgess of
York,
wrecked in the said Water.
AND as to the charging or discharging of Ships and of Merchandizes,
&c.
they said, that whereas the said Port of
Tyne
is only the King's, as often as the Prior should do so, the King was manifestly injured, being then, and always before in Seizin and Possession of the said Port.
AS to the Town of
Shields,
they said, that whatsoever small dwelling Houses there had been there,
&c.
the said Prior (that then was) caused there to be made 26 Houses upon the King's Soil; because they are comprehended within the flowing and Inundation of the Sea, and they demanded the Record of Justice, that the said then Prior alledged that the King therein hath no soil,
&c.
but that it merely belong'd to him, even to the
This is supposed to be the Low-Water Mark.
Fill of the Water.
THEY also said, that in those Houses at
Shields,
there were Fishers and Brewers, and Victuallers,
&c.
so rich that they were able to give Loading and Victuals for 100 or 200 Ships, which ought to apply themselves at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and there buy their Victuals for the bettering the said Town. Whereupon they said, that the said Prior is the only Occupier of the King's Soil, and the only Taker away of the said King's Town of
Newcastle;
and that he the said Prior had 16 Fishers or more, with great Boats, fishing in the Sea yearly for Traffick's Sake only, and not for Maintenance of his House; whereof the King received neither Toll nor Custom.
THEY said also, that the said Prior and his Men come out with their Horses and Carriages, and out of such Ships as came thither got Necessaries for themselves, so that most Times Ships and Boats return empty and half laden to other Ports than to
Newcastle,
aforesaid, whereby the King cannot receive his due Prises and Customs.
AND after they said that
John
of the
Vale,
I suppose,
De le Val,
being Judge Itinerant, 7
Edw.
I. It was then reported by the Jury, that the Prior of
Tinmouth
built a Town upon the Bank of the Water of
Tyne
on one side, and the Prior of
Durham
levied or built another on the other Side, where no Towns ought to be, unless Lodges only for Fishermen; and that the Fishermen have there sold their Fishes, which ought to have been sold at
Newcastle,
to the great Hurt of the said Town, and Loss of the King's Prises: And that both the said Priors of
Tinmouth
and
Durham,
have caused to be made Brewers, and Fishers, having great Ships, whereas they ought to have but Boats, and have caused Bread to be baked there, which ought to have been baked at
Newcastle.
IT is inhibited and forbidden the said Prior of
Tinmouth,
that from thenceforth he should not hold, or cause to be held a Market or Fair in the aforesaid Places, and was determined that the Port within the Water of
Tyne,
from the Sea to
Heddon Streams,
is the free Port of the King and his Heirs with it's Prises, Customs, Towages, Tonages, with all other Profits and Commodities incident and belonging to the same,
&c.
and that neither at
Tinmouth
nor at
Shields
Ships are to be laden or unladen.
IT was also ordered that 4 Ovens at
Tinmouth
should pay Damages 5 Marks, and those that took Tonnage and make Forestal,
&c.
and as to the Wrecks of the Sea,
&c.
that the King and his Heirs should have them for ever hereafter; as to the Markets and Fairs, that there be not at
Tinmouth
or
Shields
any Market or Fair, and that neither at
Tinmouth
or
Shields
there be any Sale of Things saleable, as in Meats, Drinks, or any other Things whatsoever, whereby the King, his Heirs and Successors may be made the Worse.
IT was also ordered, that the Keys and other Things levied and raised by the said Prior within the Flood Mark on the King's Soil, should be removed at the Costs of the said Prior.
Close Roll,
12 Ed. II.
Membran.
26. It is recited that the King had given Power and Authority to
John
Earl of
Hamstead,
to examine and remove Nusances done to the River of
Tyne,
and was pleased to recal it, because it was a Prejudice to what the Mayor of
Newcastle
claimed and enjoyed in the Time of his Predecessors.
BY an Inquisition 4th
Jan.
25
Hen.
VI. the Jury upon their Oath found, that beyond the Memory of Man, the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
had, and held of our Sovereign Lord the King, and all his Predecessors, as Burgesses of the said Town (when there was no Mayor), and as Mayor and Burgesses of the said Town (when there was a Mayor), the said Town and Water of
Tyne,
and the Soil of the said Water of
Tyne,
wherever it was covered, from a Place called
Sparrow Hawk
in the Sea, unto a Place called
Hedwin Streams;
and that the same, with the Appurtenances were Parcel of the Liberties and free Customs of the said Town, and were held under a Fee-Farm, saving the King's Rents, Prises, and Assessments in the Port of the said Town.
THEN they find and set forth Kng
John
's Charter, and Confirmation.
AND divers other Customs and Privileges belonging to the said Town, are there mentioned, expessed and set forth.
IN a
Quo Warranto,
5
Car.
I.
Michaelmas
Term, in the King's Bench, the Prescription for Conservation of the River
Tyne
is allowed.
BY the Pleadings in a Decree in the
Exchequer, Michaelmas
Term, 5
Car.
I. Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
Plaintiffs,
Robert Johnson
Defendant; and another 10
Car.
I. Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
Plaintiffs, and
Hilton,
Defendant, the Conservancy of the said River of
Tyne
is acknowledged to be in the said Mayor and Burgesses, between
Sparrow-Hawk
and
Hedwin Streams.
Michaelmas
12.
Car.
I. Decree in the
Exchequer
against one
Anthony Errington,
for erecting certain Buildings on certain Waste Grounds on the South Side of the Street called
Sandgate,
within the Flood Mark of the River of
Tyne.
Trin.
1694, Bill in the
Exchequer,
Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle,
Plaintiffs, against Dean and Chapter of
Durham,
and
Samuel Shepherd,
Defendants, a Trial at Law on the said Bill was directed by the said Court of
Exchequer,
on these two Issues following; that the Defendants could not lawfully erect and use a Ballast Key or Wharf, at
Westoe
or
Jarrow-Slake,
without the Licence of the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle.
THAT the erecting a Ballast Key at
Westoe,
or
Jarrow-Slake
by the Defendants would be a Damage to the River.
18
Junii,
1697. Verdict on both Issues for the Plaintiffs.
26
Jan.
1697, after this Trial, the Court of
Exchequer
did order, adjudge and decree, that a perpetual Injunction should be awarded under the Seal of the Court, to quiet the Plaintiffs in the Possession of their Franchises, Liberties, Powers and Privileges, and to stop the Defendants from erecting any Ballast Shore or Wharfe in
Westoe
or
Jarrow-Slake,
unless cause should be shewn on Monday 15
l697, which Cause being continued on the Paper of Causes from Time to Time, after several Debates and Hearings,
Feb.
10, 1697, the whole Court delivered their Opinion at large, that the Bill was a proper Bill, and the Issues apt and proper Issues in this Case, and declared they were fully satisfied with the Trial at the Bar: Thereupon it was finally ordered, adjudged and decreed by the Court, that the Defendants, and every of them, should be, and were thereby constrained from making and erecting any Ballast Key or Wharf at
Westoe
or
Jarrow-Slake,
and that a perpetual Injunction should be granted to stop the Defendants, and every of them, their Successors, Executors and Assigns, and all Persons claiming under them, from making, setting up, or erecting any Ballast Key or Wharf there, at any Time or Times hereafter.
17
Martii,
1697, Dean and Chapter of
Durham,
and
Samuel Shepherd,
petitioned and appealed to the House of Lords against this Decree.
7
Maij
1698, On hearing Council at the Lords Bar, on the Petition and Appeal, it was ordered and adjudged by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament assembled, that the said Petition and Appeal of the Dean and Chapter of
Durham,
should be dismissed the said House, and that the Order and Appeal from which they appealed should be confirm'd.
IN the 22d
James
I. a Person was sued for Building some Houses in
Sandgate,
within the Flood-Mark of the River
Tyne,
the Consequence of which was, the Defendant was obliged to pull down the said Houses at his own Expence.
IN the Year 1631, the Sheriff of
Durham
was ordered by the King and Council to apprehend Offenders damaging the River
Tyne,
and carry them before the Mayor and Aldermen, Conservators of the said River.
September
9, 1665, Sir
Francis Anderson
had granted to him a Lease for 1000 Years, from the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
of all that Parcel of Ground within the Territories of
Winlington,
between High and low-Water Mark, in length from East to West 1254 Yards, and in Breadth from low-Water Mark, in length from East to West One Thousand Two Hundred Fifty Four Yards, and in Breadth from low-Water Mark One Hundred and Twenty Yards, with Liberty to build Keys and cast Ballast, upon paying 2
d.
per Ton for all Ballast cast thereon.
THE Bounds of the River
Tyne,
belonging to the Town of
Newcastle,
have been from the Day they had any Charter to this Day, from the
Sparrow-Hawk
to
Hedwin Streams,
which is about 14 Miles.
TO begin at
Hedwin Streams,
and so go down the River, taking Notice of the Villages,
&c.
'till we come to the Bridge.
Hedwin
is a Village situated on the North Side of the River seven Miles: It seems to have been originally a
Roman
Station, for the Word in the
Saxon
signifies a Military Wing, and the
Roman
Wall goes close by it.
RYTON,
a Village situated on the South side of the
Tyne,
distant about 7 Miles from
Newcastle,
is adorned with a fair Church, which had the Honour to have for its Rector the very learned Dr.
Cave,
who was succeeded in it by
Malin Sorsbie,
Master of Arts, a religious Man, and an excellent Scholar. He was Father to the present Alderman
Sorsbie,
late Mayor of this Town. The next Incumbent of this Church was Dr.
Finny,
who built the stately Parsonage House there; and the present one the Rev. Mr.
Secker.
NEWBURN
is a Village distant fron
Newcastle
about 4 Miles, and situated on the North side of the
Tyne.
It is of great Antiquity, as appears from the following Relation.
COPSI,
the first Earl of
Northumberland,
after the Conquest, was constituted such by the Conqueror, for that Part of the Province that lyeth North of the River: Whereupon he drove
Osulph,
whom
Merker,
the younger Son to
Algar,
Earl of
Chester,
the last Earl of
Northumberland
had substituted there.
AT length
Osulph,
whom he had so driven, being necessitated to betake himself to the Woods and Deserts for Refuge, gathered some Strength, and forcing
Copsi,
for Safeguard, to fly to the Church of
Newburne,
set it on Fire, and when
Copsi
(to save himself from the Flames) came out, did cut off his Head at the very Door, on the 4th of the Ides of
March,
in the 5th Week after he had the Administration of these Parts; but the very next Autumn this
Osulph
was himself slain by the Hands of a Robber.
Bar. Dugdale,
p. 54. Vol. 1.
KING
Henry
I. granted the Church of this Place to St.
Mary's
of
Carlisle,
and the Canons of the same.
WALDENUS Parsona de Newburne,
was one of the Witnesses to the Foundation Charter of St.
Mary
's in
Westgate,
about the Reign of
Richard
I.
THIS Manour belong'd to the Crown, 'till
Robert Fitz Roger,
sirnamed
de Clavering,
from his Manour of
Clavering
in
Essex,
obtained a Grant of it from King
John,
Reg. 5. To hold to him by the Service of one Knight's Fee, which upon levying the Scutage of
Wales,
13
John,
he paid. His Posterity enjoy'd this Manour long after, for
Robert de Clavering,
who had Summons to Parliament from the 23 of
Edward
I. to 3
Ed.
II. died possessed of this Manour of
Newburne,
and left it to his Son and Heir
John de Clavering,
who despairing of having any Issue Male, settled this Manour, and some others, by Way of Feossinent, upon one
Stephen de Trafford,
to the Intent that the said
Stephen
should reconvey them to the said
John,
to hold for Life, with the Remainder to King
Ed.
I. and his Heirs. The King soon after it came to him, gave it to
Henry Percy,
the Ancestor of the Earls of
Northumberland,
in whose Family we find it 42
Edw.
III. for
Henry
Earl of
Northumberland
died about that Time seized of this Manour, with divers other Estates, and leaving his Wife
Joan
surviving, this Lordship with its Members, was assigned to her for her Dowry among several others. After her Decease it continued in the
Percy
's Family divers Successions, and was in the 5
Hen.
V. settled upon
Elizabeth,
the Relict of
Henry
Earl of
Northumberland
surnamed
Hotspur
for Life, and after her Decease passed to her Son
Henry,
who died seized of it, and other great Estates, 33
Hen.
VI. fighting for whom he lost his Life at the Battle of St.
Albans
in
Hertfordshire.
King
Edward
IV. having by this Victory gained a sure Possession of the Throne,
Henry
Earl of
Northumberland,
his Son and Successor, lost his paternal Estate, by being attainted in Parliament, 1
Edward
IV. and as the major Part of his Estate was given by that King to his Brother
George
Duke of
Clarence,
as is above specified, so this Manour of
Newburn,
and
Newburn
-Haven, were granted to Sir
Robert Ogle,
in Consideration of his many faithful Services, being soon after made a Baron of the Realm.
DR.
Smith,
late Bishop of
Carlisle,
finding the Vicarage of this Place to be small, and not able to maintain a Minister, made an Augmentation of 25
l.
a Year to it since the Restoration of King
Charles
II.
Magn. Britan. Vol.
3.
p.
673.
THIS Manour is now Part of the Estate of his most noble Grace,
Charles
Duke of
Somerset.
THE next Village to it is
Stella,
a little below
Newburn,
on the other Side the Water. Here is a magnificent House and Gardens, which belonged to the Lord
Widdrington,
which became forfeited to the Crown in the Year 1715, for his entring into the
Northumberland
Rebellion. This Place originally belonged to the Nuns of
Newcastle;
it is now chiefly inhabited by Coal-Workers, and has Staiths in it.
THERE are many other Villages on the Sides of this River, such as
Blaiden, Lemmington, Swalwel, Delaval, Redheugh,
&c. Several of them have Staiths belonging to them, such are the Staiths of the Lady
Clavering,
Sir
Henry Liddel,
Baronet,
Richard Ridley,
Esq
George Liddel,
Esq
Edward Wortley Montague,
Esq
George Bowes,
Esq
George Pitt,
Esq
George Malliber,
Esq
Mr.
John Simpson
and Mr.
Joseph Ledger.
THERE is a little Island in the Midst of the River, called,
The King's Meadows,
which is a delicious Place, and a great Ornament to the River.
LET us now come below Bridge, to take Notice of a few Things there.
Gateshead
presents itself first, a Town in the Bishoprick of
Durham;
it stands on the South-side of the
Tyne,
opposite to
Newcastle,
and is a Place of great Antiquity. Mr.
Cambden
thinks it a Place of equal Antiquity with
Newcastle,
because of it's ancient Name
Gabrosentum;
but I have already proved it more rational to believe it to have been only it's Suburbs.
THERE was an ancient Monastry here in the Time of
Bede;
which was the Monastry of
Utanus,
it was where Mr.
Riddle
's House, or
Gateshead
House is as it now stands.
ON the 14 of
May,
1080,
Walter
Bishop of
Durham
was murdered at this Place. The Occasion of it was, this
Walter
attending more wordly Affairs than the Charge of his Flock, gave himself altogether to Temporal Business, wherein he wholly occupied himself. He bought of the King the Earldom of
Northumberland,
and then making himself a secular Judge, took upon him to sit in the Court, and to determine all Causes at his Pleasure, dealing withal very corruptly, and taking still the Course that might be most for his own Gain. Hereupon he greatly enriched his own Coffers, but purchased unto himself extreme Hatred amongst the Common People, which was his Destruction in the End. There was a certain Gentleman, of great Account, named
Leulfus,
that married
Algitha,
the Daughter of
Aldred,
sometime Earl of
Northumberland,
from whom the Lord
Lumley
that now liveth is lineally descended. This
Leulfus,
to the end he might live near the Church in his latter Time, and for very Devotion, came to
Durham
to dwell there, and kept Company very much with the Bishop, who loved him entirely, for many good Parts he saw in him, as namely, his Wisdom in discerning, his Equity in deciding, and his Discretion in ordering and handling such Causes as he committed unto him; in which Respect also he used him very familiarly, employed him often, and gave him what Countenance he could. Now, you shall understand, that unto the same Bishop belonged two Men, unto whom for the most Part he committed the ordering of all his Affairs;
Leofwyn
or
Leobwyn
his Chaplain, whom he trusted with all Houshold-Matters, and
Gilbert,
a Kinsman of his own, that dealt in his Causes of Temporal Government. In their Offices they behaved themselves so, as the Bishop had Cause to commend their Diligence, but to blame their Rashness and Wilfulness in many Things, which notwithstanding he bore withal, either because their Industry and Care of his Affairs, so blinded his Eyes, as he could not espy their Misbehaviour otherwise, or else being loath to detest them whom he had once advanced. These Men, and especially
Leofwyn,
did greatly envy the Credit that
Leulfus
had gotten with the Bishop, and every where opposed themselves against him, not only in Words, traducing his Actions, but in Deeds also, thwarting and crossing his Endeavours, whereby it came to pass, that many Jars fell out between them. One Day amongst the rest, a Court being held in the Presence of the Bishop,
Leofwyn
or
Leobwyn
(for so also I find him called) according to his wonted Manner, gave
Leulfus
ill Speeches, which he not enduring to bear, as heretofore he had done
(furor fit saepius laesa patientia)
answered this sawcy Chaplain somewhat more roundly than he had been accustomed. Whereupon he rose straight from the Court in great Indignation (
Leofwyn
I mean) and calling
Gilbert
aside, with little ado persuaded him to carry a certain Number of armed Men to the House where
Leulfus
lay, and in a Night to kill him; which indeed he performed with great Cruelty, murdering not only the innocent Gentleman himself, but also his Servants and whole Houshold. The News of this horrible and outragious Cruelty coming unto the Ears of the Bishop, amazed him very much, and suspecting it was done by the Advice of
Leofwyn,
turning about unto him:
O
Leofwyn, saith he,
thou hast already slain me by thy Tongue.
So not doubting it would breed much Danger unto him, he got into his Castle, and presently dispatched Messengers unto the Friends and Kindred of
Leulfus
that was slain, protesting, that the Fact was committed without his Knowledge; that he was marvellous sorry for it; and if any Man suspected him, would be ready to submit himself to any Order of Law, whereby he might clear himself. Herewith they seemed to be satisfied; but for Conclusion of a firm Peace amongst them, it was thought fit they should meet and consider of the Matter. They met at a Place called
Goats-Head;
the Bishop for his better Safe-guard betook himself unto the Church with his Company; the People (whereof an infinite Number were gathered together) abode without. Messages a while past between them; but the more the Matter was debated (being very odious of itself) the more the People were incensed. At last it was told them, how not only
Leofwyn,
but also
Gilbert
had been harboured in the Bishop's House, and afforded Countenance by him since the Murder; which being once heard (and it was true enough) they all cried out, it was manifest that the Bishop was the Author of this Fact. It is furthermore delivered by
Matthew Paris,
that the Bishop not only before this, amongst many intollerable Exactions laid upon the Country by him, had commanded the Sum of 400
l.
to be levied at this Time. That being also remembred, while as all the People stood in a murmuring, doubting what Course to take, one of some special Regard amongst them slept up, using these Words,
Short read, Good read, slay ye the Bishop.
Hereupon, without more ado, they ran all unto the Church, killed so many of the
Bishop
's Retinue as they found without Doors, and with horrible Noise and Outcries, bid him and his Company to come out unto them. Too late then he repented, that he had committed himself unto the Fury of a discontented Multitude, with whom he knew himself before that Time nothing gracious. But to make the best of a bad Match, and to try all Means of ridding himself from the Danger imminent, he persuaded his Kinsman
Gilbert,
there present, to go forth unto them, if happily his Death (which doubtless he had deserved) might satisfy their Fury, and purchase Safety unto his Lord and Master.
Gilbert
was content, and issuing out, with divers of the Bishop's Company, were all slain, except only two
Englishmen,
Servants unto the
Bishop
(all the rest were
Normans
). They being not yet satisfied, he besought
Leofwyn
(whose Life he knew well was principally sought) to go out also. But he utterly refused so to do. The Bishop therefore going unto the Church-door, entreated them not to take his Life from him, protesting himself to be utterly guiltless of the Blood of
Leulfus;
and shewed them at large, how dangerous it would be to them in particular, and what Inconvenience would follow to the whole Country in general, if they should defile their Hands in shedding his Blood, an unarmed Priest, a sacred and consecrated Bishop, their Ruler, their Governor, their Magistrate. Hoping,
Lastly,
That his very Countenance, his Gravity, his Age, and the Sight of his Person might move them to Compassion (for he was indeed a very reverend Man to see to, very tall of Stature, Head and Beard as white as Snow, his Face fresh and well coloured, and every Way very personable, he went out, carrying a green Branch in his Hand, that so he might testify his Desire of Peace. When he saw that all this availed not, and the People ran furiously upon him, he cast his Gown over his own Head, in like Sort as we read
Julius Caesar
did in the like Case, and permitting himself to their Fury, with innumerable Wounds was pitifully massacred, together with all his People and Retinue, to the Number of an hundred; only
Leofwyn
yet remained within the Church, and being often called, would not come forth; so they set the Church on Fire. Not enduring the Fire, he leaped out of a Window, and was immediately hewn into a thousand Pieces. The Monks of
Yarrow
came and fetched away the Bishop's Body (which they found stark naked) and could hardly know it for the Multitude of Wounds; they carried it to their Monastery, from whence it was conveyed to
Durham,
and there buried on the South-side of the Chapter-house, but secretly, for Fear of the Murderers, that roved up and down the Town, and once assaulted the Castle. When they found that they could not prevail there, they dispersed themselves, and for the most Part came to evil and unhappy Ends. The King in the mean Time hearing of this Tumult, sent his Brother
Odo
Bishop of
Bayan,
with many of his Nobles, and a great Army, to take Punishment of this Murder, which while they sought to revenge, they brought the whole Country to Desolation. Those that were guilty prevented the Danger toward them by Flight, so as few of them could be taken; of the rest that stayed at Home, some were unjustly executed, and the rest compelled to ransom themselves to their utter impoverishing and undoing. The chiefest Doer in this Outrage, was one
Eadulsus,
sirnamed
Rus,
descended of the Earls of
Northumberland,
who (as some say) slew the Bishop with his own Hands, and afterwards by the just Judgment of God, was himself slain by a Woman, and his Body, tho' once buried in the Church of
Godworth,
was taken up by the Commandment of
Turgost,
Prior of
Durham,
and forbidden Christian Burial. At this Time
Odo
took away from the Church of
Durham
certain Ornaments of great Value, amongst which is especially remembred a certain Crosier of inestimable Price. In this Bishop's Days, and by his Endeavour, secular Clerks were displaced, and the Church of
Durham
replenished with Monks, the Pope, the King, and the Archbishop allowing this Alteration,
Goodwyn, Fol.
637.
AFTERWARDS this Church was new built, and placed where it now stands: For, according to Tradition, it stood before in the Field below where Brick-Kilns now are.
THIS Church of St.
Mary
's,
Gateshead,
is in the Gift of the Bishop of
Durham;
but once, during the Vacancy of the See, it was given to
Robert de Plesuys;
the Value of it then was 26 Marks
per Annum.
IT is at present a very neat pretty Church, being exceeding well pew'd, having a small Organ, and a Ring of eight Bells, which were last Year founded by Contribution,
&c.
IT has had several worthy Men its Ministers, such were Dr.
Laidler, John Cave,
M. A. Dr.
Tully,
Dr.
Pickering, Leonard Shafto,
M. A. The Reverend Mr.
Stilling fleet,
who was inducted
Anno
1731. removed to
Ryton
in 1733, and is succeeded in this Church by Mr.
Lamb
the present Incumbent.
THERE belonged to this Church the Hospital of St.
Edmund,
which was founded by
Nicholas
Bishop of
Durham,
as appears by the following Charter, and Order for its Foundation and Government.
Fundatio Hospitalis S.
Edmundi
apud
Gatesheved.
OMnibus praesens Scriptum visuris vel audituris,
Bertramus
Prior & Conventus
Dunelmensis
Ecclesiae, aeternam in Domino Salutem: Noveritis Nos Cartam venerabilis Patris nostri D.
Nicholai,
Dei gratia,
Dunelmensis
Episcopi, in haec verba inspexisso: Omnibus Christi fidelibus, praesentem Cartam inspecturis vel audituris,
Nicholaus,
Deigratia,
Dunelmensis
Episcopus, aeternam in Domino salutem. Sciatis Nos de assensu Capituli nostri concessisse, dedisse, & hac Carta nostra confirmasse, Deo, & beato
Edmundo
Confessori, & quatuor Capellanis, in Capella quam construximus apud
Gatesheved,
in honorem ejusdem, Deo ibidem in perpetuum servituris, totam villam de
Ulkistan,
tam in dominicis quam in servitiis, Villanis & eorum sequelis, cum bosco & cum molendino, cum secta & soca, & cum omnibus aliis pertinentiis suis, sine aliquo retenimento. Dedimus autem & concessimus eisdem Capellanis, & successoribus suis, in perpetuum, totum vetus Dominium de
Gatesheved,
cum omnibus pertinentiis suis, & cum Boskello quod vocatur
Benchelm,
continente quadraginta & tres Acras per istas divisas, viz. inter terram arabilem S.
Trinitatis
& viam, quae ducit usque
Farnacres
tendente ad pratum. Dedimus & concessimus eisdem Capellanis, & eorum successoribus, in perpetuum, viginti & novem Acras terrae de Eschaeta nostra, cum pertinentiis suis in
Aluresacyres,
habendas & tenendas Deo, & beato
Edmundo
Confessori, & dictis Capellanis, & eorum successoribus, in perpetuum, de Nobis & successoribus nostris, in liberam, puram, & perpetuam Elemosinam, sicut aliqua Elemosina liberius vel quietius dari potest vel teneri. Sed ne ista nostra Collatio, in tam pios usus facta, speciem alienationis continere videatur, in compensationem tam modici damni subscripta Ecclesiae
Dunelmensi
reversura, quae quidem propriis sacultatibus & industriis adquisivimus, eidem Ecclesiae nostrae in perpetuum adsignavimus, viz. sexdecim acras terrae cum pertinentiis, in
Steindrop,
una cum Advocatione Ecclesiae ejusdem, & sexdecim acras terrae cum pertinentiis in
Winston,
una cum Advocatione Ecclesiae ejusdem. Item quinque Bovatas terrae cum pertinentiis in
Thymelby,
cum Bosco, & cum Homagio & servitio
Wil. de Kolevile
& heredum suorum in cadem, in perpetuum. Item triginta & quinque acras terrae, cum pertinentiis, in
Creyk,
emptas de
Roberto de Raskelf.
Item totam villam de
Herdwyck,
juxta
Stockton,
quam emeramus de
Galrido de Herdwyck,
excepto valore excambii, quod ei fecimus in Dominio nostro de
Bradewood.
Item quadraginta Marcas annuas de Ecclesiis venerabilis fratris Domini
Sylvestri, Karlconensis
Episcopi, & Prioris ejusdem, in
Northumbria,
toto tempore ipsius Episcopi, & post ejus cessionem, vel decessum, sexaginta Marcas. Item Advocationem Ecclesiae de
Stamfordham
in
Northumbria.
Quare volumus & firmiter praecipimus, quod praedicti Capellani, & eorum successores, qui pro tempore fuerint, totam praedictam villam de
Ulkistan,
tam in dominicis quam in servitiis, villanis & corum sequelis, cum bosco & cum molendino, cum secta & soka, & cum omnibus aliis pertinentiis suis, & totum vetus Dominium de
Gatesheved,
cum omnibus pertinentiis suis, & cum praefato Boskello quod vocatur
Benchelm,
& etiam praedictis viginti & novem acris terrae cum pertinentiis in
Alursacress,
habeant & retineant in liberam, puram & perpetuam Elimosnam, in omnibus & per omnia, sicut praedictum est in perpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium, praesenti scripto sigillum nostrum fecimus apponi. Testibus Dominis & Magistris
Johanne de Rumesbye, Philippo de S. Helena, Willielmo de Blokelepo, Odone de Kyllenny, Willielmo de Hurtheworth, Johanne Forti, Galfrido de Forseth, Marco de Sancta Cruce, Ricardo de Farnham, Roberto de Sancto Albano, Johanne le Grass, Roberto de Bokynham, Rogero de Ponte curvo, Johanne Cilet, Waltero Seilby, Rogero de Winton
Capellano,
Henrico de Sumero, Willielmo de Sadberge, Ricardo Basseth, Willielmo de Karlawc, Radulpho Fermin
Clerico, & multis aliis.
NOS ergo dictam Cartam dicti venerabilis Patris nostri Domini
Nicholai
Dei gratia,
Dunelmensis
Episcopi, ratam & gratam in omnibus habentes ipsam Sigilli nostri munimine duximus confirmandam.
Teste Capitulo nostro.
Ordinatio Hospitalis Sancti
Edmundi
in
Gatesheved.
OMnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris,
Bertramus
Prior & Conventus
Dunelmensis
Ecclesiae salutem aeternam in Domino. Noveritis Nos Cartam venerabilis Patris nostri Domini
Nicholai,
Dei gratia,
Dunelmensis Episcopi,
in haec verba inspexisse. Omnibus sanctae Matris Ecclesiae filiis, ad quos praesens scriptum pervenerit,
Nicholaus,
Divina Gratia,
Dunelmensis
Episcopus, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Etsi ascripti obsequiis Creatoris ipsius proferre laudes in pace deberent & quiete, inimicus tamen, qui huic adversatur nomini, zizaniam non cessans seminare per ministros suos, & excrescentem malitiam secularem ad hoc sedulo suas vires ponit ingenii, ut, quod ad laudem Dei & Divini nominis cultum fidelium devotio ordinaverit, ad nihilum redigat, & irremediabili confusione perfundat: Hujus Nos astutae calliditati occurrere cupientes remedio salutari, ne incertus aut inordinatus vivendi modus sempiternum inducat torporem, statuimus & ordinavimus, ut in Capella, quam apud
Gatesheved
ad honorem Domini nostri Jesu Christi, in nomine beati
Edmundi
Confessoris, & gloriosi pontificis
Cuthberti,
fundavimus, dedicavimus, & dotavimus, pro salute animae nostrae, predecessorum & successorum nostrorum, quatuor Sacerdotes bonae vitae & conversationis honestae sint perpetuis temporibus ministrantes, viz. Presbyter, cui custodiam contulimus Capellae antedictae, & omnium spectantium ad eandem, quamdiu vixerit, cum tribus aliis Sacerdotibus eidem Presbytero associandis; tali vero adjuncto tenore, ut diebus singulis, in perpetuum, matutinas & caeteras horas canonicas simul cantent, ac per unum sacerdotem de die, per alium de beata Virgine, per tertium, de beatis Confessoribus
Edmundo
&
Cuthberto,
quartum vero, pro anima nostra, predecessorum & successorum nostrorum, & omnium fidelium desunctorum, quatuor missae quotidie celebrentur, cum Commendatione, Placebo & Dirige. Praedicti vero quatuor Sacerdotes in eadem mensa comedent, & in eadem Camera quiescent, nisi alicujus infirmitas ad tempus inter illos aegrotum manere non permittat. Praedicti vero tres Sacerdotes praedicto Magistro domus & suis successoribus erunt obedientes, & ab co singillatim, viginti solidos sterlingorum, una cum mensa honorabili percipient annuatim, ad providendum sibi in Vestibus & aliis necessariis. Si quis illorum, diabolico instinctu incontinens, vagabundus, aut alias vivens inordinate, & per Magistrum, qui pro tempore fuerit, monitus, in malitia perduraverit, per eundem Magistrum absque requisitione Superioris amoveatur; quo amoto, sine majore dispendio alius Sacerdos substituatur. Ad haec quidem capellam Trinitatis, & ad sustentationem ibidem neque seculariter neque religiose viventium assignata fuerit sustentatio modica & exilis, ut intelligatur quam bonum actu & quam jucundum habitare Fratres in unum, de Consensu Prioris & Conventus
Dunelmensis,
& illorum, qui ibidem habitare consueverant, capellam praedictam cum suis pertinentiis capellae praenominatae quam fundaverimus, praesata auctoritate consolidavimus. Ordinavimus etiam & statuimus, ut Episcopi
Dunelmenses,
qui pro tempore fuerint, sint Patroni, Advocati, & Defensores praedicti loci, & omnium spectantium ad cundem, & quod per ipsos Magistri perpetuis temporibus instituantur, Presbyteri tamen & suo prospectu in loco praedicto residentes. Si tamen Magister aliquis sive Custos institutus in regiminé Domus negligeus fucrit, aut alias inutilis inveniatur, per Episcopum
Dunelmensem
qui pro tempore fuerit amoveatur, & idoneus sine mora Regimini Domus praeficiatur. Si vero custodum aliquis qui praedictae Domui laudabiliter praefuerit intantam debilitatem morbo incidiat vel Aetate, quod propter ipsius impotentiam Alius ibidem praeficiatur; Amotus a Regimine ex causa honesta de bonis Domus in vitae necessariis sustentetur, dum tamen aliunde non habeat unde possit sustentari, & hoc idem de Sacerdotibus observetur, qui casus inciderint antedictos. Si autem bona ad sustentationem praelibatam a nobis assignata eidem pia Fidelium consideratione praedicto loco assignanda, ad uberiora bona facienda suffecerint in Elemosinis & operibus misericordiae. Qui Regimini domus deputatus fuerit taliter studeat erogare, ut in diserati judicii examinatione ut fidelis Dispensator a Judice supremo cum electis ex fructu bonorum operum vitam capiat sempiternam. Nulli ergo homini liceat hanc Ordinationem nostram infringere, vel ei ausu temerario contraire; Si quis autem hoc attemptare praesumpserit indignationem Omnipotentis Dei & Sanctae Genetricis ejusdem, & Sanctorum confessorum
Edmundi
&
Cuthberti
& omnium Sanctorum noverit se incursurum. Et ad majorem Securitatem hujus tenoris, Nos Ergo dictam Ordinationem dicti venerabilis Patris Dom'i
Nicholai
divina gratia
Dunelmensis
Episcopi gratam & ratam in omnibus habentes ipsam sigilli nostri munimine duximus confirmandam. Teste Capitulo Nostro.
Creatio
Jo.
de
Appilby
in Magistrum Hospitalis
S. Edmundi
per
Tho. Hatfield
Dunelm' Episc.
THomas
Permissione Divina
Dunelmensis
Episcopus, dilecto nobis in Christo filio Magistro
Johanni
de
Apilby
Jurisperito salutem, gratiam & benedictionem. Tuis meritis exigentibus Nos
que
ad id moventibus Virtutum gratiis quibus te novimus insigniri, Te in Magistrum, Rectorem, & Custodem perpetuum Domus seu Hospitalis de
Gatesheved
nostrae Dioces. vacantis & ad Collationem seu Provisionem nostram pleno jure spectantis praefecimus, Te
que
per Annuli nostri traditionem praesentialiter investimus de eadem, Administrationem tibi omnium bonorum dictae Domus plenam & liberam committentes. In cujus.
— &c.
Dat' in manerio nostro de
Aukland
die
20
mensis
August, A. D. 1353.
& Consecrat. nostrae
9.
Compert' quod
Isabella
quae fuit Uxor
Joh. de Birkley
obiit seisata in Dominio suo de uno messuagio & Sexaginta acras terrae in
Kyoleche
quae tenetur de magistro Hospitalis S.
Edmundi
in
Gatesheved.
PHILIP
Bishop of
Durham,
in the Reign of
Henry
II. granted to the Burgesses of
Gateshead
several Privileges, as appears by what follows.
PHILIP
by the Grace of God Bishop of
Durham,
to all Men of the whole Bishoprick, and of his Brotherhood in all
England,
he saluteth.
Know ye, that we have granted, and by his present Deed have granted to our Burgesses of
Gatesheved,
full Liberty of Forestage, yielding in every half Year, from
Pentecost
to the Feast of St.
Martin;
for a Wheye or Ox, the which goes to Grass, 2
d.
and for a Horse 2
d.
and for every Hog 1
d.
in respect of all Things that they have to proper and necessary Uses; saving these prohibited. Neither shall it be lawful for any Forester within the Meats that are appointed within our Forest and Burrough to Tax Lands upon any Burgess, or upon any Manner of Thing of the said Borough, or upon any Oxen, or any other their Cattle, or by any Ways to hinder them, either of their Wood, Timber, or any other Things. And if any Suit or Trouble shall be between the Foresters and Burgesses, it shall be determined in the said Burrough, if it may be; if not, then in our Presence it shall be determined. And the Cattle of any Burgess shall not be carried out of the said Burrough, but there shall be replevied, if the same may be replevied. To the same Burgesses it shall be lawful to have Herbage, and lying Turfs and Bruery to their own proper Uses, wheresoever they are accustomed to have the same, so that they sell us Part thereof. And if any Burgess do dig Turfs for his Chimney, not having Oxen; if for the Leading of Turfs they shall be forced to have Oxen, nevertheless in giving for all or every Ox, which they shall need 2
d.
of Forestage, they shall be freed. And it shall be lawful for every Burgess to give Wood to whomsoever he will, to be spent about the River of
Tyne,
without any Licence; but not to sell any without Licence of the Foresters. And no Forester shall disturb any Merchandize that cometh within the said Meat. And every Burgess of
Gatesheved
shall have of his Burgage the same Liberty, which the Burgesses of
Newcastle
have of their Burgages. And whithersoever the Burgesses of
Gatesheved,
or their Cattle, shall come within our Land, in the Peace of God and Blessed St.
Cuthbert,
they shall pass, that no Man to them shall do any Injury, or any Demand or Exaction of them shall require. We do grant also to the same Burgesses, that they shall have Common of Pasture and like Parts of Feeding to all their Houses, and all Commodities which they ought to have of
Subtwell Meadows,
as they were wont to have; as in Deeds of good Memory of our Predecessors reasonably is contain'd.
IN the 7th of
Edward
VI. the Mayor and Burgesses of
Newcastle
petitioned the King, that the Town of
Gatesheved
in the County of
Durham,
adjoining to their Corporation, only the River of
Tyne
between, being populous, and without Government, and often committing many Outrages in their Town, and then got over the Water into the Town of
Gatesheved
unpunished; and that often they cast Rubbish into the River; and also that the Bridge went to Decay very much, which belonged to that Town; humbly beseeching, That his Majesty would be graciously pleased, to incorporate that Town with them, under their Government, with all its Members, and Salt-meadows, and Park; and that it might be quite taken from the County of
Durham,
and all the People therein to become subordinate to their Laws.
WHEREUPON it was enacted, the whole Town of
Gatesheved,
with the Salt-Meadows, the whole Water and Bridge, with all the Liberties thereunto belonging (except the Common which should remain to the Inhabitants) should be incorporated with
Newcastle,
and disjoined from the County of
Durham,
as
Newcastle
was from
Northumberland
by Charter,
Gardener,
p. 169.
FIRST
Mary,
so soon as Bishop
Tunstal
was created Bishop of
Durham,
he petitioned her Majesty, to restore
Gatesheved
to the County of
Durham
again, and that the said Act 7th
Edward
VI. might be repealed; and it was repealed accordingly, and enacted, that the Town of
Gatesheved
should be free from the Corporation of
Newcastle, &c. Gardener,
p. 175.
ON the same Side of the
Tyne,
a little below, are the Fields called the
Salt-Meadows.
IN going down the Water, we meet with several Staiths, such are the Staith of
Richard Ridley,
Esq
and
Matthew White,
Esq
at the Glass-House Bridge; the Staiths of
Richard Ridley,
Esq
at St.
Lawrence
and St.
Peter
's Keys, of
Walter Blacket,
Esq
and Mr.
John Wilkinson;
of
Francis Rudston,
Esq
and of
Edward Wortley Montague,
Esq
We meet also with several Keys, such are
Winkemley, Bill-Key, Willington-Key, Hebbourn-Key,
&c.
WE meet also with several Villages, such are
Dents-Hole,
St.
Anthon
's,
Snowdon
's
Hole, Howdon Panns, Jarroiv,
&c.
WHEN the Hoastmen renewed their Charter, they had Licence to send Coals above the Bill, and Mr.
Coal
procured a Shore at
Friar-Goose,
Mr.
Henry Chapman
procured a Shore upon
Hewith
-Grounds; and Mr.
Robert Brandling
with much ado got Leave to build a Shore upon his own Ground at
Fellin.
In the mean time, the Tenants of the Dean and Chapter at
Durham,
took Liberty to throw their Ashes into the River, which did much Damage to the Bar. Upon this Mr.
Leonard Carr,
and Mr.
Cuthbert Bewick
complained, and the Town caused them to lay them upon the Land, of which they have made mighty Heaps.
WHEN King
James
I. came to the Crown, he was pleased to be bountiful to his Countrymen; amongst the rest, Sir
Henry Gibb
being one of his Officers, he bestowed upon him the Lordship of
Jarrow
and he would have procured a Shore there to cast Ballast; but altho' he had the Favour of the King, yet the Town used such Means, and gave such Reasons to his Majesty and the Council, that they found it detrimental to the Town, and especially to the River, so that he was utterly hindred and disappointed.
BUT after the Death of King
Charles
I.
Thomas Bonner,
and
Robert Ellison
got in to be Magistrates; and these Men having gotten Wealth and Increase by the Rebellion, did purchase
Jarrow;
and what could not be done before in a lawful Time, they did bring to pass at this unlawful Juncture, building a Shore, and casting Ballast, to the great Detriment of the River: And having the Town at Command, Mr.
Bonner
bought St.
Anthony
's, and
Robert Ellison
bought
Hebbourn,
and there they both built Shores, and got the Allowance of the Common Council, when they were beyond Resisting: And since that, Mr.
Carr,
a Man that deserved well of his present Majesty [
CHARLES
II.] and the Town, hath procured, that his Brother
Ellison
(for old
Ellison
's Son married his Sister) should have Liberty to erect his Shore to a great Length, which in Time will utterly overthrow our Navigation; for they will damn out the In-draught, which maketh Rivers far off the Sea be walled out; it will go by, and not come in: And some ancient and discreet Masters of Ships have said,
They have not left a Birth to save their Ships in, when any Land-stood or Storm happens in the River.
Milbank.
THE next Place
Jarrow,
or
Girwy,
as it was anciently called, which is a small Village on the South Side of
Tyne,
about 4 Miles distant from
Newcastle,
famous for a Monastery of learned Men, but more so for the Birth, Life, and Death of
venerable BEDE;
so named for his singular Sanctity, who was born of mean Parents, and at seven Years of Age deliver'd to the holy Abbot St.
Benedict
to be educated in his Rule, and being come to Age he professed a Monastick Life in the Abbies of
Weremouth,
and
Girwy,
where he became by his constant Application to his Studies, so compleat a Scholar, that few in that Age, (which bred many very learned Men) were to compare to him, for he was perfectly knowing in the Greek and Latin Tongues, and no less perfect in Poetry, Rhetorick, Logick, Physicks, Metaphysikcs, Astronomy, Arithmetick, all Ecclesiastical Calculations, Musick, Geometry, Cosmography, History, Philosophy, and Divinity. In short, he had an exact Knowledge of all commendable Sciences, insomuch that
William of Malmsbury
thus describes him. He was a Man that may more worthily be admired than commended; for he was born in an extream Corner of the World, yet the Light of his Learning spread over all Parts of the Earth, he continued a most diligent Learner 'till he was thirty Years of Age, after which being ordained Priest, he betook himself to Teaching and Writing. All the Hours he had to spare from the Monastical Excerises of Prayer, and Singing in the Choirs by Day and Night (in which he was constant and very devout) he most diligently spent in his Studies, so that his Life was a continual Intercourse between Devotion and Study, he never repairing to his Study 'till he had been at Prayers, nor ever went to Prayers but from his Studies, by which continual Application he penetrated into all Sciences. In his continual Deportment he was so grave and serious, that the Title of
Venerable
was bestowed on him while he lived, and ever continued to him after his Death. It appears from History that he had at one Time those great Lights of the Church,
Alcuinus,
Preceptor to the Emperor
Charlemaign,
and
Claudius
and
Clemens,
the Founders of the Universities of
Paris
and
Pavia
for his Scholars.
THIS Character is fully verified by the Books of all Sorts of Learning writ by him. At the End of his Works he gives us a modest account of his own Life, together with a Catalogue of his Principal Works.
Henry
of
Huntington
gives us also a large Catalogue of his Writings, too long to be set down here: Yet we cannot omit some of the Principal Works,
viz.
AN incredible Number of Treatises upon all Parts of the Old and New Testament, many of which are still to be found in the
Bodleian
Library at
Oxford.
ABOVE an hundred Homilies, and many Pieces of Divinity and Devotion.
A Small Book of the Holy-Land.
A Chronicle from the Creation.
A Book of the Writers of the Church.
A Martyrology.
AN Epitome of the English History.
OF the Scituation and wonderful Things of
Great Britain.
THE Lives of many holy Men and Abbots, with many others of all Sorts of Learning.
THIS most excellent Person, being grown old in the Study of Learning, and all Christian Virtues, grew weak and decripit for a Time, and at length on the Tuesday before
Ascension,
his Distemper grew so heavy upon him, that Nature yielded to it, and he died on
Ascension
Day, in the seventy second Year of his Age; But others say the Ninetieth,
Anno
734, and was buried in his Monastery, but afterwards his Body was translated to
Durham. Magn' Brit' vol 3d,
p. 750.
NOR is it to be admired that he should become so learned in his Monastery, for in former Ages the greater Monasteries were like Universities, wherein not only Humanity, but all the Liberal Sciences, Philosophy, and Divinity were taught; in the Year 697, he received Deacons Orders from the Hands of
John
Bishop of
Hexham
afterwards called St.
John
of
Beverley,
and in the Year 706 he was ordained Priest by the same Bishop.
AMONG the several Ways of accounting for his Epithet of
Venerable,
it has always been esteemed the most pleasing, though perhaps not the most true Account, of what is said to have happened after his Death,
viz.
that one of his Scholars designing to make his Epitaph in Hexameter Verse, which began thus,
Hac sunt in Fossa,
and was willing to make it end
Presbiteri ossa;
But it would not do, at last being tired out he fell asleep, and in the Morning to his great Surprize he found it stand thus,
Hac sunt in Fossa,
Bedae
venerabilis Ossa.
Here lies entomb'd within these Stones,
Of Venerable
Bede
the Bones.
Portus
Ecfridi
sinus qui a
Tina
ad
Girwi
penetrat. Penetrabat & interius usque ad
Bilton,
pene tres Pass. millibus Super
Girwi,
quo Antiquitus & Naviculae pervenerunt. Fluviolus hunc sinum intrat.
ANNO
Higbaldi 7. (
viz.
788.)
Dum Pagani portum
Ecfridi
Regis, hoe est
Girwi,
vastantes, monasterium ad ostium
Tini
amnis depraedentur, dux corum ibidem crudeli nece interiit.
Leland
's
Collection, Vol. II. p. 328.
In
English
thus.
Ecfrid's
Haven is a Gulf which penetrates from the
Tyne
to
Girwi.
It penetrated also more inward as far as
Bilton,
almost
3000
Paces above
Girwi,
where also little Sloops or Ships formerly came. A Rivulet enters Gulf.
IN the Seventh Year of
Higbald,
(viz. 788.) whilst the Pagans laying waste the Haven of King
Ecfrid,
that is
Girvi [Jarrow]
Pillage the Monastery at the Mouth of the River
Tyne [Tinemouth],
their General there suffered a cruel Death.
DUGDALE
in his
Monasticon,
speaking of
Jarrow
Monastery, and of the Abbot St.
Benedict
allows venerable
Bede
to be educated by him, but compleated his holy Works und
Ceolfrid:
He says too, that this Monastery was so ruined by the
Danes
entering the
Tyne,
that scarce the Footsteps of it remained.
THIS Monastry was valued at the Suppression at 38
l.
14
s.
4
d.
THERE are still some Ruins of the Monastery to be seen, and upon the Church Wall, when and by whom founded, may be learnt from this Inscription, which is legible to this Day in the Church Wall.
Dedicatio Basilicae
S. Pauli VIII. K. L. Maii
Ann. XUI. Ecfridi Reg.
Ceofridi A BB. Ejusdem
que
Eccles. Deo Auctore
Conditoris Anno IIII.
NOW the great Churches when the saving Light of the Gospel began to Shine abroad in the World (for it is not impertinent to note thus much) were called
Basilicae,
because the
Basilicae
of the Gentiles, namely those stately Buildings where the Magistrates held the Courts of Justice, were converted to Churches by the Christians; whence
Ausonius, Basilica olim negotiis plena, nunc votis,
i. e. the
Basilica
full of Business heretofore, but now of Devotion or else, because they were built in an oblong Form as the
Basilicae
were.
IN the Inscription the XUI should be XU. for King
Elfrid
reigned no more than 15 Years; and so (indeed) Sir
James Ware
has given it in his Notes upon
Bede
's History of the
Abbots
of
Weremouth.
But it ought not from this Inscription to be inferred that
Ceolfrid
was the Founder of this Monastry, since it appears from
Bede
's Account, that he was only constituted first Abbot of the Place by
Benedictus Biscopus
who sent him hither (with a Colony of Seventeen Monks) from
Weremouth. Cambden
's
Britan'
p. 780 and 784.
IN this Church is to be seen a very ancient Chair which (Tradition says) was the Chair of
venerable Bede.
THE present Vicar of
Jarrow
is the Rev. Mr.
Robert Wilson.
SOME Years ago, upon the Banks of the
Tyne
was discovered a Roman Altar, the Figure and Description whereof take here as it was delivered to the Royal Society, by the ingenious and learned Dr.
Lister.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
I have, says he, in his Letter to the Royal Society, with much Trouble, got into my Hands a Piece of
Roman
Antiquity, which was but a very few Years ago discovered upon the South-bank of the River
Tyne,
near
Sheilds,
in the Bishoprick; it is a very large and fair
Roman
Altar, of one intire Stone; but after all my Cost and Pains, I am very sorry to find the Inscription very ill defaced, and much of it is not legible, and I believe it has been also much mishandled by those who have endeavoured to read it; whereas if the Remainder of the Letters had been exactly measured, and the Face blacked, and lightly washed off again, as in Prints, some Things more might have been spelled.
As to the Nature of the Stone itself, it is of a coarse Rag, the same with that of the Pyramids at
Burrow-Briggs;
it is four Foot high, and was ascended to by Steps, which appeareth in all the Sides; but the Front has two Square-holes near the Bottom, which let in the Irons that joined it to the Steps.
I have carefully designed it on all its Sides, and given the Plan of the Top also, which if you please, we will survey in Order.
1. THE Back-side, opposite to the Inscription, on which is engraven in Bass-Relief, a Flower-Pot, furnished I suppose, with what best pleased the Stone-Cutter; for these Men needed not be more curious than the Priests themselves, who were wont to make Use of Herbs next Hand, to adorn the Altars, and therefore
Verbenae
is put for any Kind of Herb; yet if we will have it resemble any Thing with us, I think it is most like, if not truly
Nymphaea,
a known and common River Plant.
2. ONE of the Sides; which is somewhat narrower than the Front or Back, On this are engraved in Bass-Relief, the cutting Knife
(Cecespita)
and the Ax
(securis);
the Knife is exactly the same with that on the other Altar, formerly by me mentioned in the Philosophical Collections of Mr.
Hook;
but the Ax is different, for here it is headed with a long and crooked Point, and there the Head of the Ax is divided into three Points.
3. The other Side, on which are engraved after the same Manner, an Eure
(Urceolus)
and a Ladle which serves for a
Sympullum.
This I call rather a Laddle than a Mallet, it being perfectly Dish-wife, and hollow in the Middle, altho'
Cambden
is of another Opinion in that elegant Sculpt of the
Cumberland
Altar; and the very same Utensil I have seen and noted on the
Ickley
Altar, which is yet extant at
Middleton-Grange,
near that Town; but the Stone which
Cambden
says supports a Pair of Stairs there (as at this Day it does in the very Road) is but an ill Copy of it, and not the Original.
4. THE Plan of the Top, which is cut in the Figure of a Bason (
Disons
or
Lana
) with
Ansae
on each Side, consisting of a Pair of Links of a Chain, which rest upon, and fall over two Rowles; and this was the Hearth.
5. THE Front, which hath an Inscription in nine Lines in
Roman
Letters, each Letter a little more than two Inches deep of our Measure, now remaining as in the prefixed Sculpture, Fig. 5. which I would read thus:
Dis, Deabusque Matribus, pro Salute M. Aurelii Antonii Augusti Imperatoris votum solvit lubens merito ob reditum.
The
Deae Matres
are well interpreted by
Seldon.
It is much his Safety and Return both vowed, should be so separated in the Inscription; but I have not
Gruter
by me, to compare this with the like.
Caracalla
say the Historians,
Ziphilinus, Herodianus, &c.
after his Father's Death at
York,
took upon him the Command of the Army alone, and the whole Empire; he went alone against the Enemy, who were the
Caledonii,
inhabiting beyond the Wall which his Father had built, he made Peace with them, received their Hostages, slighted their fortified Places, and returned. And this seems to be confirmed by the Inscription; for undoubtedly, upon this last Expedition alone, without his Brother
Gera
and Mother, was this Altar erected to him alone, at a Place about two Stations on this Side the Wall; so that the Vow might be as well understood of his Return from this Expedition, as for his Sasety and Return to
Rome,
which methinks should be true, or his Mother and Brother
Geta
would scarce have been left out, at least so early, for yet the Army declared for them both, according to their Father's Will.
FURTHER, it seems also to have been erected by those who flattered him, and who were afterwards killed by him; and for this Reason, the Persons who dedicated it, seem to me to be Purposely defaced, the sixth and seventh Lines of the Inscription being designedly cut away by the Hollowness of them, and there not being the least Sign of any Letter remaining. And this I suppose might be Part of their Disgrace, as it was usual to deface and break the Statues and Monuments of Persons executed, of which this Monster made strange Havock; and since worn Inscriptions admit of various Readings, because some Letters are worn out, and some more legible, whereby unprejudiced People may conceive them diversly; I will therefore tell you another reading, Part of these two first Lines, which I do not disallow, but that it will agree well enough with the History of
Severus,
tho' his
Apotheosis,
or solemn Dedication was not performed till he came to
Rome,
in the Manner of which funeral Pomp
Herodian
is very large; it was of that excellent Antiquary Dr.
Johnson
of
Pomfret.
CONSERVATO RI. B. PRO SAL.
&c.
Which shews the Height of Flattery of those Times; so that they paid their Vows to the lately dead Father the Conservator of
Britain,
for the Safety of the Son: And the Story tells us, how gladly he would have had him made a God long before, even with his own Hands.
Cambden Britan.
in the Additions to
Durham,
p. 784.
BELOW this are the Towns of
Shields,
one on the
North
Side of the River, and the other on the South. That on the
North
Side in the Reign of
Edward
the 1st, (when the Contest was between the Town of
Newcastle,
and the Prior of
Tinmouth
) was a Place where only 5 or 6 Fisherman had their Cottages, and it's but of late Years that it became a large Town and so populous. The Church-belonging to this Place was begun to be built in 1659.
SOUTH
Shields
is more famous for making Salt than North
Shields,
there being much the greater Number of Salt Pans; it is also a pretty large Town, and has a Church which going to decay, is about to be rebuilt. It is a Chapelry to
Jarrow,
and dedicated to St.
Hilda.
WE come now to the Mouth of the River
Tyne,
which is a Haven so deep as to carry Vessels of a considerable Burthen, and of that Security, that they are not in Danger either of Storms or Shallows, save that within less than half a Mile of the Bar of
Tinmouth,
(which is a Sand that lies cross the River's Mouth, not above 7 Foot deep at Low-Water) you meet with many Rocks which are called by the Sailors the
Black Middens,
which are very dangerous, but to prevent any Mischiefs which may happen to them in the Night Time, there are two Light-houses, maintained by the
Trinity-house
in
Newcastle,
and near them in the Year 1672, was built a Fort, called
Clifford
's
-Fort,
which effectually commands all the Vessels that enter the River.
LELAND
in the 4th Volume of his Collections, gives us the following most valuable Remark of a Roman Station on the South Side of the
Tyne,
the Place of the Birth of King
Oswyn,
for says he.
E Regione Tinemuthae suit Urbs vastata a
Danis
Ursa nomine, Ubi natus erat
Oswinus
Rex.
TINMOUTH
called by the
Britains, Pen Ball Cragg. i. e.
the Head of the Rampire upon the Rock, from whence some maintain, that the Ditch reached as far as this Place, if the Wall did not; Mr.
Cambden
says, that he will not gainsay this Opinion, but adds, that he dares confidently Affirm, that this Place in the Time of the
Romans
was called
Tunacellum,
which signifies as much as the Promontory of
Tuna
or
Tina,
where the first Cohort (called
Aelia Classica,
because it was first raised by
Aelius Hadrianus,
as the Name seems to import) was in pay for Sea Service; for the
Romans
had their
Naves Lusoriae,
or light Frigates in their border Rivers both for the suppressing the Excursions of the neighbouring Enemy, and making Incursions upon him, as may be seen in the
Codex Theodosii,
under the Title
De Lusoriis Danubii, i. e.
Light Vessels on the
Danube.
UNDER the
Saxon
Heptarchy this Place was called
Tunaceltep,
not as
Bede
affirms, from the Abbot
Tunna,
a mere romantick Story, which, if we recommend to the Reader, it must be only for his Diversion, and not for any Truth in it, but from it's Situation on the River
Tyne.
Here was anciently a little Monastery, which was frequently plundered by the
Danes,
while the
Saxons
ruled.
Magn. Britan. p.
693.
AFTER the Decease of
Oswyn,
those that had killed him brought his Body to the Mouth of the River
Tyne,
and there buried it in the Oratory of St.
Mary
's, in the Year 631.
IN this Place a Number of illustrious Persons had gathered together, who in a regular Order attended divine Worship; who thereby acquired such Honour and Esteem, that when any one died of more than ordinary Reputation, whose Funeral was to be solemnized with more than common Honour, he was usually buried here.
THIS Monastery was destroyed by
Hinguar
and
Hubba.
The Monks through Fear of Persecution, fled to a certain little Church of their own, which St.
Cuthbert
had dedicated; but the
Danes
finding them out, burnt it and all that were in it.
AFTER that
William
the Conqueror had given to
Robert Mowbray
the County of
Northumberland,
the Earl shewed a deal of Respect to St.
Oswyn,
and the Church he was buried in (for the Church was founded within the Precincts of his Castle). He gifted it with a Number of Lands, and placed in it Monks which came from St.
Albans,
and yet it is said by some that
Tosti
Earl of
Northumberland
laid the Foundation of this Monastery; but it's much more probable it was the former, because he brought the Monks from St.
Albans;
but it will appear a great deal more likely when we come to the following Grant or Charter of
William Rufus,
for making of it a Cell to
Willielmus Rex Anglorum T. Archiepiscopo & W. Dunelmensi Episcopo, & omnibus Baronibus suis Francis & Anglis salutem. Sciatis me dedisse & concessisse Deo & Sancto
Albano
Ecclesiam de
Tynmotha
& omnia quae ad eam pertinent in terris & Decimis & consuetudinibus in
Nort
de
Tyne
& in
Suth
de
Tyne,
& in Anglia, cum omnibus quae
Robertus
Comes
Northumberland,
& sui homines dederant sancto
Oswino
antiquam mihi soris factus esset. Et volo & precipio ut Sanctus
Albanus
habeat praedictam Ecclesiam cum omnibus ad eam pertinentibus cum pace & honore & omni
consuetudine
jure perpetuo Testibus
Eudone Dapifew,
&
P.
de
Valonis,
apud
Novum Castrum.
St.
Albans,
because that he says,
cum omnibus quae
Robertus
Comes
Northumberland
& Homines sui dederant sancto
Oswino,
&c.
KING
Henry
I. confirmed all that had been given to this Monastery, that is, what had been given by
Robert Mowbray,
namely, the Tythes of
Colebridge, Ovington, Wylam, Newburn, Dissington, Calverdon, Elstwye, Bothall, Werkworth, Anebell, Roubyr,
and
Wullour.
DAVID
King of
Scots
in a Charter dated in the Year 1138, granted to the Church of St.
Mary
and St.
Oswyn,
the Martyr of
Tynemouth,
and all belonging thereto his Peace for ever, the Peace of his Son, and that of all his Servants, threatning all those who should act otherwise with the Loss of his Favour for ever; on Condition the Religious of this Monastery prayed for the Souls of his Father and Mother, and of King
Alexander
his Brother, who to this Church had granted a firm Peace, and for the Soul of
Matilda
Queen of
England,
his Sister, and for the Souls of all his Ancestors and Successors.
KING
Henry
II. gave to it
Egleringham, Bewick
and
Lilleburn.
KING
John
confirmed to this Church all their Possessions, being the Town of
Tinmouth, Seaton, Preston, Chirton,
and another
Chirton, Millington, Whitley, Erdeston, Backwell,
and another
Backwell, Seghal, Morton, Bebesete, Disslington,
and another
Disslington, Wulsington, Bewick, Egelingham, Lilleburn, Anibel, Hovekslaw, Estwick, Wylum, Weltedane,
and Half the Town of
Copun, Carleberry,
and
Morton
in
Haliwerkstock,
and the Land of
Royely,
and
Demuni;
also the Churches of
Tinmouth, Wodeburn, Whalton, Bolum, Bewick, Egelingham, Kertburn,
and
Cunesline;
likewise
Hereford
upon
Blyth,
and the Tithe of
Hyrenes, Middleton
upon
Theyse, Corbigg, Rouber, Werkewuril, Wollour,
and
Newburn,
with all the Mills.
THE Grant of
Richard Bertram
confirms the Grant of the Tithe of
Bothal.
The Charter of King
Edward
III. restores and confirms to this Monastery all its Privileges, Immunities, and Possessions.
Dugdale
p. 42.
THIS Monastery being afterwards fortified, and turned into a strong Hold, was called
Tinmouth
-Castle; which Name it still bears, and as such, glories both of its Stateliness and Strength; (for as an ancient Author speaks) it is inaccessibly seated upon a very high Rock towards the Ocean on the East and North, and elsewhere, so well mounted, that a slender Garrison may make it good. For this Reason,
Robert Mowbray,
Earl of
Northumberland,
when he practised with certain Noblemen to dethrone
William Rufus
(because he had not rewarded him according to his Expectation, for slaying
Malcom
King of
Scots,
and his Son) but was set upon by the King before Things were ripe for Rebellion, chose this Castle for his chief Hold, and maintained it for some Time against the King and his Forces; but being at length brought into great Straits by the Besiegers (as Rebels seldom meet with Success) he fled, and betook himself to the adjoining Monastery, which was accordingly commonly reputed an holy and inviolable Sanctuary; nevertheless he was carried off thence, and afterwards, in a long and noisome Imprisonment, justly suffered Death for his Treason.
Magn. Britan.
Vol. 3. p. 694.
JOHN of
Whethamstede,
thirty third Abbot of St.
Albans,
was so called from the Place of his Birth, a Village near St.
Albans;
but the Name of his Family was
Bostock;
he was a Monk of the Priory of
Tinmouth,
and gave, after he came to be Abbot, a Chalice of pure Gold, and of great Weight, to that Priory; his Character can't be better drawn up, than in
Stephen
's Monasticon, from whence we have this Account:
Contegit iste lapis venerabilis ossa
Joannis
Wethamstede,
Abbas hic qui fuit ejus in annis,
Ter doctus, doctos & amans, &c.
That is:
This Stone covers the Bones of the Venerable
John Wethamstede,
who was Abbot here in his Time, most learned, a Lover of learned Men, and kind to them.
He did not connive at any Faults in the Clergy; he was as zealous as
Phineas
against lewd Persons, and as
John
against Adulterers, and even as
Peter
against Simoniacks. He was so great a Repairer of old tatter'd Houses and Marks, that none past exceeded him in that Particular, or is there any equal to him. He is recorded to have left behind him Ten thousand Marks clear. Do you the Convent of St.
Albans
hourly pray for the Soul of him that loved you.
THIS famous Monastery, which was of the
Benedictines
Order, and consisted of a Prior and fifteen Monks, was suppress'd
Jan.
12th, in the 30th
Henry
VIII. It was valued at 397
l.
10
s.
5
d. per annum.
KING
Henry
VIII. converted the Castle into a Defence and Fortification against foreign Invasions.
THE Ruins of the Monastery are still to be seen in the Castle, near which also was the Parish-Church; but that being gone much to Decay, and the Parishioners in the late Civil Wars being often debarred of the Liberty of a free Resort to it, another was begun to be re-built in the Year 1659; and being afterwards finished, was consecrated by Bishop
Cosins
in the Year 1668. In the former Church we may suppose it was, where
Malcom
King of
Scots,
slain with his Son
Edward
Prince of
Scotland,
by
Robert Mowbray
Earl of
Northumberland,
was buried. This King
Malcom
had barbarously plundered and ravaged these Northern Parts five Times, once in
Edward
the Confessor's Days, twice in the Conqueror's, and twice in
William Rufus
's; in the last of which Invasions he met with his Fate, by that just Providence, who often retaliates Wrongs in the Place they are done, as he found; for he was killed in this Country, where he had slain and destroyed many: But King
William
did not prosecute his Revenge further, as he might have done with Success, but established his Son on his Throne, notwithstanding the Endeavours and Design of his Uncle
Donald
to deprive him of it, which he had done, had not King
William
aided him to obtain it.
JOHN
of
Tinmouth
was born in this Town, and is said to have been the Vicar of it, but afterwards became a
Benedictine Monk
in the Abbey of St.
Albans;
he was a most virtuous Person, and excellently learned, entirely addicted to the Study of the Holy Scriptures, and of sacred History. He gathered the Lives and Actions of the Saints of
England, Wales, Scotland
and
Ireland,
with great Judgment and indefatigable Labour, which Work he entituled,
Sanctilogium servorum Dei,
i. e.
The sacred History of the Servants of GOD.
Nor did he deserve less Commendation for his Expositions of the Holy Scripture, in which he not only explains the literal Sense, but the moral, allegorical, and tropological; his Commentaries were upon all the Books from
Genesis
to the
Kings
inclusive. He wrote also other Books, as
Church-Lessons, The Golden History,
and a
Supplement
to the same, an
Appendix
to his
Martyrology,
&c. He flourished about the Year 1366.
THE Church has perhaps been a Building of as much Art and Curiosity, as any one in the whole Kingdom; nay, when we behold it at present, in the Midst of Ruins, we are struck with Aw, and the utmost Veneration; whether it is a Reflection on the extensive Charity of ancient Days, the surprizing Fineness of the Masonry, or whether there is something naturally moving in those ancient Remains; but so it is, that it never fails to command a solemn Aw, and a silent Commiseration.
TINMOUTH
at present is a pretty large Village, and is much resorted to in the Summer-Season, it having the Prior's Haven in it, which is a most convenient retired Place for Bathing.
CHAP. XIV.
Of the Government of the Town.
W HATEVER Government was in this Town in the Times of the
Saxons
and
Danes;
it is certain, after the Conquest it was governed by Bailiffs; for tho' the Castle had Privileges of its own, yet it left those of the Town as they were, and without any Damage, as shall by and by be shewn. In the mean Time let us consider a few Things relating to this Place.
1066.
TOSTON,
Earl of
Northumberland,
Son of the great Earl
Godwin,
and Brother of
Harold,
having by his great Cruelties and many Acts of Injustice highly exasperated the
Northumbrians,
they took up Arms against him, and expelled him
Northumberland,
in 1063, in the Reign of
Edward
the Confessor.
Harold
being ordered to go and chastize them, and restore his Brother, and understanding that they had no design of withdrawing their Obedience from the King, but only from an unjust and cruel Governour, who exercised over them a Tyrannical Power, he not only interceeded for their Pardon, but procur'd them
Morkard,
Son of
Alfgar,
Duke of
Mercia,
for their Governour.
Toston,
highly incensed at his Brother's Proceedings, and not having it in his Power to vent his Fury on him, he turned it on some of his Domesticks, whom he caused to be cut in Pieces, then to be barrel'd up, and sent to his Brother for a Present. After so barbarous an Action, not daring to stay any longer in
England,
he retired into
Flanders
to Earl
Baldwin
his Father-in-law. Upon
Harold
's being made King, after the Death of
Edward, Toston,
in 1066, with some Ships, probably given him by the Earl of
Flanders,
infested the
English
Coasts, and plunder'd the Isle of
Wight.
From whence he went and landed some Troops at
Sandwich;
but being inform'd the King was marching towards him, he set sail for the
North,
and entring the
Humber
with his little Fleet, he made a descent on
Yorkshire,
and committed vast Ravages. But
Morkard
coming upon him unawares, being then got into
Lincolnshire,
put his little Army to Flight, and compelled him to betake himself to his Ships: Being drove by contrary Winds on the Coasts of
Norway,
he applied himself to
Harold Harfager
King of that Country, and by many Arguments represented to him how easy it was to conquer
England,
and add that Crown to his own. The King of
Norway,
whose Ambition was easily persuaded by the other's Arguments, accompanied with Earl
Toston,
put to Sea with a Fleet of 500 Sail, and entered the
Tyne.
After having sack'd the Countries on both Sides the
Tyne,
they put to Sea, and entring the
Humber,
landed their Forces on the North Side, and ravag'd the Country with iriexpressible Cruelties.
Harold
march'd against them with all the Expedition possible, and came up with them at
Stanford-bridge,
on the River
Derwent,
a little below
York.
Here a most bloody Battle was sought, which lasted from seven in the Morning 'till three in the Afternoon, wherein
Harfager
and
Toston
were both slain, and
Harold
obtain'd a compleat Victory. This Battle was fought
October
5th, 1066, but nine Days before the Battle at
Hastings. Vide Malmsbury
and
M. Paris.
WILLIAM
the Conqueror laid waste the whole Province of
Northumberland. Sax. Chron.
p. 174.
1069
MALCOLME,
King of
Scots,
came into
England
with a great Army,
1079
and laid waste the Land of the
Northumbrians,
as far as the River
Tyne,
and slew many Hundreds of Men; and carried of them to their Own Country a great deal of Riches and Treasure, beside Captives.
Gib. Sax. Chron.
p. 180.
THE Castle was founded as has been before observed by
Robert
the Son of the Conqueror.
1080
ROBERT Mowbray
Earl of
Northumberland,
revolting against King
William Rufus,
the King went and besieged him in
Banborrough
Castle.
1095
Sometime after,
Mowbray
going out upon a false Information, had the Misfortune to fall into the
Hands
of the Besiegers.
Odericus Vitalis
says, Some
Soldiers
belonging to
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
promis'd to give him Entrance into that Town, if he would come thither privately with a few Followers. Upon which he went out one Night with 30
Soldiers,
but being betrayed by his own Men, was pursued and taken by the Garrison of
Malvoisin,
i. e.
bad Neighbour,
being a Fortress built by the King near
Banborrough,
and so called by him, because it took away all Possibility of throwing any Succours into the Castle.
IN this King's Reign,
Malcolme
III. King of
Scotland,
came to
Gloucester
to the King, to commune with him about sundry Matters, that related to the Peace of both Realms; but not being received and entertained in the pompous Manner he expected; he returned into his own Nation in Displeasure, and immediately getting his Army together, entred
England,
and destroyed the Country as far as
Alnwick
Castle, which he besieged and so straightned, that it was upon the very Point of Surrendering; a Soldier having promised to deliver up the Keys upon the Top of his Spear, which while he pretended to do, he stabbed the King with it. At the same Time
Robert Mowbray,
Earl of
Northumberland,
lay in Ambush for the Return of the
Scots,
who upon the Loss of their King, lest the Siege, and being going homeward fell into the Ambush, and were many of them slain, and amongst them
Edward
Prince of
Scotland.
Thus did Providence revenge upon King
Malcolme,
the many Ravages and Cruelties he had exercised upon the
English,
in this King's, his Father's, and the Confessor's Reign. He was buried at
Tinmouth,
and his Son by the Aid of
William Rufus
obtained his Throne.
Magn' Britan. Vol.
III.
p.
623.
AGAS,
Mother to
Margaret,
Queen of
Scotland,
and
Christian,
her Sister, became Nuns at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
after that King
Malcolme
was killed at
Alnwick.
WILLIAM
King of
Scots
entred into
England,
having many
Flemings
with him, and won the Castles of
Appelby
and
Burgh,
and after he won
Prudehow
Castle,
Robert
de
Stoteville, Randolph
de
Mandeville, Bernard Baliol,
(of whom
Bernard
's Castle took it's Name) and
William
de
Vesy,
came to
Newcastle,
and took King
William
Prisoner, and sent him to
London;
and King
Henry
took
William
with him into
Normandy,
and imprisoned him in
Roan.
KING
William
was afterwards delivered at
York
for the Ransom of 4000
l.
— Souldiers of the King's going with him again towards
Scotland,
fought with the Commons of the Town of
Newcastle
at the
Very Bridge
for certain Displeasures; and there was Sir
John Perith,
Knt. slain, and other Esquires belonging to the Constable and Marshal.
Leland
's
Coll. Vol.
II.
p.
531, 532, 533, 550.
1136
IN the Second Year of King
Stephen,
many of the
English
out of hatred to him secretly invited
David
King of
Scotland,
to revenge the Injuries done to the Empress
Matilda,
who was his Neice, and to whose Succession both
Stephen
himself, and he, had sworn in the Reign of her Father,
Henry
the first, upon which
David
suddenly invaded the Frontiers, and as the Chronicle of
Mailross
acquaints us, miserably waisted all
Northumberland,
and took both
Carlisle
and
Newcastle,
which he filled with Garrisons. Against those King
Stephen
marched with a powerful Army; and concerning this War, there are divers Reports, yet all agree, that in no long Time, a Peace was concluded, by which
David
still enjoy'd
Carlisle,
and his Son
Henry
the Earldom of
Huntington,
for which he did Homage to King
Stephen;
but his Father refused to do the same, alledging, that he had already given his Faith to the Empress
Matilda. Eachard.
Oct.
25th, 1154, the King dy'd, and was succeeded by
Hen.
II.
1156
THIS King made at
Chester
a very Advantageous Treaty with
Malcolm,
King of
Scotland,
who yielded up to him
Carlisle, Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and
Bamborough
-Castle, resting satisfied with the Earldom of
Huntington,
which Prince
Henry
his Father had held.
Paris. Hovden.
The Restitution of these Places, says
Rapin,
was doubtless no more than what was just; since
David,
Grandfather to
Malcolme,
had caused them to be adjudg'd to him by Treaties, at a Time when
Stephen
minded more his own private Interest, than the publick Good of the Kingdom; but in all Appearance,
Henry
's great Power contributed more than any Thing else to the bringing the King of
Scotland,
to this Temper.
AFTER these Things, we meet with some Accounts of this Place; for we are told, that King
Henry
II. confirm'd their Estates to them, and exempted them from Tolls and Duties: It is therefore a Mistake in some, who say, the Town had no Privileges till the Reign of King
John.
And besides, in the third of King
John
's Reign, which was above ten Years before the Town had a Charter from that King, the Town had great Privileges; for the Men of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
(as is mentioned in that Year in the great Roll of
Northumberland
) paid 100 Marks and 2 Palfreys: So having the Town in their Hands by the
old Farm,
to wit (as is there said) 50
l.
and 10
s.
of Increase, for Confirmation of their Liberties, which they had by the Charter of
Henry
the King's Father.
De reb. Novocast.
1173
IN the Controversy between King
Henry
II. and his ungrateful Son
Henry, Roger Mowbray
and
Hugh Bigot
procured
William
King of
Scots
to invade
England;
upon which the
Scots
King laid Siege to
Carlisle;
but not taking it in so short a Time as he expected, he past into
Northumberland,
which (as the
Mailross
Chronicle inform us) he destroy'd in a great Measure, and butcher'd Numbers of its Inhabitants. After this he sat down before
Alnwick,
with a Design to take it; in the mean Time,
Robert de Stateville, Ralph Glanvel, William Vesy, Bernard Baliol,
and
Ordinet Umfreville,
who lay then at
Newcastle
with a Force of 400 Men, heard that the
Scots
King besieged this Town; whereupon they resolved to try the Chance of War, and raise the Siege; but before they could arrive there, the
Scots
King despairing to take it, broke up the Siege, and suffer'd his Men to plunder the open Country. Whilst they were doing this, the
English
came suddenly upon them, and after a short Resistance, took the King of
Scots
himself, and some others, and returned to
Newcastle
with a triumphant Joy.
Mag. Brit. Vol.
3.
p.
624.
THE King dy'd
July
6th, and was succeeded by his Son
Richard.
1189
HUGH de Pudsey
Bishop of
Durham,
1192
created Earl of
Northumberland,
the 8th of that Honour.
THIS Bishop died
March
the 3d.
1195
PHILIP de Pictavia,
or of
Poitiers,
a Favourite of King
Richard,
1195
was elected in his Stead,
December
30th, 1195, and was this Year,
May
the 12th, consecrated by the Pope.
ON
April
the 6th, the King died, and was succeeded by his Brother
John.
1199
PHILIP
Bishop of
Durham
died;
1207
he was a great Heartner of the King against the Pope, for which the Pope excommunicated him, together with the King. He died before he was absolv'd,
April
22d. This Bishop by the Licence of King
Richard,
set up a Mint at
Durham
1196, and began to coin Money.
KING
John
commanded
William
King of
Scots,
1209
to meet him at
Newcastle,
and they met each other at
Boyelton.
Then the King of
Scots
went on, and the King of
England
came as far as
Norham;
and in going and returning, bore his own Expences at
Alnwick.
A little after they both came to
Newcastle,
where they had a Conference; but they parted, without doing the Business they came about.
THIS King in the 14th Year of his Reign,
1212
granted and confirmed to the Burgesses of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and to their Heirs, the Town and all Things belonging to it, to
Fee-farm
(on Condition that they paid him and his Heirs an hundred Pounds
per annum, viz.
at
Easter
50
l.
and the other 50 at the Feast of St.
Michael
) except the Rents, Prizes, and Leases, in the Part of the said Town, which he reserved for himself. He
Praetere concessimus eis, & charta nostra confirmamus pro nobis & haeredibus nostris centum & decem solid. &c. ad dividendum & assignandum illis qui reditus suos amiserunt occasione Fossati & novae Operationis factae subter Castrum versus aquam,
&c.
Lib. Cart. p. 1.
also granted to them an hundred and ten Shillings and Sixpence of Rent of Escheat, to be divided amongst those People who lost their Rents, on account of the Ditch and the new Work, which was carried on under the Castle towards the River. This was order'd to be so divided, that they were to receive of it in Proportion to their Loss; those who had received the greater Loss, were to receive more; and those less, who had less Damage.
THE same Charter also exempts the good Men of the Town of
Newcastle
from the Power of the Sheriff or Constable, in Matters relating to themselves. He gave them also many other Immunities and Privileges for their faithful Services to him (as his Charter to them expresses) among which this was one, that no Burgess of the Town of
Newcastle
should be seized without the said Burgh for the Non-payment of any Dobt, unless he was the capital Debtor.
ALEXANDER
King of
Scots
with his whole Army, on the 17th Calends of
November,
began to besiege
Norham
-Castle;
1215
they continu'd the Siege 40 Days, and then returned Home
re insectâ.
15 KALENDS this same King took Homage of the Barons of
Northumberland
at
Felton,
which was so resented by the King,
1216
that he came with an Army, and wasted
Northumberland
with Fire and Sword, and some of the Southern Parts of
Scotland.
On the 3d of the Ides of
January,
he burnt the Village of
Werk,
on the 5th he burnt
Alnwick;
on the 7th he burnt
Mitford
and
Morpeth;
on the 17th Kalends of
February,
he burnt
Roxburgh,
&c.
Chron. de Mailross.
THIS Year the King died, after a very troublesome Reign, and was succeeded in the Throne by
Henry
his eldest Son, who was only nine Years old when he was crown'd at
Gloucester,
which was on
October
the 3d.
Henry III.
THE See of
Durham
was long void after the Death of
Philip;
but
Richard de Marisco,
1217
Lord Chancellor of
England,
Dean of
Salisbury,
and Archdeacon of
Northumberland,
an old Courtier, was this Year thrust into the See by
Gualo
the Pope's Legate, and consecrated by the Archbishop of
York, June
22.
1226
He died at
Peterborrow
-Abbey
May
the 1st, as he was travelling to
London.
1228
RICHARD Poor,
Bishop of
Salisbury,
was translated to
Durham;
he was a Man of rare Learning in those Times, and of notable Integrity for his Life and Conversation. Being apprehensive of his Death, he preached to his People, and acquainted them with it for 2 Days together, and then setting his House in order he went to his Prayers; and as
Mat. Paris
tells us, when he came unto these Words,
in pace in id ipsum Dormiam & Requiescam,
he gave up the Ghost. He dy'd
April
15, 1237.
1234
THE King confirmed to the Burgesses of this Town, whatsoever had been granted to them by his Father King
John.
His Charter to them is dated at
Westminster, July
the 2d.
1236
THE King of
England
and
Alexander
King of Scots had a Conference at
Newcastle.
Chron.
de Mailros.
1239
THE King by his Letters Patents under the Great Seal of
England,
dated at
Westminster, Dec.
1, upon the Good Men of the Town of
Newcastle
's Supplication, gave them Licence to dig Coals and Stones in the Common Soil of that Town, in the Place called
Castlefield
and the
Frith.
THIS King was petitioned again by the Burgesses of this Place, to grant them all the Stones and Coals belonging to the
Frith,
which was granted them.
1241
NICHOLAS de Farnham
made Bishop of
Durham.
1244
AT this Time there were in the Court of
England
many seditious Persons, who endeavoured to break the Peace of the 2 Sister Kingdoms, particularly one
Walter Bisset,
who infused the Poison of Dissention into the Breast of King
Henry,
and the Lord
Ingelram,
whose Daughter
Alexander
King of
Scots,
had married. The
Chron. de Mailros.
King of
England
had got as far as
this Town
with his Army and the King of
Scots
as far as
Pontisland
with his Army. But they came to no Battle: For at the Instance chiefly of the Archbishop of
York,
and some of the Nobility, a Peace was agreed upon at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
on the Eve of the Assumption. Before we leave this, it must not be forgot what
Rapin
takes Notice of, that
Alexander
submitted to the same Homage, that he himself and his Ancestors had paid, and a good Understanding between the two Kings was perfectly restor'd. Before they parted, a Marriage was agreed upon between
Alexander
's eldest Son of the same Name with himself, and
Margaret, Henry
's eldest Daughter.
The King's Letter upon it.
REX omnibus,
&c.
Salutem. — Noverit Universitas vestra quòd Sacramentum, quod dilectus Frater & Fidelis noster
Richardus
Comes
Pictaviae & Cornubiae
fecit apud
Novum Castrum
super
Tinam,
pro pactionibus, inter nos & Regem
Scotiae;
factis, ibidem confirmandis, idem Comes praedictum Sacramentum fecit per praeceptum nostrum. Et ei firmiter praecipimus quod dictum sacramentum suum inviolabiliter observet. Teste Rege apud
Novum Castrum
super
Tinam, 13
die Augusti.
Rymer Foeder. Tom. 1. p. 429.
THE
Tyne Bridge
and a great Part of the Town was burnt.
Mat. Paris.
1248.
NICHOLAS Farnham
obtain'd Licence of the Pope to resign his Bishoprick.
1249.
WALTER
de
Kirkham
made Bishop in his Room.
1250.
MAYORS
and
BAILIFFS.
Anno Christi.
Mayors.
Bailiffs.
Henry
III. 1251.
Petrus Scott
Hen.
de
Karle
Tho.
de
Merchingle
Steph.
de
Lindesey
Robt.
de
Galesmith
This Year the Town of
Newcastle
had it's first Mayor,
viz. Peter Scott.
The Word Mayor signifies the chief Magistrate of a City. It was anciently called
Meyr,
from the British Word
Miret,
i. e.
Custodire
to keep or protect.
Richard I.
Anno
1189,
chang'd the Bailiffs of
London
into a Mayor. The Bailiffs of this Town were not changed 'till this Year. The 1st Mayor, Sir
Peter Scott,
was a very wealthy Person. He was the Founder, together with his Son, Sir
Nicholas Scott,
of the Monastery of the
Black-Fryers,
in this Town.
1252.
The same.
The same.
1253.
The same.
Henry
de
Karle
Tho.
de
Karle
Roger
de
Finctor
Adam Clircus
1254.
Hen. Carleiol.
Robert
de
Waletus
Tho.
de
Carleol
Nich'
de
Wainford
Nicholas Scott
1255.
The same.
Richard
de
Layhaye
Barthol' Clircus
Tho.
de
Karle, Jun'
Walter
de
Ponte
1256.
The same.
The same.
1257.
The same.
Nich. Scot
Adam Clircus
Tho.
de
Murchingle
Johan. Sant
1258.
The same.
The same.
1259.
The same.
Tho.
de
Karle
Joan. Withowle
Ada.
de
Blagedene
John Sant
1260.
The same.
The same.
Walter
de
Kirkham
Bishop of
Durham
dy'd in the Month of
August.
He was Bishop
11
Years, and was succeeded by
Robert Stichell.
1261.
The same.
The same.
1262.
The same.
Ada. Clircus
Ada.
de
Blagedene
Nich. Scott
William Tunock
1263.
The same.
The same.
This Year a Blazing Star appeared, and continued for the Space of three Months. In a Charter dated the 49th of
Henry III.
we have an Account that the Town's Seal was impress'd upon
Green-Wax,
and that the Inscription was,
SVP TINAM ✚ COMMVNE SIGILLVM NOVI CASTRI. *
Smith,
M. S.
1264.
Tho. Carleol
Rob. Mitford
Joannes
de
Flemming
Hen.
de
Scott
Hen.
de
Burneton.
1265.
The same.
The same.
1266.
The same.
The same.
1267.
The same.
Joan. Filius Rogeri
John Flemming
Hen. Scot
Hen. de Burton
1268.
The same
The same.
1269.
Nich. Scott
Hen.
de
Karle
Ada.
de
Blagedene
Tho.
de
Karle
Tho. de Karle
Jun.
1270.
The same
The same.
1271.
Tho.
de
Karle
Hug. de Merchingle
Robert
de
Lindsay
Tho. de Karle
Jun.
The King died this Year, and Prince
Edw.
who was just return'd from the
Holy Land
was crowned in
August
following.
1272.
The same
The same.
Edward I. 1273.
The same.
Hugo
de
Merchingle
Hen.
de
Burneton
Tho.
de
Jun'
Rob.
de
Lindisay
Robert Stichell,
Bishop of
Durham
died
August
the 4th, and was succeeded the same Year by
Robert
de
Insula.
1274
The same.
John
de
Flemming
Jo. Santmarays
Ad.
de
Blagedene
Rich.
de
Lay-hay
Great Earthquakes, Lightnings and Thunderings with a Blazing Star, and a Comet in the Appearance of a great Dragon, which made many Men afraid.
Town's List.
1275
Joan. filius Rogeri
Rob.
de
Mitford
Joan.
de
Darnton
On St.
Nicholas
Even were great Earthquakes, Lightnings, and Thunder, with a great Dragon and a blazing Star. No doubt, this was the same mentioned in the year before.
1276
Tho.
de
Carliolo
Joan. fil. Rog.
Henricus Scot
1277.
Tho. Karle
William
Tho de Karle
Jun.
Hen. Scot.
1278.
Joan. filius Rog.
Hug.
de
Merchingle
Ro.
de
Lindesey
Joannes le Flemmyng
1279.
Tho.
de
Karle
Rich. de Hay
Hen.
de
Burneton
Hugo de Merchingle
Rich. fil. Rogeri
This year,
Sep.
the 18th the King gave Leave to the
Black-Fryers
this Town, to make the
LittLe-gate,
called the
Gate of the Warden's-Close,
in the
Town-Wall.
Vide Chap.
Town-Wall.
1280
Joan. fil. Rogeri
Rich.
de
Lay-hay
Hen.
de
Burneton
Joan. Flemmyng
Joan. Gadrick
1281.
Joan. fil. Rog. miles
Robt.
de
Mitforde
Rich. fil. Rogeri
Robt.
de
Lindsey
Johan. le Scot.
1282.
Robert' Mitford
Jo.
de
Blamarge
Joan.
de
Lindsaye
Adam
de
Pampdon
Joan. le Scot
Robert
de
Insula,
Bishop of
Durham,
died
June
the 13th, and was succeeded by
Anthony Beake,
whom the Pope made Patriarch of
Jerusalem.
1283
W.
de
Hawkwell
Tho.
de
Witham
William
de
Ogle
Joan.
de
Heyton
1284.
The same.
Joan. Flands
Joan. le Eschot
Ad. de Pampeden
Ro.
de
Lindesay
1285.
The same.
The same. The same
1286.
Hen. le Scot
Joan. Flemmyng
Hugh
de
Carliol
Joan. le Scot
Hen.
de
Le
1287.
Hen. Scot.
Joan
de
Blagedene
Peter. Draper
Tho.
de
Tindale
Joan. Surreys
1288.
The same.
Joan. Flemming
Rich. fil. Rogeri
Jo. le Scot
Hug. de Carle
So hot a Summer that many died with the Extremity of the Heat.
1289.
The same.
Tho.
de
Tindale
Petr. Draper
Hen.
de
Karle
William
de
Ogle
Great hail fell in
England
which raised the Price of Wheat in particular from
5 d.
a Bushel to
16 d.
and so it increased yearly, 'till at last it was sold for
xx s.
a Quarter.
1290.
The same.
The same.
1291.
Hugo
de
Carliol
Roger Tunnock
Pet. Sampson
The King banish'd the
Jews
and gave them wherewith to bear their Charges, 'till they were out of the Kingdom. The Number was
15009
Persons.
Hen. le Hay
Alex. le —
1292.
Hugo
de
Carliol
Joan.
de
Surreys
Wm.
de
Ogle.
After King
Edward I.
had determined the Right to the Crown of
Scotland
to be in
John Baliol, Baliol
was crown'd at
Scone
with the usual Formalities, and all the
Scotch Lords
took their Oath to him, except
Robert Bruice,
who was absent. Which done, he came to
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and did there, on the 26th of
December,
Homage to King
Edward:
My Lord
Edward
King of
England,
superiour Lord of the Kingdom of
Scotland;
I
John
King of
Scotland,
become
your Liege Man
for the whole Kingdom of
Scotland,
with it's Appurtenances; which Kingdom I claim, hold, and ought of Right to hold, for me and my Heirs, Kings of
Scotland,
Hereditarily
of you and your Heirs, Kings of
England, and shall
bear Faith to you, and your Heirs,
Kings of
England,
of Life and Limb, and terrene Honour against all Men.
Rapin. & compleat Hist. of Eng. V. 1. p. 195.
Upon this Occasion the King wrote the following Letters at this Town.
REX & superior Dominus Regni
Scotiae,
venerabilibus in Christo patribus,
Wet R.
Sancti
Andrea
&
Glasguen,
Episcopis, & Dilectis & fidelibus suis
Johanni Comyn, Jacobo
Senescallo
Scotiae,
&
Briano
filio
Alani,
nuper Custodibus praedicti Regni
Scotiae,
Salutem.
Mandamus vobis quos omnes Rotulos de placitis & querelis quibuscunque coram vobis habitis & placitatis de Tempore quo nos ad hoc deputarimus in eodem Regno dilecto & fideli nostro J. Regi
Scotiae
sine dilatione Liberatis, & hoc nullatenus omittatis. In cujus,
&c.
Teste Rege apud
Novum Castrum
super
Tynam,
quarto die
Januarii.
Rym. Foed.
Tom.
2.
p.
602.
REX & superior Dominus Regni
Scotiae,
dilecto & Fideli suo
Waltero
de
Huntercumbe
Custodi Terrae de
Man,
Salutem.
Quia de gratia nostra speciali, Reddidimus dilecto & fideli nostro
Johanni Baliolo,
Regi
Scotiae,
talem seisinam Terrae de
Man,
cum pertinentiis qualem
Alexander
ultimus Rex
Scotiae
antecessor suus, cujus Haeres ipse est, habuit de eadem terra, die quo obiit.
Salvo jure nostro, & alterius cujuscun
que
& salvis nobis & Haeredibus nostris, exitibus, Wardis Maritagiis, Releviis, Eschaetis Finibus, Amerciamentis, arreragiis firmarum & Reddituum, quae tempore feisinae nostrae ejusdem terrae acciderunt.
Et Salvis nobis & Haeredibus nostris cognitionibus placitorum & Articulorum Quorumcun
que
de Ballivis & ministris ibidem de tempore praedicto, una cum cognitione Transgressionis, impositae
Duncano
de
Malesly,
& Judiciorum super iisden reddendorum executionibus.
Et similiter quod omnia judicia Seifinae nostro tempore, per Ballivos & ministros nostros, in eadem terra reddita, teneantur, & executioni demandentur.
Vobis Mandamus, quatenus praesato Regi seisinam terrae praedictae; cum suis pertinentiis, in forma praedicta, liberari faciatis; salvo jure nostro & alterius cujuscun
que
Teste Rege apud
Novum Castrum
super
Tynam,
quinto die
Januarii.
Samp. le Cuttellns
Walter de Cowgate
1293.
The same.
The same.
1294.
Hugo
de
—
Robertus
de
Mitford
Tho.
de
Whickham
William
de
Ogle
Joannes
de
Heaton
1295.
Hugo
de
Carleolo
Joan
de
Surties
Samps.
de
Carleolo
William
de
Ogle
Walter
de
Cowgate
After King
Edward
had declared War against
Scotland,
he advanced to
Newcastle,
and made it the chief Rendezvous of his Forces.
Rapin.
The Story at large is this. King
John
of
Scotland
having in Contempt of King
Edward
disseised
Magdulph
Earl of
Fife,
and imprison'd him;
Magdulph
complain'd to King
Edward,
who order'd King
John
to appear before him; but upon this Summons he appeared not. Upon this the King sent out a second Writ, ordering him to appear before him
15
Days after
Michaelmas,
which was obey'd. Being come before him, he seem'd not so sensible of the King's Superiority, as he had been before; which was judged a Contempt and Disobedience, and that three of his principal Castles in
Scotland
should be seized. But before the Pronunciation of the Sentence, He came before the King and his Council, and made Supplication to the King with his own Mouth; the King receiving this, with the Advice of his Council, and the Consent of
Magdulph,
granted his Prayer, and gave him Day untill his Parliament after Easter. But that Parliament was not holden that Day; however the Suit between the King of
Scots
and,
Magdulph
was continued, and prorogued to the next Parliament, which was summoned to be holden at St.
Edmund
's
-Bury,
on the Feast of St.
Martin
in the Winter, in the year
1295.
The Day being come, the King was present, and
Magdulph
strenuously prosecuted his Plea. But the King of
Scotland
instead of appearing in Person, sent the Abbot of
Abirbrothock,
and other Noblemen of that Kingdom, with not only frivolous excuses, but to demand Satisfaction of King
Edward
for many and great Injuries, Oppressions, and Grievances, sustained by the
Scots
from his Subjects. King
Edward
's Answer was, That for certain Causes he was coming toward the
North Parts,
and that the King of
Scots
should then have sufficient Recompence to his own Content. And then appointed him a Day to meet him at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
viz. The 1st day of
March
next following, and ordered the Abbot and those with him, to give Notice to their King that he should then personally appear. In the mean Time the King had certain Intelligence that the King of
Scots
with his Prelates, Earls, Barons,
&c.
had entred into a Confederacy with
France;
so that the King of
England
upon this Account also, toward the Time appointed prepared for his Journey to
Newcastle,
and sent before him the Abbot of
Newminster
and
Wellebeck
to the King of
Scots,
to give him Notice of the Adjournment and Time of his coming.
On the 1st of
March, 1296,
the King was at
Newcastle,
and staid there many Days, expecting the King of
Scots;
he came not; the King of
England
removed nearer to
Scotland,
and came to
Bamburgh,
where he also summon'd him and expected him: He neither came, nor sent to excuse himself, but returned the Homage and Fealty for Himself and all his Kingdom to King
Edward,
by an Instrument or Writing, and defied him. After this he summon'd him again, but he would not appear; nay instead of that they proceed to Arms, enter
England,
plunder, burn, waste, kill and destroy wherever they come.
To obviate these Insolencies, and chastise them according to their Deserts, King
Edward
entred
Scotland
on Wednesday in
Easter
Week, besieged and took
Berwick Castle
with a great Slaughter of the
Scots;
from thence he sent Part of his Army to reduce the Castle of
Dunbarr,
lately revolted, which was done, by the Death and Destruction of a great many
Scots.
Ten thousands,
says my Author,
seven Barons, an hundred Knights, and thirty one Esquires were taken in the Castle; the Army coming to relieve it, Twenty two thousand of them were slain. From thence King
Edward
marched to
Edinburgh,
which Castle he took in eight Days. From thence he marched to
Sterlin,
where the King of
Scots,
and many of his great Men, sent to beg his Mercy. He order'd them to meet him some few Days after at
Brechin,
where they submitted to his Mercy and Favour, without making any Terms or Conditions whatever.
This done, King
Edward
caused the Stone used by the Kings of
Scotland
as a Throne, to be brought to
Westminster,
appointed
John Warren
Earl of
Surrey
and
Sussex,
Governour of
Scotland, Hugh de Cressingham,
Treasurer, and
William Ormsby,
Justiciary, sent King
John Baliol
to the Tower of
London,
where he was decently attended; and the Noblemen of
Scotland,
which he brought into
England,
were forbidden to pass the River
Trent,
under forfeiture of their Heads.
Brady. Contin. Hist. Eng.
p.
38.
1296
 
 
The
Scots
despising their Oaths of Homage and Fealty enter'd
England,
Burning and wasting the Country, staying the People, and destroying all before them, upon which the King sent his Summons to
200
Earls, Barons, Knights, Abbots and others, to be ready at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
on St.
Nicholas
Day, or the 6th of
December,
with their Service of Horse and Arms to go with his Son against the
Scots,
to suppress their Rebellion, and desend his own Kingdom.
Brad. Contin.
p.
61.
This year dy'd at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, William Heron,
Son of
John Heron,
who in the 32d
Hen. III.
was constituted Governour of
Bamburgh
Castle; and soon after of the Castles of
Pickering,
and
Scarborough
in
Yorkshire.
He held a Barony in the County of
Northumberland
by the Service of one Knight's Fee, as his Ancestors had done since the Conquest.
1297
Joan. Scot
Tho. de Tindale
William
de
Ogle
J. fil. Ad.
de
Blagdene
Pet. Draper.
1298.
The same.
The same. The same.
The
Scots
under the command of
William Wallas,
and
Robert Bruice,
laid Waste all
Northumberland;
then went to
Carlisle;
but the Inhabitants knowing their Design before, had so fortified themselves, that they could not Master them; then they went to
Newcastle,
where they pull'd down and burnt the Town. Which Compliment was return'd much about the same Time, by
Robert Clifford,
who at the Head of some People of the Diocesses of
Durham
and
Carlisle
went another Way into
Scotland,
as far as
Roxburgh,
and laid all Waste before him.
Polyd. Virg.
pag. 340.
1299.
The same.
The same. The same.
King
Edwardus Dei Gratia Rex Angliae, &c. Sciatis quod dedimus, &c. dilectis Burgensibus & probis hominibus Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
omnes terras & Tenementa cum pertinentibus in
Pampeden
in
Byker
juxta praedictam villam
Novicastri,
&c. & quod praedicta Villa
Novicastri
& terra & tenementa praedicta in
Pampeden
de caetero sint unus Burgus, &c.
Edward
the 1st in a Charter dated at
York
on the 20th Day of
December,
in the 27th Year of his Reign, granted to the Burgesses
and good Men of Newcastle upon Tyne,
the Town of
Pampeden,
that it and
Newcastle
might ever after become one Town.
There is in this Charter mention made of one
Robert de Byker
and
Laderane
his Wife, they seem to have been People of great Figure at this Time of Day, probably they were Lord and Lady of the Mannor of
Byker,
and had their Town's House in or near that Part of
Pandon,
called
Byker Chare.
They had Lands in
Pandon
in
Byker,
which they gave to the Crown, which Lands at the Incorporation of the two Towns just now mentioned, were annexed by the King as Part and Parcel of
Newcastle.
1300.
The same.
The same. The same.
1301.
The same.
The same. The same.
1302.
The same.
The same. The same.
1303.
The same.
The same. The same.
1304.
Peter Graper.
Nich.
de
Carliol
Richard
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Joan. Corane
1305.
Peter Graper.
Nich. Scott
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Nich.
de
Carleol
William
de
Oggle
1306.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Nich. Scott
William
de
Oggle
Adam.
de
Gallowaie
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
The King died
July
the 7th, and in the
Feb.
following his Son
Edward
was crown'd.
Edward
II. 1307.
The same.
—
de
Acton
William
de
—
Adam —
Tho. Frismarisco
1308.
Nich.
de
Carliol
Tho. de Frismarisco
Tho.
de
Tindale
 
Ad.
de
Dunelm
This was probably
Adam
of
Durham,
who founded the Chantry of
St. Thomas
the
Martyr,
in St.
John
's Church, in the year
1319.
1309.
The same.
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Tho.
de
Tindale.
Gilbert
de
Flemming
Ad.
de
Dunelm
Duns-Scotus
died a miserable Death, being taken with an Apoplectic Fit, and too hastily buried. He was a
Northumbrian
born, and took upon him at
Newcastle
the Habit of St.
Francis.
Vile
Franciscan Fryers.
1310.
The same.
Tho.
de
Carliol
Tho.
de
Tindale
Gilbert Flemming
Adam
de
Dunelm
1311.
Rich. Emeldon
Th.
fil.
Hu.
de
Carliol
Ad.
de
Dunelm
Anthony Beake
Bishop of
Durham
dyed
March
the 28th and was succeeded by
Richard Kellow.
Th.
de
Frismarisco
The Lords and other great Men of the Realm being highly provok'd at the Pride and Insolence of
Pierce Gaveston,
the King's great Favourite, whom he had rais'd to the highest Honours and Preferments, entred into a Confederacy to remove him from the King's Person, and banish him the Kingdom. The great Earl of
Lancaster, (
Son of Prince
Edmund,
and Grandson of
Henry III.)
was chosen their General; who by common Consent sent to the King then at
York,
petitioning him either to deliver Earl
Gaveston
to them, or oblige him to quit the Kingdom, according to the Late Ordinances. The King took small Notice of their Supplications, left
York,
and repaired to
Newcastle,
where he continued for a considerable Space. Upon which the Lords, with what Forces they could raise, march'd with all Speed towards
Newcastle,
not that they would offer Injury, or create Trouble to their Sovereign, but only Earl
Gaveston,
and judge him according to the Laws they made by common Agreement. Upon their Approach, the King and
Gaveston
immediately fled to
Tinmouth;
and tho' tne Queen, then great with Child, with Flood of Tears, begg'd of him not to leave her in that Place, he without any Pity took Shipping, and salt'd with his Favourite to
Scarborough,
commanding the Garrison of the Castle to protect him, while he repair'd into
Warwickshire.
The Earl of
Lancaster
having possessed himself of
Newcastle,
sent Messengers to the Queen at
Tinmouth
to comfort her, faithfully promising
That he would not give over his Pursuit, 'till he had remov'd
Gaveston
from the King;
excusing himself from not coming to her in Person,
left for her Sake he should incut the King's Indignation.
The Barons who had enter'd
Newcastle
the same Day the King went from thence, had seized all that he and his Favourite had left there, the Hurry wherein they went off not having given them leave to take any Thing with them. In
Gaveston's
Baggage were sound a great many Jewels, which for the most part belonged to the Crown, and of which an exact Inventory was taken, that an Account might be given of them hereafter: They were accordingly restored to the King after
Gaveston
was beheaded.
Rapin.
It appears by several Records, that there has been an ancient Custom within the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
of acknowledging Fines in the
Guildhall
of the said Town, between the four Benches therein; and that the same has been continued and usually practised, and is now frequently done.
A Fine so acknowledged for Lands or Tenements within the said Town, being by that Custom of the same Force and Validity as a Fine acknowledge in any other Manner; and it is done so publickly, and before so many Persons, that the Cognizors must be known to some of them, which allows no Opportunity for a Fraud.
And when a Fine is to be acknowledged by a Wife, she is not only particularly examin'd in open Court, but also make's Oath, that what she does is freely and voluntarily, without any Force or Compulsion of her Husband.
1312
The same.
Tho. Carliol
Joan. Pampden
Gilbert Fleming
Hen. le Newton
1313.
Rich. Emeldon
Jo.
fil.
Hen. Scot
William Burneton
Tho. Frismarisco
Joannes Ellickar
The King published his Writs for Victuals to be sold at a certain Price.
1314.
Tho
fil.
Hugo
de
Carliol
Gilbert Flemming
Hen.
de
Newton
Joan.
de
Pampeden
Ad.
de
Dunelm
Another Quatuor Banco, in the Manner aforesaid.
1315.
Rich. Emeldon
Tho. Frismarisco
Ad. Dunelm
Rich. Acton
Johan.
de
Pampeden
Richard Kellow,
Bishop of
Durham
died, and was succeeded by
Lewis Beamont.
1316.
Rich. Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
William
de
Burneton
Rich.
de
Acton
Ad.
de
Dunelm
A grievous Famine and Mortality, insomuch that the Quick could hardly bury the Dead; and a great Corruption of Cattle and Grass. Some eat the Flesh of their own Children, and Thieves in Prison devour'd those that were newly brought in, and greedily eat them half alive.
1317.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
The same.
1318.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho. Dunelm
Adam
de
Dunelm
Gilbert Hankin
Robert
de
Angerton
Vid. an. 1347
1319.
Nich.
de
Carliol
Tho.
de
Carliol
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Roger Heckam
Hen.
de
Newton
About this Time flourished
Hugh
of
Newcastle. Vid.
Franciscan Fryers.
1320.
Nich.
de
Carliol
John
de
Thorald
Tho.
de
Tindale
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
1321.
Rich. Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Rich. Acton
Gilbert Hankin
Robert Angreton
1322.
Rich. Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Gilbert Hankin
Wm.
de
Burton
Hugo
de
Hecham
Rex igitur elatus de tanta victoria, qui potius gemuisse debueret [leg. debuerat] de tanta nobilium turba male perempta, quia tune fuit vere victus, quando tot vicit prudentes milites, collegit exercitum fortem nimis & magnum contra
Scotos,
quantus a longo tempore non est visus. Qui absque victualibus in gravi pomposaque multitudine in borealibus adunatus partibus, pervenit ad Regem, ad villam de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam.
Inde Rex hostiliter profectus est in
Scotiam
lento gressu, permetiens quasdam partes illius provinciae, cujus adventu praecognito,
Scoti
bona sua cum necessariis ad loca tutiora comportaverunt, fugientes ad montes, nemora, vel paludes: sicque contigit, ut cum Rex suis nullam resistentiam inveniret, nullaque victualia reperiret, sed omnia deserta, vacuata, & vastata, perpendit, consumptis igitur victualibus, tam per terram, quam per mare pro exercitu comportatis magna pars exercitus fame & inaedia tabesacta protinus est extincta.
Tho. Walsingham,
p. 116.
The King
[Edward II]
being elated with so great a Victory
[which he had obtain'd over the Barons at
Boroughbridge] who ought rather to have mourn'd for the Loss of so great a Number of Nobility cruelly slain, because he himself was then truely conquer'd, when he conquer'd so many prudent Warriors, raised a verly large and powerful Army against the
Scots,
such as had not been seen for a long Time. Which great and numerous Multitude meeting together in the Northern Parts without Provisions, came to the King at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
From thence the King proceeded with a slow March into
Scotland,
passing over some Parts of that Province; whose coming the
Scots
foreknowing, carried their Goods and other Necessaries to the more safe Places, themselves flying to the Mountains, Woods, or Marshes: and thus it happen'd, that tho' the King met with no Resistance, yet finding no Provisions, but on the other Hand every Place deserted, rifled and wasted, and having consumed the Provisions which were brought both by Sea and Land, a great Part of his Army was utterly destroyed through Famine and Want.
1323.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Wm. Hankin
Wm.
de
Burneton
Hugo
de
Heckham
1324.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Wm.
de
Burneton
Gilbert
de
Hankin
Rob.
de
Halliwell
1325.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Wm.
de
Burneton
Gilbert
de
Hankin
Robert
de
Halliwell
1326.
Rich.
de
Emeldon
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Gilbert Hankin
Wm.
de
Burneton
Hugo
de
Heckham
This Year the King was deposed, and
January 25
his Son
Edward
crown'd King; being of
14
Years of Age.
1327. Edward III.
Nich. Scott,
Miles.
Tho. Hankin
Wm.
de
Burneton
Gilbert Hankin
Rog.
de
Angreton
King
Ed. II.
was cruelly murdered in the Castle of
Berkley,
by the Practises of the Queen his Wife, and the Lord
Mortimer.
This first Year of the Reign of
Edward
the 3d, notwithstanding the Care of the Earl
Marshall
at
Newcastle,
and the Lord
Mowbray
at
Carlisle,
the
Scots
passed the River
Tyne
with an Army consisting of
4000
Men at Arms, Knights and Esquires, well mounted, and
1000
others, armed after their Country Fashion, upon small inconsiderable Horses, besides their Forces on Foot. They incamped in
Stanhope Park,
in the Bishoprick of
Durham,
against whom the King came himself in Person; but not being able to come at them, by Reason of their Advantageous Situation, they, after having been watched
15
or
20
Days took the Advantage of a dark Night, and retired with Haste into their own Country.
Eachard.
1328.
Nich.
de
Carliol
Th.
fil.
Hu.
de
Carliol
Tho.
de
Frismarisco
Roger Heckham
Hen
de
Newton
King
Ed. III.
Pardoned and remitted to the Burgesses of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
all the Debts and Arrears of Debts which they owed to him or his Progenitors.
Madox. Firm. Burg. p. 98.
1329.
Rich. Emeldon
Wm.
de
Burneton
Jo.
de
Denton
Hugo
de
Heckham
Rob.
de
Halliwell
1330.
Wm.
de
Burneton
Hugo
de
Hankyn
Ro.
de
Halliwell
Jo. Denton
Waleranus Lumley
1331.
Rich. Emeldon
Hugo
de
Hecham
Rob.
de
Halliwell
Jo.
de
Denton
Waleranus Lumley
Carta Priorissae S.
Bartholomei
in Villa
Novi Castri
super
Tinam
de uno Both in vico Fori in eadem Villa.
OMnibus hanc Cartam cyrographatam visuris vel audituris
Sibilla Gategang
Priorissa Monialium S.
Bartholomei
de
Novo Castro
super
Tinam
& ejusdem Loci Conventus, Salutem in Domino sempiternam. Noveritis nos unanimi consilio & Assensu Capituli nostri dedisse, concessisse, & hac praesenti Carta nostra cyrographata confirmasse
Johanni
de
Wedirball
Sutori de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam
totam illam Botham nostram in Vico Fori, sicut jacet in longitudine & latitudine inter Botham
Thomaes
de
Carliolo
ex una parte & retro, & Botham
Richardi Fonde
ex altera, habendam & tonendam praedicto
Johanni
de
Wetherhall,
Haeredibus & Assignatis suis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius per fervicia inde debita & de jure consuota libere, quiete, bene, & in pace in perpetuum, Reddendo inde annuatim nobis & successoribus nostris sex solidos argenti per annum ad duos anni terminos, viz. Medietatem ad Festum
Pentecost.
& aliam medietatem ad Festum S.
Martini
in hyeme pro omni alio Servicio, re, & demand. Et si contingat dictam Firmam ad aliquem terminam a retro fore non solutam per quadraginta dies, & sufficiens Districtio infra illam Botham non inveniatur, tunc liceat Nobis & Successoribus nostris praedictam Botham intrare & pacifice in perpetuum tenere, praesenti Scripto extunc in nullo obstante. Et Nos vero Priorissa & Coventus praenominat. & Successores nostri totam praedictam Botham cum omnibus suis pertinentiis & Edificiis praedicto
Johanni
de
Wedirhall
Haeredibus sujs & Assignatis pro Firma memorata contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & defendemus in perpetuum. In cujus rei Testimonium parti praesetis Cartae residentis penes dictum
Johannem
sigillum nostrum commune est appensum, & parti praesentis Cartae residentis penes Nos dictus
Johannes
sigillum suum apposuit. His testibus
Ricardo
de
Emildon
tunc capitali Ballivo Villae
Novi Castri, Johanne
de
Denton, Gilberto Hawkyn, Hugone
de
Hecham,
&
Richardo Scot
Subballivis ejus.
Laurentio
de
Duresme, Adam Pagis, Gilberto
de
Duxfield, Johanne Sapakape
& aliis.
A Charter of the Prioress of St.
Bartholomew
's in the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
concerning one Booth in the Market Place in the said Town.
TO all who shall see or hear of this Charter, written with our own Hand,
Sibil Gategang
Prioress of the Nuns of St.
Bartholomew
's in
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and of the Convent of the same Place, Greeting in the Lord eternal. Know ye, that We with the unanimous Counsel and Assent of our Chapter have given, granted, and by this our present Charter, written with our own Hand, have confirmed to
John
de
Wedithall,
Shoemaker of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
all that our Booth in the Market Place, as it lies in length and breadth between the Booth of
Thomas
de
Carleol
on the one Side, and the Booth of
Richard Fonde
on the other: To have and to hold to the said
John
de
Wetherhall,
his Heirs and Assigns, from the Capital Lords of that Farm, by the Services then due and by Law used to be paid, freely, quitely, well peaceably for ever. By paying to us and our Successors every year six Shillings of Silver at two Terms of the year, namely, an half at the Feast of
Whitsuntide,
and the other half at the Feast of St.
Martin
in the Winter, in lieu of all other Service, Rent and Demand. And if it shall happen that the said Fee shall at any Term be not paid in forty Days, and a sufficient Distrain be not sound within that Booth, then it may be lawful for us and our Successors to enter into the said Booth and for ever peaceably to hold it, this our present Writing notwithstanding. And we the Prioress and Convent aforesaid, and our Successors, the whole foresaid Booth with all its Appurtenances and Buildings to the aforesaid
John
de
Wedirhall
his Heirs and Assigns for the foresaid Fee will warrantize, and for ever defend, against all Persons whatsoever. In Witness whereof to the Part of the present Charter remaining with the said
John,
our common Seal is placed, and to the Part of the present Charter remaining with us the said
John
has placed his Seal. Witnesses,
Richard
de
Emildon
then chief Bailiff of the Town of
Newcastle, John
de
Denton, Gilbert Hawkyn, Hugh
de
Hecham,
and
Richard Scot,
his Sub-Bailiffs.
Laurence
de
Duresme, Adam Pagis, Gilbert
de
Duxfield, John Sapakape,
and others.
This Mayor was this year made Eschaetor.
1332.
Rich. Emeldon
Hug.
de
Heckham
Rob.
de
Halliwell
Jo.
de
Denton
Waleranus Lumley
Lewis Beaumont
Bishop of
Durham,
dy'd and was succeeded by
Richard de Bury,
who was consecrated unto the See of
Durham, December 19,
this same Year, in the Presence of the
King,
the
Queen, Edward
King of
Scotland, 2
Archbishops,
5
Bishops,
7
Earls, and a Numbers of other noble Personages, both Men and Women. The Year following he became
Chancellor,
and within two Years after that,
Treasurer
of
England. Godwin.
On the 23d of
April,
the
King
being at
Newcastle,
sent a Letter to the Archbishop of
Canterbury. Rim. Foed. Vol. 4. p. 553.
The same Day he sent another,
p. ibid.
On the 27th he sent from this Town a Letter to the
King
of
Castile p. 555.
On the same Day he sent another. On the 27th he sent another to the Earl of
Flanders,
about not assisting the
Scots. p. 557.
On the 29th he sent another about the Conduct of the Ambassadors of the
King
of
France. Ibid.
1333.
Rich. Acton
Hug. Hecham
Waleranus Lumley
Gilbert Hankyn
Robert Halliwell
1334.
Hugo Hecham
Gilbert Hankyn
Jo. Galloway
Rich. Scott
Jo. Frysma
June
the 12th the
King
sent a Letter from this Town about calling the
Convocation
of the Province of
York,
and getting of Assistance.
p. 614.
On the same Day he sent another to the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
about carrying of the
Cross,
and the same Day he also wrote another upon the same Subject to the Earl of
Nottingham.
He sent several other Letters from this Town particularly one on
June
the 18th.
After
Edward Baliol,
Son of
John,
had by the Assistance of the
English,
and Many great Successes, caused himself to be crown'd
King
of
Scotland;
to strengthen his Alliance, he first at
Edinburgh,
and afterwards at
Newcastle,
in the Year
1334,
in the Presence of Many great Lords and Commons of both Nations, did Homage to King
Edward III.
as to his superior Lord, and took his Oath of Fealty, binding himself and his Heirs to hold the Kingdom of
Scotland
of him and his Successors for ever; and further he granted to him the Possession of five Counties next adjoining to the Borders.
Eachard.
Ad pag. 92.
Chantery. Patronatus Cantarie B.
Mariae
in Ecclesia omnium Sanctorum Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tinam.
OMnibus hoc scriptum Visuris vel Audituris
Thomas
de
Karliolo
de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam,
Salutem in Domino. Noveritis Me concestisse & praesenti scripto confirmasse
Petro
filio
Petri Draper
de praedicta villa
Novi Castri
&
Ceciliae
uxori ejus, & Haeredibus de eorundem corporibus legitime procreatis totum jus meum Patronaturs Cantariae pertinentis ad Altare Beatae
Mariae
Virginis in Ecclesia omnium Sanctorum in praedicta villa
Novi Castri
volens pro me & Haeredibus meis: Concedens quod quandocunque vacaverit, tunc praedicti
Petrus
&
Cecilia
& Haeredes de Corporibus fuis ligitime procreati dare possint, conferre, & assignare praedictam Cantariam cuidam Capellano idoneo ad praedictum Altare Divina celebraturo in perpetuum faciendo & inveniendo ad praedictum Altare omnia onera ad idem Altare pertinentia, sicut caetevi Predecessores sacere consueverunt. Salvo tamen Mihi in tota vita mea jure Praesentandi ad praedictam Cantariam, si contigerit illam vacare aliquo tempore vitae meae. Et est sciendum quod si praedicti
Petrus
&
Ceailia.
abs
que
Haeredibus de corporibus suis legitime procreatis obierint, volo quod jus Patronatus Cantariae praedictae post corum decessum, exitu de ipsis, ut praedictum est, deficiente, rectis Haeredibus meis revertatur in perpetuum. In cujus Rei Testimonium praesenti scripto Sigillum meum apposui & Sigillum commune Villae
Novi Castri
praedictae apponi procuravi his Testibus
Johanne
de
Denton
tunc Majore Villae
Novi Castri
praedictae,
Hugone
de
Halliwel, Richardo
de
Acton, Roberto
de
Castro, Johanne
de
Karliolo, Johanne
de
Galeway, Johanne
de
Frismaro, Ricardo
de
Galeway,
& aliis. Datum apud Villam
Novi Castri
praedicti 25 die Mensis
Septembris,
Anno Gratiae 1334. & regni Regis
Edwardi
III. a conquestu octavo.
A Patronage of the Chantry of St.
Mary's
in the Church of
All Saints
in the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
TO all who shall see or hear of this Writing
Thomas
de
Karliol
of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
Greeting in the Lord. Know ye, that I have granted, and by the present Writing have confirmed to
Peter
Son of
Peter Draper,
of the aforesaid Town of
Newcastle,
and
Cecily
his Wife, and to the Heirs from their Bodies lawfully begotten, all my Right of the Patronage of the Chantry belonging to the Altar of the blessed Virgin
Mary
in the Church of
All Saints
in the foresaid Town of
Newcastle,
for me and my Heirs: Granting that whenever it shall be vacant, then the foresaid
Peter
and
Cecily,
and the Heir's from their Bodies lawfully begotten, may give, conser and assign the foresaid Chantry to some fit Chaplain, to celebrate for ever the divine Offices at the foresaid Altar, by doing and finding at the aforesaid Altar all Burthens belonging to the said Altar, as the other Predecessors have used to do. Saving nevertheless to me for my whole Life, the Right of presenting to the foresaid Chantry, if it shall happen to be vacant any Time of my Life. And be it known, that if the aforesaid
Peter
and
Cecily
shall die without Heirs from their Bodies lawfully begotten, I Will that the Right of Patronage of the Chantry aforesaid shall after their Decease, their Issue failing, as is aforesaid, for ever return to my right Heirs. In Witness whereof I have put my Seal to the present Writing, and have caused the Common Seal of the foresaid Town of
Newcastle
to be put. Witness
John
de
Denton
then Mayor of the Town of
Newcastle,
aforesaid,
Hugh
de
Haliwell, Richard
de
Acton, Robert
de
Castro, John
de
Karliol, John
de
Galeway, John
de
Frismaro, Richard
de
Galeway,
and others. Green at the Town of
Newcastle
aforesaid the 25th Day of the Month of
September,
in the year of Grace
1334,
and the eight year of the Reign of King
Edward III.
from the Conquest.
1335.
Hugo
de
Heckam
Gilbert Hankyn
John
de
Galloway
Rich. Scot
Jo.
de
Frismarisco
June
the 28th a Letter was dated at
Newcastle, per ipsum Regem & Concilium.
Rim. Foeder. Vol.
4.
p.
651.
Another,
de Orando pro Rege.
Another
July
the 1st. Another from this Town,
Nov, 16.
Two more the same Day. 20th Day another. Another the 23d,
&c. p. 677
&
678.
1336.
John Denton
Gilbert Hankyn
Jo. Woodman
Robert Shilvington
William Acton
Martin Alnwick
a Franciscan Fryer of the Monastry of
Newcastle
flourish'd about this Time.
Vide Franciscan Fryers
of this Town.
1337.
Nich. Scot.
Robert
de
Shampton
Barthol. Clerus
Adam
de
Blakedon
Tho.
de
Karle, Jun.
1338.
Hugh Hecham
Richard Scot
Peter Graper
Robert Halliwell
Rob.
de
Castello
A Sudden Inundation of Water at
Newcastle
bore down Part of the
Town's New Wall
where
120
Persons were drown'd: This is also said to have happen'd in the year
1320. Vide Pandon Burn.
1339.
Waleranus
de
Lumley
Tho. Burneton
Rich. Scott
Gilbert Hankyn
Rich. Gallaway
Whilst the
King
was warring against
Tournay,
the
Scots
in several Bodies entred
England,
where they destroy'd the Country as far as
Durham,
returning all safe again; saving that the Earls of
March
and
Southerland
being encountred by the Lord
Thomas Grey
of
Werk,
Sir
Robert Manners,
and
John Copeland,
a valliant
Esq
of
Northumberland,
were utterly discomfited. Barns.
Hist. Ed. III. Lib. 1. chap. 17.
1340.
William Felton
Miles.
Robert Musgrave
Hug. Carliol
Jo. Woodman
Joan. Emeldon
It is granted that no Goods be sold 'till a
Plank be laid to the Ship,
on Forfeiture of the Goods.
King
Edward III.
resolving to invade
Scotland
both by Sea and Land, repaired to the Frontiers, where he waited for his Fleet, which was to join him at
Newcastle.
But a violent Storm, which lasted several Days, rendered his Ships unfit for Service during the rest of that year. This unlucky Accident hindered him from entering
Scotland,
being destitute of Provisions and Ammunition, which his Fleet was bringing to him.
Rapin.
Indentura inter Priorem
Dunelm'
& Majorem Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
de redditu de
Farne Eland.
CEst Endenture faite entre
Johan
Prior & le Convent de
Duresme
d'une part &
Johan
de
Denton
Mair de
Neof Chastell
sur
Tyne
d'autre part tesmoigne que nous le ditz Prior & Convent avouns resceu parmy les maines le dit
John
trees Marcs & diz Soutz d'Argent du Terme de la Seint
Michell
I'an de Grace Mille, Treiscentz, quarant primer de une annuel recut que nostre Seigneur le Roy Nous a grante a prendre de la Ferme de
Neof Chastel
sur
Tyne
sicome plus pleinement est contenuz en la Chartir nostre dit Seignour le Roy de ceo fait a Nous des queux treese Marcs & diz soutz Nous
Johan.
Prior & le Convent avaunt ditz acquitouns pour nous & noz Successours l'avant dit
Johan
de
Denton
Meir & la commune de la Ville de
Noef Chastel
susdit. En Tesmoignante de quelle chose au Partie de cette Endenture demorant devers le dit Meir & la commune de
Noef Chastel
nous
Johan
Prior & le Convent de
Duresme
avons mis nostre commune Seal. Et a l'autre partie de meisme l'Endenture demorant devers le ditz Prior & Convent. leo
Johan
de
Denton
Meir ai mis mon Seal. Donne a
Duresme
lendemayn de la dit Fest de Seint
Michell
l'an de Grace avant dit.
An Indenture between the Prior of
Durham
and the Mayor of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
relating to the Rent due to
Farne Island.
THIS Indenture made between
John
the Prior and the Convent of
Durham
on the one Part, and
John
de
Denton,
Mayor of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
on the other Part witnesseth, that We the said Prior and Convent, have received from the Hands of the said
John,
thirteen Marcs and ten Pence of Silver for the Term of St.
Michael,
of the year of Grace one Thousand, three Hundred, forty and one, for an annual Receipt which our Sovereign the King hath granted us to receive out of the Rents of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
as more amply is contained in the Charter by our said Lord the King hereupon to us granted; of which thirteen Marcs and ten Pence We
John
the Prior, and the Convent aforesaid, do release for us and our Successors, the said
John
de
Denton
the Mayor, and the Commons of the Town of
Newcastle,
before named. In Witness whereof, We
John
the Prior and the Convent of
Durham,
have affixed our common Seal to that Part of this Indenture for the Use of the Mayor and Commons of
Newcastle;
and to the other Part of the same Indenture remaining in the Hands of the said Prior and Covent, I
John
de
Denton
Mayor, have affixed my Seal. Dated at
Durham
the Day succeeding the Feast of St.
Michael,
the Year of Grace aforesaid.
☞
These Charters at large shall be inserted
Anno
1492, being recited in King
Henry
the 7th's
Inspoximus.
1341.
Joan. Denton
Gilbert Hankyn
Jo. Galleway
Thomas Burneton
Petrus Graper
1342.
Rob.
de
Halliwell
William Acton
Jo.
de
Durham
Robt. Musgrave
Tho. Fleaminge
David
King of
Scots
enter'd
Northumberland,
exercising all Manner of Hostility, and wasting and Ravaging all before him, for about
40
Miles in length, 'till he came to
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
which he resolved to Besiege, and so sat down with all his Forces before it: The Captain of the Castle was the Lord
John Nevil
of
Hornby,
a Person of great Conduct and Bravery who resolving to give the young King of
Scotland
a Taste of the
English
Valour, as soon as might be, commanded
200
Lances to make a Sally very early next Morning. These dashing suddenly with great Fury into the
Scottish
Hoast, on that Part where the Earl of
Murray
was (who, as they say, was chief General for the Time, the King himself keeping private) took the Earl himself naked in Bed, dragg'd him away naked out of his Tent; and so having slain several of his Men, and won much Booty, they return'd all safe into the Town with great Joy, and delivered the Earl of
Murray
Prisoner to their Captain. The Earl was a chief Prince of the Blood in
Scotland,
next of Quality to Prince
Robert Stuart
and the Earl of
Southerland;
but for Valour and Conduct he yielded to None. This daring Enterprize having alarmed the whole Camp, the
Scots
ran like Madmen to the Barriers of the Town, and began a fierce Assault, which they continued a great while with much Pertinency. But they gain'd little and lost much. For there were many good Men of War within, who defended themselves with much Resolution and Discretion, so that the
Scots
were at last fain to leave off their attac, and the Hopes of suddenly revenging their Dishonour in that Place. Wherefore that bold and lucky Attempt of the Besieged being thus well back'd by a vigorous Defence, was sufficient to persuade King
David
and his Council, that to dally about
Newcastle
was dangerous, whereupon about Noon they decamp'd and went for
Durham.
Assoon as the Lord
Nevil
had seen for certain the Departure of the
Scots,
he guess'd their Design. Upon which he mounted a very swift Gelding, and coasting wide of the
Scots,
rode Post Day and Night; 'till on the 5th Night he rode more than
200
Miles to
Chertsey
in
Surry,
where at that Time King
Edward
lay, to whom he exactly related all he knew of the
Scots,
whereupon the
King
made all the Haste he could Northward.
In the mean Time the
Scots
assaulted
Durham
with all the Fury imaginable; for they were even stark mad for the former Affront they had received at
Newcastle,
when they lost the Earl of
Murray
so dishonourably. They rear'd their Engines to cast Stones, and other Devices they had, whereby to approach the Walls under the Shelter of certain Machines, resembling the ancient
Testudo
of the
Romans,
or the
Synospismus
of the
Greeks;
and withall they had other Engines running upon Wheels, wherein on Lofts as high as the
Walls
at least, there were
Cross-Bows
and others, who kept the Besieged from the Defences. So that after the Assault had been continually renewed with all the Vigour imaginable, and on the other Hand maintained with incredible Obstinacy for
6
or
7
Days, the
Scots
entred the City by Force; at which Time King
David
in revenge of all his Losses for so many years preceding, especially being urged beyond his Nature by the importunate Instigations of his
French
Auxiliaries then with him, commanded his Captains to put all to Fire and Sword. There were Men, Women, and Children, old and young, Men of the Church, as
Monks, Priests, Canons,
and others, holy and prophane, all without Pity or Distinction put to Death, neither
Churches, Monasteries,
nor
Shrines,
no not that of St.
Cuthbert
himself (after it had reposed there for more than
300
years) could reconcile the incens'd Mind of the Soldiers to Pity; not so much as one Soul was left alive within the Place. So implacable and unmerciful is the Sword of War when sharpen'd with unchristian Cruelty.
Before the
Scottish
Army got back to its own Country, the King of
England
was upon their Heels; but there were certain
Noblemen
on both Parts, who earnestly labour'd to compose the Matters between the two
Kings,
which at last took such Effect, that a Truce was concluded for two years.
Barns. Hist, Ed. III.
p.
254.
1343.
Rich. Galleway
William Acton
Tho. Fleaminge
Jo
—
Robt. Musgrave
1344.
Rob. Shilvington
Robt. Musgrave
Jo. Woodman
Robt. Halliwell
William
de
Acton
1345.
Robt.
de
Foghale
William
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Frismarisco
Hugo
de
Carliol
Robt.
de
Pentrith
Richard de Bury,
Bishop of
Durham
died at
Auckland, April
the 24th, and was succeeded by
Thomas Hatfield,
Secretary to the
King,
who was consecrated
July
the 10th, this same Year.
1346.
Robt.
de
Foghill
William
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Frismariso
Hug.
de
Carliol
Robt.
de
Pentrith
1347.
Peter Graper
William Acton,
sen'
Jo. Emeldon
Hugo
de
Angreton
Hugo
de
Carliol
When King
Edward III.
was abroad in
France,
warring against that Kingdom,
David
King of
Scotland
took that Opportunity to ravage the Borders of
England,
and penetrated as far as
Durham,
which he took, sacked and burnt; but the
English
coming shortly after to an Engagement with him, he had the Mortification not only to lose the Day, but also to be taken a Prisoner.
Rapin.
The
Scotch
King, tho' he had two Spears hanging in his Body, his Leg almost incurably wounded, and his Sword beat out of his Hand, disdaining Captivity, provok'd the
English
by opprobrious Language to kill him; and when
John Copeland,
Governour of
Roxborough
Castle, advised him to yield, he struck him on the Fate with his Gauntlet so fiercely that he knock'd out two of his Teeth. But however
Copeland
Conveyed him away out of the Field a Prisoner. Upon his refusing to deliver him up to the Queen, (who stayed at
Newcastle
during the Battle) the King sent for him to
Calais,
where he excus'd his Refusal so handsomely, that the King sent him back with a Reward of
500 l.
a-Year in Land, where he himself should chuse it near his own Dwelling, and made him a Knight Banneret.
Act. Publ. V. p. 542. as quoted by
Tyndal, Rapin
's Translator.
This Battle is said by
Hollingshead
in his History of
Scotland,
p.
241,
to have been sought
October
the 17th, the year before.
The following Letter I am obliged to Mr. Alderman
REAY
of this Town for.
SIR,
PUrsuant to your Request and my Promise I've been with Mr.
Harle,
and have met with the Passage you mentioned relating to
Newcastle,
in the 119th Page of the first Vol. of
Ha
luyt's English Voyages,
&c. printed at
London,
1599, Fol. by which it appears that the Town of
Newcastle
assisted K.
Edw.
III. with 17 Ships and 314 Men against the
French;
a most authentic and convincing Proof of the great Naval Strength of that Town in those Days.
Another earlier Instance of its being a Town famous for Trade in
Edward
II
's
Time, is to be found in p. 142. and 143 of the said Vol. where we meet with an Order of the King and Council for the Staple to be holden at a certain Place. This Order (relating to the Exportation of Wool) is directed to the Collectors of Custom for Wool and Woolen Fells in the Port of
London.
The Title of it runs thus,
De Stapula tenenda in certo loco ordinatio, Anno
13, Edwardi
secundi;
and the Order itself thus,
Rex collectoribus custumae canarum & pellium canutarum in portu
London
salutem,
ending with these Words;
Teste Rege apud
Doveram
decimo octavo die
Junii
per ipsum Regem & consilium;
and immediately after is subjoin'd as follows;
Et postmodum per breve de privato sigillo eodem modo mandatum est collectoribus Custumae praedictae in Portubus subscriptis, videlicet.
In Portu Villae
Southampton.
In Portu Villae
Weymouth
In Portu Villae
Sancti Botolphi
In Portu Villae
Kingstone super Hull
In Portu Villae de
Novo Castro
In Portu Villae de magna
Iernemutha
In Portu Villae de
Lenne
In Portu Villae de
Gypwico
where you see
Newcastle
is number'd among the greatest PORTS of the Nation at that Time.
It would be as fatiguing as 'tis unnecessary to transcribe at length the said Order, which must therefore be omitted as well as the long Roll of the English Fleet contain'd in the 118, 119 and 120 Pages of the said Book; I shall only tell you that the Account of the Fleet is thus inscrib'd.
The Roll of the huge Fleet of
Edward III.
before
Calice,
extant in the King's great Wardrobe in
London,
whereby the wonderful Strength of
England
by Sea in those Days may appear.
This List is divided into the South and North Fleet, the Beginning and End of both which I'll give you in the Author's own Words.
The
South
Fleet
The King's Ships 25
The King's Mariners 419
London Ships 25
London Mariners 662
&c.
Sum of the South Fleet Ships 493
Sum of the South Fleet Mariners 9630
The
North
Fleet.
Bamburgh Ships 1
Bamburgh Mariners 9
Newcastle Ships 17
Newcastle Mariners 314
&c.
Sum of the
North
Fleet Ships 217
Sum of the
North
Fleet Mariners 4521
I cannot leave this List, without observing to the great Honour of that loyal and brave Town, that
Newcastle
is not exceeded in its Number of Ships by any one of all the 33 Ports nam'd in the said Enrolment of the North Fleet.
Yarmouth
alone excepted. And how can it possibly detract from the Glory of
Newcastle,
to be then out-done by
Yarmouth,
when (which is very surprizing) that same great
Yarmouth,
in
Norfolk,
fitted out a vastly greater Number both of Men and Ships, than
London
itself, the great Metropolis of the Kingdom, furnish'd his Grace with for the memorable Siege of
Calais,
where he (I mean King
Edward
III.) and his Son the Black Prince acquir'd such Renown to the English, as will render themselves and the English Nation famous to succeeding Ages.
There is one Thing more I must take Notice of before I conclude, which is, that the aforementioned Fleet Roll has no Date. I think it was about the Year 1347, when the English laid Siege to Calais, tho' I can't certainly tell, not having an English History by me at present. This is all I can find upon a cursory View of the Book that has any Relation to
Newcastle,
begging Leave, in the mean Time, to subscribe myself,
SIR,
Your very much oblig'd Humble Servant,
JOHN WILSON.
Alnwick,
Dec.
15, 1731.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Bailiffs.
1348.
Peter Graper
William
de
Acton
Hugo
de
Carliol
Hug.
de
Angreton
Jo.
de
Emeldon
1349.
The same.
The same. The same.
Extracta e Testamento
Johannis Cragg
de
Novo Castro
die Martis proximo post Festum Nativitat.
B. Johannis Baptistae.
Do & Lego, 1. CORPUS meum ad sepeliendum in Ecclesia omnium Sanctorum infra novam Cancellam.
2. In cera circa Corpus meum comburenda, sex Solidos.
Do & Lego, 3. Summo Altari Ecclesiae B.
Nicholai,
pro Decimis & Oblationibus meis non bene solutis. Sex Solidos.
4. Fabricae Ecclesiae praedictae Omnium Sanctorum, viginti Solidos.
5. Capellanis ad exequias meas venientibus, quatuor Solidos.
6. Ad omnes ordines Fratrum de praedicta Villa
Novi Castri,
tresdecim Solidos & quatuor Denarios per aequales portiones.
7. Cuidam Capellano idoneo pro Anima mea apud praedictam Ecclesiam omnium Sanctorum celebraturo duos Annos, decem Marcas.
8. Cuidam hujusmodi eunti apud S.
Jacobum,
quin
que
Marcas.
9. Capellano Parochiali ejusdem Ecclesiae Omnium Sanctorum tres Solidos & quatuor Denarios.
10. Clerico ejusdem Ecclesiae, unum Solidum.
An Extract from the Will of
John Cragg
of
Newcastle
on
Tuesday
next after the Feast of the Nativity of St.
John
the
Baptist.
I Give and Bequeath, 1.
My Body to be buried in the Church of
All-Saints,
beneath the new Chancel.
2.
In Wax to be burnt about my Body, six Shillings.
3.
To the High Altar of the Church of St.
Nicholas,
for my Tythes and Oblations not duly paid, six Shillings.
4.
To the Fabric of the aforesaid Church of
All-Saints,
twenty Shillings.
5.
To the Chaplains going to my Funeral, four Shillings.
6.
To all Orders of the Brethren of the foresaid Town of
Newcastle,
thirteen Shillings and four Pence, by equal Portions.
7.
To a sit Chaplain to celebrate for my Soul in the aforesaid Church of
All-Saints
two years, ten Marks.
8.
To another going before St.
James,
five Marks.
9.
To the Parochial Chaplain of the said Church of
All-Saints,
three Shillings and four Pence.
10.
To the Clerk of the said Church, one Shilling.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Bailiffs.
1350.
Peter Graper
William
de
Acton
Hugo
de
Carleol
Hug.
de
Angreton
Jo. de Emeldon
Assisa per Priorem
Dunelm'
contra majorem & Ballivos
Novi Castri
pro redditu annuo Domus de
Farneland.
ASSISA capta apud
Novum Castrum
super
Tynam
coram
Thoma
de
Fencotes, Thoma
de
Seton,
&
Rogero
de
Blaykeston,
Justiciariis Domini Regis ad Assisas in Comitatu
Northumbriae
capiendas Assignatis die Mercurii in tertia Septimana Quandragesimae Anno Regni Regis
Edwardi Angliae
tertii, a Conquestu vicesimo quinto, & Regni sui
Franciae,
duodecimo, virtute cujusdam Commissionis Eis &
Willielmo Basset
directae, praesentia ipsius
Wilielmi
non expectata, Virtute cujusdam brevis Domini Regis, Quod si non omnes, &c.
Assisa venerunt recognoscere si
Petrus Graper
Major Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam, Johannes
de
Emeldon, Hugo
de
Angerton, Hugo
de
Carlel,
&
Willielmus
de
Acton
Bailivi ejusdem Villae
Novi Castri
injuste disseisierint
Johannem
Priorem
Dunelm.
de libero Tenemento suo in Villa
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
post possessionem, &c. Et unde quaeritur quod disseisierunt Eum de tresdecim Marcis & decem solidatis redditus cum pertinentiis, &c.
Et
Petrus
& alii non venerunt: Et Vicecomes modo mandavit quod praedicti
Hugo
de
Angerton,
&
Hugo
de
Carlel
mortui sunt: Et praedictus
Petrus
attachiatus est per
Henricum Glassen Wright,
&
Thomam
de
Newbigging;
& praedictus
Johannes
de
Emeldon
per
Thomam
de
Newbigging
&
Thomam Stele,
& praedictus
Willielmus
per
Thomam
de
Newbegging
&
Henricum Glassen Wright:
Ideo ipsi in misericordia, & praedicta Assisa capiatur versus Eos per Desaltam, &c.
Et super hoc praedictus Prior per Attornatum suum dicit, quod Dominus Rex nunc Regnans, per Cartam suam, quod ex Testimonio Illorum quibus siduciam adhibuit, accepit quod Dominus
Edwardus
nuper Rex
Angliae
Pater suus, in vita sua verbo tenus concessit Monachis in Insula de
Farneland
juxta
Bamburgh,
quae quidem Insula Cella est Prioratus
Dunelm.
commorantibus decem quarteria Frumenti & duo dolia vini percipienda singulis annis per manus Majoris & Ballivorum de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam
de Elemosina ipsius Patris sui in perpetuum. Et quod concessio illa in Vita ipsius Patris sui non suit Executioni debite demandata, nee Literis suis aliquibus roborata. Idem Dominus Rex nunc pro salute Animae ipsius Patris, volens Voluntatem suam in hac parte adimiplere & continuare, conceslit Monachis praedictis in Recompensationem Frumenti & vini praedictorum tresdecim Marcas & decem solidos percipiendos singulis annis ad Festum S.
Michaelis
per manus Majoris & Ballivorum dictae Villae de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam,
qui pro tempore suerint de Firma ejusdem Villae,
viz,
quin
que
Mar
s pro quolibet Dolio Vini, & quinque Solidos pro quolibet quarterio Frumenti, habendos eisdem Monachis & Successoribus suis Monachis in Insula praedicta commorantibus de Elemosina sua in perpetuum; Et prosert hic in Curia praedictam Cartam Domini Regis nunc quae hoc testatur, &c. & perit Assisam: Inde capiatur Assisa, &c.
Recognitione Assisae praedictae dicunt super Sacramentum suum quod praedictus Prior suit seisitus de praedicto redditu cum pertinentiis, quous
que
praedicti
Petrus
& alii ipsum inde disseifierunt ad damnum ipsius Prioris quadraginta & unius Librarum, tresdecim Solidorum, & quatuor Denariorum. Ideo Consequens est quod praedictus Prior recuperet inde seisinam suam versus Eos per Visum Recognitionis Assisae praedictae; & damna sua praedicta; & iidem
Petrus
& alii in injuria. Et Vicecomes non omittetur propter Libertatem Villae praedictae eo quod alias,
&c.
An Assise by the Prior of
Durham
against the Mayor and Bailiffs of
Newcastle,
for the yearly Rent of the House of
Farneland.
AN Assise taken at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
before
Thomas
de
Fencotes, Thomas
de
Seton,
and
Roger
de
Blaykeston,
Justices of our Lord the King, at the Assises to be held in the County of
Northumberland,
assigned on Wednesday in the third Week of
Lent,
in the twenty fifth year of the Reign of King
Edward
in
England,
the Third from the Conquest, and the twelfth of his Reign in
France,
by virtue of a certain Commission directed to them and
William Bassep;
the Presence of the said
William
not being expected, by virtue of a certain Brief of our Lord the King, But of not all,
&c.
The Assises came to consider and know, if
Peter Graper,
Mayor, of the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, John
de
Emeldon, Hugh
de
Angerton, Hugh
de
Carlel,
and
William
de
Acton
Bailiffs of the said Town of
Newcastle
had unjustly disseised
John
Prior of
Durham
from his free Tenement in the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
after Possession,
&c.
And it is enquired why they disseised him from thirteen Marks and ten Shillings, the Rent with the Appurtenances,
&c.
And
Peter
and the others did not come; And the Sheriff declared, that the foresaid
Hugh
de
Angerton,
and
Hugh
de
Carlel
are dead: And the foresaid
Peter
is attached by
Henry Glassen Wright,
and
Thomas
de
Newbigging;
and the foresaid
John
de
Emeldon
by
Thomas
de
Newbigging
and
Thomas Stele;
and the foresaid
Wiliam
by
Thomas
de
Newbigging
and
Henry Glassen Wright:
Therefore they are in Mercy, and let the aforesaid Assise be taken against them by Default,
&c.
And upon this the aforesaid Prior by his Attorney says, That our Lord the King now reigning, by his Charter, because he heard from the Testimony of those whom he credits; That our Lord
Edward,
lately King of
England,
his Father, had in his Life, by Word of Mouth, granted to the Monks dwelling in the Island of
Farneland
near
Bamburgh,
which Island is a Cell of the Priory of
Durham,
ten Quarters of Corn and two Tuns of Wine, to be received every Year by the Hands of the Mayor and Bailiffs of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
as an Alms of his said Father for ever. And that this Grant was not duly put in Execution in the Life-time of his said Father, nor confirmed by any of his Letters. Our present Lord the King for the Health of the Soul of his Father, being willing to fulfil and continue his Will in this Part, hath granted to the aforesaid Monks as a Compensation of the aforesaid Corn and Wine, thirteen Marks and ten Shillings, to be received every year at the Feast of St.
Michael
by the Hands of the Mayor and Bailiffs of the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
then being, from the Fee of the said Town, namely, Five Marks for every Tun of Wine, and five Shillings for every Quarter of Corn, to be paid to the said Monks and their Successors dwelling in the foresaid Island as his Alms for ever; and he produces in Court the foresaid Charter of our present Lord the King, which testifies this,
&c.
And he prays Assise: Let an Assise therefore be taken,
&c.
By a Recognition of the aforesaid Assise, they say upon their Oath, that the aforesaid Prior was seised of the foresaid Rent with the Appurtenances, 'till the foresaid
Peter
and others disseised him, to the Loss of the said Prior forty one Pounds, thirteen Shillings and four Pence. It follows therefore that the aforesaid Prior may thence recover his Seisine against those by a Sight of the Recognition of the Assise aforesaid; and his Losses aforesaid; and the said
Peter
and others are in the Injury. And let not the Sheriff be omitted because of the Liberty of the aforesaid Town because that otherwise,
&c.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Bailiffs.
1351.
Gilbert Duxfield
William Acton,
sen
Jo.
del
Chambers
Jo. Emeldon
This
John
de
Camera
here mentioned, and so often below, together with
Gilbert Duxfield
the Mayor of the year before, are undoubtedly the very people mentioned in that famous
Foreign Indulgence
whose Original is in St.
Nicholas
Vestry, the Substance of which I have given in our Account of St.
Nicholas Churh.
1352.
William Strother
Richard Scot
Jo.
de
Camera
Jo. Emeldon
William Acton,
jun.
King
Edward
being displeased▪ with the
Flemings,
who had withdrawn from his Alliance and married their Earl (who was contracted to one of his Daugthers) to a Daughter of the
Duke
of
Brabant,
removed the Staple of
English Wool,
which had been set up in their Country, into
England,
to their great Damage, but to as great Benefit of the
English. Newcastle
was then made a Staple Town; the rest being
Westminster, Chichester, Canterbury, Lincoln, Warwick, York, Exeter, Caermarthen, Bristol,
and
Hull.
Echard, Rapin.
N. B. Staple
signifies this or that Town, whither the Merchants of
England
were by Act of Parliament to carry their
Wool, Cloth, Lead
and
Tin,
for the Selling of them by the Great. What were the
Staple Commodities
of this Realm may be seen in the Statue of of
14 Rich. II. c. 1.
as
Wool, Leather, Wood, Fells, Lead, Tin,
&c.
Joan
Queen of
Scots,
having got Leave of King
Edward
her Brother to visit her Husband,
David Bruce
King of
Scots,
then King
Edward's
Prisoner, came into
England
with a moderate Attendance; and upon the Mediation of
Joan
the Queen, the Prayer of
David
the Prisoner, the Prelates, great Men, and Commons of
Scotland,
the King granted to treat with them about his Deliverance. And thereupon sent to
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
the Bishop of
Duresme, William
de
Bohun
Earl of
Northampton
and Constable of
England, Gilbert d' Umfreyvill
Earl of
Anegos,
the Lords
de Porcy
and
de Nevill, William
Baron of
Greystock
and
Henry
le
Scoop,
his Commissioners, with full Power to treat with the Bishop of St.
Andrews
and
Brechin, Patrick
of
Dunbar,
Earl of the March of
Scotland,
the Abbot of
Dumsermelin,
and Master
Walter
de
Moffet
Archdeacon of
Leonosse,
Commissioners for
Scotland. Brady's Contin. p. 253.
1353.
Peter Graper
John
de
Emeldon
Jo.
de
Chambre
William
de
Strother
Wm.
de
Acton,
jun.
1354.
The same.
The same. The same.
King
Edward
appointed Commissioners to treat with the
Scots
concerning
David
's Liberty. This Negociation, which went on slowly, ended at length in a Treaty which was concluded at
Newcastle,
July the 13th, whereby
Edward
obliged himself to set
David
free for a Ransome of
Fourscore thousand Marks of Silver.
This Treaty was not executed 'till
3
years after, viz.
1357. Rapin, Act. Publ. V. p. 793, 799.
1355.
Wm.
del
Strother
William Acton
John Emeldon
Richard Scott.
Jo. Chambre
The King having received news that the
Scots
had surprized the Town of
Berwick,
marched in the latter End of
November
with a great Army towards
Scotland,
and kept his
Christmas
at
Newcastle
upon
Tyne. Brad. Contin. 256.
1356.
The same.
Nich. Barrot
1357.
The same.
Jo. Emeldon
Nich. Barrot
Jo.
de
Camera
Nich. Acton.
Castle-Field
and
Castle-moor
confirmed to the Town of
Newcastle. Vide our Account of these Places.
1358.
The same.
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Jo.
del
Chambers
Nich. Barrot
Will
de
Acton
1359.
The same.
Jo.
de
Camera
Will.
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Nich.
1360.
Wm.
de
Strother.
Jo.
de
Camera
Wm.
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Nich.
—
1361.
Jo. Chambers.
Jo. Emeldon
Jo.
de
Ruffen
Jo. Stanhope
Elias
de
Frawhitt
A great Dearth and Pestilence in
England.
1362.
The same.
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Elias
de
Frawhitt
Jo.
de
Stanhope
Robert
de
Duxfield
This Year the King gave to this Town a Grant for
10
years of certain Duties upon Goods and Merchandizes for Repiaring of Bridges.
1363.
Rob. Angerton
Jo. Emeldon
Jo. Stanhope
Wm. Acton
Jo. Byker
A Frost in
England
from the midst of
September
to the Month of
April.
1364.
The same
Wm.
de
Acton,
Jo. Ruffan
Jo.
de
Stanhope
1365.
Rich.
de
Stanhope
Wm.
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Jo. Stanhope
Jo.
de
Ruffan
1366.
Wm.
de
Acton
Jo.
de
Stanhope
Tho. Graper
Jo.
de
Ruffan
Jo.
de
Byker
1367.
The same.
Jo.
de
Emeldon
Jo.
de
Preston
Jo.
de
Byker
Jo. Houghell
1368.
The same.
The same. The same.
1369.
Rob. Angreton
Tho. Graper
Jo. Bulkham
Jo. Ruffan
Steph. Whitgrave
E Testamento
Nicholai Coke
Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
dato tertio die
Septemb.
Do & Lego, 1. FRatribus
Carmelitanis Novi Castri
sexaginta Petras Ferri.
2. Fratribus Praedicatoribus ejusdem Villae, viginti sex solidos, & octo denarios.
3. Fratribus minoribus viginti solidos.
4. Fratribus
Augustininis
viginti solidos.
5. Summo Altari B.
Nicholai
viginti solidos.
6. Altari B.
Mariae
Ecclesiae praedictae sex solidos, & octo denarios.
7. Fabricae Capellae S.
Johannis
tresdecim solidos & quatuor denarios.
8. Fabricae Fenestrae in Choro S.
Nicholai
viginti solidos.
9. Capellanis ad celebrandum pro anima mea in Ecclesia S.
Nicholai
triginta Libras.
From the Will of
Nicholas Coke
of the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
dated the third Day of
September.
I give and bequeath,
1.
TO the
Carmelite
Brethren of
Newcastle
Sixty Stone of Iron.
2.
To the preaching Brethren of the said Town, twenty six Shillings and eight Pence.
3.
To the Minor Brethren twenty Shillings.
4.
To the
Augustin
Brethren twenty Shillings.
5.
To the High Altar of St.
Nicholas
twenty Shillings.
6.
To the Alar of St.
Mary
's in the foresaid Church six Shillings and four Pence.
7.
To the Fabric of the Chapel of St.
John
thirteen Shillings and four Pence.
8.
To the Fabric of the Window in the Choir of St.
Nicholas
Twenty Shillings.
9.
To the Chaplains to celebrate for my Soul in the Church of St.
Nicholas
thirty Pounds.
About this year flourished
Nicholas Durham,
born in the Northern Parts,
Carmelite
-Fryer at
Newcastle,
and Doctor of Divinity, a learned and constant Opposer of the Errours of
John Wickleif.
He writ on the
Master of the Sentences; Originals of Doctors; Resolutions of Questions;
and
against
Wicklief
's Articles.
Steph. Addit.
2
Vol. in Carm.
1360.
The same.
The same. The same.
1371.
The same.
The same. The same.
Carta
Hugonis Makson
de
Novo Castro
&
Christianae
Uxoris ejus de uno Messuagio in
Ballio
boreali
Dunelmi
facta
Ricardo
de Castro
Bernardi
Clerico.
OMnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint
Hugo Makson
de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam
&
Christiana
Uxor ejus Salutem in Domino sempiternam. Noveritis Nos dedisse, Concessisse, & hac praesenti Carra nostra confirmasse
Ricardo
de Castro
Bernardi
Clerico unum Messuagium cum Pertinentiis in
Ballio
boreali
Dunelm.
sicut jacet inter Tenementum Magistri Hospitalis de
Kepyer
ex una parte & Tenementum quondam
Gilberti Clerici
ex altera, Habendum & tenendum praedictum Messuagium cum pertinentiis praedicto
Ricardo,
Haeredibus, & Assignatis suis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius, per servitia debita & consueta in perpetuum. Et nos vero praedicti
Hugo
&
Cristina
Haeredes & Assignati nostri praedictum Messuagium cum pertinentiis praedicto
Ricardo,
Haeredibus & Assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus Rei Testimonium huic praesenti Cartae sigilla nostra apposuimus his Testibus
Adamo Tabeler
Capellano,
Willielmo
del
Orchard
Clerico,
&c.
Datum
Dunelmi
die Mercurii proximo post Festum S.
Luciae
Virginis Anno Domini 1371.
A Charter of
Hugh Makson
of
Newcastle
and
Christian
his Wife, concerning one Messuage in the North
Baily
of
Durham,
made to
Richard
of
Bernard
's Castle, Clerk.
TO all to whom these present Letters shall come,
Hugh Makson
of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
and
Christian
his Wife, Greeting in the Lord eternal. Know ye that We have given, granted, and by this our present Charter have confirmed to
Richard
of
Bernard
's Castle, Clerk, one Messuage with its Appurtenances in the North
Baily
of
Durham,
as it lies between the Tenement of the Master of the Hospital of
Kepyer
on the one Part, and the Tenement formerly of
Gilbert Clerk
on the other; To have and to hold the aforesaid Messuage with it's Appurtenances to the aforesaid
Richard
his Heirs and Assigns from the Capital Lords of that Fee, by the due and usual Services for ever. And We the aforesaid
Hugh
and
Christian,
our Heirs and Assigns, the foresaid Messuage with its Appurtenances, to the foresaid
Richard,
his Heirs and Assigns, will warrant and for ever defend against all Mankind. In Witness whereof we have placed our Seals to this present Charter. Witnesses
Adam Tabeler
Chaplain,
William
del
Orchard
Clerk,
&c.
Given at
Durham
on Wednesday next after the Feast of St.
Lucy
the Virgin, in the year of our Lord
1371.
1372.
The same.
The same.
1373.
The same.
The same.
1374.
The same.
The same.
1375.
William Scott
Jo. Stanhope
Tho. Graper
Jo.
de
Ruffan
Jo.
de
Byker
1376.
Jo. Bulgham
Laurence Acton
Tho.
de
Horton
Robt. Plumber
William Durham
The King dyed
June 21
and
Richard II.
was crown'd in
July
following, when he was
9
years old.
1377.
The same.
The same.
Richard
II.
King
Rich.
in the 1st year of his Reign
1378,
confirm'd to this Town all the Grants and Charters of the Kings his Predecessors.
1378.
The same
The same.
1379.
Rich. Stanhope.
Adam
de
York
Thomas
de
Morden
Will. Bishopsdale
Robert Oliver
One
John Coke
of this Town dy'd at
Norham,
and was buried at
St. Nicholas,
who left beside Legacies to his Relations, a Quantity of Iron to the
Carmelites
of this Town; to the
Black-Fryers 1
l.
6
s.
8
d. to the
Franciscan Fryers 20
Shillings, to the
Augustines 20
Shillings; to the High Altar of St.
Nicholas 20
Shillings; to the Altar of St.
Mary
in the same Church,
6
Shillings and
8
Pence; to the Building of the Window in the Quire of St.
Nicholas 20
Shillings. He left also to the Chaplains to celebrate for his Soul in this same Church: He left also to the Building of the Bridge at
Warkwith,
in Case it was built within two years after the Making of his Will,
20
Marks; and in Case it was not, he left them to the Bridge of
Bolbec.
Over and above what he left his Daughter,
Agnes,
he bequeathed to her his
Silver-Cup;
to
William
of
Durham
his Girdle and
20
Shillings; and to a Number of poor Men
27
Dozen of Russet,
&c.
1380.
The same.
The same
Relaxatio
Katherinae Fossour
de Terris & Tenementis
Will. Sire
in
Qwicham, Gatesheved,
&
Heberne.
OMnibus ad quos praesens scriptum pervenerit
Katherina
quae sui uxor
Johannis
de
Bischopdale
Salutem in Domino. Noveritis Me remisisse, relaxasse, & omnino de Me & Haeredibus meis in perperuum quietum clumasse Dominis
Wilhelmo
de
Lanchester
Vicario S.
Oswaldi
in
Dunelmo
&
Welhelmo
de
Graystanes
Capellano, Haeredibus & Assignatis suis totum Jus & Clameum quod habui, habeo seu aliquo modo habere potero in omnibus terris & tenementis, Redditibus, & Servitiis, cum suis pertinentiis, ac in Reversionibus quibuscun
que
quae quondam fuerunt
Wilhelmi Sire
in
Gatesheved Whycham
&
Heberne,
ita videlicet quod nec ego praedicta
Katherina,
nec Haeredes mei, nec aliquis alius nomine meo in praedictis terris & Tenementis Redditibus & Servitiis, ac Reversionibus cum suis Pertinentiis aliquod Jus vel Clameum de caetero exigere vel vendicare poterimus, sed ab omni Juris Actione simus exclusi in perpetuum per praesentes. Et Ego vero
Katherina
& Haeredes mei omnia praedicta, terras & Tenementa, Redditus & Servitia, cum Reversionibus & suis Pertinentiis universis praesatis
Wilhelmo
&
Wilhelmo,
Haeredibus & Assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus, acquietabimus, & in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei Testimonium huie scripto Sigillum meum apposui his testibus
Roberto Oliver,
de
Novo Castro, Johanne
de
Elvet
de
Dunelm. Gilberto
silio ejus,
Hugone
de
Corbrigg,
& aliis. Datum apud
Novum Castrum
vicesimo octavo die
Augusti,
anno Domini 1380.
A Release of
Katharine Fossour
from the Lands and Tenements of
William Sire
in
Qwicham, Gatesheved,
and
Heberne.
TO all to whom this present Waiting shall come, I
Katherine,
who was the Wife of
John
de
Bischopdale,
Greeting in the Lord. Know ye, that I have remitted, released, and altogether from me and my Heirs have for ever quitted Claim to the Masters
William
de
Lanchester
Vicar of St.
Oswald
's in
Durham,
and
William
de
Graystanes
Chaplain, to their Heirs and Assigns, all the Right and Claim, which I had, have, or any way may have in all the Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, with their Appurtenances, and in whatever Reversions which formerly were of
William Sire,
in
Gatesheved Whycham
and
Heberne.
namely so, that neither I the foresaid
Katherine,
nor my Heirs, nor any other in my Name, may for the Future demand or challenge any Right or Claim in the foresaid Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, and Reversions with their Appurtenances, but may for ever be excluded from all Action of Law by these Presents. And I
Katherine
and my Heirs all the foresaid Lands and Tenements, Rents and Services, with the Reversions and all their Appurtenances to the aforesaid
William
and
William,
t heir Heirs and Assigns will warrant, acquit, and for ever defend against all Mankind. In Witness whereof I have placed my Seal to this Writing. Witnesses,
Robert Oliver
of
Newcastle, John
de
Elvet
of
Durham, Gilbert
his Son,
Hugh
de
Corbrigg,
and others. Given at
Newcastle
the Twenty Fighth Day of
August,
in the Year of our Lord
1380.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Bailiffs.
Thomas Hatfield,
Bishop of
Durham
dy'd in the beginning of
May,
and was suceeded by
John Fordham,
who was consecrated to this See,
May
the 29th, this same year, and was enthroned
Sept. 1382.
1381.
The same.
The same.
There was a general Earthquake, of the Effects of which the Waters did partake, insomuch that it made the Ships in the Havens to totter.
1382.
Will. Bishopsdale
Lurentius Acton
Jo. Heworth
Wm. Johnson
Jo. Thornton
1383.
The same.
The same. The same.
The Bishop of
Durham
was hindred from meddling with any Thing to the
River Tyne.
1384.
The same.
The same.
1385.
The same.
The same. The same.
1386.
Adam Bulkham
Laurentuis Acton
Sampson Harding
Rob.
de
Raynton
Jo.
de
Horton
1387.
The same.
The same.
There happened this year at
Otterbourne
in
Northumberland,
a slout Engagement between the
Scots
and
English,
Victory
3
or
4
Times changing Sides, and at last fixing with the
Scots,
(for
Henry Percy
for his youthful forwardness By-named
Hotspur
) who Commanded the
English,
was himself taken Prisoner, and lost fifteen hundred of his Men; and
William Douglas
the Scotch General fell with the greatest Part of his Army, so that never was there a greater Instance of the Martial Prowess of both Nations.
Camb. Brit.
p.
850.
The Annotator upon this has the following Words,
We may be allowed to remark here what a Person of great Honour and Skill in our English, Antiquities has held before, that the old Ballad of
Chevy Chace,
(Sir
Philip Sidney
's Delight) has no other Foundation for its Story, save only the Battle of
Otterburne.
There was never any other
Percy
engaged against a
Douglas,
but this
Henry,
who was indeed Heir to the Earl of
Northumberland,
but never lived to enjoy the Honour himself. Sir
John Froysart
(who lived at that Time) gives the fullest Account of the Darcl
, but says
rova
Bard
James Douglas
who was the
Scottish
General.
See
Eachard, Rapin.
John Nevil,
Lord
Raby,
dy'd at
Newcastle,
possessed of the Barony and Castle of
Bywell; Walter Skirlaw,
Bishop of
Wells
was removed from thence to
Durham,
in the room of
John Fordham,
in the Month of
September.
1388.
The same.
The same.
1389.
The same.
The same.
This Year was granted to this Mayor, that he and his Successors should have a
Sword
born before them.
1390.
Wm. Bishopdale
The same.
1391.
The same.
Laurentius Acton
William Johnson
John
de
Aukland
Hen.
de
Carliol
1392.
The same.
The same.
1393.
The same.
The same.
1394.
The same.
The same.
1395.
The same.
The same.
1396.
Sampson Harding
The same.
1397.
The same.
The same.
1398.
The same.
The same.
The King was sent to the Tower and deposed. He resign'd his Crown on Friday
September
29th, and
Henry
Duke of
Lancaster
was proclaimed King by the Name of
Henry
4th.
1399.
The same.
The same.
1400.
Roger Thorton
The same
Henry
IV.
This King,
May 23.
in the the 1st Year of his Reign, was humbly petitioned by the Burgesses of
Newcastle,
that his Majesty would be graciously pleased to divide the Town and Corporation from the County of
Northumberland,
and grant them a Sheriff with more Liberties and Immunities; which was granted, and that the Corporation of
Newcastle
should be a distinct County of itself disjoined from the County of
Northumberland,
which was not to meddle in the said new County, as by the Charter appears more at large, upon Record in the Tower of
London. Gardener.
He granted by the same Charter, that a
Sheriff
was to be annually chosen instead of Bailiffs, that he should keep a Court on
Wednesday
from Month to Month, in the same Manner as the other Sheriffs of the Kingdom held theirs. The Sheriff was to account before the
Barons
by an Attorney deputed, which should be authentic, and to have Return of all Writs,
&c.
Afterwards
William Redmershall
was elected the first Sheriff.
The same King also, of his more abundant Kindness to the
Burgesses
of this Town; as appears by the same Charter; gave them a Power of chusing from among themselves
Et ulterius uberiori Gratia nostra concessimus, &c. quod ipsi singulis annis de sepsis eligere possint sex Aldermannos toties quoties necesse fuerit.
Lib. Cart.
six Aldermen, each of which had given him the full Power of a Justice of Peace.
After Kings confirmed to the Mayor and Commonalty all the Royalties of the River
Tyne
from
Sparrow-hawk
to
Heddin Streams,
and that no Ship load or unload any manner of Goods, Wares, and Merchandizes in any Place of the River but only the Key of
Newcastle. Grey.
This is mentioned in the Charter where the Contest is mentioned between the Town and the Prior of
Tinmouth. Lib. Cart. p. 87, 88.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1401.
The same.
William Redmarshaes
This Year our eminent
Roger Thornton
transacted the following Lease with
Walter Skirlaw,
then Bishop of
Durham;
a Piece to be valued for some not impertinent Expressions.
CET Endenture faite par entre
Wauter
par la Grace de Dieu Evesque du
Duresme
d'une partie, &
Roger de Thorneton
de
Noes-chastell sur Tyne
d'autre part, tesmoigne, que le dit Evesque a graunte & a ferme lesse a l'avaunt dit
Roger
un myngrove de plumbe appelle
Blakden Ester
&
Wester,
& un autre myngrove de plumbe appelle
Aldwode-clogh,
& un autre place appelle
Harderake,
a avoir & tenir a l'avaunt dit
Roger
& ses Assignez a terme de dusze ans procheyn ensuants apres les Fest de Seynt
Mychell
darrein passe, rendant ent par an a l'avant dit Evesque & a ses Successours le neur lade de c
m de plumbe tantost come is est gaine & demaunde par ascun ministre de l'avaunt dit Evesque a ce assignes de recevir. Et le dit
Roger
avera une convenable Shele en le Forest de
Werdale
pour la sustinaunce de ses chivalx cariants le eour provenant de les dits groves, paiant ent annuelment a le meistre Forester la aunciene ferme. Et le dit
Roger
overa & maynuvra bien & suffisauntement par vieu de Surveiour de nos mynes illoques tous les groves & place avantdits, & chescun de eux par tour le temps avant dit solone la Ley & Custome de myne de plumbe in
Werdale:
Et si ascun de les groves ou place avant dits gist nient maynures par demy an devis le Ferme susdit, adonqs ben life a le dit Evesque & ses Successours maynuvrer ou lesser a Ferme a sa volontee ceste grove ou place qui giest ensyment maynuvres. Et le dit Evesque voet & graunt que le dit
Roger
est suffisamentes de maereme a son meliour ease pour la sustinaunce & mayntenaunce de les myngroves & place avandites par vieu de meistre Forestier durant le terme avantdir. Et le dit
Roger
avera Wayleve pour son cariage pour les avantdits eour de plumbe & maereme & autres necessairs a ce appourtenaunts durant le terme susdit. En Tesmoignaunce de quelx chose si bien le dit Evesque come l'avant dit
Roger
a cestes Evidences entrechaungeablement ont mys lour Sealx. Donne le premier jour de
December,
l'an du reigne le Roy
Henry
quart puis le conquest tierce.
THIS Indenture made between
Walter
by the Grace of God Bishop of
Durham
on the one Part, and
Roger Thornton
of
Newcastle upon Tyne
of the other Part, witnesseth, That the said Bishop hath granted and to Farm demised to the foresaid
Roger
one Myne of Lead called
Blakden
the
Easter
and
Wester,
and another Lead Myne called
Aldwode-clough,
and an other Place called
Harderake,
to have and to hold to the aforesaid
Roger
and his Assigns for the Term of twelve Years next ensuing after the Feast of St.
Michael
last past, paying for the same yearly to the above named Bishop and to his Successors the ninth Load of Lead Ore, as soon as it shall be wrought and be demanded by any Officer of the above named Bishop assigned to receive the same. And the said
Roger
shall have a convenient Sheeld in the Forest de
Weredale
for the seeding of his Horses used in the Carriage of such Ore as the said Groves produce, paying yearly to the capital Forester the usual Rent therefor. And the said
Roger
shall keep open and well and sufficiently work all these Groves and Place during the Term aforesaid, under the Inspection of our Surveyor of all our Mynes, according to the Laws and the Custom of the
Weredale
Lead Mynes: And if any of the said Groves or the Place aforesaid shall remain unwrought half a Year after granting the said Farm, it shall be lawful for the said Bishop and his Successors to work or convey by a new Lease at their Pleasure such Groove or Place as lies so unwrought. And the said Bishop yields and consents that the said
Roger
shall have Timber in sufficient Quantities at his Pleasure, necessary for the Support and good Preservation of the said Mynes and Place, by the Inspection of the chief Forester during the aforesaid Term. And the said
Roger
shall enjoy free Wayleave to his Carriages as well of Lead Ore as Timber and other Necessaries thereunto appertaining, during the Term named. In Witness whereof, as well the said Bishop as the before named
Roger
have interchangeably to this Evidence affixed their Seals. Dated the first Day of
December,
in the third Year of the Reign of King
Henry
the Fourth.
1402.
Robert Chirdon.
John Bywellgne.
1403.
The same.
The same.
Confirmatio
Willielmi de Norham
Capellani super custodia Cantariae B.
Mariae
in Ecclesia de
Gatesheved
ante septuaginta annos fundatae, cum ejusdem Confirmatione Episcopali & Capitulari.
UNIVERSIS Christi fidelibus praesentes Literas inspecturis
Johannes
Prior & Capitulum Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
Salutem in Auctore Salutis. Noverit Universitas vestra nos Literas venerabilis Patris & Domini, Dom.
Walteri
Dei gratia
Dunelm.
Episcopi inspexisse Tenorem, qui sequitur, continentes.
Walterus
Dei gratia Episcopus
Dunelm.
Omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint Salutem. Inspeximus quandam Cartam fundationis & creationis cujusdam Cantariae in Ecclesia parochiali de
Gatesheved
in haec verba. Sciant praesentes & futuri quod nos
Alanus
filius
Rogeri Prester
&
Alanus
dictus
Prester
de
Gatesheved Dunolm.
Dioces. ad cultus divini augmentationem, pro Animabus nostris, patrum & matrum nostrorum, & omnium parentum, omnium
que
fidelium defunctorum dedimus, concessimus, & hac praesenti carta nostra cirographata confirmavimus Dom.
Rogero de Thorington
Capellano suo perpetuo singulis diebus ad altare B.
Mariae
Virginis in porticu boriali in Ecclesia parochiali de
Gatesheved
divina celebraturo totum illud tenementum cum fuis pertinent. prout se extendit inter tenementum illud quod
Adam Broun
quondam tenuit ex parte boriali & cursum fontis vocati Saynt
Marywell
ex parte australi, & totum illud tenementum cum pertin. suis sicut jacet infra villam de
Gatesheved
inter messuagium
Gilberti Maitoun
ex parte una, & messuagium
Alani Seler
ex altera; & unum messuagium cum pertin. in
Pipewellgate
prout jacet inter terram
Gilberti Gategang
& terram
Roberti Tryppe
& extendit se in longitudine de
Hengledyk
us
que
ad
Ground Ebb
de
Tyne;
& unum messuagium cum pertin in
Helgate
sicut jacet in latitudine inter terram quondam
Clementis de Boveria
ex parte una & communem
Runilum
ex parte altera, & extendit se in longitudine a venello de
Helgate
us
que
le
Ground Ebb
de
Tyne;
& totum illud tenementum cum suis pertin. prout jacet in latitudine inter terram
Petri de Lewe
ex parte una & terram
Thomae de Vaux
ex parte altera, & extendit se in longitudine a via Regia us
que
ad terras Dominicas ex parte orientali; & illud messuagium cum suis pertin. sicut jacet in latitudine inter venellum quod dicitur S.
Mariae
infra villam de
Gatesheved
ex parte boriali & terram
Walteri de Crayk
ex parte australi, & extendit se in longitudine a via Regia us
que
ad terram praedicti
Walteri
ex parte orientali, & quondam terram in villa de
Gatesheved
jacentem in longitudine a via juxta murum cimaeterii, us
que
ad terram quondam
Stephani
Praepositi in
Aykewelgate,
& in latitudine a via Regia in
Aykewelgate
us
que
ad terram
Ricardi Schell;
& totum illud tenementum cum suis pertin. sicut jacet in longitudine & latitudine inter messuagium quondam
Radulphi Tinctoris
ex parte una, & messuag.
Hugonis Tinctoris
ex parte altera; & totum illud messuagium cum edificiis & pertin. sicut jacet in latitudine inter messuag. quondam
Hugonis Piscarii
ex parte una, & messuag.
Johannis Gategang
ex parte altera, & extendit se in longitudine ab alta via us
que
Runilum
qui ducit de fonte B.
Helenae.
Item totum illud messuag. cum edificiis & pertin. suis in villa de
Gatesheved
sicut jacet in longitudine a via Regia us
que
Aykewelburn,
& in latitudine inter terram
Willielmi Lardener
ex parte una, & terram
Alani Seler
ex parte altera: Item totum illud messuag cum adifi
& per
iu
suis sicut jacet in
Aykewelgate
in longitudine a via Regia us
que
ad Dominicas terras Dom. Episcopi
Dunelm.
& in latitudine inter terram
Petri Fullonis
ex parte una, & terram quondam
Thomae Mylis
ex altera parte: Item unum annuum redditum sex solidorum & octo denariorium exeuntem de toto illo tenemento cum pertin▪ sicut jacet in latitudine inter tenementum in quo
Robertus Littester
inhabitavit ex parte una, & terram quam
Petrus Littester
tenet in feodo de
Gilberto Gategang,
& in longitudine a via Regia us
que
ad currilegium
Johannis Roughed,
una cum omnibus aliis & singulis terris, redditibus, & tenementis, quae & quas die confectionis praesentium habuimus, seu nobis ex dono, feoffamento, sive jure haereditario proveniebant aut descendebant infra villam de
Gatesheved
five in territorio ejusdem, habenda & tenenda dicto Dom.
Rogero de Thorington
& successoribus suis Capellanis ad dictum altare divina, ut supradictum est, celebraturis de Capitalibus Dominis Feodi illius per servitia inde debita & consueta libere, quiere, integre, bene & in pace in perpetuum. Et volumus quod post decessum nostrum communitas villae de
Gatesheved
habeat jus patronatus dictae Cantariae, ita quod duodecim, decem, vel octo, de probioribus & discretioribus hominibus dictae communitatis ad hoc eligendi possint ad dictam Cantariam, quotiescun
que
ipsam vacare contigerit post decessum
Rogeri de Thorington
Capellani, unum Capellanum idoneum & honestum eligere, & in dicta Cantaria cum omnibus suis juribus & pertin. in corporalem possessionem inducere. Et quod sic fiat electio & institutio in perpetuum, volumus etiam quod praesatus
Rogerus de Thorington
Capellanus per nos sic electus, & omnes sui successores statim a tempore suae admissionis & electionis ad candem Cantatiam, continuam & personalem saciant residentiam, divina, ut supra dictum est, singulis diebus per annum a Canone licite provisis, celebrando: Quam quidem residentiam, si canonico ipsi Capellani impedimento facere nequiveriut, cessante illo impedimento, ad eam redeant faciendom, unusquis
que
successive post alium. Volumus etiam, quod singuli Capellani ad dictam Cantariam, ut praemittitur, sic electi Rectori Ecclesiae parochialis de
Gatesheved,
qui pro tempore fuerit, de observando Ecclesiam suam de suis juribus universis & singulis indemnem corporale facient juramentum. Et nos
Alanus
filins
Rogeri Proster,
&
Alanus
dictus
Prester,
& haeredes nostri omnia praedicta terras, redditus, & tenementa, cum omnibus edisiciis & pertin. suis praedicto
Rogero de Thorington
& successoribus suis Capellanis, ut praedictum est contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & desendemus in perpetuum. In cujus rei Testimonium tam nos
Alanus
&
Alanus,
quam dictus Ds.
Rogerus
huic Cartae cirographatae Sigilla nostra apposuimus, & ad majorem sidem Sigillum Communitatis villae de
Gatesheved
apponi procuravimus: His Testibus
Petro de Lewe
tunc Ballivo de
Gatesheved, Joh. Gategang, Jacobo Gategang, Willielmo
sillo
Hutredi, Rogero Rede, Roberto Horne. Thoma Vaux, Steph. Nedoler, Thoma de Bowes, Waltero Potter, Radulpho Brydok, Johanne Lardener, Ricardo de Tesedall, Willielmo Horner,
& aliis. Dat. apud
Gatesheved
die
Deminica
in Festo
Matthiae
Apostoli,
Anno Doin.
1330. Quae omnia & singula in praedicta Caria contenta, data, concessa, & sacta suerunt, Licentia nostra seu predecessorum nostrorum super hoc non obtenta. Nos enim ad Honorem Dei, S.
Mariae
Virginis, & in augmentationem divini servitii, ad supplicationem tam
Willielmi de Norham
nunc Custodis Cantariae praedictae, quam Communitatis villae praedictae, creationem & fundationem praedictas, necnon donationem & concessionem de praedictis terris, tenementis, & redditibus, cum suis pertin. praedicto
Rogero
& successoribus suis in forma praedicta sactas, & omnia alia in dicta Carta contenta, rata, habentes & grata, ea
que
pro nobis & successoribus nostris, quantum in nobis est, approbamus, ratificamus, & tenore praesentium concedimus & confirmamus, statuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obstante. Concedimus etiam per praesentes tam ad supplicationem praedicti
Willielmi de Norham,
nunc Custodis, quam praedictae Communitatis, quod praedictus
Willielmus de Norham,
Capellanus nunc Custos praedictae Cantariae & successores sui Capellani habeant omnia praedicta terras, tenementa, & redditus cum pertin. habenda & tenenda praedicto
Willielmo de Norham
& successoribus suis Capellanis Custodibus Cantariae praedictae, Divina ad altare praedictum pro anima nostra, & pro animabus patris & matris nostrorum, & pro animabus dictorum
Alani
&
Alani,
& pro animabus patrum & matrum eorum, & pro animabus omnium fidelium defunctorum in perpetuum celebraturis ut praedictum est. Concedimus etiam praedictae Communitati ad supplicationem ipsius Communitatis, quod ipsi & successores sui habeant & possideant jus patronatus Cantariae praedictae, & quod duodecim, decem, vel octo de probioritus & discretioribus hominibus Communitatis praedictae ad hoc per Communitatem praedictam eligendi, possunt ad dictam Cantatiam post decessum praefati
Willielmi de Norham,
quandocun
que
ipsam vacare contigerit, unum Capellanum idoneum & honestum nobis & successoribus nostris praesentare, qui cum per nos aut successores admissus & institutus fuerit per Rectorem Ecclesiae parochialis de
Gatesheved,
qui pro tempore fuerit, & seu eo absente, aut ipsa Ecclesia vacante, per Capellanum parochialem ejusdem, in corporalem possessionem dictae Cantariae cum omnibus suis juribus & pertin. auctoritate nostra inducatur, & continuam residentiam faciat, ad altare praedictum Divina celebrando secundum formam, vim, & effectum Cartae praedictae. Ita tamen quod dictus
Willielmus de Norham
nunc Custos dictae Cantariae, & successores sui Capellani dictae Cantariae, in eorum admissione corporale praestent juramentum de orando pro anima nostra, & animabus patris & matris nostrorum, & pro animabus praedictorum
Alani
&
Alani,
ac pro animabus patrum & matrum eorum, & animabus omnium fidelium defunctorum in forma supradicta statuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obstante. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Dat.
Dunelm.
per manus
Roberti de Wycliff
Cancellarii nostri, fecundo die
Novemb.
anno Pontif. nostri quinto decimo.
Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Capitulum memorati ratas habentes & gratas eas pro nobis & successoribus nostris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praesentium confirmamus. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum commune praesentibus est appensum. Dat. in domo nostra Capitulari octavo die
Augusti, An. Dom.
1403.
1404.
The same.
The same.
Reginaldus Porter
Vicarius Ecclesiae Paroch. de
Pittington,
constitutus Custos Hospitalis B.
Edmundi
in
Gatesheved.
WALTERUS
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus, dilecto filio
Reginaldo Porter
perpetuo Vicario parochialis Ecclesiae de
Pitington
nostrae Dioces. salutem, gratiam & benedictionem. De tuis igitur fidelitate, prudentia, & conscientia puritate plenius confidentes, Custodiam Hospitalis B.
Edmundi
Regis in
Gatesheved
nostrorum Patronatus & Dioces. ad totam vitam tuam committimus & concedimus per praesentes, tuam expresse onerantes conscientiam, ut bona ipsius Hospitalis diligenter congreges & conserves, ac in usus deputatos fideliter facias erogari. Per hoc autem nolumus nec intendimus naturam seu fundationem dicti Hospitalis in aliquo immutare. quin te decente, seu dictum Hospitale quovis modo dimittente Hospitale praedictum alteri personi idoneae, in natura Hospitalis, & forma Clementinae
quia contingit liber,
committi valeat, hac nostra commissione seu concessione penitus non obstante. In cujus rei Testimonium, Sigillum nostrum fecimus his apponi. Dat. apud manerium nostrum de
Aukland,
tertio die mensis
Decemb.
nostrae translationis anno undecimo.
1405.
The same.
The same.
1406.
The same.
The same.
This Year died
Walter Skirlaw
Bishop of
Durham: Thomas Langley
succeeded, and was consecrated
May
the 7th.
Confirmatio super quibusdam Redditibus amortuatis ad Cantariam in Ecclesia
Omnium Sanctorum
in
Novo Castro.
UNIVERSIS Christi fidelibus praesentes Literas inspecturis,
Johannes
Prior & Conventus Ecclesiae cathedral.
Dunelm
salutem in Dom. sempiternam. Noveritis nos Literas venerabilis in Christo Patris & Domini, Dom.
Walteri
Dei gratla Episcopi
Dunelm.
sub tenore qui sequitur, inspexisse.
Walterus
Dei gratia Episcopus
Dunelm.
omnibus ad quos praesentes literas pervenerim, salutem. Quia accepimus per inquisitionem quam per
Robertum Conyers
Escaetorum nostrum in Comitat.
Dunelm.
fieri fecimus, quod non est ad damnum vel prejudicium nostrum aut aliorum, si concedamus
Ricardo Fysschlake
Capellano, quod ipse unum messuag. cum pertin. in
Gatesheved,
quod jacet inter tenementum
Agnetis Lutter
ex parte boreali, quondam in tenura
Thomae de Moderby,
& tenementum
Nelae de Chatton,
quod quondam fuit in tenura
Thomae Stirteys
Militis, ex parte australi; & quendam annuum redditum novem solidorum & sex denariorum excuntem de tenemenio nuper
Johannis Cuke
desuncti, modo in tenura
Margaretae,
uxoris ejus in eadem villa, quae de nobis tenentur in capite, dare possit & assignare dilecto nobis in Christo
Ricardo Willesby
Capellano Custodi Cantariae S.
Johannis Evangelistae
in Ecclesia
Omnium Sanctorum
in villa
Novi Castri super Tynam,
habenda & tenenda sibi & successoribus suis Capellanis & Custodibus Cantariae praedictae, in subventionem sustentationis suae de nobis & successoribus nostris per servitia inde debita & consueta in perpetuum: & eidem
Ricardo Willesby
quod ipse praedicta messuagium & rodditum cum pertin. a praefato
Ricardo Fyssblake
recipete possit & tenere sibi & successoribus suis praedictis Capellanio Custodibus Cantariae praudictae in perpetuum, sicut praedictum est, tenore praesentium familiter licentiam dedimus specialem, statuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obstante. Nolentes quod praedictus
Ricardus Fyssblake
vel haeredes sui, aut praefatus
Ricardus Willesby
vel successores sui ratione praemissorum per nos vel successores nostros, Justiciarios, Escaetores, Vicecomites, aut alios Ballivos, seu Ministros nostros quoscun
que
occasionentur, molestentur in aliquo, seu graventur: Salvis semper nobis & successoribus nostris, & aliis Capitalibus Dominis feodi illius, redditibus & servitiis inde debitis & consuetis. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Dat.
Dunelm.
per manus
Rob. de Wycliff
Cancellarii nostri, vicesimo die
Octob.
anno Pontif. nostri septimo decimo.
Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Conventus memorati ratas habentes pariter & acceptas, eas pro nobis & successoribus nostris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praesentium confirmamus, juribus & libertatibus Ecclesiae
Dunelm.
in omnibus semper salvis. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum commune Capituli nostri praesentibus est appensum. Dat.
Dunelm.
in domo nostra Capitulari, decimo die mensis
Novemb. Anno Dom.
1406.
1407.
The same.
The same.
1408.
The same.
The same.
1409.
William Aughton
William Middleton
1410.
The same.
The same.
1411.
The same.
The same.
The King died
March
the 20th, and the next Day his Son King
Henry V.
was proclaimed King, and Crowned
April
the 9th.
1412.
The same.
The same.
Henry
V.
1413.
The same.
The same
1414.
Robert Hebborn
William Middleton
In this Year when King
Henry
was preparing to lead his Forces into
France,
a Conspiracy at home against his Life was discovered, the Conspirators being
Richard
Earl of
Cambridge,
Brother of the Duke of
York,
the Lord
Scroope,
Lord Treasurer, and Sir
Thomas Grey
of
Werk
in
Northumberland,
Privy Counsellors, at the Instigation of the
French,
who particularly corrupted
Scroope
during his Embassy in
France
the Year before: Who being executed,
Scroope
's Head was sent to
York,
and Sir
Thomas Grey
's to
Newcastle,
to be Spectacles of Terror to all Beholders.
Complete History of England, Vol. I. p. 316.
1415.
The same.
The same.
1416.
Roger Thornton
John del Strother
1417.
The same.
The same.
Mandatum ad vocand. certas mulieres de
Novo Castro
ad paenas eis injunctas, pro eo quod attemptaverint transire ad feretrum S.
Cuthberti.
DOmini
Dunelm.
Episcopi Officialis Capellanis parochialibus Ecclesiarum S.
Nicholai
&
Omnium Sanctorum
villae
Novi Castri super Tynam
falutem in Auctore Salutis. Cum nuper
Matildis Burgh
&
Margareta Usshar
servientes ut asserunt
Petri Baxter
dictae villae, ex instigatione diabolica inductae, & ausu temerario ad Ecclesiam cathedralem
Dunelmen.
accessissent vestibus virilibus indutae, eo animo & intensione, ut ad feretrum Sanctiss. Confessoris
Cuthberti
personaliter accederent, scientes hoc esse prohibitum mulieribus quibuscun
que
sub poena excommunicationis majoris, & violationis Ecclesiae libertatis. Cum
que
de hoc gravi facitiore coram nobis pro tribunali sedentibus convictae fuissent & confessatae, & cum talibus delictis voluntas progrediens ad ulteriora reputatur praesto de consensu Magistri
Johannis Houteman
Dom. nostri Episcopi
Dunelm.
Vicarii Generalis, ac aliorum Jurisperitorum nobis adrunc assidentium, dictis mulieribus in forma juris juratis poenitentias injunximus pro commisso, viz. quod utra
que
earum incedat coram processione tribus diebus sestivis circa Ecclesiam S.
Nicholai,
& aliis tribus diebus festivis circa Ecclesiam
Omnium Sanctorum
praedictas in eisdem vestibus virilibus, eisdem modo & forma quibus ad dictam Ecclesiam cathedralem
Dunelm.
tam temerarie accedebant. Vobis igitur injungimus & mandamus, quatenus dictas mulieres ad agend. dictas poenitentias, ut praemittitur alternis diebus in vestris Ecclesiis convocetis, & causam quare talem peragunt poenitentiam populo publice & solemniter nuncietis, ne aliae mulieres de caetero in tantam prorumpere audaciam delinquendi valeant: Citantes nihilominus dictum
Petrum Baxter
& uxorem ejus, quod compareant coram nobis vel Commissario in galilea
Dunelm.
die
Lunae
proximo post festum S.
Michaelis
proxime futuro causam rationabilem, si quam habeant, quare non debeant, tanquam fautores, auctores, & consilium dantes in hac parte, puniri in forma juris, allegaturi & proponituri, ulterius
que
facturi & recepturi quod justitia suadebit: & quid feceritis in praemissis nos ad dictum diem & locum certificetis aperte cum istis literis sigillo vestro sigillatis. Dat.
Dunelm.
18. die mensis
Septemb. Anno Dom.
1417.
Certificatorium de poenitentia duarum mulierum quae nitebantur accedere ad feretrum S.
Cuthberti.
HUJUS auctoritate mandati
Matildam
&
Margaretam
infrascriptas vocavi ad poenitentiam a vobis judicialiter illis injunctam, quae humiliter obtem perantes comparuerunt, & dictam poenitentiam devote impleverunt, circumeundo Ecclesiam
Omnium Sanctorum
coram processionem, secundum modum & formam ois injunctam in ultima
Dominica,
& de caeteris
Dominicis
pariter sunt ad dictas poenitentias, si meliorem gratiam non valeant invenire tamen bonum est ut illis gratiose parceatur, si vobis placuerit, & sic mandatum vestrum venerabile penes me in omnibus sum executurus, & praedictum
Petrum
citavi secundum formam mandati, & uxor praedicti
Petri
sic est fatigata cum duobus gemellis quod honeste non potest comparere.
Per
Robertum Croft
Capellanum Ecclesiae
Omnium Sanctorum.
1418.
The same.
The same.
1419.
The same.
The same.
1420.
The same.
John de Bywell
Requietantia facta Majori & Communitati villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam.
NOVERINT Universi per praesentes Nos
Johannem
Priorem Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
recepisse & habuisse die confectionis praesentium de Majore & Communitate villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
per manus Monachi nostri de
Farneland
novem libras, tres solidos, & quatuor denarios monetae
Anglicanae
de termino S.
Michaelis
Archangeli proxime praeterito ante datam praesentium, in plenam solutionem cujusdam annuae pensionis nobis & monasterio nostro
Dunelm.
per progenitores Dom. Regis de elemosina sua concessae, percipendae annuatim ad Festum S.
Michaelis
Archangeli de feodi firma villae praedictae per manus hominum ejusdem villae. De quibus quidem novem libris, tribus solidis, & quatuor denariis praedictis fatemur nos fore solutos, dictos
que
Dom. Regem, Majorem, Communitatem, ac Homines dictae villae, haeredes & successores suos, inde acquietamus per praesentes. Datas tertio die
Octobr.
anno regni Regis
Henrici
quinti post conquestum
Angliae
octavo.
1421.
William Essington
Laurence Acton
Dotatio Cantariae
Johannis Dolfamby
in Ecclesia de
Gatesheved.
SCIANT Praesentes & Futuri quod ego
Johannes Dolphamby
de
Gatesheved
dedi, concessi, & hac praesenti Carta mea confirmavi
Johanni Vesci
Capellano Cantariae Sanctor.
Johannis
Apostoli & Evangelistae, & S.
Johannis
Baptistae, nuper per me fundatae in Ecclesia B.
Mariae
de
Gatesheved,
& successoribus suis Capellanis ejusdem Cantariae, quatuordecem tenementa cum omnibus suis pertin. in dicta villa de
Gatesheved:
De quibus quidem tenementis unum jacet in
Akewelgate
inter tenementum
Johannis Wermouth
ex parte boriali, & tenement. pertinens Cantariae B.
Mariae
in Ecclesia praedicta ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad terras Dominicales Episcopi
Dunelm.
retro. 2. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. super le
Westrawe,
sicut jacet inter tenementum
Euphaniae Copper
ex parte australi & tenementum
Roberti Heworth
ex parte boriali, & extendit a via Regia ante us
que
ad le
Holchare
retro. 3. Item alia duo tenementa pariter jacentia cum omnibus suis pertin. sicut jacent super le
Westrawe
inter tenementum
Thomae Fleskewer
ex parte australi & tenementum
Agnetis Surres
ex parte boriali, & extendunt se a via Regia ante us
que
ad gardinum cujusdam tenementi quod
Christophorus Charles
tenet de me in feodo retro, cum uno gardino sicut jacet inter tenementum praedicti
Christophori
& tenementum meum ex parte orientali & croftum quod
Willielmus Bulmer
tenet de me in feodo ex parte occidentali, & extendit so a gardi
Beh
parta australi us
que
ad gardinum meum ex parte boriali. 5. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. super le
Westrawe
sicut jacet super corneram de
Pipewelgate
inter tenementum
Agnetis Surres
ex parte australi & venellam de
Pipewelgate
ex parte boreali, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad tenementum
Rogeri de Thorneton
retro. 6. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. super le
Estrawe
sicut jacet inter tenementum nuper
Johannis Banke
ex parte boriali & tenementum quod
Willielmus Codlyng
tenet de me in feodo ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad le
Ground Ebbe
de
Tyne
retro. 7. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. sicut jacet super le
Estrawe
inter venellum vocatum
Helgate
ex parte boriali & tenementum
Willielmi Screwane
ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad tenementum nuper
Johannis Stokdale
retro. 8. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. sicut jacet super le
Estrawe
inter tenementum nuper
Willielmi Langeton
ex parte boriali & le
Overkirke Chare
ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad dictum
Kirke Chare
retro. 9. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. sicut jacet super le
Estrawe
inter tenementum nuper
Hugonis Barbour
ex parte boriali & tenementum
Roberti Whelpyngton
ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad le
Common Gutter
retro; cum duobus selionibus terrae sicut jacent inter terram Dom.
Thomae Surtays
Militis, ex parte australi & terram
Willielmi Hilton
ex parte boriali, & extendit se ab alta via Regia ante us
que
ad viam quae ducit versus
Dunelm.
retro 10. Item quatuor tenementa pariter jacentia super le
Estrawe
inter tenementum
Adae del Graunge
ex parte boriali & tenementum
Johannis Gilford
ex parte australi, cum omnibus suis pertin. 11. Item aliud tenementum cum omnibus suis pertin. sicut jacet super le
Estrawe
inter tenementum nuper
Roberti Galefore
ex parte boriali & tenementum
Johannis Sutton
ex parte australi, & extendit se a via Regia ante us
que
ad
Akewelgate
retro: Habenda & tenenda omnia praedicta & singula quatuordecim Tenementa, cum omnibus suis pertin. praefato
Johanni Vescy
& successoribus suis, Capellanis ejusdem Cantariae, de Capitalibus Dominis feodorum illorum per fervitia inde debita & de jure consueta in perpetuum. Et ego praedictus
Johannes Dolphamby
& haeredes mei omnia praedicta & singula quatuordecim tenementa, cum omnibus suis pertin. praefato
Johanni Vescy
& successoribus suis, Capellanis ejusdem Cantariae, contra omnes gentes warantizabimus & in perpetuum desendemus. In cujus rei Testimonium praesenti Cartae meae Sigillum meum apposui, his Testibus
Henrico Eton
Rectore Ecclesiae dictae de
Gatesheved, Roberto Helton, Willielmo Gategang, Johanne Gilford, Willielmo Boltby, Roberto Cok, Thomae Hedlam,
& aliis. Datum apud
Gatesheved
in Festo Apostolorum
Petri
&
Pauli,
Ao Dom. 1421. & Ao Regis
Henrici
quinti post Conquest.
Angliae
nono.
1422.
The same.
Thomas Chirdon
Henry
VI.
The King died
Aug. 31.
His Son King
Henry
the
VIth ,
in the ninth Month of his Age, was proclaimed.
1423.
William Ellerby
The same.
1424.
The same.
The same.
Confirmatio Cantariae
Johannis Dolphamby
in Ecclesia de
Gatesheved.
OMNIBUS Christi fidelibus praesentes Literas inspecturis
Johannes
Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum, salutem in omnium Salvatore. Noveritis nos Literas Reverendi in Christo Patris & Domini, Dom.
Thomae
Deigratia,
Dunelm.
Episcopi, sub tenore qui sequitur, inspexisse.
Thomas
Dei gratia Episcopus
Dunelm.
Omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, salutem. Sciatis quod de gratia nostra speciali concessimus & licentiam dedimus pro nobis & successoribus nostris, quantum in nobis est,
Johanni Dolphamby
de
Gatesheved,
quod ipse quandam Cantariam de uno Capellano divina singulis diebus in Ecclesia parochiali B.
Mariae
de
Gatesheved,
pro salubristatu nostro & ipsius
Johannis
dum vixerimus, & pro animabus nostris, cum ab hac luce migraverimus, ac animabus
Willielmi Johanson
nuper burgensis villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
ac patrum, matrum, uxorum, liberorum, fratrum, sororum, parentum, benefactorum nostrorum, & omnium fidelium defunctorum, juxta ordinationem ipsius
Johannis
in hac parte faciendam, celebraturo in perpetuum, facere, fundare, & stabilire possit; & quod idem
Johannes,
postquam dicta Cantaria sic facta, fundata, & stabilita fuerit, dare possit & assignare praefato Capellano quatuordecim messuagia cum pertin. in
Gatesheved,
quae de nobis tenentur in burgagio, habenda, tenenda, & percipienda eidem Capellano & successoribus suis, Capellanis Cantariae praedictae, in auxilium, sustentationis suae in perpetuum: Et eidem Capellano quod messuagia praedicta cum pertin. a praefato
Johanne
recipere possit & tenere sibi & successoribus suis praedictis, sicut praedictum est, in perpetuum, tenore praesentium similiter iicentiam dedimus specialem, statuto de terris & tenementis ad manum mortuam non ponendis edito non obstante: Nolentes quod praefatus
Johannes
vel haeredes sui, aut praefatus Capellanus seu successores sui, ratione statuti praedicti seu aliorum praemissorum per nos vel successores nostros, Justiciarios, Escaetores, Vicecomites, aut alios Ballivos seu Ministros nostros, vel successorum nostrorum quoscun
que
inde occasionentur, molestentur in aliquo, seu graventur. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes: Dat.
Dunelm.
per manus
Willielmi Chauncellor,
Cancellarii nostri, primo die
Junii,
anno Pontif. nostri quinto decimo.
Quas quidem Literas nos Prior & Capitulum memorati ratas habentes pariter & acceptas, eas, quantum in nobis est, pro nobis & successoribus nostris ratificamus, approbamus, & tenore praesentium confirmamus, jure Capituli & Ecclesiae nostrae praedictorum, si quod habuerimus in messuagiis antedictis aut eorum aliquo, five in libero redditu exeunte de eis, seu aliquo eorundem, Nobis & successoribus nostris in perpetuum in omnibus semper salvis. In cujus rei Testimonium, Sigillum commune Capituli nostri Praesentibus est appensum. Dat.
Dunelm.
in Domo nostra Capitulari, septimo die mensis
Octob.
Ao Dom. 1424.
1425.
The same.
John Tray.
1426.
Roger Thornton
The same.
1427.
The same.
John Jay.
1428.
John Rhodes
The same.
This Year died that noble Benefactor
Roger Thornton,
whose last Will and Testament is a good Proof of the shining Worth of this eminent Magistrate, and well deserves a Place here; for which the World is indebted to
John Thornton
of
Nether Witton
in
Northumberland,
Esq
a worthy Descendant of this Person.
E Registr.
Thomae Langley
Episcopi
Dunelm.
fol.
163. a.
UNIVERSIS S. Matris Ecclesiae Filiis praesentes Literas inspecturis
Thomas
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus, salutem in Domino, & fidem indubiam praesentibus adhib. Noveritis quod nuper inspecto Registro nostro, inter caetera Testamentum
Rogeri Thornton
senioris, nuper de villa
Novi Castri super Tynam,
nostrae Dioces. Mercatoris, & per nos probatum in forma juris in eodem invenimus contineri: Quod quidem Testamentum ad humilem & instantem supplicationem dilecti nobis in Christo filii
Rogeri Thornton,
filii praedicti
Rogeri Thornton
Testatoris, & Executoris unici dicto Testamento nominati, exemplificari tenorem & veram copiam ejusdem Testamenti de Registro nostro extracti fecimus transcribi, cujus tenor de verbo in verbum sequitur sub hac forma.
In Nomine Patris, & Filii, & Spiritus Sancti, Amen.
The
Thursday
next before
Yole-day
in the Year of our Lord
1429.
I
Roger Thornton
the Elder makes and ordains my Testament and my last Will in this Form following: That is to say, I commend my Soul to the Mercy of GOD, and my Body to be buried beside my Wife in
Alhallowes
Kyrk of
Newcastle.
Also I will, that every Priest Secular being at mine Interrment have to pray for my Soul and to be at my Dirgies and forth bringing one Noble. Also I will, that one hundred Pounds be spended and delt at mine Interrment, th' Ams of
Roger
my Son. Also I give to the Vicar of S.
Nicholas
Kirk for forgotten Tends five Pounds.
Item,
To the Kirk of S.
Nicholas
Reparation and Enorments thereof fourty Marks; also to
Alhallow
in like Form twenty Pounds.
Item,
To S.
John
's Kirk four Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To S.
Andrew
's Kirk two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To the Lepermen of
Newcastle
two Pounds.
Item,
To the Chappel of S.
Thomas
upon
Tyne-Bridge
six Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To Reparation of
West Spittel
two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To the
Walknowl
Reparation of their Kirk two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To the Reparation of the
Nuns
of
Newcastle
two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To the Lepremen of
Newcastle
two Pounds.
Item,
To the Reparation of
Tyne-Bridge
of
Newcastle
one hundred Marks, if so that the Mayor and Commons will release me all Actions, as I that never hindred them, nor nought awe them at my witting, but this I desire for eschewing of Clamour.
Item,
To the
Mesondieu
of S.
Katherine
of my Foundation, for their Enorments, twenty Pounds.
Item,
To my Chantry of S.
Peter
in
Alhallow
Kirk, for the Enorments thereof, ten Pounds.
Item,
To the Chappel of
Witton
by the Water six Marks.
Item,
To every House of Alms ordeyned for Bedrydens in
Newcastle
one Mark, which shall be Parcel of the said Summe that shall be spent upon mine Interrment.
Item,
To the Reparation of those Tenements that I have given to the aforesaid
Mesondieu
and to the said Chantry forty Pounds.
Item,
I will that thirty Priests sing for me two Years next after my Decease, ilk Priest having for his Soulds by Year eight Marks.
Item,
I will that four hundred Marks whilk that the Priour and Covent
Hexham
awe me be dispensed, bygging of thair Kirk, if they will make agreeable Seurtes that it shall be duely done.
Item,
I give to the House of
Blanchland
two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To
Brinkbourn
two Fothers of Lead.
Item,
To
Cocket Eland
one Fother of Lead.
Item,
To Reparation of
Farn Eland
one Fother of Lead.
Item,
To the
Nuns
of
Hallystartes
one Fother of Lead.
Item,
To every ilk of the four Orders
Mendicants
of
Newcastle
to pray for my Saule ten Marks, to be departed to every Frier Conventual by the Ams of my Son.
Item,
I will that the
Recluse
of
Newcastle,
and Sir
Henry Fenwick
and Sir
Henry Lincoln,
Priests, be Parcel of the thirty Priests for two Years; and also after the said two Years I will they three sing for me, taking every Priest of them two Seculars, eight Marks, and the Recluse yearly six Marks, to an hundred Marks be dispendit if they live so long, and else to be dispendit for my Soul by the Ams of my Son.
Item,
I forgive to the House of
Gisburn
thirty Pounds which they awe me, beside the hundred Pound which I have given them before this Time, so that they find me a Priest perpetually singing for me in their House, like as their Covenant is made.
Item,
I will that a hundred Marks be forgiven amongst my poor Tenants by the Ams of my Son to them that may not well pay.
Item,
I give to the Covent of
Yarum
and to the Covent of
Hartlepool
to pray for my Saule ten Marks to aither House, to be departed among them by the Ams of my Son.
Item,
I give to the Reparation of the Steeple of the Minster of
Duresme
one Fother Lead.
Item,
To every Monk of
Charter-house
at
Mount Grace
to pray for my Saule, a Noble.
Item,
To every Monk of
Newmynster
a Noble.
Item,
To every Monk of
Tinmouth
a Noble.
Item,
To every Monk of
Whitby
a Noble.
Item,
To Sir
Thomas Pittington
Vicar of
Hartburne
five Pounds.
Item,
To Sir
John Fenwick
ten Pounds.
Item,
To Sir
William Harewood
one Pound.
Item,
To
Margaret
my Servant in Penny and Penny worth six Pounds
and ten Marks; and also for Term of her Life that House in
Bradchair
that
Nicholas Baxter
dwelleth in.
Item,
To
Roger Corbett
four Pounds, and also that he have Term of Life the Alms of the
Mesondieu,
so that he dwell not therein.
Item,
To
John Gofton
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Robert Halls
my Servant ten Pound of the Debt whilk he oweth me.
Item,
To
John Desburgh
four Pound of the Debt whilk he oweth me.
Item,
To
Thomas
that was my Servant a Noble.
Item,
To
Agnes Hume
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Agnes Ward
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Elen Ward
twenty Shillings.
Item
To
Maryon Wann
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To Old
Gillott
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Jonet Pridow
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To Sir
Henry Lincoln
one Mark.
Item,
To
William Mawe,
if he make true Reconing, twenty Shilling.
Item,
To
Thomas Gentleman
one Pound.
Item,
To
John Tinmouth
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Emery Herring
five Pound.
Item,
To
William Desbrough
five Pound.
Item,
To
Henry Thornton
five Pound.
Item,
To
John Whatnow
forty Shillings of his Debt.
Item,
To
Thomas Skinner
the Skinner four Shillings.
Item,
To
John Sharp
fifteen Shillings.
Item,
To
John Moreton
one Pound.
Item,
To
William Walker
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Chirnside
a Noble.
Item,
To
John Felton
his House free Term of his Life, he to reparrell it, and a Corrody in S.
Catherine
Term of his Life.
Item,
I forgive to
John Wheelwright
one Pound of his Debt.
Item
I give to
Thomas Croxton
a Mark. Also I will that fourty Pounds be in my Son's Disposition, to this Intent, that if any poor Labourer, or other Person, claim any Parcel of Debt by me owing, he is to dispoyne, and them pay off that Summ by his Discretion, in discharging my Saule, as he will answer to GOD.
Item,
I give to
Gerrard Mitford
five Pounds.
Item,
To
John Robinson
of
Thornton,
if he make true Reckoning, five Pounds.
Item,
To young
John Robinson
his Son five Pounds.
Item,
To
John Brumpton
fourty Shillings.
Item,
To
Cock
my Servant twenty Shillings.
Item,
To George my
Co
bott for
y Shillings
Item,
To
Margaret Dalton
twenty Shillings.
Item,
To
Alison
my Servant a Noble.
Item,
To
Robert Killingworth
a Mark. All those Goods and Parcells aforesaid I will my Son do and dispoyne, as he will answer afore GOD; and aw Remainaunt and Residue of my Goods, Mobles and Unmoveables, with all my Lands that I, or any other in my Name, or to my Life, are enfeossed in, except the Lands given to my
Mesondieu
and to my Chantry, I give freely, clearly, and fully to my said Son
Roger
and his Heirs and Assigns for evermore. And to fulfil this my Testament and last Will, I make and ordain the same
Roger
my Son to be mine Executor, in Presence of Sir
John Fenwick, Emery Hering,
and
Margett
my Servant, this present Day and Year aforesaid, Sealed with mine own Hands.
Et in Exemplificationis Testimonium Sigillum nostrum praesentibus duximus apponendum. Datum in Manerio nostro de
Aukland
quarto die mensis
Januarii,
Anno Dom. 1431. & nostrae Consecrat. vicesimo sexto.
1429.
The same.
John Clark.
1430.
The same.
The same.
1431.
The same.
Edward Bartram
1432.
Laurence Acton
Thomas Chirdon
1433.
The same.
Thomas Parpdie
This Year was held by Royal Authority a warm Inquisition against Bishop
Langley
and his Royal Prerogatives in the County Palatin of
Durham,
first at
Hartlepool,
and afterwards at
Newcastle,
the Earls of
Northumberland
and
Westmorland,
the present Mayor of
Newcastle, John Horsley,
and seven others being appointed to be Commissioners, the said
Laurence Acton
and
John Horsley
appointed to be of the
Quorum:
The Proceedings, tho' violent, yet proved a remarkable Evidence of the Immunities and Freedom of the County Palatin, and of the Bishop's Royal Authority.
1434.
Richard Hall
Richard Brown
1435.
Rob. Whelpington
Thomas Wardell
Custodia Capellae S.
Edmundi
&
Cuthberti
in
Gatesheved
concessa
Johanni Heyworth
Vicario S.
Nicholai
in
Novo Castro.
THOMAS
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus dilecto nobis in Christo Magistro
Johanni Heyworth
in Decretis Bacallario Presbytero, salutem, gratiam, & benedictionem. Custodiam Capellae Sanctor.
Edmundi
&
Cuthberti
Confessorum in villa de
Gateshede
nostrae Dioces. per liberam resignationem Magistri
Georgii Radclyfe
ultimi Custodis ejusdem, in manibus nostris sponte sactam, & per nos admissam, vacantem, & ad nostram collationem pleno jure spectantem, tibi conserimus intuitu caritatis, te
que
Custodem ipsius Capellae praeficimus & instituimus canonice in eadem, cum suis juribus, pertinentiis
que
universis: Decernentes te vel procuratorem tuum pro te & nomine tuo in corporalem possessionem dictae Capellae, jurium
que
& pertin. suorum, quorumcun
que
fore realiter inducendum, juribus nostris Episcopalibus & Ecclesiae nostrae cathedralis
Dunelm.
dignitate in omnibus semper salvis; tuam insuper conscientiam expresse onerantes, ut bona ipsius Capellae diligenter congreges & conserves, ac in usus deputatos fideliter facias erogari, ad quod faciendum corporale in manibus nostris, tactis sacrosanctis Evangeliis, praestitisti juramentum. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum praesentibus duximus apponendum. Dat. in Manerio nostro de
Aukland
duodecimo die mensis
Martii,
Ao Dom. 1435. & nostrae Consecrat. tricesimo.
1436.
Richard Hall
John Chambers
Thomas Langley
Bishop of
Durham
died
Nov. 20.
and was succeeded by
Robert Nevil
Bishop of
Sarum, Jan. 27.
1437.
Laurence Acton
Thomas Parpdie
1438.
Rob. Whelpington
John Castle
Officium Parcarii ac Custodis Turris de
Gatesheved
concessum
Roberto Preston.
ROBERTUS
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint salutem. Sciatis quod de gratia nostra speciali, ac pro laudabili servitio quod dilectus nobis
Robertus Preston
nobis & Ecclesiae nostrae
Dunelm.
impendit, & in futurum, annuente Domino, impendet, dedimus & concessimus eidem
Roberto Preston
officium Parcarii nostri de
Gatesheved,
cum herbagio infra eundem parcum, una cum custodia turris nostrae ibidem, Habend. tenend. ac occupand. officium praedictum cum herbagio & custodia praedictis per se, seu per sufficientem deputatum suum, pro quo respondere voluerit, ad terminum vitae suae, percipiendo de nobis & successoribus nostris per manus Magistri Forestarii nostri ibidem, qui pro tempore fuerit in officio praedicto, pro custodia dicti parci unum denarium & obolum per diem ad duos anni terminos, viz. ad Festa
Paschae
& S.
Michaelis
Archangeli annuatim durante vita praedicti
Roberti Preston
aequaliter solvendos; ac pro custodia turris nostrae unum denarium per diem per manus Ballivorum, Ministrorum, seu quorum cun
que
aliorum occupatorum infra dominium nostrum de
Gatesheved
praedict. pro tempore existentium, praedicto
Roberto Preston
singulis annis durante vita sua ad terminos dictos aequaliter solvendum; una cum omnibus aliis proficuis, custubus, feodis, & commoditatibus eisdem officio & custodiae qualitercun
que
spectantibus. Dedimus insuper & concessimus pro nobis & successoribus nostris eidem
Roberto Preston
durante vita sua unam robam de secta valecta vel octo solidos nomine ejusdem robae quolibet anno ad Festum
Natalis Domini
sibi solvendos. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum magnum Cancellariae nostrae
Dunelm.
fecimus his apponi. Dat. octavo die mensis
Aprilis,
Anno Domini 1438.
1439.
John Clark
William Harding
Concessio Nominationis ad Ecclesiam Parochialem de
Gatesheved
Cancellario
Oxon.
caetui
que
Regentium & non Regentium in cadem.
ROBERTUS
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus Venerabilibus & praedilectis viris, Cancellario Universitatis
Oxon.
caetui
que
Regentium & non Regentium in eadem, salutem, & per augmentum profectus scholastici de virtute crescere in virtutem. Lactati in uberibus Almae Matris nostrae Universitatis antedictae refectione scientiae salutaris ipsius studium in prole faecunda per salutiferos palmites cupimus ampliare, ut dilatato sui tentorii loco funiculos faciat longiores. Hinc est quod de vestris circumspectione & prudentia confidentes nominationem Ecclesiae parochialis de
Gateshede
nostrorum Patronatus, Collationis, & Dioces. cum ipsam proxime simpliciter vacare contigerit, vobis illa unica vice duntaxat, concedimus specialem: sic quod personam per vos nominandam infra tres menses post vacationem Beneficii hujusmodi nobis aut successori nostro nominare curetis ad effectum, ut eidem nominato nominationis vestrae praetextu ea vice Ecclesiam hujusmodi conferamus, successorve noster conferre valeat in eventu, caeterum facturi vel facturus quae nostro aut suo in hae parte incumbunt officio pastorali. Data nono die mensis
Octob.
Ao Dom. 1439. & nostrae Translat. secundo.
1440.
John Chambers
John Musgrave
Commissio Domini Regis facta
Roberto Rodes
super Officio Contrarotulatoris villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam.
HENRICUS
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae
&
Franciae
& Dominus
Hiberniae,
omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, salutem. Sciatis quod constituimus
Robertum Rodes
Contrarotulatorem nostrum tam magnae & parvae Custumae, quam subsidii lanarum, coriorum, & pellium lanatarum, nec non subsidii trium solidorum de dolio, & duodecim denariorum de libra in portu villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
& in singulis portubus & locis eidem portui adjacentibus, Habondum & tenendum illud officium quamdiu nobis placuerit; percipiendo in illo officio feoda & vadia consueta, ita tamen quod idem
Robertus
rotulos suos manu sua propria scribat, & continuo moretur ibidem, ac omnia alia officium illud tangentia in propria persona sua, & non per substitutum suum, juxta formam statutorum in hac parte editorum, faciat & exequatur; Volentes quod altera pars Sigilli nostri, quod dicitur Coket, in portu praedicto in custodia ipsius
Roberti
remaneat, quamdiu officium habuerit supradictum. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teste Meipso apud
Westmonast.
decimo sexto die
Julii,
Anno Regni nostri decimo nono, viz. 1440.
Commissio facta Priori
Dunelm.
ad recipiendum Sacramentum
Roberti Rodes
Contratotulatoris Villae
Novi Castri.
HENRICUS
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae
&
Franciae,
& Dominus
Hiberniae,
dilecto sibi in Christo Priori
Dunelm.
salutem. Sciaris quod dedimus vobis potestatem recipiendi Sacramentum dilecti nobis
Roberti Rodes,
Contratotulatoris nostri tam magnae & parvae Custumae, quam subsidii lanarum, coriorum, & pellium lanatarum, nec non subsidii trium solidorum de dolio, & duodecim denariorum de libra in portu villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
& in singulis portubus & locis eidem portui adjacentibus, de officio illo bene & fideliter faciendo juxta formam cujusdam scedulae praesentibus interclusae. Et ideo vobis in fide & dilectione, quibus nobis tenemini, injungimus & mandamus, quod Sacramentum praedictum recipiatis, & cum illud reciperitis, eidem
Roberto
Literas nostras Patentes sibi de officio illo factas, quas vobis mittimus per latorem praesentium, liberetis: Et nobis de Sacramento illo, cum sic captum fuerit, in Cancellariam nostram sub sigillo vestro distincte & aperte sine dilatione constare faciatis, remittentes nobis hoc breve. Teste Meipso apud
Westmonast.
decimo sexto die
Julii,
Anno Regni nostri 19o .
Juramentum
Roberti Rodes
Contrarotulatoris Villae
Novi Castri.
VOUS jurres que bien & loialment servies au Roi en l'office de Countroullour des Custumes & Subsidies le Roi en le port de
Novell Castell sur Tyne,
& loialment entreres les choses que vendront au dit port ou passeront d'icel, & que nul doun ne prendres pur vostre office faire, ne pour rien que purra cheire en desavantage du Roi, ne nul marchandises ne autres choses custumables ne seoffres passer hors du dit port sans Custume due paier, & que vous fres mesme l'office & sur ceo demure en vostre propre person sans substituts mettre, & les Roules escriveres par vostre main demesne, & le profett le Roi agateres & ferres quant come vous purres selon vostre sens & vostre poiair; si Dieu vous eide & ses seintes.
The Oath of
Robert Rodes,
Controller of the Town of
Newcastle.
YOU Swear, that you shall well and lawfully serve his Majesty the King in the Office of Controller of the Custums and Subsidies granted to his Majesty in the Port of
Newcastle upon Tyne,
and justly enter such Things as shall be imported into the said Port or exported from thence: and that you shall receive no Presents for Performance of your Office, or upon any Account that may be prejudicial to the King, neither shall permit any Merchandizes or other Custumable Goods to pass out of Port without Payment of Custum; and that you perform the Office yourself, and enjoy the same in your own Person, without presuming to nominate a Substitute, and shall write the Roulls with your own Hand, and shall gather and collect the King's Profits according to your best Knowledge and Ability: So GOD help you and his Saints.
Certificatorium de receptione Juramenti Contrarotulatoris Villae
Novi Castri super Tynam.
Coram ipso Rege in Cancellaria per Priorem
Dunelm.
VIrtute istius Brevis ego
Johannes Wessy
g
Martis
decimo nono die
Septemb.
anno infrascripto apud
Dunelmum
recepi Sacramentum
Roberti
suprascripti de officio suo bone & fideliter faciendo, secundum formam cujusdam Scedulae adtunc huic Brevi inclusae. 1440.
1441.
William Harding
Simon Weldon
1442.
Thomas Wardell
William Jay
1443.
John Musgrave
Thomas Hedlam
1444.
William Harding
Thomas Bee
1445.
William Jay
John Ward
1446.
William Harding
John Winton
1447.
The same.
Robert Baxter
Marmaduke Lumley
Lord Bishop of
Carlisle
made Lord Treasurer,
Decemb. 18.
1448.
John Ward
John Richardson
Appropriato Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
facta Monialibus S.
Bartholomaei
in
Novo Castro
per
Robertum
Episc.
Dunelm.
UNIVERSIS Christi Fidelibus praesentes Literae inspecturis
Robertus
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopan, salutem in Auctore Salutis. Matris Ecclesiae circumspecta benignitas illorum gravaminibus libentius compatitur & miseriis promptius provider, quos prae caeteris vitae & morum excellentia praefulgentes virtuosis morum praemiis dignos reddunt potloribus attolli favoribus & majoribus beneficiis honotari. Sane exhibitae nobis nuper pro parte Religlosarum Mulierum Priotissae & Conventus Monasterii sive Prioratus S.
Bartholomai
in
Novo Castro super Tynam
nostrae
Dunelm.
Dioces. petitio continebat, Quod licet ipsum Monasterium suum ex sua primaeva fundatione in fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus ad sustentationem Priorissae & Conventus ibidem, ac aliorum servitorum degentium in eodem, receptionem hospitum, ac alia incumbentia onera debite fupportanda sufficienter dotatum suerat: at postea decrescentibus proventibus ejusdem Monasterii cum annua pensione decem marcarum de Ecclesia de
Wessyngton
excunte per felicis recordationis
Ricardum
quondam
Dunelm.
Episcopum relevatum extiterat, jam
que
temporis cursu in deterius dilabentur fructus, redditus, & proventus ipsius Monasterii per ignis incendia ac alia mundi infortunia, & praesertim non solutionem dictae annuae pensionis, quae propter notoriam exilitatem dictae Ecclesiae de
Wessyngton
solvi non potuit de eadem, ita tenues & exiles existunt in praesenti, quod pro honesta sua sustentatione & servitorum suorum, ac hospitum receptione, cum idem Monasteritum suum in dicta villa
Novi Castri
multum famosa sit constitutum, nec non domorum & aedificiorum eidem pertinentium reparatione, & aliis oneribus ipsi Monasterio suo necessario incumbentibus debite supportandis non sufficiunt nec sufficere poterunt verisimiliter in futurum, nisi de alicujus subventionis remedio eidem succurratur; quod
que
praemissorum praetextu dicta Ecclesia de
Wessyngton
a solutione dictae pensionis exonerata fuit, & in recompensam dictae annuae pensionis de post iisdem Priorissae & Conventui de fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus Ecclesiae de
Ryton
dictae nostrae Dioces. valorem Ecclesiae de
Wessyngton
antedictae notorie excedentis, juxta ordinationem nostram in ea parte factam persolvendi provisio facta fuit. Et confiderato insuper quod lites & litigia ex verisimili inter Curatum Ecclesiae de
Ryton
memoratae quae curata existit & dictas Religiosas Mulieres occasione pensionis hujusmodi oriri poterunt in futurum, sicut inter Rectorem Ecclesiae de
Wessyngton
& ipsas Religiosas Mulieres hujusmodi litigia saepius evenerunt temporibus retroactis, unio, annexio, incorporatio, & appropriatio Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
nostrarum Collationis & Dioces. eis & earum Monasterio supradicto faciendae pietati consonae merito censeantur, cum ex his sic unitis status utrius
que
liberius poterit supportari, unde pro parte earundem Religio sarum Mulierum Priorissae & Conventus nobis humiliter extitit supplicatum & instanter petitum per easdem, quod, praemissis diligenter attentis, in earum & sui Monasterii succursum & relevamen, futuram
que
exonerationem dictae Ecclesiae de
Ryton
& ejusdem Rectoris a solutione dictae pensionis decem marcarum qua plurimum praegravatur, dictam Capellam S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
nostrarum Collationis & Dioces. cum suis juribus & pertin. universis eis & earum Monasterio supradicto, ac sibi in eodem successuris quibuseun
que
unire, annectere, incorporare, & appropriate in usus suos proprios perpetuo possidendam, ulterius
que
pronunciate, declarare, ordinare, statuere, & decernere in hac parte quod est justum & consonum pietati dignaremur. Nos igitur Regularis vitae honestatem, divini
que
cultus fomentum, hospitum receptionem, & alia caritatis opera, & vigentia gratiarum munera, quae in dicto suo Monasterio hactenus abundarunt, nec non verisimilia litigia inter ipsas Religiosas Mulieres & Rectorem de
Ryton
in exactione dictae annuae pensionis decem marcarum futuris temporibus eventura, caetera
que
alia per easdem deducta diligentius attendentes, ac ipsarum Religiosarum Mulierum voto circa appropriationem, unionem & incorporationem praedictas quantum de jure possumus satisfacere cupientes, super praemissis omnibus & singulis pro parte ipsarum Religiosarum Mulierum Priorissae & Conventus nobis suggestis, ac caeteris in ea parte necessariis & de jure requisitis inquiri fecimus diligentius veritatem: Et quia tam per hujusmodi inquisitionem in ea parte factam quam etiam per alia documenta coram nobis exhibita, allegata, & probata invenimus dicta suggesta & petita fuisse & esse vera, & quod evidens utilitas, urgens
que
necessitas unionem, annexionem, incorporationem, & appropriationem dictae Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
ipsi Monasterio S.
Bartholomaei
& ejusdem Priorissae & Conventui ac sibi successuris faciendam exposcunt; nos ipsarum Religiosarum Mulierum Priorissae & Conventus virtutum merita quibus invenimus eas insigniri, earum
que
& sui Monasterii supradicti exilitatem & penuriam, ac lites & litigia quae ex verisimili inter Curatum Ecclesiae de
Ryton
memoratae, dictas
que
Religiosas Mulieres occasione pensionis antedictae oriri poterunt in futurum, sicut alias in & pro pensione Ecclesiae de
Wessyngton
inter Rectorem & dictas Mulieres orta & mota novimus ab experto, ac etiam suggesta & petira prou
conven
romct
e
poud
earum
que
necessitati & indigentiae pio compatientes affectu, habito in hac parte cum Priore & Capitulo Ecclesiae nostrae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
diligenti tractatu, eorum
que
consensu ad praemissa concesso pariter & obtento, omnibus
que
aliis, quae in hujusmodi appropriationis, unionis, & incorporationis negotio, de jure requiruntur, concurrentibus & observatis, invocata Spiritus Sancti gratia hujusmodi causas unionis, annexionis, incorporationis sive appropriationis in dicta petitione contentas, & alias pro parte earundem Religiosarum Mulierum nobis expositas & expressatas, veras, legitimas, & sufficientes, ac rite & Legitime probatas fuisse & esse pronunciamus, decernimus, & declaramus: Ac dictam Capellam S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
cum suis juribus & pertinentiis universis, ex causis praedictis & propter eas, dicto Monasterio S.
Bartholomaei
and ejusdem Priorissae & Conventui sibi
que
in codem successuris quibuscun
que
de expresso consensu & voluntate dictorum Prioris & Capituli
Dunelm.
jure tamen alterius cujuscun
que
in omnibus semper salvo, annexuimus, univimus, incorporavimus, & appropriavimus in usus suos proprios perpetuo possidendam; sic
que
annectimus, unimus, incorporamus, & appropriamus per praesentes. Ita viz. quod cedente, decedente, resignante, dimittente, vel amoto Magistro sive Custode ejusdem Capellae, qui nune est, seu ipsa Capella quomodolibet vacante, liceat Priorissae & Conventui, qui pro tempore fuerint; ipsius Capellae sic vacantis realem possessionem auctoritate propria apprehendere & cam licite retinere, nostris aut successorum nostrorum quorumcun
que
Dunelm.
Episcoporum licentia, auctoritate, consensu, aut voluntate in ea parte minime expectatis. Post cujus quidem Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
adeptam possessionem dictam pensionem decem marcarum de fructibus, redditibus, & proventibus dictae Ecclesiae de
Ryton
excuntem & eisdem Priorissae & Conventui juxta vim, formam, & effectum ordinationis nostrae in ea parte facta, annuatim persolvendam, statim & incontinenti cessare volumus & cassamus, ac ipsam Ecclesiam & ejusdem Rectorem quemcun
que
pro tempore existentem ab ulteriori solutione hujusmodi pensionis in ipso eventu exoneramus & exoneratos este decernimus & declaramus per praesentes, praefata
que
Priorissa & Conventus extunc in perpetuum in recompensam ejusdem pensionis decem marcarum, cum hujusmodi possessionem dictae Capellae nactae fuerint, ut praefertur, & mon aliter, reputabunt se contentas, & ab omni exactione, petitione, prosecutione, & reclamatione dictae pensionis in ea parte omnino sint exclusae in perpetuum. Et ne, quod absit, praesentis unionis, annexionis, incorporationis, & appropriationis negotium ultra debitum prorogetur, aut nostra intensio in ea parte quovismodo frustretur, Magistro sive Custodi dictae Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi moderno facultatem permutandi eandem interdicimus, & ipsam Capellam ad eundem effectum reservandam fore decernimus, & afficimus per decretum. Volumus insuper, statuimus, ordinamus, & decernimus quod praefara Priorissa & Conventus, & eis in dicto Monasterio succossitroe sumptibus suis propriis & expensis invenient duos Capellanos bonae vitae & conversationis honostae Missns & alin divina officia in eadem Capella S.
Edmundi
Episcopi perpetuis futuris temporibus pro animabus fundatorum ejusdem quotidie cum dispositi fuerint celebratros, ipsam
que
Capellam & caetere aedificia tam infra quam extra eidem pertinentia reparabunt & manutenebunt sumptibus suis & expensis ut praefertur. Nec non alia onera ordinaria & extraordinaria cidem Capellae qualitercun
que
incumbentia subient & suportabunt debite ut deberent. Praeterea pro indemnitate nostra & successorum nostrorum
Dunelmen.
Episcoporum quorumcun
que
ac Eclosiae nostrae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
Prioris & Capituli in praemissis salvanda, in recompensationem emolumentorum quae nos & successores nostri praefati
que
Prior & Capitulum poterimus seu poterint de dicta Capella S.
Edmundi
Episcopi, si hujusmodi unio, annexio, incorporatio, & appropriatio de eadem factae non essent, percipere & habere, ipsam Capellam sic unitam, annexam, incorporatam,
&c
appropriatam cum annua pensione sex solidorum & octo denariorum nobis & successoribus nostris cum alia etiam pensione trium solidorum & quatuor denariorum praefatis Priori & Capitulo post nactam possessionem ejusdem Capellae perpraesatam Priorissum & Conventum, & sibi in eodem Monasterio perpetuis futuris temporibus successuras in Festo
Nativitatis S. Johannis Baptistae
annis singulis persolvendis oneramus & oneratam este decernmus penpraesentes. Juribus nostris Episcopalibus & Ecclesiae nostrae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
libertatibus, privilegiis, & dignitate, jure
que
alterius cujuscun
que
in omnibus semper salvis. In quorum omnium & singulorum Testimonium ar
que
Fidem Sigillum nostrum ad causas praesentibus duximus apponendum. Data septimo die mensis
Octobr.
Ao Dom. 1448. &c nostrae Translationis undecimo.
Ad p. 49.
Obligatio Monalium de
Novo Castro
de annua Pensione.
PATEAT Universis per praesentes Nos
Margaretam
Priorissam domus S. Monasterii S.
Bartholomei
in
Novo Castro super Tynam, Dunelm.
Dioces. & ejusdem loci Conventum concessisse & hac praesenti carta nostra confirmasse venerabilibus & religiosis viris Priori & Capitulo Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
eorum
que
successoribus in perpetuum unam annuam Pensionem trium solidorum & quatuor denariorum exeuntem de omnibus terris & tenementis nostris pertinentibus ad Capellam S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved,
ratione indemphitatis eorundem Prioris & Capituli ac suae Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
praedictae, confirmandam in annexione, unione, incorporatione, & appropriatione praefatae Capellae S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
domui nostrae, five dicto Monasterio nostro auctoritate ordinaria nuper de dictorum Prioris & Capituli consensu factis: Habendam & percipiendam praedictam annuam Pensionem trium solidorum & quatuor denariorum praefatis Priori & Capitulo & successoribus suis de nobis & successoribus nostris, ac de omnibus terris & tenementis dictae Capellae S.
Edmundi
in
Gateshede
qualitercun
que
provenientibus annuatim, ad Festum Nativitatis S.
Johannis Baptistae
tantum, juxta vim, formam, & effectum ordinationis super dicta unione, annexione, incorporatione, &c appropriatione per Reverendum in Christo Patrem & Dominum, Dom.
Robertum
Dei gratia
Dunelm.
Episcopum habitae & statutae. Proviso quod si contingat dictam annuam Pensionem trium solidorum & quatuor denariorum vel aliquam ejus partem a retro fore non solutam permensis spatium post Festum praedictum, quo solvi debeat, quod tunc bene licebit dictis Priori & Capitulo & eorum successoribus in omnibus & singulis tertis & tenementis ad dictam Capellam S.
Edmundi
Episcopi in
Gatesheved
quomodolibet spectantibus distringere & districtiones inde captas abducere, asportare, & perres se retinere quous
que
eis de dicta annua Pensione, una cum arreragiis & expensis in ea parte factis plenarie suerit satisfacti. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum commune praesentibus duximus apponendum. Datum in domo nostra Capitulari 20. die mensis
Octob.
Anno Dom. 1448.
An Obligation or Bond of the Nuns of
Newcastle,
concerning an annual Pension.
BE it known to all by these Presents, That we
Margaret
Prioress of the Nunnery of S.
Bartholomew
's in
Newcastle upon Tyne
in the Diocese of
Durham,
and the Convent of the same Place, have granted and by this our present Writing have confirmed to the Venerable and Religious Men, the Prior and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of
Durham,
and their Successors for ever, one annual Pension of three Shillings and four Pence issuing from all our Lands and Tenements belonging to the Chapel of St.
Edmund
the Bishop in
Gateshead,
by reason of the Indemnity of the said Prior and Chapter and their Cathedral Church of
Durham
aforesaid, to be confirmed in the Annexion, Union, Incorporation and Appropriation of the aforesaid Chapel of St.
Edmund
the Bishop in
Gateshead
to our House or our said Monastery lately made by the ordinary Authority and Consent of the said Prior and Chapter: To be had and to be paid the aforesaid annual Pension of three Shillings and four Pence to the aforesaid Prior and Chapter and their Successors by us and our Successors from all the Lands and Tenements of the said Chapel of St.
Edmund
in
Gateshead
however arising yearly, at the Feast of the Nativity of St.
John the Baptist
only, according to the Force, Form and Effect of the Ordination had and established upon the said Union, Annexion, Incorporation and Appropriation by the Reverend Father in Christ and our Lord
Robert
by the Grace of God Bishop of
Durham.
Provided that if the said annual Pension of three Shillings and four Pence or any Part of it be not paid in a Month's time after the Feast aforesaid, wherein it ought to be paid, that then it shall be lawful to the said Prior and Chapter and their Successors to distrain in all and every the Lands and Tenements belonging to the said Chapel of St.
Edmund
the Bishop in
Gateshead,
and the Distraints thence taken to carry away and keep in their Custody, till full Satisfaction be made for the said annual Pension, together with the Arrears and Expences made in that Part. In Testimony whereof we have thought fit to affix our common Seal to these Presents. Dated in our Chapter-house
Octob. 20. An. 1448.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1449.
William Harding
Allan Bird
1450.
John Ward
George Carr
1451.
Robert Baxter
John Baxter
1452.
William Harding
John Penreth
1453.
John Carliell
Nich. Wetwang
1454.
John Richardson
William Roddam
1455.
The same.
Thomas Cuthbert
1456.
The same.
John Nixon
1457.
The same.
Richard Stevenson
In the 37th of King
Henry VI. John
Viscount
Beaumont
was constituted one of the Commissioners to meet with those from
Scotland
at
Newcastle upon Tyne,
touching Satisfaction for such Injuries as had been committed by the Subjects of either Realm against the other, contrary to the Articles of Truce formerly concluded between them.
Dugdale's Baronage, vol. ii. p. 54.
1458.
John Penrith
Henry Fowler
1459.
John Richardson
Richard Stevenson
Edward
IV.
King
Henry VI.
deposed.
1460.
John Baxter
Nicholas Hayning
This Year the distressed Queen of King
Henry
with
500 French
Soldiers came to the Coast of
Scotland,
and thence sailed to
Tinmouth,
where she landed, but was soon compelled to embark again, and in a Tempest driven back to
Berwick:
Whence with the Addition of some
Scots,
and accompanied by the King her Husband, she advanced into the Bishoprick of
Durham,
(the Prince remaining at
Berwick
) and in their Passage thro'
Northumberland
gained some few Volunteers. To them resort
Henry
Duke of
Somerset
and Sir
Ralph Piercy,
who a few Weeks before had voluntarily submitted to King
Edward,
together with many of King
Henry
's firm Devotees, so that together they made Shew of a competent Army. However their disorderly burning and spoiling wheresoever they went, whatsoever they could come at, lost them the Affection of many, and purchased the Ill-will of many more.
1461.
John Richardson
Nich. Wetwang
K. Edward
in the Spring this Year dispatched
John Nevil
Vicount
Montacute
into
Northumberland,
with Commission to raise Forces, himself following with his whole Army, but in haste sends some Companies after the Vicount, to prevent any Attempt of the Bishoprick Men, in case they should prove treacherous: With these the Vicount marched towards King
Henry,
and by the Way at
Hedley Moor
encountered the Lord
Hungerford,
who with the Lord
Rosse
upon the first Attack ran away, leaving Sir
Ralph Piercy
alone with his own Regiment, who there with them died valiantly fighting.
Animated with this Success,
Montacute,
having certain Intelligence that King
Henry
was encamped in the Levels near the River
Dowell
in
Hexhamshire,
marched thither by Night, and assaulted his Camp: The Northern Men, used to such Attempts upon the Borders, resist with an undaunted Resolution, but were soon deseated, and sustained a great Slaughter, and the Lose of the whole Camp: King
Henry
and his Queen escaping narrowly, leaving their best Friends to
Montacute
's Mercy; the Duke of
Somerset,
the Lord
Rosse, Mollins, Hungerford, Wentworth, Hussey,
and Sir
John Findern,
Kt. with many others, were taken Prisoners: The Duke of
Somerset
at
Hexham
was soon beheaded, as afterwards the other Prisoners were served at
Newcastle.
Afterwards King
Edward
came to
Durham,
thence detaching the Earl of
Warwick
and others into
Northumberland,
to reduce such Castles and Forts as yet held out for King
Henry.
1462.
Allan Bird
Henry Foster
1463.
Allan Bird
William Blaxton
1464.
John Nixon
Nich. Hayning
This Year after a tedious Negotiation between King
Edward IV.
and the King of
Scotland,
a Treaty of Pacification was concluded at
Newcastle,
whereby the Truce for
15
Years, agreed on the preceding Year, was prolonged for
45
years,
viz.
to
1510.
1465.
Allan Bird
William Thompson
1466.
John Nixon
Robert Chambers
1467.
William Blaxston
John Esington
1468.
John Nixon
John Cook
1469.
Rich. Stephenson
John Fisher
1470.
William Blaxston
Thomas Lockwood
King
Edward
fled into
Holland.
1471.
Jonn Nixon
Jonn Carr
1472.
William Blaxston
Thomas Snaw
1473.
The same.
Robert Harding
1474.
Nich. Hayning
William Hodgson
Litera Fraternitatis concessa
Johanni Robynson
villae
Novi Castri,
Mercatori, &
Johannae
uxori suae, per Priorem & Capitulum Ecclesiae
Dunelm.
cum Annuitate sex marcarum pro termino vitae eorundem.
RICARDUS
Permissione Divina Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum praedilectis nobis in Christo
Johanni Robynson
villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
Mercatori, &
Johannae
uxori suae, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Mentis devotio & sincerae dilectionis integritas, quas erga gloriosissimum Confessorem S.
Cuthbertum
Patronum nostrum, nos
que
& Monasterium nostrum
Dunelm.
hactenus habuistis, & habetis in praesenti, sicut ex factis vestris notoriis, & praesertim ex donatione unius tenementi cum suis pertinentiis in vico vulgariter vocato
Pilgrym-street
infra dictam villam
Novi Castri
situati & jacentis, ac ad vos jure haereditario ejusdem
Johannae
notorie spectantis, unanimi vestrum assensu & voluntate, ac in puram & perpetuam elemosinam nobis & dicto nostro Monasterio jam nuper facta, prout per Cartam vestrae donationis & feoffamenti nobis desuper factam satis sumus experti, animos nostros excitant & inducunt ut tam vobis quam parentibus vestris mortuis, quorum nomina & cognomina in libris nostris inter caeteros Benefactores nostros vivos & mortuos ad aeternam rei memoriam matriculantur, juxta vestra & eorum merita gratitudinis vicissitudinem spiritualiter rependamus: unde vos & vestrum utrum
que
ac Parentes vestros praedictos in Fratres & Sorores spirituales Capituli nostri praedicti praemissorum occasione & praetextu admittimus per praesentes, & quantum in nobis est, & Altissimo placuerit, omnium Mistarum, Vigiliatum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum
que
operum pietatis, & suffragiorum quorumcun
que
quae per nos & successores nostros, tam in dicto nostro Monasterio, quam Cellis ab eodem dependentibus fiunt & fient in perpetuum, participationem concedimus specialem: & cum ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos vel alterum vestrum evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis & vestrum altero primo decedente, vestris etiam Parentibus antedictis, sicut pro aliis Confratribus & Consororibus nostris spiritualibus de medio sublatis consueta orationum suffragia perpetuis futuris temporibus Altissimo persolvemus. Praeterea propter praemissa, & alia vestra merita nobis & dicto nostro Monasterio caritative impensa, quandam Annuitatem sex marcarum monetae
Angliae
a nobis & successoribus nostris singulis annis futuris temporibus sub modo & forma subsequentibus percipiendam & habendam, quamdiu vixeritis aut alter vestrum vixerit, vobis & utri
que
vestrum diutius viventi ex gratia nostra uberiori damus & concedimus per praesentes, ita viz. quod in partem solutionis dictae Annuitatis sex marcarum vos & uter
que
vestrum pro tempore vitae vestrae & alterius vestrum diutius viventis percipietis & habebitis, sic
que
percipiet & habebit alter vestrum omnimodas decimas garbarum in villa & campis de
Symondsyde
annuatim crescentes ad vestros usus proprios pro quatuor marcis, tribus solidis, & quatuor denariis, quamdiu terrae ad ipsam villam & tenentes ejusdem pertinentes cultae fuerint & seminatae, & residuum dictae summae non solutum de nobis seu deputatis nostris ad hoc assignatis anuis singulis similiter percipietis & habebitis; si autem hujusmodi terrae ex casu fortuito incultae, vel ad pasturam jaceant & seminatae non fuerint, tunc vobis & vestrum alteri diutius viventi, per manus nostras aut deputati nostri hujusmodi de dicta Annuitate sex marcarum pro termino vitae vestrae, ut praefertur, plenarie erit satisfactum in moneta
Angliae
per acquales portiones ad Festa S.
Martini
in hyeme &
Penrecost.
percipienda. Ad quae omnia & singula sic, ut praemittitur, per nos & successores nostros bene & fideliter facienda obligamus nos & Monasterium nostrum praedictum firmiter per praesentes Sigillo nostro communi roboratas. Data
Dunelm.
in domo nostra Cap
tula
se ment
s
Junu,
Anno Dom. 1474.
1475.
John Carliel
John Rample
1476.
The same.
Peter Bewick
1477.
John Cook
John Heaton
William Dudley
Bishop of
Durham.
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
per
Christophorum Holme.
MEMORAND. Quod quarto die mensis
Junii
Anno Dom. 1477.
Christophorus Holme
coram Dom.
Thoma Caly,
Sub-priore Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
Notario etiam & testibus subscriptis in Ecclesia praedicta personaliter constiturus, confessus est quod ipse
Christophorus
una cum
Henrico Stobbet
&
Humfrido Usher,
vigesimo quarto die mensis
Aprilis
ultimo praeteriti, a pud villam
Novi Castri super Tynam,
obvium habuit quendam
Willielmum Marlee,
in quem idem
Christophorus
adtune & ibidem insultum fecit, & ipsum
Willielmum
cum quodam baculo vocato Wallshbyll graviter percussit & vulneravit, ita quod inde & de aliis plagis in ipsum
Willielmum
per ipsum
Christophorum
& alios adtunc & ibidem impositis, mors secuta fuit dictum
Willielmum
ut dicitur: unde idem
Christophorus
immunitatem Ecclesiae praeditae, juxta privilegia & libertates ejusdem, cum omni contritione & humilitate cordis instanter ob honorem Dei & S.
Cuthberti
petiit & obtinuit praesentibus; tunc ibidem
Roberto Bartram
publico auctoritate Apostolica Notario,
Roberto Holburn
de
Gatesheved,
&
Johanne Laweson
de
Hilton
testibus ad praemissa vocatis & specialiter requisitis.
Christopher Holme
's Petition to be admitted Partaker of the Immunity of the Cathedral of
Durham,
upon his taking Sanctuary therein.
MEMORANDUM,
That upon the 4th of
June, Anno Dom. 1477. Christopher Holme
personally present in the said Church before
Thomas Caly,
Sub-prior of the Cathedral of
Durham,
a Notary, and the Witnesses named below, made Confession, that he the said
Christopher
together with
Henry Stobbes
and
Humphrey Usher,
upon the 24th of
April
last past, meeting one
William Marlee
in the Town of
Newcastle upon Tyne,
whom the said
Chirstopher
did then and there assault and grievously beat, and wounded the said
William
with acertain Club called a Wallshbyll, so that thereby, as also by other Wounds then inflicted upon him by the said
Christopher
and others, Death seized the said
William,
an was reported, whereupon the said
Christopher
with great Penitence and Humility instantly begged the Immunity of the said Cathedral, according to the Previleges and Liberties thereof, for the Honour of GOD and St.
Cuthbert,
which was readily granted, in the Presence of
Robert Bartram,
by Apostolical Authority Publick Notary:
Robert Holburn
of
Gateside
and
John Lawson
of
Hilton
required especially to attest the Premisses.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1478.
Robert Chambers
John Ridsdale
1479.
John Rample
William Scott
1480.
John Carlisle
William Bewley
1481.
George Carr
William Cunningham
1482.
John Cook
Robert Harding
The King dies.
Richard
III.
John Sherwood
Bishop of
Durham.
1483.
John Carlisle
Robert Stockett
1484.
George Carr
George Bird
Henry
VII.
King
Richard III.
slain.
1485.
Robert Chambers
Thomas Harbourn
1486.
George Carr
Robert Brigham
1487.
The same.
John Penrith
1488.
Tho. Lockwood
William Richardson
1489.
George Carr
William Chambers
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
per
Alexandrum Taylerour.
ALexander Taylerour
Pistor de
Novo Castro
tertio die mensis
Januar.
Anno Dom. 1489. in navi Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
mei
que
Dom.
Willielmi Cawthorne
adtunc Cancellarii ejusdem Ecclesiae & testium subscriptorum praesentia personali
Ecclesiae & libertatis ejusdem, pro eo quod ipse die
Mercurii
proximo post Festum
Epiphaniae,
Anno Dom. supradicto, in
Novo Castro
juxta
Cayse-cross
quendam
Thomam Smythe
ibidem, ut asseruit in defensione sui corporis, cum quodam gestro in pectore sub mamilla sinistra felonice percuffit, unde idem
Thomas
mortuus est eodem die praesentibus ibidem Dom.
Georgio Cornforth
Sacrista pro tunc ejusdem Ecclesiae,
Edwardo Pattonsune, Willielmo Sawfurth,
&
Hugone Walle,
testibus ad praemissa vocatis specialiter & requisitis.
1490.
Peter Bewick
Thomas Morpeth
1491.
George Carr
Robert Harding
1492.
The same.
Barth. Young
Pag. 185. par. 8.]
Confirmatio
Henrici VII.
super Carta
Henrici IV.
de Redditu
Novi Castri
concesso Monachis de
Farne.
HENRICUS
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae
&
Franoiae,
& Dominus
Hibernia,
omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, salutem. Inspeximus Literas Patentes Domini
Henrici
quarti nuper Regis
Angliae,
progenitoris nostri, factas in ha
c verba.
Henrious
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae
&
Franciae,
& Dominus
Hiberniae,
& Dux
Aquitaniae,
omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, salutem. Inspeximus Literas Patentes Domini
Edwardi
nuper Regis
Angliae,
progenitoris nostri, factas in haec verba.
Edwardus
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae
& Dominus
Hibernia,
& Dux
Aquitaniae,
omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint, salutem. Quia ex testimonio illorum, quibus fiduciam adhibemus, quod D.
Edwardus
nuper Rex
Angliae,
pater noster, in vita sua verbo tenus concessit Monachis in lusula de
Farne Island
juxta
Bamburgh
in Comitatu
Northumbriae,
quae quidem Insula est Prioratus
Dunelm.
commorantibus decem quarteria frumenti & duo dolia vini percipienda singulis annis per manus Majoris & Ballivorum de
Novo Castro super Tynam
de elemosina ipsius patris nostri in perperuum, & quod concessio illn in vita ipsius patris non fuit executioni debite demandata noc literis suis aliquibus roborata, Nos, pro salute animae ipstus patris nostri, volentes voluntatem suam in hac parte adimplere & continuare, concessimus Monachis praedictas in recompensationem frumenti & vini praedictorum tresdecim marcas & decent solidos percipiendos singulis annis ad Fostum S.
Micha
lis
per manum Majoris & Ballivorum dictae villae de
Novo Castro super Tynam
qui pro tempore fuerint de firma ejusdem Villae, viz. quin
que
marcas pro quolibot dolio vuni, &c quin
que
folidos pro quolibet quarterio frumenti, habenda eisdem Monachis & successoribus suis Monachis, in Insula praedicta commorantibus. de eleimosina nostra in perpetuum. In cujus rei Testimonium has Litems nostras fiori focimus Patentes. Teste Mcipso apud
Rokesburgh
31. die
Januarii,
anno Regni nostri nono, viz, 1815. Nos auiom concessionem praedictam ratam habentes & gratam eam pro nobis & haeredibus nostris, quantum in nobis est, acceptamus & approbamus, ac nunc Monachis in Insula praedicta commorantibus, & eorum succossoribus, Monachis ibidem commoraturis, concedimus & confirmamus, prout Literae praedictae rationabiliter testantur, & prout iidem nunc Monaehi & praedecessores sui Monachi, qui ibidem moram traxerunt dictas tresdecim marcas & decem solidos annuos a tempore confectionis Literarum praedictarum rationabiliter percipere consueverunt. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teste Meipso apud
Westmonaster.
20. die
Februarii,
Anno Rigni nostri secundo, viz. 1327. Nos autem Literas praedictas ac omnia & singula in eisdem contenta, rata, habentes & grata, ea pro nobis & haeredibus nostris, quantum in nobis est, acceptamus & approbamus, ac nunc Monachis in Insula praedicta commorantibus, & eorum successoribus Monachis ibidem commorantibus, ratificamus & confirmamus, prout Literae praedictae rationabiliter restantur. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teste Meipso apud
Westmonaster.
27. die
Maii,
Anno Regni nostri septimo, 1492.
1493.
George Bird
Thomas Harbreek
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
per
Robertum Grene
de
South Sheles.
VIcesimo quarto die mensis
Augusti,
Anno Dom. 1493.
Robertus Grene
de
South Sheles
in Com.
Dunelm.
venit ad Ecclesiam Cathedralem
Dunelm.
& ibi pulsata campana instanter petiit Immunitatem dictae Ecclesiae & libertatem S.
Cuthberti,
in eo & pro eo quod primo die mensis
Augusti
& Anno Dom. supradicto in
Novo Castro super Tynam
in quodam vico vocato
le Close,
per insultum super eo factum per quendam
Robertum Nicholson
de
Wynlaton
nuper de Comitatu praedicto, sibi in praedicto vico vi & armis cum diversis suis adhaerentibus infidiando, ut asseruit, praedictum
Robertum
cum uno
le Scottes-Axe
bis in pectore percussit & felonice vulneravit, ex quibus plagis & vulneribus sic impositis idem
Robertus Nicholson
incontinenter ibidem obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia praefatus
Robertus Grene
instantissime petiit Immunitatem & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti
in tuitionem sui corporis & bonorum suorum infra
Tynam
&
Tysam,
praesentibus Dom.
Roberto Milner,
Magistro Scholae Grammaticalis Abbathiae
Dunelm. Willielmo Hulet,
Valecto & Custode Equorum Dom. Prioris
Dunelm. Willielmo Grene
&
Thoma Grene
de
Wyvestow,
Husbandmen, testibus ad praemissa rogatis & requisitis.
1494.
The same.
Thomas Grame
Richard Fox
Bishop of
Durham.
1495.
The same.
Christoph. Brigham
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
per
Johannem Boner
de
Gatesheved.
SExto decimo die mensis
Decembris,
Anno Dom. 1495.
Johannes Boner
de
Gatesheved
in Com.
Dunelm.
Laborer, venit ad Eccles
Cathedralem
in suo propri
& ibidem pulsara campana petiic Immunitatem & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti,
in eo & pro eo quod ipse quadam die
Dominica
proxima ante Festum S.
Petri
quod dicitur
ad Vincula,
ad quatuordecim annos elapsos insultum fecit in quendam
Alexandrum Stevenson
juxta parcum de
Doteland
in Comitat.
Hagustaldens.
ac ipsum
Alexandrum
cum uno
le dager,
alio nomine
le whynzard,
in pectore felonice percussit, ex qua percussione praefatus
Alexander
incontinenter obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia praedictus
Johannes Boner
instantissime petiit Immunitatem & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti
& Ecclesiae Cathedralis praedictae praesentibus ibidem honestis viris
Stephano Byris,
Bucher,
Hugone Wall,
&
Willielmo Blyth
de
Dunelmo.
1496.
The same.
William Hayning
1497.
Robert Harding
William Davell
1498.
George Carr
John Penrith
1499.
Robert Brigham
John Snow
Litera Fraternitatis concessa
Willielmo Richardson
villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
Mercatori, &
Janae
uxori suae.
THOMAS CASTEL
Permissione Divina Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Christo
Willielmo Rychardson
villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
Mercatori, &
Janae
uxori suae, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Mentis devotio & sinceri cordis affectus, quos erga gloriosissimum Confessorum S.
Cuthbertum
Patromun nostrum ac Monasterium nostrum
Dunelm.
habuistis & habetis merito nos excitant & inducunt, ut vobis gratitudinis vicissitudinem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem & Consororem spirititales Capituli nostri
Dunelm.
admittimus per praesentes, & quantum in nobis est, omnium Missarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caererorum
que
operum pietatis, quae per nos & successores nostros tam in dicto Monasterio nostro, quam in Cellis ab codem dependentibus fiunt aut siont in perpetuum, Domino largiente participationem vobis concedimus specialem; cum
que
ab hac luce per mortem fueritis revocati, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter fuerit intimatum, pro vobis sicut pro aliis fratribus & sororibus defuncbis consucta orationum suffragia singulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus persolvemus. In cujus rie Testimonium Sigillum commune Capitulli nostri praefentibus est appensum. Data
Dunelm,
decimo die
Januarii,
Ao Dom. 1499.
1500.
George Carr
William Ridle
1501.
Barth. Young
William Selby
William Severus
Bishop of
Durham.
1502.
George Carr
Thomas Hall
1503.
John Snow
Robert Baxter
1504.
Christoph. Brigham
John Blaxton
1505.
The same.
John Brandling
1506.
George Bird
Thomas Sanderson
Christopher Bainbrig
Bishop of
Durham.
1507.
Barth. Young
William Harbred
1508.
Robert Baxter
Thomas Leighton
The King died
April
22. and
Henry VIII.
was proclaimed King.
Hen.
VIII.
Thomas Ruthall
Bishop of
Durham.
Commissio Domini Regis facta
Johanni Dalton
super Officio Collectoris & Custumatoris Lanarum, Coriorum & Pellium Lanatarum in portu villae
Novi Castri super Tynam.
HENRICUS
Dei Gratia Rex
Angliae,
&
Franciae,
& Dominus
Hiberniae,
dilecto sibi
Johanni Dalton
salutem. Sciatis quod nos de fidelitate & circumspectione tuis plenius confidentes, assignavimus te ad Custumam nostram Lanarum, Coriorum, & Pellium lanatarum nobis de haereditate nostra debitam in portu villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
& in singulis locis & crecis eidem portui adjacentibus levandam & colligendam & ad opus nostrum recipiendam; ac ad Sigillum nostrum quod dicitur Coket in portu praedicto custodiendum, ita quod de denariis nobis inde provenientibus nobis respondeas ad Scaccarium nostrum. Habendum & occupandum officium praedictum quamdiu nobis placuerit, cum vadiis, feodis, & regardis eidem officio debitis & consuetis. Et ideo tibi praecipimus quod circa praemissa diligenter intendas, ac ea facias & exequaris in forma praedicta. In cujus rei Testimonium
facimus
Teste Meipso apud
Westmonast,
vigesimo secundo die
Novemb.
Anno Regni nostri primo.
Litera Fraternitatis in Ecclesia Cathedralis
Dunelm.
concessa
Georgio Bird,
Aldermanno villae
Novi Castri super Tynam.
THOMAS
Permissione Divina Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum, dilecto nobis in Christo Magistro
Georgio Bird,
Aldermanno villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
salutem in Domino sempiternam. Mentis devotio & sinceri cordis affectio, quas erga gloriosissimum Confessorem S.
Cuthbertum
Patronum nostrum, nos & Monasterium nostrum
Dunelm.
habuistis, habetis, & credimus in futurun habebitis, merito nos excitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem nostrum spiritualem Capituli nostri
Dunelm.
admittimus per praesentes, & quantum in nobis est, omnium Missarum, Vigiliarium, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum
que
operum pietatis, quae per nos & successores nostros, tam in dicto Monasterio nostro, quam in Cellis ab eodem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus specialem: cum
que
ab hac Iuce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis sicut pro aliis Confratribus nostris defunctis consueta orationum suffragia singulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus persolvemus. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum commune Capituli nostri praesentibus est appensum. Data
Dunelm.
in domo nostra Capitulari nono die mensis
Aprilis,
Ao Dom. 1509.
Letters of Confraternity in the Cathedral of
Durham
granted to
George Bird,
Alderman of the Town of
Newcastle upon Tyne.
THOMAS
by Divinae Permission Prior of the Cathedral of
Durham,
together with the Chapter thereof, send eternal Health in the Lord to our beloved in Christ Mr.
George Bird,
Alderman of the Town of
Newcastle upon Tyne.
The inward Devotion, and that unaffected Sincerity of Heart you have entertained, do possess, and, as we believe, shall afterwards harbour towards the glorious Confessor St.
Cuthbert
our Patron, us, and our Monastery of
Durham,
do justly require us to offer you our Returns of Gratitude; wherefore by these Presents we admit you a spiritual Brother of our Chapter of
Durham,
and to the best of our Power, by the Divine Assistance grant you the special Participation of all Masses, Vigils, Fasts, Prayers, Sermons, Divine Offices, and other Works of Piety, which at present are, or afterwards shall be performed by us and our Successors, as well in our Monastery aforesaid, as in the Cells depending upon it; and when it shall please GOD to call you from this Life, and certain Intimation thereof shall be given us, in futurity we shall annually offer up in your Behalf the usual Suffrages of Prayer, as hitherto has been done for others of our spiritual Brethren deceased. In Testimony whereof the common Seal of our Chapter is affixed to those Presents. Dated at
Durham
in our Chapter-house this ninth Day of
April, 1509.
1509.
John Brandling
Edward Baxter
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1510.
Thomas Riddell
Roger Dent
1511.
George Bird
John Paslopp
1512.
John Brandling
Thomas Horsley
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
pro
Roberto Lee.
UNdecimo die mensis
Octobris
Anno Dom. 1512. venit ad Ecclesiam Cathedralem
Dunelm, Robertus Lee,
ibi
que
pulsata campana, ut moris est, instanter petiit Immunitatem dictae Ecclesiae & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti,
pro eo & ex eo quod idem
Robertus
simul cum aliis, inter muros villae
Novi Castri super Tynam
&c. aquam de
Tyne
deorsum pontem de
Tyne,
erat personaliter, quando quidam
Johannes Fresill
dactaliter percussit quendam
Willielmum Wright,
cum uno
daggar
super dorsum inter scapulas nono die mensis praedicti, de qua percussione dictus
Willielmus
eodem die obiit: & quia idem
Robertus Lee,
ut asserit, dedit opem & auxilium dicto
Johanni
homicidae ad evadendum manus circumstantium ideo petit pro dicto facto instantissime Immunitatem & Libertatem praedictas, praesentibus
Johanne Watson,
Literato, &
Jacobo Johnson,
Laico, testibus ad praemissa vocatis & specialiter rogatis.
1513.
John Baxton
William Harding
On the 9th of
Septemb.
this Year
James IV.
King of
Scotland
being slain in the Battle of
Flodden Field, Thomas Howard
Earl of
Surrey,
General of the
English
Army, having taken care that the dead Body should be embalmed, carried it first to
Newcastle,
whence it was conveyed to
Shene
in
Surrey,
where it was interred.
Ld. Herbert. Echard.
Litera Fraternitatis in Ecclesia Cathedrali
Dunelm.
concessa
Edwardo Baxster,
Aldermanno villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
&
Aliciae
uxori suae.
THOMAS
Permissione Divina Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Christo
Edwardo Baxster
&
Aliciae
uxori suae, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Mentis devotio & sinceri cordis affectio, quas erga gloriosissimum Confessorem S.
Cuthbertum
Patronum nostrum, nos, ac Monasterium nostrum
Dunelm.
habetis, & ut firmiter credimus, in futurum habebitis, merito nos incitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus; unde vos in Confratrem & Consovorem spirituales Capituli nostri
Dunelm.
admittimus per praesentes, & quantum in nobis est, & Altissimo placuerit, omnium Missarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum
que
operum pietatis, quac per nos & successores nostros, tam in dicto nostro Monasterio
Dunelm.
quam in Cellis ab eodem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus specialem; cum
que
ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis, sicut pro aliis Confratribus & Consororibus nostris spiritualibus detunctis consueta orationum suffragia singulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus persolvemus. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum commune Capituli nostri praesentibus est appensum. Data
Dunelm.
in domo nostra Capitulari decimo die mensis
Augusti,
Ao Dom. 1513.
1514.
Thomas Horsley
Robert Watson
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
pro
Jacobo Horsley
de
Novo Castro.
VIcesimo secundo die mensis
Maii,
Anno Dom. 1514. venit ad Ecclesiam Cathedralem
Dunelm.
quidam
Jacobus Horsley
de villa
Novi Castri super Tynam,
& ibi pulsata campana, ut moris est, instanter petiit Immunitatem Ecclesiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti,
pro eo & ex co quod idem
Jacobus
decimo die mensis
Decembris,
Ao Dom. 1513. apud
Sandhill
in dicta villa
Novi Castri,
ex insultu super eum facto, ut asseruit, per quendam
Johannem Taytte,
eundem
Johannem Taytte
cum uno
dagario
in dextra parte pectoris felonice & laetaliter percussit, imponendo ei plagam mortalem; de qua quidem plaga sic imposita idem
Johannes Taytte
incontinenti obiit. Pro qua quidem felonia sic perpetrata idem
Jacobus Horsley
captus & attachiatus fuerat per officiarios sive ministros Domini Regis in hujusmodi villa existentes, & in prisona vocata
Newgate
ibidem positus; quam quidem prisonam idem
Jacobus
selonice fregit & evasit. Pro qua quidem felonia & e prisona evasione idem
Jacobus
instantissime Immunitatem Ecclesiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti
petiit praesentibus tune ibidem
Johanne Gower, Helisca Kelsay,
&
Thoma Byres, Dunelm.
Dioces. testibus ad praemissa vocatis specialiter & rogatis.
1515.
Roger Dent
Robert Bubell
Petitio Immunitatis Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
pro
Rolando Hall
de
Marley super Montem.
NOno die mensis
Septemb.
Ao Dom. 1515. venit ad Ecclesiam Cathedralem
Dunelm.
quidam
Rolandus Hall
de
Marley super Montem
parochiae de
Whikham,
& ibidem pulsata campana, ut moris est, instanter petiit Immunitatem Ecclesiae Cathedralis praedictae & Libertatem S.
Cuthberti,
pro eo & ex eo quod idem
Rolandus
ex insultu super eum facto, ut asserit, quendam
Thomam Heryson
de
Whikham
praedicta apud
Close-yate
infra villam
Novi Castri super Tynam
cum uno gladio percussit in Festo Nativitatis Dominiae
Mariae,
Anno Domini supradicto, imponendo eidem
Thomae
plagam mortalem in ventre, de qua quidem percussione idem
Thomas Heryson
eodem die obiit; pro qua quidem felonia sic perpetrata supradictus
Rolandus
Immunitatem & Libertatem supradictas instantissime petiit, praesentibus tunc Ibidem
Johanne Halle
de
Dunelm.
Draper,
Willielmo Raw,
&
Thomae Byre
s Dunelm.
Dioces. testibus ad praemissa vocatis & debite recuisitis.
1516.
John Brandling
Peter Chaitor
1517.
Edward Baxter
Nich. Richardson
1518.
The same.
Thomas Baxter
1519.
Thomas Horsley
Gilbert Middleton
1520.
John Brandling
Henry Anderson
1521.
Thomas Riddell
George Davell
1522.
Edward Baxter
Robert Bartram
Litera Fraternitatis in Ecclesia Cathedrali
Dunelm.
concessa
Edwardo Swynburne,
Aldermanno villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
&
Janetae
uxori suae.
HUGO WHITEHEAD
Permissione Divina Prior Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
& ejusdem loci Capitulum, dilectis nobis in Christo
Edwardo Swynborne
&
Janetae
uxori suae, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Mentis devotio & sinceri cordis affectio, quas erga gloriosissimum Confessorem S.
Cuthbertum
Patronum nostrum, nos, ac Monasterium nostrum
Dunelm.
habuistis, habetis, & in futurum, ut firmiter credimus, habebitis, merito nos excitant & inducunt ut vobis gratitudinis vicem rependamus: unde vos in Confratrem & Consororem spirituales Capituli nostri
Dunelm.
admittimus per praesentes, & quantum in nobis est, & Altissimo placuerit, omnium Missarum, Vigiliarum, Jejuniorum, Orationum, Praedicationum, Divinorum Officiorum, caeterorum
que
operum pietatis, quae per nos & successores nostros, tam in dicto Monasterio nostro
Dunelm.
quam in Cellis ab codem dependentibus, fiunt aut fient in perpetuum, Domino largiente, participationem vobis concedimus specialem; cum
que
ab hac luce per mortem Deus vos evocaverit, & hoc nobis certitudinaliter intimatum fuerit, pro vobis sicut pro aliis Confratribus & Consororibus nostris defunctis, orationum suffragia singulis annis futuris perpetuis temporibus persolvemus. In cujus rei Testimonium Sigillum commune Capituli nostri praesentibus est appensum. Data
Dunelm.
in domo nostra Capitulari decimo quinto die mensis
Februar.
Ao Dom. 1522.
1523.
The same.
James Lawson
Thomas Woolsey
Bishop of
Durham.
1524.
Thomas Horsley
Robert Brandling
1525.
The same.
John Watson
1526.
Thomas Riddell
Edward Swinburn
1527.
John Blaxston
William Carr
Acquietantia Majoris & Vicecomitis villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
pro Annuitate viginti Librarum a Rege concessa pro sustentatione Murorum & Pontis dictae villae.
NOVERINT Universi per praesentes Nos
Thomam Riddell,
Majorem villae
Novi Castri super Tynam,
&
Edwardum Swinburne,
Vicecomitem, & Camerarium Comitatus ejusdem, recepisse & habuisse die confectionis praesentium de
Leonardo Musgrave,
Armigero, Collectore Custum. & Subsidior. Domini Regis in portu villae
Novi Castri
praedictae viginti Libras legalis monetae
Angliae,
pro anno instanti finiendo in Festo S.
Michaelis
Archangeli, Ao Dom. 1527. in plenam solutionem cujusdam Annuitatis viginti Librarum per Illustrissimum Principem Dominum nostrum
Henricum
Octavum, Dei Gratia
Angliae
&
Franciae
Regem, Fidei Defensorem, & Dominum
Hiberniae,
ad sustentationem Murorum & Pontis villae
Novi Castri
praedictae devote concessae. De qua quidem summa viginti Librarum fatemur nos plene fore solutos, & dictum
Leonardum Musgrave
inde fore quietum per praesentes, Sigillo nostro communi sigillatos, datos 5o die mensis
Augusti,
Ao Dom. 1527.
1528.
Edward Swinburn
Andrew Bewick
A Recommendation of the Company of
Merchants
of
Newcastle
to the
Merchants-Adventurers
of
England,
in Behalf of
John Chaytour,
a Free Merchant.
TO the Right Worshipfull Masters, Governors, and Assistants of the Right Honorable Fellowship of
Merchant-Adventurers
of the Noble Realm of
England, Edward Swinborne
Mayor, and Governor of the Fellowship of
Merchants
of the Town of
Newcastle upon Tyne, Robert Hoppime
and
John Blenkinsop.
Wardens of the said Fellowship, send greeting in our Lord GOD everlasting, and to whom appertaineth due Honour and Reverence: We intimate, shew, and declare to your Universities, that
John Chaytour,
Bearer hereof, was at this Time th' Apprentice and Servant of
Peter Chaytour,
Merchant, Whilst he lived, late of the said Town of
Newcastle upon Tyne,
deceased, bound by Indenture for the Space of seven Years, after the accustomed laudable Manner used and observed in semblable Cases heretofore within this Realm of
England,
as by the Purpors of the same Indenture of Apprenticehood more at large it doth appear; and sithence the Departure of the said
Peter Chaytour
hath served
Robert Hordson,
Merchant, of the King's Town of
Newcastle
aforesaid, being of honest Conversation and vertuous Demennour, without any sinister Impediment, but that the said
John Chaytour
may with your lawful Favour be Admitted to his Freedom, and to enjoy the Liberties of the same accordingly, for th' accustomed Duties paying. In Witness whereof to these Presents we have put th' accustomed Seal of the same Fellowship. Given at
Newcastle
aforesaid.
1529.
James Lawson
Bartholomew Bee
Officium Clerici Minerarum Episcopatus
Dunelm.
concessum
Willielmo Thomlyngson,
Parcario Parci de
Gatesheved,
&
Thomae Thomlyngson
filio suo.
THOMAS
Miseratione Divina tituli S.
Ceciliae
SS.
Romanae
Ecclesiae Presbyter Cardinalis,
Ebor.
Archiepiscopus, Apostolicae Sedis tam natus quam etiam de Latere Legatus,
Angliae
Primas & Cancellarius, ac Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
Episcopus, Omnibus ad quos praesentes Literae nostrae pervenerint, salutem. Sciatis quod nos de gratia nostra speciali, ac pro bono & laudabili servitio quod dilectus serviens noster
Willielmus Thomlyngson
de
Gatished
nobis hactenus impendit, & in futurum nobis & successoribus nostris ac Ecclesiae
Dunelm.
fideliter impendet, ordinamus & constituimus ipsum
Willielmum Thomlyngson
&
Thomam Thomlyngson
ipsius filium naturalem Clericum omnium Minerarum nostrarum tam plumbi & ferri quam carbonum existentium in quibuscun
que
locis infra Dominia nostra Episcopatus
Dunelm.
nec non officium Clerici Minerarum praedictarum eisdem
Willielmo
&
Thomae
conjunctim & divisim damus & concedimus per praesentes, Habendum, exercendum, & occupandum officium illud per seipsos aut eorum sufficientem deputatum, pro quo nobis & successoribus nostris respondere voluerint, durante termino vitae eorundem & alterius eorum diutius viventis, percipiendo annuatim in eodem officio de nobis & successoribus nostris durante termino vitae eorundem
Willielmi
&
Thomae,
& alterius eorum diutius viventis, decem marcas monetae
Angliae,
ad Festum S.
Michaelis
Archangeli, ad Scaccarium nostrum
Dunelm.
per manus Receptoris nostri generalis pro tempore existentis solvendas: nec non damus & concedimus eisdem
Willielmo
&
Thomae,
& eorum alteri diutius viventi, unam celdram carbonum de qualibet minera carbonum nobis & successoribus nostris pertinente infra Dominia nostra de
Gatished, Whikeham,
&
Lynne-deane
dietim solvendam & deliberandam; una cum omnibus aliis proficuis, commoditatibus, rectitudinibus, custubus, & expensis eidem officio ab antiquo debitis & consuetis, ac in tam amplioribus modo & forma prout aliquis Clericus in officio illo ante haec tempora habuit & recepit, feu habere & percipere consuevit. Damus autem universis & singulis Ballivis, Firmariis, & Ministris nostris & successorum nostrorum omnium Minerarum nostrarum praedictarum firmiter in mandatis, quatenus praefatis
Willielmo
&
Thomae,
& eorum alteri in faciendo, exercendo, & occupando officium praedictum sint intendentes, obedientes, & auxiliantes prout decet. In cujus rei Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes. Teste
Willielmo Frankeleyne
Clerico Cancellario nostro apud
Dunelm.
primo die mensis
Octob.
Anno Pontif. nostri sexto Ao Dom. 1529.
Cardinal
Wolsey
's Patent, constituting
William Thomlyngson,
then Keeper of
Gateside
Park, and
Thomas Thomlyngson
his Son, Clerk of the Mynes belonging to the Bishoprick of
Durham.
THOMAS,
by Divine Mercy, Presbyter Cardinal of the Title of S.
Cecilia
in the holy Church of
Rome,
Archbishop of
York,
Legate born, as also
de Latere
of the Apostolical See, Primate and Chancellor of
England,
and Bishop of the Cathedral Church of
Durham,
to all to whom these our present Letters shall come, greeting. Know ye, that we, of our especial Grace, and in Return for the good and commendable Services hitherto performed for us by our beloved Servant
William Thomlyngson
of
Gateside,
and henceforth shall faithfully execute for us, our Successors, and the Church of
Durham,
do ordain, and have constituted
William Thomlyngson
himself, and
Thomas Thomlyngson
his natural Son, Clerk of all our Mynes, as well of Lead and Iron, as of Coals, being wheresoever within the Demesne Lands of our Bishoprick of
Durham:
And by these Presents we give and grant the said Office of Clerk of the Mynes to the said
William
and
Thomas
jointly and separately, to have, exercise, and enjoy by themselves personally, or their sufficient Deputy, for whose Behaviour they shall be answerable, during the Term of their Lives, or of the Survivor, receiving yearly in the said Office of us and our Successors, during the Term of Life of thi said
William
and
Thomas,
and the Surviver of them; ten Marks of
English
Money, to be paid at our Exchequer of
Durham,
at the Feast of S.
Michael
the Archangel, by the Hands of our General Receiver who shall then be in Office. We likewise give and grant to the said
William
and
Thomas,
and to the Survivor of them, one Chalder of Coals of each Coal Myne belonging to us and our Successors within our Demesnes of
Gateside, Whikeham,
and
Lynne-deane,
to be daily paid and delivered, together with all other Profits, Advantages, Rights, Costs, and Expences of old accustomed and pertaining to the said Office, and in as extensive Manner and Form as in the said Office any Clerk formerly had and received, or used to have and receive. And we firmly command all and singular our Bailiffs, Farmers, and Officers in the said Mynes, that they shall be observant, obedient, and assistant to the said
William
and
Thomas,
and to each of them, in the Performance, Execution and Possession of the aforesaid Office, as in Decency they ought. In Testimony whereof, we have commanded these our Letter to be made Patent, Witnessed by
William Frankeleyne,
our Chancellor of
Durham,
this sixth Day of
October,
in the sixth Year of our Pontificate, and the Year of our Lord 1529.
1530.
Gilbert Middleton.
Roger Mitford.
Cuthbert Tunstall,
Master of the
Rolls,
Bishop of
Durham.
1531.
Henry Anderson.
John Anderson.
1532.
Robert Brandling.
Ralph Carr.
1533.
Thomas Horsley.
William Dent.
1534.
Ralph Carr.
Peter Bewick.
1535.
Thomas Baxster.
Thomas Bewick.
1536.
Robert Brandling.
John Ord.
1537.
John Sanderson.
John White.
1538.
Andrew Bewick.
George Selby.
1539.
Henry Anderson.
John Hilton.
1540.
James Lawson.
Robert Brigham.
This Year War being declared against
Scotland, William Fitz-Williams,
Earl of
Southampton,
Captain of the
Foreward,
died at
Newcastle;
a brave Lord, and so much esteemed, that his Standard was born in the
Foreward
in all this Expedition. Lord
Herbert.
1541.
James Hilton.
Robert Cowin.
The
Scotch
Army being routed this Year by an inconsiderable Number of the
English,
and the Earls of
Glencarn
and
Cassills,
the Lords
Maxwell, Somerville, Oliphant, Gray,
and
Oliver Sinclair,
being, taken Prisoners, and carried to
London,
a few Days after the Birth of
Mary
Princess of
Scotland,
and of
James
the Vth her Father's Death; coming together, King
Henry
the
VIIIth
thought it a favourable Juncture to unite
Scotland
to
England,
by matching his Son
Edward
with the new Queen of
Scotland:
He caused the Lords the Prisoners to be sounded upon this Head, and finding them inclined to second the Overture, he set them at Liberty, on Condition they would give Hostages for their Return, in Case the Project of the Marriage did not succeed: This Condition being accepted, they were conducted to
Newcastle,
from whence they returned home, upon Delivery of the Hostages.
Rapin.
1542.
Henry Anderson.
Mark Shaftoe.
1543.
Robert Brandling.
Barth Anderson.
In this Year, being the 36th of King
Henry
the
VIIIth
Reign, an Invasion of
Scotland
being determined,
Edward Seymour
Earl of
Hertford,
and
John Dudley
Lord
Lisle
High Admiral, were appointed for this Expedition: The former led the Army to
Newcastle,
where that Admiral arrived with a Fleet of Men of War and
200
Transport-Ships, on board of which the Troops were embarked: The Earl of
Hertford
landed near
Leith,
took that Town with some Difficulty, and then marched directly to
Edinburgh,
of which he became Master with the same Ease. That City was sacked and burnt, but the
English
attacked not the Castle for fear of being engaged in too long a Siege. After that, they returned to
Leith,
and burning the Town, returned to
Berwick
the 18th Day of
May. Rapin.
1544.
Robert Lewin.
Cuthbert Ellison.
1545.
George Deval.
Oswold Chapman.
Edw.
VI.
Upon the 28th of
January
the King died, in the 59th Year of his Age, and 37th of his Reign, and was succeeded by
Edward
his Son, in the 9th Year of his Age.
1546.
Henry Anderson
Edward Baxter.
In this Year, the first of
K. Edward VI.
an Army was prepared for the Invasion of
Scotland,
under the Command of
Edward Seymour
Duke of
Somerset,
Lord Protector. The Army first assembled at
Newcastle,
and were there muster'd by
John Dudley,
Earl of
Warwick:
Here they sojourned three Days, in which Time the King's Fleet arrived, consisting of
65
Bottoms, whereof one open Galley and
34
tall Ships were well appointed for Fight: The rest served for Carriage of Ammunition and Victuals. Of the Fleet
Edward
Lord
Clinton
was Admiral, and Sir
William Woodhouse
his Vice-Admiral. In this Time also a General Muster was taken, the whole Army consisting of between
1200
and
1300
Foot, and
1300
Men at Arms,
2000
Light Horse, being such Men for their goodly Personages, their ready Horses, their brave Apparel, their Armour, and Weapons, as never before was an Army set forth in all Points better appointted. Sir
J Haywood.
1547.
Robert Brandling.
Thomas Scott.
1548.
Mark Shaftoe.
Cuthbert Blunt.
1549.
Cuthbert Ellison
Richard Hodgson.
1550.
Robert Brigham.
Cuthbert Musgrave.
1551.
Barthol. Anderson.
Christopher Mitford.
In the last Year of King
Edward VI.
passed an Act for suppressing the Bishoprick of
Durham,
the same being void of a Prelate by the Deprivation of Bishop
Tunstall,
so that the Gift thereof was in the King's Pleasure, and the Compass of it being so large, extending to so many Shires so far distant, that it could not be sufficiently served by one Bishop, and the King being willing to have two Bishopricks for that Diocese, the one at
Durham,
which should have
2000
Marks Revenue, and another at
Newcastle,
which should have
1000
Marks-Revenue, and also to found a Cathedral Church at
Newcastle,
with a Deanry and Chapter out of the Revenues of the said Bishoprick. Therefore the Bishoprick is utterly extinguished and dissolved, and Authority given, by Letters Patents, to erect the two new Bishopricks, together with the Deanry and Chapter at
Newcastle,
with a Proviso, that the Rights of the Dean and Chapter of
Durham
should suffer nothing by this Act.
Burnet
Hist. Reform.
Part II. Book I. pag. 204.
The King died, and
Mary
eldest Daughter of King
Henry VIII.
proclaimed Queen.
1552.
Robert Lewin
John Law.
1553.
Cuthbert Blunt.
Robert Ellison.
Q.
Mary.
In the 3d Session of the Parliament of the first Year of Queen
Mary,
King
Edward
's Act to dissolve the Bishoprick of
Durham
was repealed; and Bishop
Tunstall
restored to his Bishoprick.
1554.
Cuthbert Ellison.
William Dixon.
1555.
Richard Hodgson.
John Wilkinson.
1556.
Christop. Mitford
William Dent.
1557.
Bartram Anderson.
William Carr.
1558.
Oswald Chapman.
Andrew Suretie.
The Queen dy'd
Nov. 17.
and was succeeded by her Sister
Elizabeth,
younger Daughter of
K. Henry. VIII.
1559.
Robert Ellison.
Robert Anderson.
Q.
Elizabeth.
1560.
Cuthbert Musgrave.
Francis Anderson.
James Pilkington
Bishop of
Durham.
1561.
John Williamson.
Stephen Southeren.
1562.
William Dent.
George Selby.
1563.
Bartram Anderson.
Thomas Lidle.
1564.
Robert Brandling.
W. Selby.
1565.
William Carr.
Anthony Swinburn.
1566.
Richard Hodgson.
Henry Brandling.
Original of Extempore Prayer, never to be forgotten, which the
Covenant
and
Directory
may boast of.
WHILE Queen
Elizabeth
and her excellent Ministry endeavoured to establish the Church of
England
upon the best Foundations, and sensible of the Attempts against her Liturgy, first at
Geneva,
and afterwards at
Francfort,
and all reasonable Propositions to convince the
Puritans, Rome
offers openly to abet that Separation, in a Way so plausible, that had not Heaven detected the first Agent, the
Anabaptism
of
Germany
must have rooted in
England
under so gifted a Teacher as
Faithful Cummin,
a noted
Dominican,
whose History I transcribe from
Scrype
's Life of Archbishop
Parker,
pag.
230
and
244.
In this Year came one of these Dissenting Preachers, in Appearance (but in Truth a
Dominican
Friar) to
Maidstone,
to the
Maidenhead
Inn there, with divers others his Followers; where, as Guests, they bespa e a Dinner: Divers others resorted hither, enquiring for this Man, whose Name was
Faithful Cummin.
These were his Congregation. Being thus met in the Room they had taken up,
Cummin
exercised extemporary Prayer for about two Hours, groaning and weeping much. The Exercise being over, most of the Company departed; some few carried and partook with the Exerciser of the Dinner provided.
Of this Meeting
John Clarkson,
the Archbishop's Chaplain, being informed, acquainted his Grace, and be the Queen and Council. Before whom at length this Man was convened the next Year, as a Sower of Sedition among the Queen's Subjects: Here the Archbishop examined him; he acknowledged he was ordained by Cardinal
Pole,
but said that he was fallen off from
Rome,
and that he was a Preacher of the Gospel; but that he had no Licence to preach from any of the Bishops, since the Reformation. And when the Archbishop asked him, if he had no such Licence, how any could be assured that he was not of the
Romish
Church? He would prove that by his Prayers and Sermons, wherein he had spoken against
Rome
and the
Pope,
as much as any of the Clergy. And he pretented, that it was Licence enough to preach, to have the Spirit which he said he had. When the Archbishop again demanded, whether that could be the Spirit, that complied not with the Orders of the Church, lately purged and cleansed from Idolatry? He replied, he endeavoured to make the Church purer than it was. This Man had a Congregation, that followed him; which he termed Men of tender Consciences: And with them he prayed and preached, and administred the Sacrament. When he preached in publick, he would be absent till the Divine Service were over (for the
English
Liturgy he could not away with) and then he could come into the Church and preach.
After his former Examination, and giving Bail for his farther Appearance, he found Opportunity to escape beyond Sea; telling his Congregation, that he was warned of God to travel abroad, to instruct Protestants in the other Parts of the World, and would come again to them: Leaving these as his last Words to them, That spiritual Prayer was the chief Testimony of a true Protestant; and that the Set Form of Prayer was but the Mass translated; and so praying with them, and getting Money from them to bear his Expences, in many Tears he parted from them; and was afterwards seen in the
Low Countries,
went to
Rome,
and upon declaring his Services to the Pope, who, after commending him, gave him a Reward of Two Thousand Ducati.
This is more amply related in the First Part of
Foxes and Firebrands,
pag.
13.
1567
Robert Anderson.
John Watson.
Nov. 3.
this Year died
Nicholas Carr,
a Native of this Town, eminent not only for his Learning, but also for his great Suceess in the Practice of Physick at
Cambridge.
1568
Henry Brandling.
William Jennison.
1569.
Christoph. Mitford.
George Simpson.
1570.
Robert Ellison.
George Briggs.
1571.
William Jennison.
Henry Anderson.
1572.
Thomas Liddell.
Robert Barker.
1573.
William Selby.
Mark Shaftoe.
1574.
John Watson.
Roger Law.
1575.
Henry Brandling.
William Ridle.
1576.
Henry Brandling.
Christopher Lewen.
1577.
Robert Baker.
Edward Lewen.
Richard Barnes
Bishop of
Durham.
1578.
Mark Shaftoe.
Henry Leonard.
1579.
Roger Rawe.
James Carr.
1580.
Richard Hodgson.
Robert Atkinson.
1581.
William Jennison.
Henry Chapman.
1582.
William Riddel.
Henry Mitford.
1583.
Henry Anderson.
Roger Nicholson.
1584.
Henry Mitford.
Lionel Maddison.
1585.
Robert Barker.
George Whitfield.
1586.
Henry Chapman.
Robert Dudley.
1587.
Edward Lewin.
Robert Eden.
1588.
Roger Nicholson.
George Farnaby.
1589.
William Selby.
John Gibson.
Matthew Hutton
Bishop of
Durham.
This Year, being the 31st of Q.
Elizabeth, Newcastle
was made a Free Town of itself, and for ever to be known by the Name of the Mayor and Burgesses of the Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
in the County of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne,
with Licence to purchase Lands and Tenements by that Name, to them and their Successors, in Fee and Perpetuity; and to give, grant, and demise the same; and to have a Common Seal for transacting their Affairs. and the same to break, change, or alter; and to pay
per Annum 100 l.
and to have the Town granted in Fee; and used to have the Goods, Chattels, Waves, Estreys, and Treasure found.
This Year likewise was granted to the Town an Admiralty Jurisdiction within their own Liberties, together with Confirmation of the Declaration
Ao 19
K.
Hen. VIII.
from
Arthur Plantagenet
Viscount
Dusley
Lord High Admiral, That
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
was exempt from his Jurisdiction.
1590.
William Riddel.
Ralph Jennison.
1591.
George Farnaby.
William Greenwell.
1592.
Roger Rawe.
Thomas Lidle.
1593.
Lionel Maddison.
William Jennison.
1594.
Henry Anderson.
George Selby.
Matthew Hutton
Bishop of
Durham
translated to
York,
was succeeded in the Bishoprick of
Durham
by
Tobias Matthew
Dean of
Durham.
1595.
William Riddell.
Francis Anderson.
1596.
Ralph Jennison,
Andrian Hedworth.
 
Henry Chapman.
 
1597.
Thomas Liddell.
William Huntley.
1598.
George Farnaby.
William Warmouth.
1599.
William Jennison.
James Clavering.
1600.
George Selby.
Robert Anderson.
March 22.
this Year, being the 42d of Q.
Elizabeth,
was confirmed the Custom of Foreign Bought and Foreign Sold, in the following Words:
That no Merchant being a Foreigner or Stranger from the Liberty of the Town of
Newcastle,
should or might sell any of the Merchandizes or Wares within the s
w Town, except victuals, and except in the Markets and Fairs to be kept within the aforesaid Town and Liberties, and Precincts of the same, unto any Foreign Merchants: Neither might or should any such Foreign Merchants buy any Ware or Merchandize, except what are before excepted, and except in the Fairs to be kept in the aforesaid Town, the Limits and Liberties of the same, as aforesaid, from any Foreign Merchant within the same Town, the Liberties and Precincts of the same, upon Pain of Forfeiture of those Merchandizes, so as aforesaid bought and sold, to the publick Use of the said Mayor and Burgesses, by them or their Officers to be levied or seized for ever.
1601.
Francis Anderson.
Thomas Ridle.
1602.
Robert Dudley.
Francis Burrell.
March 24.
died the Queen, and was succeeded by King
James I.
and sixth of the Name in
Scotland.
1603.
Will. Warmouth.
Matthew Chapman.
James
I.
When King
James I.
came from
Scotland
to take Possession of the Crown of
England,
he arrived at
Newcastle
on the 9th of
April 1603.
where he staid three Days, and heard
Tobias Matthew
Bishop of
Durham
preach on the
Sunday:
And the Inhabitants were so transported with his Arrival and Presence, that during his Stay they bore all the Charges of his Houshold.
Echard.
1604.
Thomas Riddell.
Peter Ridle.
This Town was thought worthy to give the Honour of the Title of Earl to the Duke of
Lenox.
1605.
Lionel Maddison.
Henry Maddison.
1606.
Sir
George Selby.
Hugh Selby.
Tobias Matthew
Bishop of
Durham
was translated to
York,
and succeeded by
William James
Dean of
Durham.
1607.
James Clavering.
Robert Shaftoe.
1608.
Henry Chapman
William Hall.
1609.
Thomas Liddell.
Thomas Lidle.
1610.
William Jennison.
Timothy Draper.
1611.
Sir
George Selby.
Alexander Davison.
1612.
Francis Anderson.
Roger Anderson.
1613.
Sir
Henry Anderson.
Henry Chapman
This Year was apprehended at
Glasgow
one
Ogleby
a Jesuit, sent by Command of his Superiors in the College of
Gratts
in
Stiria:
By the King's Command, he was interrogated upon five several Questions;
viz.
Whether the Pope be Judge
in Spiritualibus
over his Majesty; and whether
in Temporalibus,
if it be in
Ordine ad Spiritualia?
Whereto he answers in Writing to the first Part affirmatively,
in Spiritualibus;
but whether
in Temporalibus,
he is not obliged to answer to any but a Judge of Controversies in Religion, the Pope, or one of his Authority.
2.
Whether the Pope has a Power to depose Kings after their Excommunication, and in particular his Majesty? To this he answer'd, He will not declare but to a lawful Judge of Religion.
3.
Whether the Pope hath Power to excommunicate Kings, such as are not of his Church, as his Majesty? To this he answer'd affirmatively; and that all People baptiz'd are under the Pope's Power.
4.
Whether it be no Murder to kill the King so deposed?
5.
Whether he hath Power to assoil Subjects from the Oath of their Allegiance to his Majesty? To these he answers
ut supra.
He railed at the Oath of Allegiance as damnable and treasonable against God; so became unworthy of Mercy, and order'd to prepare for his Trial; and the Evening before it began, was told, that he was not to be tried for any thing relating to his Religion, but for his former Answers to the Questions, which he may recal, and crave Mercy: This he utterly refused. Upon his Trial, he protests not to acknowledge the Judges nor Judgment lawful: The King to have no Authority but derivative from his Predecessors, who acknowledged the Pope's Jurisdiction: If the King will be to me, as they were to mine, he shall be my King; if otherwise, I value him not: And that I repent only for not having been so busy as I should in that which you call perverting of Subjects, and I call saving of Souls: I do decline the King's Authority, and will do it still in Matters of Religion; most of your Ministers maintain it, and if they be wise, will continue in that Mind. His insolent Speech was shortned by the Jurors quick Return, who found him guilty, and he had Sentence of Treason; and to stop his Raillery, he was after Noon the same Day hanged at
Glasgow.
He was a desperate second
Ravillae,
and ready in that Devilish Doctrine of Deposing and Dethroning Kings; which he urged the more (he said) as consonant to the Kir
Ministers Tenets; and that nothing troubled him, but to be taken away 'ere he had done That which all
Scotland
and
England
should not have prevented; and had it been performed, no Torments would have been by him refused.
1614.
Will. Warmouth.
John Cook.
1615.
Francis Burrell.
Robert Bewick.
1616.
Sir
Thomas Riddell.
Nicholas Misburn.
1617.
Lionel Maddison.
William Bonner.
Richard Neile
Bishop of
Durham.
King
James
at his going into
Scotland
this Year, gave Directions for repairing and orderly adorning his Chapel, and Officers sent out of
England
with Necessaries, and some Portraits and Pictures of the Apostles carved for the Pews and Stalls; but the People exclaim at the Sights, that such Images were to be set up; the Organs were come before, and after comes the Mass. The King was angry at their Ignorance, and sent them word to distinguish betwixt Pictures intended for Ornament and Decoration, and Images erected for Worship and Adoration. So the
Scots
Kirk can endure Dogs, Bears, and Bulls, nay Devils-Dressings, to be figured in Churches, but not the Patriarchs, nor Apostles.
Frankland
's
Annals,
p.
28.
1618.
James Clavering.
John Clavering.
1619.
Sir
Peter Riddell.
Robert Anderson.
1620.
Henry Chapman.
Nicholas Tempest.
1621.
William Jennison.
Henry Lidle.
1622.
Sir
George Selby.
Richard Ledgar,
William Jackson.
1623.
Henry Maddison
Henry Bowes,
William Jennison.
1624.
William Hall.
William Jackson.
Charles
I.
The King died
March 24.
and was succeeded by his only Son King
Charles I.
1625.
Thomas Liddell.
Ralph Cole.
1626.
Alexander Davison.
Ralph Cock.
1627.
Henry Chapman.
Henry Cock.
George Montaigne
Bishop of
Durham.
1628.
Robert Bewick.
Ralph Grey.
John Howson
Bishop of
Durham.
1629.
John Clavering.
Robert Shaftoe.
1630.
Robert Anderson.
James Carr.
1631.
Will. Warmouth.
Henry Warmouth.
This Year the Sheriff of of
Durham
was ordered by the King and Council to apprehend Offenders damaging the River
Tyne,
and to carry them before the Mayor of
Newcastle,
Conservator of the said River.
1632.
Sir
Lionel Maddison
Francis Bowes.
Thomas Morton
Bishop of
Durham.
1633.
Ralph Cole.
Nicholas Cole.
His Majesty this Year, in his Journey to be crowned in
Scotland,
arrived at
Durham
upon
Saturday, June
the 1st, and was received by the Bishop, Dean, and Prebendaries, with the truest Marks of Veneration. Upon
Sunday
the Bishop preached before his Majesty in the Cathedral, and upon
Monday, June
the 3d, set forwards for
Newcastle
about Ten in the Morning, and arrived there in the Evening, attended by the Earls of
Northumberland, Arundel, Pembroke, Southampton, Holland,
the Marquis
Hamilton,
Dr.
Laud
Bishop of
London,
and many other Persons of Quality; who were all entertain'd by the Magistrates and Town.
Echard.
1634.
Ralph Cock.
John Marley.
1635.
Sir
Peter Riddell.
Leonard Carr.
1636.
Thomas Liddoll.
Henry Lawson.
1637.
John Marley.
Peter Maddison.
This Year Card.
Richlieu
's secret Attempts against
England,
in Return for our Help to the
Rochellers,
took Effect, in Consequence of innumerable secret Plots and Undertakings parallel to those we have mentioned above,
viz. 1566
in
England,
and
1611, 1617
in
Scotland:
Since
July
the 23d, a zealous Woman kindled the first Firebrand, in the Presence of the Privy-Council, Archbishop and Bishops, at Reading the Liturgy in St.
Giles
's Church in
Edinburgh,
she first casting a Stool at the Reader thereof, with most opprobrious Language, whereby the Mob became exasperated to so great a Height, that after innumerable Curses, they endanger'd the Life of that Bishop with Stones, Seats, Stools, and Cudgels, who attempted from the Pulpit to allay their Fury.
Frankland
's
Annals,
p.
609.
1638.
Alexander Davison.
Mark Milbank.
In Consequence of last Year's Insurrection at
Edinburgh,
the Solemn League and Covenant was universally accepted in
Scotland,
the Snare into which
England
was soon after drawn, to its own general Ruin,
Newcastle
being the first Victim sacrificed to that Idol.
Octob. 31.
A. Declaration published in
Scotch
against the Service-Book, and Aid sollicited from
France.
1639.
Robert Bewick.
John Emmerson.
His Majesty, at the Head of a gallant Army, marched from
York
against the
Scotch
Covenanters, and Duke
Hamilton
with the
English
Fleet, and
5000
Foot on board, enters the
Frith,
which struck a general Terror in the Rebels, they having so many fast Friends about the King, were not so apprehensive of the Army, thereby procuring a pacifick Dissolution of their Enemies while their own Officers were retained in Pay, and the Men secured, to be ready at Command.
Afterwards, in the Assembly, they censure the King's large Declaration of those Troubles, and upon Surmize only, name Dr.
Balcanqual,
Dean of
Durham,
Author thereof, and demand he may be sent to
Scotland
to abide his Trial, which would have been more than Ordeal.
Frankland
's
Annals,
p.
787.
1640.
Sir
N. Cole,
Kt. Bar.
Francis Lidle.
The
Scotish
Covenanters Letter of Submission to the
French
King, presented by his Majesty to his Parliament of
England.
In this Mayor's Time the
Scots,
under the Command of General
Lesley, Montross,
and others, upon
Friday August
1.
invaded the Kingdom of
England
without any Opposition; and, to give the greater Encouragement to the Soldiers, the Earl of
Montross
leading the Van, alighted off his Horse, and went through the River
Tweed
on Foot, so zealous did he still seem for the Cause. The Army advancing unmolested through
Northumberland,
came to
Newburne
upon the River
Tyne,
four Miles above
Newcastle,
opposite to which the Lord
Conway
was advantagiously posted with
3000
Foot and
1500
Horse, able to have made a sufficient Resistance. The Armies being in View,
Lesley
sent a Messenger to the Lord
Conway,
desiring Leave tp pass, with a Petition to his Majesty, To which Answer was returned, That he might have Liberty to pass with a few, but not with his Army; upon which
Lesley
commanded
300
Horse to ford the River, which they did, but were soon forced to retire by the Musqueteers from behind an Intrenchment; which
Lesley
perceiving, play'd so furiously upon it with his Cannon, that the Soldiers soon abandoned their Post, threw down their Arms, and fled: Whereupon the
Scots
Cavalry advance again, and are entertain'd by Commissioner-General;
Wilmot,
who gallantly charg'd them back into the River; but these were overpower'd by Numbers of the
Scots,
and being withal gall'd and annoy'd by the
Scotish
Ordnance, were forced to retire in Disorder,
200 English
being slain and taken Prisoners. The Lord
Conway
retired to
North-Allerton,
where the Noble Earl of
Strafford
was very severe upon him, because of this Defeat, which my Lord
Clarendon
calls an
infamous
and
irreparable
Rout.
The immediate Consequence was, Numbers of People fled, with their Families and Goods, into
Yorkshire,
Bishop
Morton
to his Castle at
Stockton,
and thence into the
South
Dr.
Balcanqual
their Countryman, the Dean, made haste to secure himself, the
Scots
threatning to treat him as an Incendiary for Penning the King's large Declaration. The next Day the
Scots
were attended by Commissiners from
Newcastle,
Sir
Jacob Ashley,
their Governor, judging the Town not tenable, and sinking his Ordinance in the River, thought fit to desert it, to treat for the Surrender of that important Town. On
Sunday
the, 30th of August the
Scotch
Army enter'd.
Newcastle,
where they took Possession of the King's Magazines of Arms, Ammunitions, and Victuals, and an Opportunity of enlarging Mr.
Colvil,
who had been sent by the Covenanters into
France
with Letters to the
French
King and Cardinal
Richlieu.
The same Day Mr.
Henderson
preach'd in St.
Nicholas
Church, and after Sermon the General and Nobility was treated by the Mayor. The Earl of
Lothian
was made Governor of the Place, with a Garrison of
2000
Men. Which Trust they thought he well deserved, such was his Zeal to the Cause, that tho' both his Father and himself owed all their Wealth and Greatness to the King's Bounty, yet he was one of the first that engaged against him. At the same Time a more dismal Fate attended the Lord
Haddington,
who, having a vowedly fallen from the King's Side, and listed under
Lesley,
was left at home with his Regiment to attend the Motions of the Garrison of
Berwick.
For that purpose, he kept his Quarters at
Dunglass,
where standing at Noon-day in the Court-yard with about sixty Gentlemen, the Castle having a Magazine of Powder, which suddenly taking Fire, was blown up, and in a Moment buried him and all his Company, so that they were never more seen. This Tragical Event being reported at Court, the Royalists were not so moderate in their Consures as the King himself, who only said, that he had been very ungrateful to him, yet he was sorry he had not Time to repent.
Under these discouraging Circumstances the Earl of
Strafford
met the
English
Army at
Durham,
where he highly blamed the Lord
Conway
for the late
Dishonour.
After that, he found it necessary to retire to the skirts of
Yorkshire,
leaving all
Northumberland,
and the Bishoprick of
Durham,
to the Pleasure of the Conquerors, who besides Provisions of Coals and Forage, sessed these Parts at a Contribution of 850
l. per
Day, that is,
300 l.
to be paid out of
Northumberland, 350 l.
out of the
Bishoprick,
and
200 l.
out of the Town of
Newcastle. Echard
's Hist,
Lib. 1. Cap, 3.
The Agreement between the
Scots
and
Newcastle,
relating to the Payment of the
200 l. per
Day, is as follows, taken from the Original.
AT
Newcastle
the Twenty-Third Day of
September,
the Year of God One Thousand Six Hundredth and Forty Years. It is appointed and agreit, betwixt them of the Committe of Estates of the Kingdome of
Scotland
under subscribed on the one Part, and the Mayor and Aldermen of the said Town of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
under subscribed, for themselves and in the Name of the remeinant Burgesses, and other Inhabitants of the said Town, on the other Part, in manner following (that is to say) the said Mayor and Aldermen, at the Request of the said Committe, and for eschewing further Inconveniencies, have condescendedit to lend the Somes of Money following in manner;
viz.
the Some of Two Hundred Pounde Sterlinge dayly, begining the first Day's Payment thereof at the Fourteenth Day of
September
Instant, and swaforth dayly hereafter duringe the Abode of the
Scottish
Army at
Newcastle;
and because here is already nine Days spent, they oblidge them to pay the whole ten Days, upon the Twenty-third and Twenty-fifth Days of
September
Instant, and swaforth daylye, at least weekley thereafter, beginninge for the Week following on
Tuesday
the Twenty-ninth of this Instant, and swaforth weeley thereafter, with special Condition, that after the said first Some for the said first Ten Days is paid, that what Necessaries for the Entertainment of the Army of any Kind of Victual or other Provision, is or shall be received by the
General Commissioner,
the same shall be allowit in Payment either in Whole or in Part of the said Some dayly to be lent, as said is for the quhilks Causes, These of the said Committe under subscribed, bynds and oblidges them for themselves, and in the Name of the Estates of the said Kingdome of
Scotland,
to refound and pay the said Somes, at least so much thereof as shall be received by the
General Commissioner,
either in Money, Victual, or other Provision, at the Prices condescendit upon to the said Mayor, Aldermen, and their Successors, betwixt the Daite thereof and the last Day of
November,
in this Instant Year of God One Thousand Six Hundrith and Forty Years, together with the Some of Ten Pounds Money for ille Hundred Poundes, together also with the ordinary Interest thereof, swalong as the same shall remaine unpaid, after the last Day of
November
next. And further, the said Committe, for themselves, and in the Name of the General and Others of the
Scottish
Army, does hereby oblidge them, that neither the said Mayor, Aldermen, nor any of the said Burgesses, or other the Inhabitants foresaid, shall be troubled in their Persons, Trades, Houses, Lands, or Possessions, but shall have a full and ample Safeguard for any Harm can come to them, or any of them.
Providing every one of them pay their several Proportions according as it shall be set down amongst themselves. With Declaration always, that none of those who have carryed Arms and appeared against the
sottish
Army, shall have any Benefit of this Agreement. And in Case any of the said Bursses, or others the Inhabitants, shall be refractory, and refuse to lend their Proportions, the Under-subscribed shall be free of so much of the foresaid Some
as comes to their Part, the said Mayor and Aldermen giving up a List of their Names and Somes, and make it good that they are responsable Persons, and has Goods or Land within the said Town able to pay their Proportion.
After this Agreement was signed, they seated themselves in the Town. Where (as the Authority mentioned says) they were indulged with good Provisions, and better Entertainment than they enjoyed in their own Country, which cost the Town a vast Sum of Money, for they continued too long a Time before the People were rightly safed of them. Besides the
850 l.
a Day, they seized the Rents of the Bishop, Dean, and Chapter, and Papists, as Enemies to their Designs; and
Lesley
suffered his Soldiers to rifle and break open Shops and Houses, and likewise seized on four great
English
Ships laden with Corn as lawful Prize.
Echard.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1641.
The same.
Francis Anderson.
May 21.
There was a Message sent to the Lord; touching the disbanding the two Armies, if not totally, yet Part and Part at a Time: Upon which Master Treasurer made a Report that there as an Arrear to the
Scots
of
120000 l.
besides the
300000 l.
In the Afternoon the Commons voted it, and it was confirm'd by the Lords, that both Armies should be satisfied and disbanded by the second of the next Month.
June 19.
There was a great Debate about the Payment of the
300000 l.
allowed the
Scots;
at length it was concluded, that they should have
100000 l.
of it paid at
Michaelmas
come Twelve-months, and the other
200000 l.
at
Midsummer
Two-years after.
June 22.
It was voted, that eight of the Lords, and six of the Commons, should be appointed as Commissioners to pay the
Scots
the Money of Assistance allowed them.
July 7.
At a Conference betwixt both Houses, there was a Debate about disbanding the Armies; and it was concluded on, that there should be
50000 l.
presently sent down for the disbanding the
English
Army, and the
Scots
to have
60000 l.
to disband theirs, to be paid by the Earl of
Warwick.
August 6-
At a Conference, the Lord
Lowdon
made a Report from the rest of the Lords in
Scotland,
that they had accepted the Articles of Pacification with much Thankfulness, and had agreed for the speedy disbanding of their Army, and given Publick Faith upon it.
August 24.
There came Letters this Day of the
Scots
marching away, and that his Majesty had prevailed with the Parliament of
Scotland,
that their Ordnance and Ammunition should be left at
Newcastle
to be conveyed to
London.
1642.
Sir
John Marley,
Kt.
Henry Maddison.
In this Year just before the breaking out of the Civil Wars, King
Charles I.
ordered the Earl of
Newcastle [William Cavendish]
to securce the Town of
Newcastle;
which was done, tho' with much Difficulty; and then he caused
Tinmouth
Castle to be seized also.
Rapin.
In this Year also
Leonard Carr,
Esq
an Alderman of this Place, had the following Articles exhibited against him by the Common-Wealth, to each of which my Authority has made a marginal Remark; which take as follows.
I.
He the said
Leonard Carr
joined with Sir
John Marley
and others
This first Article is really true, that he and about thirty more raised
300 l.
amongst them; but they could not get one Man to prove it.
in
Newcastle,
in lending Money to the late King
Charles,
after he had left and deserted the Parliament in the Year 1642.
II.
The said Mr.
Carr
joined with Sir
John
Marley and other Aldermen,
The Truth of his Article may appear under his Hand in the Common-Council Chamber.
in disposing of 706
l.
out of the Town's Treasury, which was lent and sent to the King accordingly, at his first raising War against the Parliament.
III.
He the said Mr.
Carr
did join with Sir
John Marley
in laying an Imposition of Three-pence upon every Ch
ldron of Goals,
This Article also may be proved his Hand in the Towns's Books at this Day.
for maintaining of the Garrison of
Newcastle,
and for satisfying of the Sums of Money taken up by Sir
John Marley
and others, for the Maintenance of the War against the Parliament.
IV.
The said Mr.
Carr
being Governor of the Merchants Company,
This may be proved under his Hand in the Merchants Company's Books.
The severall Subscriptions were shown to the Committee appointed by the Council.
acquainted them with the King's great Want of Money, and pressed them to a Contribution, and thereupon a considerable Sum of Money was raised and sent away to his Majesty.
V.
He the said Mr.
Carr
was appointed by Sir
John Marley
and others,
This is known to all the Town and Country
as chief Surveyor for the building of a Fort in
Newcastle,
against the Parliament's Forces; which he performed so well, that for his Merit they call'd it by his Name,
CARR's BATTERY.
VI.
He the said Mr.
Carr
did,
This is certainly true, and I can give Oath of it, the Writing being his own Hand.
by a Writing under his own Hand (which was found at the Storming of
Newcastle
among the Governor's Papers) subscribe the Earl of
Essex
and the Parliament of
England
Traytors, for taking up Arms against the King.
VII.
He the said Mr.
Carr,
upon the Parliament's Forces approaching
Newcastle,
This will be proved upon Oath by the Persons who owed the Houses, Informations being given in already
caused to be pulled down some Houses in a Place called
Sandgate,
to the utter undoing of the poor Inhabitants.
VIII.
The said Mr.
Carr
did join with Sir
John Marley
and others,
This Mr.
Carr
confess'd before Major-General
Hammond,
and I saw his Hand to a peremptory Letter
in writing a Letter to General
Lesley,
and the
English
Commissioners, positively refusing to deliver up the Town when they, in the Parliament's Name, and for their Use, made Demand thereof in Writing.
IX.
And further,
The Answer he gave himself before his Highness's Council to these Articles, I have seen Courage failed him in the day of Battle; he was like Man sinking, who will catch at the smallest sinking, Reed to save his life. However, set aside a Frailty too common still be looked upon as a Lover of his King and Country.
he the said Mr.
Carr,
was summoned before the Committee for Sequestration for his Delinquency, where he was upon his Examination of the Articles against him, declared a Delinquent, and since that Time before the Committee confessed himself a Delinquent, and craved the honourable Respects to him.
This Year, in
July,
the Lord
Grey
of
Wark,
and others, were sent by the Parliament to invite the
Scots
once more to invade
England,
who the following Month sent the Solemn League and Covenant to them, which was readily read in Parliament, and taken by the House of Commons
Sept. 23.
in St.
Margaret
's, and
Oct. 15.
by the Lords in
Westminster-Abbey.
A sit Prelude to their sanctify'd Reformation, and a proper Imitation of that at
Munster!
1643.
The same.
Cuthbert Carr.
1644.
The same
Henry Warmouth
James Cole.
Robert Ellison
On the 15th of
January,
this year, in a dismal snowy Season, the
Scots,
contrary to all Faith and Loyalty, passed the River
Tweed
at
Berwick,
accompany'd by a select Committee of their own, and there met another from
England,
who were to conduct and supply them in the most loving Manner: Upon their Conjunction, was framed the General Committee of both Kingdoms, and in Effect became a united Camp-Parliament. Before the Advance of the Army by a Trumpeter, they sent a Letter to Sir
Thomas Glenham,
and the rest of the Commanders and Gentlemen of
Northumberland,
at
Alnwick;
in which they insisted upon the Solemn League and Covenant, and declared their well-weighed Resolutions, to prevent that imminent Danger, not only of Corruption, but of Ruin, which they saw evidently intended to the true Protestant Religion, by the Popish and Prelatical Faction; and to rescue his Majesty's Person and Honour from the Counsels of those, whose Ends are little better than Popery and Tyranny. Therefore, they expected the Concurrence of them, and all others; and if they met with any Opposition, the Law of Nature, and their own Reason, would tell them what they are to expect. With this Letter they sent also a Copy of the
Scotch
Declaration, to give it the greater Force and Authority among the Vulgar.
The brave Sir
Thomas Glenham,
after a serious Consultation with the Officers and Gentry, how most to incommode the Enemy's March, returned a sharp Answer; in which he and the rest declare. That, without the Sight of that Letter, they could not have believed that the
Scottish
Nation, or the present prevailing Party in that Nation, would have attempted an Invasion of
England,
so contrary to the Laws of God, of Nations, and of both Kingdoms, but especially to the late Act of Pacification; so opposite to their Allegiance and Gratitude to his Majesty, to that neighbourly Love they pretend, to that discreet Care they should have of their own Safety. They declare, that no Order of Committees whatsoever, of Men, or Angels, could give Power to make War against their natural Sovereign, upon the empty Pretence of nameless evil Counsellors; and for the
English
Agents, they could not believe them any Commissioners lawfully authorized by the Two Houses of Parliament, or yet by the House of Commons, whence so many Members were expell'd by partial Voting, so many banished by seditious Tumults, so many voluntarily absent out of Conscience; where Desperation, Want of Opportunity to depart, or Fear of certain Plunder, were the chief Bonds which held the little Remnant together from Dissipation , where the venerable Name of
Parliament
was made a State to countenance the pernicious Counsels and Acts of a close Committee.
As to the
Scots,
they declare, that no Covenant whatsoever could justify such Proceedings, begun without any Necessity, or so much as Provocation. After answering their Pretensions, they desire them to consider, that there must be an Account given to God of all the Blood which should be shed in this Quarrel: And since their Insults were such, that a vanquished Nation could scarce endure, from their Conquerors, they could not think they were grown so same, as to desert ther Religion, Laws, Liberties, and Estates, upon Command of Foreigners; and to suffer themselves to be made Beggars, and Slaves, without Opposition.
These Paper-Skirmishes had no other Effect, than to gain some little Time for Sir
Thomas Glenham
to draw his Forces and Artillery to
Newcastle,
for
Alnwick
was not tenable; besides, he found several of the Gentlemen of
Northumberland,
especially such as were allied to the Lord
Grey
of
Wark,
either for fear of the
Scotch,
or Affection to their Cause, were very backward in opposing the Enemy. The
Scotch
marched after him by slow and difficult Marches, by Reason of the Snow and Floods, and on the 3d of
February
summoned the Town of
Newcastle,
but finding they were not able to take the Place, after three Weeks Stay, and some Skirmishes, they passed the River
Tyne
on the 28th of
February,
and on the 4th of
March
entred
Sunderland.
The Marquis of
Newcastle,
General for the King in these
Northern
Parts, having reinforced his Army to about
14,000
Horse and Foot, attended so near the
Scotch
Army, and so intercepted their Supplies, that sometimes they had neither Meat nor Drink, and were never possessed of above twenty-four Hours Provision; but they coloured over their necessity by keeping a solemn Fast; and pressing on towards
Durham
for better Quarters, to stop their advancing, on the Twenty-third of
March
the Marquis drew up his Army at
Hilton,
on the
North
of the River
Were;
the
Scots
were drawn up on
Whitburn Lizard,
a Hill
East
from them, adjoining to the Sea: So the Armies faced each other, and skirmished in Parties; the Field-Word given by the Marquis being prophetically enough,
Now or Never;
and by the
Scots,
in their assuming Way,
The Lord of Hosts is with us.
The Marquis not being able to force the
Scots
to a Battle, retreated towards his Quarters at
Durham,
and the
Scots
followed slowly, but could make no considerable Advance, till the Lord
Fairfax,
and the rest of the Parliament Forces, by a new Diversion, gave them Opportunity to descend into
Yorkshire. Echard.
In the same Year, after the City of
York
had surrender'd to the Parliament, the three Armies thought sit to separate; the
Scottish
Army was order'd to march
Northwards,
and joining with the Earl of
Calander,
who had enter'd
England
with
10,000 Scots,
laid Siege to
Newcastle
on the 13th of
August;
the Siege lasted above two Months, and proved one of the most resolute in the Kingdom; all Sorts of Policy of Peace and War; by Treaty, by Mines, by Assaults, having been used to little Effect, the Inhabitants resolving (if possible) never to fall into the Hands of the
Scots.
But on
Saturday
the 19th of
October
the whole
Scotch
Army furiously set upon the Town, and having made three Breaches, after a tedious and bloody Storm, they at last master'd it. Sir
John Marley,
Sir
Nicholas Cole,
and Sir
George Barker,
got into the Castle, where being forced by Necessity, they came to a Capitulation, and surrender'd on the 27th of the same Month. The Town being taken by Assault, was sufficiently plunder'd; but the Surrendry proved of great Importance to the City of
London,
where the poorer Sort of People, for the two last Years, were almost starved for want of Fewel, Coals having been risen to the Price of
4 l.
a Chaldron; a Price never known before that Time.
Echard.
In this Year the round Tower under the
Moot-Hall,
towards the
Sand-Hill,
called the
Half-Moon,
which was the old Castle of
Monkchester,
was by Sir
John Marley
made use of to secure the River and Key-side against the
Scots,
and the other Castle he put into good Repair, which was very ruinous: On the former he laid great Guns, for the Use above-mentioned; and on the latter he laid great Ordnance, to beat off those Guns which the
Scots
had laid upon the Banks of
Gateshead
against the Town. And this he managed bravely for a long time; for the
Scots
began the siege about
July,
and it was the 19th of
October
before they could take it; which they did by Storm, upon the Day after St.
Luke
's Day; and it was
by the
White Fryer Tower
and
Sandgate,
where the Colliers of
Elswick
and
Benwell
were employed under one
John Osbourn
(a false rebellious
Scot
) to undermine the Walls; which they did, and blew them up, and so got and plunder'd the Town. And no marvel, for they were accounted
30,000
Men, and the Townsmen were but, in all,
1500
Men, wearied with continual Watch and Duty, tho' Men of great Courage, and sought it gallantly to the last; for the
Newgate
Ward, which was under Capt.
Cuthbert Carr,
was taken by the Enemy, who entered at the asoresaid Places, and encompassed them before and behind; and
Pilgrim-street
Gate was maintained by Capt.
George Errington,
Lieutenant
William Robson,
and Ensign
Thomas Swan,
who sought and killed very many, they themselves not having one hurt, until they were encompassed by the Enemy before and behind: And even then they would not parley with the
Scots
who fought against them without, but did capitulate with Lieutenant-Colonel
Sinclair,
who loved and honoured them, and kept his Agreement so well with them, that not one of them was robbed of his Cloaths or Money, nor were any of his Men suffered to give any evil Word; and it was the great Blessing of God, that, in all that Time, there was not one Man slain, nor hurt, altho' that Company consisted of Ninescore Men, all TradesMen, and there were divers Sallies made out at that Gate; for it was the longest of all the Gates of the Town, it being barrocaded and shut up. And after they had surrender'd, and the Enemy was called over at that Breach, they durst not approach, but shot at their Friends that called them, and would not believe that the Town was taken. MS.
Milbank.
It is not improper to place here the Lord
Hume
's Relation of the Conclusion of this Siege, in his Letter to the Lord Chancellor of
Scotland,
with the rest of the Commissioners at
London.
Right Honourable,
I Should have gone into
Newcastle
on
Thursday,
but was put off till
Friday
by these obstinate Miscreants, especially the Mayor of that Town. Sir
David Hume, John Rutherford,
and I my self, went in on
Friday
at Nine in the Morning; we had Commission from General
Lesley
and Committees, if we found real Dealings, to yield to honourable Conditions.
The Mayor, Sir
Nicholas Cole,
and Sir
George Baker,
were treating with us; they gave us big Words; do what we could, they would not so much as come to speak of Conditions of rendring up the Town; and after three or four Hours Debate, all that we could draw from them, was, that they would think upon our Propositions, and return them within three or four Days; and that, when all Conditions were agreed upon, they would give Hostages to surrender in case Relief came not in twenty Days; nor would they so much as write to the General their own Propositions. So that, after our Return, we sent to the Town these Conditions, forthwith to be accepted.
That all Officers should have Liberty to stay, or to march out in all Honour, with Arms, Bagg and Baggage. to any Garrison, with a Convoy, within sixty Miles; and all others not Soldiers, shall have the like Liberty: The Town to enjoy all their former Liberties and Charter, with all manner of Protection to the Inhabitants from Plunder: Freedom as any Town subject to the Parliament: No free Billeting imposed: None to enter the Town, but only a competent Garrison signed by the General, with this Caveat, that they should send out Hostages by Eight of the Clock the next Morning, for Surrender of the Town before
Monday
the
21
of
October.
Instead of which, they sent out to us a bitter Invective Letter, tho' they knew all our Batteries and Mines were ready; yet they boldly drew from us these Enforcements: Therefore, this Morning the
Scots
make three Breaches, and to spring four Mines, and so to fall on: The Breaches were made reasonable low before Three a Clock Afternoon: All Mines played well, and yet the Town stood out obstinate: My Lord Chancellour's Regiment and
Backelough
's enter'd a Breach at
Closegate:
The General of the Artillery his Regiment and that other of
Edinburgh
's enter'd at Nine under the
White Tower:
Col.
Stuart
's and
Gask
's Regiments enter'd at a Mine, but with hot Dispute, at
Westgate;
this was our Quarter: Lieutenant-General
Bally
had another Quarter at
Newgate,
with five Regiments, his own,
Waughton
's,
Cowper
's,
Dunferling
's, and
Dudhop
's, who enter'd by a Breach, many of our Officers kill'd, Major
Robert Hepburn
much lamented.
Castles, Kelhead, Wedderburn, Marshall,
and the Master of
Yesters,
they had the third Quarter.
Sinclaire, Alton, Niddery,
the Master of
Cranston,
and the Lord
Niddery,
had the fourth Quarter, who enter'd at two Mines. They within made their utmost Opposition, with great Execution on us, but we forced them; and the Mayor, with others, Gentlemen of Quality, got to the Castle. More you shall have within a Day or two.
October
19, 1644.
Your Lordship's Humble Servant,
A. HUME.
And presently upon this Letter, Thanksgiving was made at
London,
with hearty Thanks to God for his great Mercy in giving up the Town of
New-Castle
in
England
to our Brethren of
Scotland;
and the 27th
October
the Castle likewise surrendered, with three hundred Persons; the Lords
Crawford, Rea,
and
Maxwell,
were sent to
Edinburgh
to be executed; and the Town being taken by a great Slaughter, was plundered to the full; and the
Scots
excused themselves, that therein the Parliament of
England
would be the better pleased. Thus was the Town taken from the King after an obstinate and gallant Defence, and well may assume the Motto Bestowed upon it,
FORTITER DEFENDENDO TRIUMPHANS.
Newcastle,
the 17th of
Nov. 1644.
The
COMMITTEE
'S
DECLARATION.
THE Committees of both Kingdoms, after many Meetings and serious Debates amongst themselves, and the hearing of sundry Persons well experienced in the Collieries and Coal-Works about the Town of
Newcastle,
and having taken into their serious Consideration sundry Propositions for the Good of those Works, and the driving on of that Trade for the Benefit of the Parliament, and the Pay of the Army, have at length concluded and agreed amongst themselves, that some of the most notorious Delinquents and Malignants, late Coal-Owners in the Town of
Newcastle,
should be wholly excluded from intermeddling with any Shares or Parts of Collieries, or Interest in any Coals whatsomever, that formerly they have laid Claim unto, and that the rest of the said Delinquents deserve not to have any Benefit of the said Coals or Collieries: But in regard the Delinquents and Malignants belonging to those Collieries were very many in Number, they did not conceive it for the Service of the Parliament, or the Army, to put them all out at once, and so to hazard the retarding of the present setting on of the Works, and ruining of the same, in regard they were furnished with Materials and Utensils, and had Things ready at hand, and did best know where to find Workmen, which Strangers would have had Difficulty to find, and could not possibly on the sudden sufficiently provide themselves to set on the Works; and having made Trial to lett some Delinquents Collieries, and, for this Purpose, having treated with some well-affected Persons what Profit might be raised, and how they might be lett for the most Benefit to the Parliament, were constrain'd for the present rather to make Use of those Delinquents in working their own Collieries as Tenants and Servants to the Parliament, than to engage our Friends upon Incertainties, and hazard their Loss, as our own Hindrance in setting forward the Works, for the Use and Benefit of the Parliament. Wherefore the Committees of both Kingdoms, seeing the Necessity of dispatching away the Ships that every Day call upon us for their Lading, and lie at Charges in Expectation of getting Coals for their Money, have thought fit to make the following Declaration to all, but such as are expected as before-mentioned, and whose Names are hereafter written.
1st.
That for the present Time there be allowed, on the behalf of the rest of the late Coal-Owners,
10 s.
Sterling upon every Chaldron of Ship-Coals, for desraying the Charges in the Works under-ground, Carriage thereof to the Staiths, and from thence in Keels to the Ships, paying the Town-Dues, as was formerly paid
(viz.) 3 d.
for the Town, and
3 d.
for the Garrison
per
Chalder, and the usual and accustomed Rents for the Pits; and as a competent Consideration for the Support of the said late Owners themselves, and this Allowance is made, as well for the Coals at the Staiths and Pits ready wrought, as those to be wrought, the said Owners, Collieries and Workmen, being always obliged to set on Foot with all Diligence, and maintain their Coal-Works, make ready their Keels, and all other Necessaries sit for the same; and the Coal-Workers who are to receive the Benefit of Payment, as abovesaid, for their Work out of the Coals already above ground, are obliged to continue in working the said Coals at the ordinary Rate and Conditions, as was formerly accustomed, And whatsoover more Price the said Chalders of Coals (being sold to Merchants or Masters of ships) shall yield above the said
10 s. per
Chalder, together with what Custom and impost is or shall be put upon the same; and the old Custom of
1 s.
upon the Chalder formerly paid by the Owners to his Majesty, to be employed for the Pay and Maintenance of the Army, upon Account, to the Parliament of
England,
or their Committes.
2dly.
That the Coals already wrought above-ground, either at Pits or Staiths, Belonging to Friends, have like Allowance of
10 s.
upon the Chalder, they paying the said Town's Duties
(viz.) 3 d.
to the Town, and
3 d.
to the Garrison
per
Chalder. And the Surplus of the Price which they shall yield (
eing sold to Merchants or Ship Masters) to be employed for the said public: Use by Way of Loan; and that they have the publick Faith for the same. The Owners, Taxmen and Workers, being always tied, to put on Foot and maintain the said Works, remitting to the Determination of the Parliament what other Conditions they will be pleased to grant them for the Coals henceforth to be wrought.
3dly.
It is thought fit that the Price of Coals be
15 s. per
Chalder, with the Assess of
4 s.
upon the Chalder, and the ancient
12 d,
to the King, is
20 s.
for every Chalder to Merchant or Skipper, for all Coals vended in this Port of
Newcastle;
and for those exported, to pay the same Rate, and such further Custom as is ordained by the Book of Custom-Rates.
4thly.
That Certification be made to the several Owners, of which we doubt not our Friends will take special Notice, and instantly apply themselves to set on their Works, that if presently they use not all possible Diligence in getting on Foot their several Coal-Works, and in maintaining thereof, in that Case to be declared uncapable of any future Benefit, which they might expect out of their said Collieries, and that other Persons shall be employed forworking the same, for the publick Use and Benefit of the Parliament and Army.
The Parties Names excepted out of this Declaration and Agreement, as before-mentioned.
Sir
JOHN MARLEY,
Knight.
Sir
THOMAS RIDDELL,
Knight.
Sir
THOMAS LIDDELL,
Knight.
Sir
ALEXANDER DAVISON,
Knight.
Sir
JOHN MINNS,
Knight.
Sir
FRANCIS ANDERSON,
Knight.
WILLIAM ROWE,
Secr. Commissioners.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1645.
John Blackston.
Christopher Nicholson.
1646.
Henry Dawson.
Henry Rawling.
In this year, when King
Charles I.
by his ill Success, was reduced to the lowest Ebb, he, upon some Assurances of Protection from the
Scots,
then besieging
Newark,
repaired to their Army, and immediately gave Orders to the Lord
Bellasis
to surrender
Newark,
which might have held out several Months longer; which done, the
Scots
Army, before they could have received any Orders from the Parliament, with uncommon Expedition, marched with him to
Newcastle,
where they arrived May the
13th.
About the Middle of
July
the Parliament sent their Commissioners, the Earls of
Pembroke
and
Suffolk,
of the Peers, and Sir
Walter Earl,
Sir
John Hippisley, Robert Goodwin,
and
Luke Robinson,
Esqrs. for the Commons, with
10
Propositions for his Majesty to assent to, [
See
Rushworth.] Demands of such a horrid and destructive Nature, as would, if granted, have render'd the King and his Memory inglorious and despicable both at home and abroad. The King perceiving all Things tending to his Ruin, he seemed to hearken most to his old false Friend
William Murray
of the Bed-Chamber, who privately proposed an Escape, and offered to make his Way, and to have a ship in Readiness to transport his Majesty beyond Sea. The Project appeared plausible, and the King had disguised himself for it, but was discovered in the Attempt. Whether he was faithful to his Majesty in this Point, is uncertain, since Sir
Robert Murray
was concerned in it; but Bishop
Guthry
says it was divulged before the set Time, so that there was no Discourse throughout the Army but of
Murray
's Plot to carry away the King. Thereupon a Guard of Soldiers was immediately planted at his Chamber, Door, both within and without; by which his Majesty was not only deprived of Liberty, but also of Quiet and Retirement; and having an Antipathy against Tobacco, was much disturbed by their bold and continual smoaking in his Presence: A military Presage of the same heathenish Barbarity at going to the Block before
Whitehall.
Upon his Majesty's Entry into
Newcastle,
he was caressed with Bonfires and Ringing of Bells, Drums and Trumpets, and Peals of Ordnance; but guarded by
300
of the
Scottish
Horse, these near him bare-headed. He lodged at General
Levin
's Quarters, who proclaims that Papists or Delinquents should not come near his Person.
And that altho' his Majesty was present, yet all Men whatsoever should yield Obedience to the Ordinance of Parliament.
The
Scotch
Army are now, they imagine, Masters of all, by their Power of the King's Person, and levy intolerable Taxes and Assessments upon all
Northern
Counties, which very coursely resent them, and complain to the Parliament at
Westminsters,
not without some Rising of the People standing upon their Guard: And all the
Scotch
Hors formerly sent into
Scotland
are return'd into
Yorkshire;
which makes the House of Common debate and vote, That this Kingdom had no further Need of the Army of our Brethren the
Scots
in this Kingdom, and that the Sum of
100,000 l.
should be advanced and paid to that Army as followeth,
viz, 50,000 l.
thereof after their surrendring of
Newcastle, Carlisle,
and other
English
Garrisons possessed by them in
England,
and the other
50,000 l.
after they are advanced into
Scotland,
and Order shall be taken for Payment of their Arrears.
And forthwith Mr.
Alexander Henderson,
the
Scots
Apostolick: Minister, and one of their Commissioners, was sent from
Westminster
to
Newcastle
to dispute with the King, and to convince him to the Covenant; where, after several Discourse and Meetings, the King is pleased to descend so low as to argue Reasons by Writings, which continued several Encounters by Papers till the 16th of
July,
concerning Church-Matters, by Auth
rity of the Fathers, and Practice of the Church, which
Henderson
would avoid, by Texts of
Scripture,
and from thence, his own Opinion should guide him beyond all universal Consent or Practice of the Primitive Church which were erroneous, which was not contradicted by orthodox learned Men in the Times of the first Practice, as is easily percieved: That these Desections were, some of them justly called Rebellions, which
Henderson
mentions. And lastly, that alleit he never esteem'd any Authority equal to the Scripture, yet he thanks the numerous Consent of the Fathers, and the universal Practice of the Primitive Church, to be the best and Authentical Interpreters of God's Word, and consequently the purest Judges between him and
Henderson,
until better may be sound; as for Example, he says,
I think Mr.
Henderson
the best Preacher in
Newcastle,
yet I believe you may err, and possibly a better Preacher may come; but till then I must retain my Opinion.
C.R.
These Disputes are in Print, which shews his Majesty's Temper and Knowledge, to treat so long with a peevish Presbyter.
Only the King was rid of one troublesome Guest Mr.
Henderson;
who had been disputed into so much Reason and Understanding, that being convinced by the King, he fell into some Distemper at
Newcastle,
and therefore was sent home to
Scotland,
where he died perfectly reconciled to the King's Affairs, and an Apostate from the
Scots
Army and their Proceedings.
Sanderson's
Hist. of K.
Charles I. p. 904, 905, 921.
The King gives Earnest of his sincere Intentions of holding a personal Treaty with the Parliament of
London,
by sending the following Warrant.
Having designed to comply with the Designs of our Parliament, in every thing that may be for the Good of our Subjects, and leave no Means unattempted for removing of Differences between us; therefore we have thought the more to evidence the Reality of our Intention of settling a happy Peace, to require you, upon Honourable Conditions, to quit the Towns, Castles, and Forts intrusted to you by us, and to disband all the Forces under your several Commands. Given at
Newcastle
the 10th of
June,
1646.
To our Trusty and Well-beloved Sir
Thomas Glenham,
Sir
Thomas Tisby,
Colonel
Washington,
Colonel
Blague,
Governors of our Cities and Towns of
Oxford, Worcester, Litchfield,
and
Wallingford;
and to all other Commanders of any other Towns, Castles, or Forts within the Kingdom of
England,
or Dominion of
Wales.
The
Scots
now in some Jealousy how mightily the King complies with his Parliament, and that they should not be able, perhaps, to effect their Designs by Force, endeavour it by Fraud and Cunning, by insinuating to the Parliament, that their Conscience bears them Witness, of their constant Endeavours to preserve the Union of both Kingdoms; yet never more than since the King's coming to their Army, by effecting such Messages from his Majesty as might be a sure Ground of Peace to his People, and Happiness to himself. And although we have not as yet prevailed over his Principles, deeply rooted in him, as to obtain the utmost of our Desires, which we hope in a short Time to effect; and we hope that accordingly the Parliament will be pleased to send their Propositions of Peace to him, upon whose Answer we shall clearly know how to proceed in the intendedPacification, and to satisfy the Parliament in disbanding our Armies, delivering up the Garrisons Possessed by us, and retiring home for the Good of both Kingdoms.
This was dated at
Newcastle
the 10th of
June 1646,
and signed by General
Levens
and all the
Scotch
Commissioners, and directed to the Parliament.
After many Alterations and Disputes between the
Scots
and the Parliament relating to the King, it was at last agreed to deliver him up, upon their being paid
400,000 l.
for their Arrears. Whereupon the two Houses at
Westminster
sent, of the Lord
the Earl
of
Pombroke
and
Donbigh,
and Lord
Montague;
of the Commons, Sir
John Holland,
Sir
Walter Earl,
Sir
James Harrington,
Sir
John Cook,
Sir.
John Crew,
and Major-General
Brown;
together with some private Gentlemen, and two of their Chaplains, Mr.
Marshall
and Mr.
Caryl,
to receive the King. These arrived at
Newcastle
the
23d
of
January,
and on
Saturday, January
the 30th (a Day of the King's Imprisonment, and Martyrdom two Years after) they set out from
Newcastle,
with the King, for
Holmby
House in
Northamptonshire,
where he arrived
February
the 16th. The same Day that the King left
Newcastle,
the
Scots
also departed from it, and marched into their own Country, passing over the
Tweed
on the 11th of
February,
after they had continued a little above three Years in the Kingdom of
England. Echard.
A little after the King's coming to
Newcastle,
a
Scotch
Minister preached boldly before him; and when his Sermon was done, called for the 52d Psalm, which begins,
Why dost thou, Tyrant, boast thy self,
Thy wicked Works to praise?
Whereupon his Majesty stood up and called for the 56th Psalm, which begins,
Have Mercy, Lord, on me, I pray,
For Men would me devour.
The People wa
ed the Minisiter's Psalm, and sung that which the King called for.
Whitlock's
's Memoirs,
p. 234.
Feb. 1.
the
Scotch
Army marched towards
Scotland,
well satisfied with the Produce of their long Stay in
England,
and not displeased with the Money paid by the Parliament for delivering the King's Person to the Commissioners of Parliament.
1647.
Thomas Ledger.
Robert Young.
Dec. 5.
the King's Concession voted satisfactory; whereupon the next Day many Members are imprisoned or secluded by the Army.
To the
HIGH COURT
of
PARLIAMENT.
The Humble PETITION of the Mayor, Aldermen, Common-Council, and the Rest of the Well-affected of the Town of
Newcastle,
Humbly sheweth,
THAT we cannot but deeply resent what hath been presented to you by the Well-affected in the
Southern
Parts, as concerning the present Treaty, that if, after all the Experience of the Mischiefs which have happen'd unto us from former Treaties, of all God's wonderfully owning of you both formerly and of late, in Midst of so many Oppositions from all Hands, and of all his gracious Appearings, the K. his Party you go on to treat, before full and exemplary Justice be done upon the great Incendiaries of the Kingdom, the Fomentors of, and Actors in the first and second War, and the late bringing in of the
Scots,
We can expect nothing as the Issue thereof but the sudden Desolution of Parliament and Army, Desolation of all the Well-affected, the involving the Nation in more Blood, Misery, and Slavery then ever.
May it therfore please you, in this Conjuncture of Time, to hearken to your Petitioners, who have constantly adhered to you; and before you conclude this Treaty, to extend Importance and speedy Justice upon the greatest Offenders, wherein you cannot want the greatest Assistance from God and from Man to strengthen you in your Indeavours to settle this Kingdom in Peace and Right.
Thomas Ledger,
Mayor.
Thomas Bonner.
John Richardson.
William Dawson.
Michael Bonner.
Richard Baker.
James Jackson.
Richard Ward.
Robert Carr.
Robert Plimpton.
John Mowe.
Rob. Young,
Alderman.
George Fenwicke.
George Dawson.
George Blakiston.
William Bonner.
Peter Bureill.
John Lodge.
George Beadnall.
T. Erington,
Post-Mastr .
Phineas Allan
sen.
Robert Dalton.
Robert Ogle.
Wiliam Thompson.
James Turner.
Henry Rawling.
Samuel Rawling.
Richard Readhead.
Thomas Smith.
John Pigg.
Cuthbert Nicholson.
Cuthbert Wilson.
Thomas Betson.
Thomas Traemble.
Thomas Foster.
Edward Reed,
Brewer.
Timothy Bonner.
Francis Hall.
Thomas Young.
Thomas
.
George Carr.
Peter Taylor.
John Watson.
Edward Kirton.
George Usher.
Henry Bell.
John Spurr.
Thomas Mallard.
John Hall
jun.
Henry Hawksworth.
Phineas Allan
jun.
Anthony Robinson.
Robert Blaigden.
Thomas Wilson.
Robert Carr.
Henry Bowet.
William Wilkinson.
William Armstrong.
Robert Sharp.
Henry Heighley.
.
Samuel Powell.
Henry Barker.
Richard March.
John Tailor.
Peter Story.
Edward Stockdale.
James Chantler:
Humphry Flint.
Francis Tarnis.
Richard Binfeild.
Richard Knowells.
John Readhead.
John Bird.
George Penckerton.
Thomas Tailor.
Christopher Greetham.
John Whitfield.
William Thompson.
John Hall
sen.
Ralph Dining.
George Ayre.
James Smith.
Christopher Ellison.
A Second
PETITION.
THE Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of this Town, did most freely and unanimously joyne in a Petition to the House of Commons, for speedy and impartial Justice upon the great Incendiaries betwixt these two Kingdoms, and the chief Promoters of this Election, who have already confess'd themselves guilty of all the Blood which hath been shed by this unnatural Warr, who have been twice conquered by Us, and this we ground upon our
Solemn League and Covenant,
to which we have always adhered, and by which all Delinquents ought to be brought to condign Punishment, without Exception; though our Treaties have, upon what Grounds wee know not, nor are not yet satisfyed, admitted of a Personal Treaty with the Cheife of Them, as if, after twice conquered, he or his Party was sensible thereof, and of whom, as wee yet hear of, any Conviction of Conscience or Judgment, but only for an Opportunity to cut the Throats of Us and all others, that have ingaged against them in this Nation; and being so unhappy that wee could not by any Means obtain their Judgment thereof, or Intentions thereupon, it hath added many sad Fears and Thoughts to our former Perplexities, and even astonshed Us to consider how our Bondage and Ruine is by this Treaty, since our Petition, so just, rational, and in Prosecution of our Covenant, and their own Proceedings, should appear unworthy of the least Respects or Consideration; and therefore. Wee must still endeavour to keep our first Integrity without Spott and Blemish, for if wee would never bow the Knee to
Baal
at the King's Command, wee will never do it at the Parliament's; and if they act against the Truth reposed in them by the People, the People are bound in Conscience and Duty to act against them,
Salus Populi
being
Suprema Lex.
The Lord direct Us for his Glory, and the Good of the poor Commons of
England,
who are like to be bought and sold, because they are ignorant of their own Freedom and Birth-right, which they are willing to sell for a Mease of Pottage, so they may injoy a slavish Peace, though it hath cost much precious Blood in the Time of their Prosecution of this unnatural War for the Preservation of them.
1648.
Thomas Bonner.
Ralph Jennison.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1649.
William Dawson.
Samuel Rawling.
The Statute Ao
35 Eliz.
against Sectaries repealed, whereby that Inundation of Heresies overspread the Nation at this Time, altho' the Causers of the Rebellion complained before heavily thereof in
Gangraena. Gromwell
made General, marched toward
Scotland.
Cromwell
with his Army arrived at
Berwick June
the 21st, and on
September
the 3d defeated the
Scots
Army at
Dunbar,
with the Lost of
3000
slain, and
9000
taken Prisoners: Of the last, he dismissed the wounded, weak, and such as were of no Value; the rest were driven like Turkeys, to
Newcastle,
whereof Sir
Arthur Haslerig
was Governor, where about
1600
of them were starved, having nothing to eat but green, Cabbage Leaves, and Oats in a small proportion: The stronger Persons that subsisted with this Diet were condemned to the Suga-Mills, and by the
English
Planters were transported to the
West-Indies. Echard.
1650.
George Dawson.
John Lodge.
At
Durham
Fair happened the following sad Accident: Capt.
Blet,
an Officer of the Garrison of
Newcastle,
going to buy some Sheep there, some Words passed between a Countryman of
60
Years of Age and him, whom the Captain struck with his Cane, and the Countryman having a Batt or Staff in his Hand, therewith gave him a Stroke on his Head, that he presently after died.
Perfect Diurnal, No 78. p 1083.
1651.
Thomas Bonner.
Peter Sanderson.
1652.
Henry Dawson.
George Dawson.
John Butler.
April
the 20th the Rump Parliament turned out by the Army, after sitting twelve Years, six Months, and seventeen Days, and
July
the 30th the little Convention began, which merited the Name of
Barbones Parliament,
which passed the Godly Act for marrying by Justices of the Place.
NEW CASTLE Address to CROMWELL.
For his
HIGHNESS
the
LORD PROTECTOR.
May it please Your
HIGHNESS,
MANY of the Precious Servants of God in these Nations, over which the Lord hath set your Highness, have gotten upon their Watch-Tower, to see if they can discover what has been eminent in the Design of the Lord in the
e
Days; for the All wise
od hath of late visibly been out of the common Road of Providence; his Paths hath been in Tempests and thick Darknesse, plucking up by the Roots the greatest of Men and the highest of Powers like Cedars in
Lebanon,
that he might make Way for the glorious bringing forth of Truth and Righteousness; and we question not but the Lord is fulfilling that great Prophecy,
Isaiah
lx. 17.
I will make thy Officers Peace, and thy Exacters Righteosness;
for when wee consider how the Lord hath eminently made your Highness instrumental for the breaking of the Iron Yoke from of the Neck of these three Nations, and likewise hath invested you with the supream Power of this Common-wealth, whereby you may be exceedingly instrumental to the Lord
Jesus,
in the advancing of his Kingdom in Righteousness and Peace: Wee having the Sence of these Things with W
ight upon our Spirits, have judged it our Duty to professe our great Resentment of this signal Mercy from the Hands of our God, and do solemnly bless the Lord for setting up your Highness over this great People, and shall indeavour, through the Strength of Christ, to live in all humble Obedience to your Highness, as becometh those who are under your Government and Protection.
Signed in the Name, and by Order of the Common-Councell of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne, WILLIAM JOHNSON,
Mayor.
Feb. 25. 1653.
1653.
William Johnson.
Robert Johnson.
1654.
The same.
John Rumney.
1655.
Robert Shaftoe.
Henry Thompson.
1656.
Henry Rawling.
George Blakiston.
Whitehall, April 27.
Alderman
Fowke,
and the two Sheriff's of
London,
represented to the Council, in the Name of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, that there are
300
Sail of Ships at
Newcastle
to take in Goals, but are hundred by some new Impositions by the Hoastmen there, so that the Price of Coals is raised, which unless some Care were taken, would be very prejudicial to the City of
London,
and especially to the Poor; and making it their humble Request that Course might be taken for a speedy dispatching of the Ships away with their Lading at the same Rates as they paid last Year, and some Time appointed to hear the Business touching those new Impositions, they thereupon withdrew.
The Council, out of their Respect and Care of the Publick Good, having had the Business of the Stop of the Trade of Coats before under Consideration, and a Report being brought in this Day concerning it by a Committe of the Connect, to whom the Matter had been reformed; it was thereupon order'd by his Highness the Lord Protector and the Council, that the said Corporation of Hoastmen be required and enjoined to permit the Ships which trade to
Newcastle
for Coals, to lade Coals for six Months now next ensuing, or until the Matter upon Complaint be heard and settled, at the like Rates, both for Coals and the Fare of Keels, as they did lade in
April 1655,
to the
the Commonwealth may be supplied.
And in order to the Determination of this Matter; the Parties concerned therein are to have as Hearing upon the 21st of
May
next, before a Committee of the Council.
And, in order to the further Encouragement and Preservation of the Coal-Trade, and the constant Supply of this great City, and the Parts adjacent, with Coals, which is so necessary a Commodity for all Sorts of People, the Council have been pleased to appoint a Convoy for the securing of Ships that go to and fro betwixt
London
and
Newcastle. Publick Intelligencer, No 29. p. 493.
1657.
George Dawson.
George Thursby.
This Year,
Aug. 29.
died at
Eltham,
Lieutenant Col.
John Lilburn,
and was two Days after brought to
London
and buried in the Quakers Yard. He was born at
Bishop-Weremouth
in the County of
Durham,
a Person of so impetuous a Temper, as could never be kept within Bounds. In the Year
1638,
by a just Sentence, he was whipt from the
Fleett
to
Westminister,
which afterward procured his Commission in the Army, where his obstinate Disobedience was more conspicuous, so as to become obnoxiuos to his Fellows: He was often indicted, and under
Cromwell
's Administration committed Prisoner to
Dover
Castle, where he became of a more came Hurmour than formerly, having put on the Garb of a Quaker; and declared himself, by Letters to his Friends, to be of the same Judgment with those which have taken up that Way and Opinion.
Publick Intelligencer.
1658.
Mark Milbank.
John Watson.
1659.
Thomas Bonner.
James Biggs.
In this Year, after General
Lambert
had dissolved the Long Parliament, and the Government was settled in what was called the Committee of Safety, most of them Officers of the Army, General
Monk
in
Scotland
having declared for the Parliament;
Lambert
was sent against him with a much superior Army, who made
Newcastle
the place of Rendezvous, where he stay'd above a Month, increasing his Troops, and expecting
Monk
's March into
England:
But
Portsmouth
and the Fleet declaring for the Parliament, which was soon after restored, he marched
Southward,
when being deserted by many of his Troops, and by the rest confined, he was conveyed Prisoner to
London;
and sent to the
Tower. Echard. Rapin.
1660.
John Emmerson.
William Blackett.
Soon after the meeting of the Parliament which restored King
Charles II.
Sir
Arthur Haslerigg
came to General
Monk,
and deliver'd up his two Regiments, and the
of
Do
wich, Newcastle,
and
Tinmouth,
which were given him by the late Powers, on Condition to have his Life and Estate preserved; which were generously assured to him.
Echard.
This Year Dr.
John Cosin,
Dean of
Peterborough,
was consecrated Bishop of
Durham, Dec. 2:
In the Year
1644. William Robson,
Parish Clerk of
All-Saints;
was
Oct. 20.
put out of his Office by the Rebels, and was this Year restored by his Majesty's Writ,
July 28.
being ejected for his Loyalty.
In the Spring this Year, all unknown Gentleman came to refitle at
Winlaton,
living very private, and daily more inquisitive after News, and every Circumstance of the Restoration; who upon: understanding the passing the Act of Indemnity, together with the Exception of the Murderers of the three King, went into an adjoining Wood and hanged himself.
1661.
Sir
John Marley.
Thomas Jennison.
May.
the 22d the Solemn League and Covenant was burnt in
London
and
Westminster,
and afterwards all
England
over, which was before rescinded by Parliament in
Scotland.
1662.
Sir
Fran. Anderson.
Henry Brabant.
1663.
Sir
James Clavering.
Robert Shaftoe.
This Mayor procured for Sir
William Fenwick
a Shoar a little below the
Bill,
which is called
Wilcolme Key;
it is built over
Wallsend Deane.
He has only left a Gate to convey away the Water, having built a Vault under the same, in which, if a few Stones decay, the Water will stop and overflow the whole Shoar. MS.
Milbank.
1664.
Sir
Francis Liddell.
Francis Liddell.
1665.
Henry Maddison.
William Carr.
Part of a Letter from
Tho. Naylor,
Vicar of
Newcastle,
to the Archidams of
Northumberland.
AT my coming to
Newcastle,
I sent for
George Headhall,
and acquainted him with the Contents of your Lotter; I let him know that you had spared no Pains, either by Tongue or Pen, whereby he might be convinced of him Error, and informed in the Truth, in Relmion to his present Case. I also gave him Notice, that you had decreed a Commission to me to absolve him upon a
ratory Caution. To this he answered, that such a Caution was all could be required of him in case he were imprisoned upon a
Writ de
xwinmieni
ir
inpiendo.
I replied to him, that it were easier for him now to perform that Condition, than if the Law made further Process against him. He concluded, he will come and wait on my Lord Bishop in
Whitson-Week,
and if you will be in
Duresme,
he will speak to you about the Business of his Absolution. Thus doth he shift off the Business from Time to Time, to gain Time; and from Person to Person, thinking, as I conceive, to slip away from them all.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1666.
William Blackett.
Timothy Davison.
1667.
Henry Brabant.
Ralph Grey.
1668.
Ralph Jennison.
Robert Jennison.
A Letter of the Vicar of
Newcastle
to Dr.
Basire,
Archdeacon of
Northumberland.
AT my coming home, I received a Letter from my Lord of
Durham,
wherein he was pleased to give me the Honour as to intimate unto me the Concerns of his Majesty's Letter to our Magistrates, much concurrent with the Intelligence you received from Court, and desired me to press Mr. Mayor, Sir
James Clavering,
and Sir
Fracis Anderson,
with this necessary Duty of suppressing these illegal, riotous, schismatical, and, as near as may be conjectured, seditious Assemblies: And this to be done with the Concurrence of the rest of the Ministers. I have had little Time since my coming; but Mr.
Shaw,
who is
instar omnium,
is come to Town, and in Health, and he will second me; upon
Monday
we purpose to prepare our selves, that we may discourse the Matter with Mr. Mayor and the rest of our Magistrates.
This for the Account of our Zeal to suppress those Caterpillars, and our Obedience to my Lord's Commands. Now for Matter of Fact, I know not of any thing as yet done; it is publickly known that a Letter is come from the King about them: The Magistrates, I hear, have been consulting about it; what the Result is, I know not; their Actings will discover their Counsels, I hope well of them: But if I had been a Magistrate, and none had been wiser than I, they should have been secured before this Time. I shall from Time to Time give you an Account what I see or know to be done in this grand Affair; in the mean time, beg your Acceptance of these Lines, from him who is,
Reverend SIR,
Your most Affectionate, though Most Unworthy Servant,
T. NAYLOR.
Newcastle,
Dec. 12. 1668.
A Letter from the Mayor and Five Aldermen of
Newcastle
to the Bishop of
Durham.
My
LORD,
WE received your Lordship's Letter, with his Majesty's Royal Letter inclosed, in which his Majesty takes Notice that there are numerous Conventicles held in this Town: My Lord, we are sorry that there is any Cause of Complaint upon this Occasion; we have this to answer for our selves, that we have put the Laws against Conventicles in Execution, so for as we had any Information, and have convicted several Persons upon the late Act against Conventicles, and taken Care to prevent these Meetings under Pretence of Worship, by employing the Church-Wardens to give Information, in Case they could discover any. We do take the late Statute against Conventicles to be in Force, and shall be always ready to proceed to punish Offenders against it; and if any Offenders have not been punished, it was for Want of Evidence to convict them; and if those Persons that informed your Lordship would have been pleased to have acquainted us, we would have taken away all Cause of Complaint,
We desire your Lordship would please to take Care of the Inclosed, and acquaint the King with our Proceedings herein: We should not have been so bold with your Lordship, to have given your Lordship so much Trouble, but that we were encouraged to it by your Lordship's Letter. My Lord, we crave your Lordship's Pardon for this Trouble, and shall remain
Your
LORDSHIP
'S Humble Servants,
RA. JENNISON,
Mayor.
JAMES CLAVERING,
J. EMMERSON.
ROBERT SHAFTOE,
WILL. BLACKETT.
MAR. MILBANKE.
Newcastle,
Dec. 15. 1668.
Mr.
MAYOR,
And the
Aldermen
of
Newcastle,
London,
Decem. 22. 1668.
I Have received your Letter of the 15th Instant, together with the Inclosed, which I delivered to Mr. Secretary. Sir
John Trever,
who read it to me, and hath acquainted his Majesty with it.
I am glad to find by both these your Letters, that you declare your Readiness to put the Laws in Execution against Conventicles, and unlawful Assemblies, for pretended religious Worship in that Town, whereinto both you and my self are in this Case intrusted to have a particular and diligent Inspection. But on the other Side, I am sorry to hear from you, that you have had neither any Information, nor any Evidence given you against such unlawful Assemblies in your Town, when the Notoriety of the Fact, by their numerous Meeting at your Barber-Chirurgeon
's
Hall upon
All-Saints
Day last, being
Sunday
the 1st of
November,
was such, that it was voic'd and made known to all the Town and Country about; Notice being also taken what special
Psalm,
or
New Rejoicing Song,
they then chose and applied to themselves, as
Holy Saints,
of
Bearing a double-edged Sword in their Hands to bind kings in Chains and Lords in Iron Bands:
of which notorious and unlawful Meeting both my self and divers others here at this Distance were shortly after informed; and I took the best Care I could thereupon to have an Address made unto you, Mr. Mayor, by a special Person under my Episcopal Jurisdiction, to desire you that you would not suffer any such scandalous and offensive Meetings to be, held among you, contrary to the known Laws of this Church and Realm of
England,
and greatly endangering the Publick Peace thereof: And this I did before I acquainted his Majesty or his Principal Secretaries with it; neither was there any Letter sent to you and the Aldermen from his Majesty concerning this Matter, before a second Information came both to my self, and Mr.
Brabant,
one of your own Society, of another numerous and unlawful Meeting at one of the Ringleader's Houses, upon the 25th of
November,
wherein they appointed and kept a Fast, with Preaching and Praying, which they held out from Eight a Clock in the Morning till Four in the Evening, the Work being held forth by their four chief Leaders and Abettors, Mr.
Gilpine,
Mr.
Durant,
Mr.
Leaver,
and Mr.
Pringle.
Of all which surely you had or might have had Knowledge; and if you had not, you will give me Leave to say, without Offence, that many of your Townsmen are very backward in discovering to you and arresting their Knowledge of such disorderly Assemblies, and that you are very great Strangers to the Affairs and Disturbances of your own Town, the Government whereof, under his Majesty, is committed to your Care.
It is well taken that, as you write, you have proceeded and convicted several of these disobedient Persons already, and that you will take Care to prevent their Meetings against Law for Time to come; which good Resolution being observed by you, will highly please his Majesty, and express the Duty that we owe to his Laws, and the good Government of this Realm: Otherwise, if we any ways neglect to do herein what belongs to us, we shall deservedly suffer the Blame of it, and incur the King's Displeasure, which always most carefully to avoid, is the bounden Duty both of you and my self, who am,
Mr.
MAYOR,
&c.
Your most Affectionate Bishop, and Humble Servant,
JO. DURESME.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1669.
Thomas Davison.
John Rogers.
Mr.
MAYOR,
and the rest of the
Corporation
of
Newcastle,
PUblick Peace being the Life of the Kingdom, and Execution the Life of the Laws, it has been my Endeavour to procure and preserve both, as in my Diocese in general, so in your Corporation in particular, being one of the most considerable Towns under my Episcopal Charge; witness my frequent Letters to you in order to those good Ends. I should have been right glad to have seen, and would as gladly to your Advantage have reported the good Effects, as I am heartily sorry to hear still the contrary, which cannot be otherwise as long as the Ringleaders of the Factious are suffered to walk at Liberty, so expresly contrary to the Act 17
Carol.
11. which lies before you, to which the King's late Proclamation ought to have given fresh Vigour. I would fain vindicate the Town of
Newcastle
from the foul Imputation of being the Nursery of Faction in these Northern Parts; which as Things now stand I cannot do, but rather must, and according to my Duty will, report the contrary to the King, and his Council, and then any one may easily foresee the evil Consequences. Out of my special Respect to your Town and Corporation, I forbear still, in Expectation of a speedy Account that both the Act of Parliament, and the King's Proclamation in this behalf, are really obey'd, that is, duly executed. If, as I hear, any of the Seducers pretend they have subscribed and taken the Oath required by the Act 17
Car.
II. I desire you would speedily send me their Certificates; mean while, I hope that you will make good Use of this my last Warning, tendered unto you, out of my tender Care of the Welfare of your Town. I commend you all to the Grace of God, and remain.
Your loving Pastour and Servant,
JO. DURESME.
From my Castle at
Duresme,
this 6th of
July, 1669.
Mr.
MAYOR,
&c.
SEeing that the Chappelry of St.
Andrew
's in the Town of
Newcastle
is now vacant, by the Death of Mr.
Ashburnham
the late Curate there: Therefore, out of my Pastoral Care for that Place, I do recommend to you, and to the rest of your Corporation, Mr.
Robert Bonner
to supply that Cure; the rather because born in your Town and formerly officiating in that Chappelry, and consequently supposed to be both more acceptable and also profitable among you; and the more, because unblameable both in Life and Doctrine; for the publick Good of you all, I shall not be unwilling to dispense with his Residence at
Harbourne,
being assured that he will provide a sufficient Curate and Preacher there, to whom he will give a good and competent Stipend for that Purpose. I doubt not of your Acceptance of this my Motion, in order to his Admission at St.
Andrew
's by my Episcopal Authority; and whereas I was lately informed that Mr.
Bonner
had declined this Place at St.
Andrew
's, I have now since that Time certainly understood, that he is not only willing but desirous to attend that Cure, and with all Diligence to bestow his Care and Pains upon it; which Desire of his being seconded by the other Ministers of your Town, I hope you will the better regard it. Thus commending you to God's Protection, I remain,
GENTLEMEN,
Your loving Pastour and Servant,
JO. DURESME.
Duresme,
Aug. 12. 1669.
An' Christi.
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1670.
William Carr.
Richard Wright.
Robert Roddam.
Januar. 15.
this Year died the learned Dr.
John Cosin
Lord Bishop of
Durham.
1671.
Ralph Grey.
Matthew Jefferson.
1672.
Mark Milbank.
Robert Mallibar.
1673.
Timothy Davison.
George Morton.
This Year
Nathaniel Crew
Lord Bishop of
Oxford
was translated to
Durham.
1674.
Thomas Jennison.
Henry Jennison.
1675.
Sir
Fr. Anderson.
William Christian.
The CASE of
Gosforth
CHAPPEL, and the Repairs thereof.
Dr.
BASIRE
Archdeacon of
Northumberland
's Letter to Dr.
THO. SMITH,
Dean of
Carlisle,
dated
Durham, Sept. 15. 1674.
Reverend and Honoured
SIR,
I Did purposely delay my Answer to your last of the 22d past, till at my last Visitation I had enquired after, and examined the Reparation of the Chappel of
Gosforth,
within the Vicarage of
Newcastle;
the Result whereof is, 1. The said Chappel is not a Chappel of Ease, but a Parochial Chappel, which the Mother-Church is not bound to repair, but belongs to themselves: You know very well the Episcopal Sentence at the Dedication of such Chappels, the Body whereof lies upon the Parishioners of the Chappel, and the Chancel upon the Impropriators or Appropriators. 2. That by Order of Mr.
George Willoughby,
Tenant to the Lord Bishop of
Carlisle,
for his Part of the Tythes, Mr.
Carr
Alderman of
Newcastle,
his Sub-Tenant, hath configned 10.
l.
about the 8th Instant into the Hands of Capt.
Fenwick
and Mr.
William Musgrave
Curate of
Gosforth,
for the Repair of the same; and I am confident the Dean and Chapter will be as forward to follow that Example. 3. You were mi
nformed concerning the Obligation of the poor Vicar of St.
Nicholas
to repair the Chappel, upon a Supposition that the Benefit of the Mortuaries, and of the Burials there, belongs to him, which you say are 13
s.
4
d.
for each Burial, whereof the Vicar receives but 6
s.
8
d.
but the Burthen of repairing the Chappels would, 'tis siad, surcharge the Vicarage in Value thrice over.
Having no more to trouble you withal at this Time, but to commend my self to your good Prayers, I remain,
Reverend
SIR,
Your very Affectionate Friend, and Faithful Servant,
ISAAC BASIRE.
Pray present my humble Service to my Lord your Bishop,
A
CASE
touching the Chancel of the Church of
South Gosforth,
and some Proceedings concerning the same, truly Stated.
1. IT is clear Law, that when no Person or Persons appear who are liable to the Repair of either Church or Chancol; that in such Case the Tythes or other Profits within that Parish are to be sequester'd for the said Repaire, after Notice given to the Parties concerned in such Profits.
Constitut. D. Othon,
p. 80,
&c.
De Facto,
Notice was frequently given to the Lord Bishop and Dean and Chapter of
Carlisle,
who are Impropriators of the Tythan within the Parish of
Gosforth,
and to their Farmers likewise, who should have appeared and showed something in Discharge of the
Onus Reparandi;
for
Gosforth
Church is neither Chappel of Ease, non-Parochial Chappel within the Rectory of St.
Nicholas,
as the Case was mistated to Dr.
Exton;
1. Because
Gosforth
is reputed and taken to be a Church and Parish distinct 2. The Parish of St.
Nicholas
is no Rectory, but a Vicarage; and in Cast two Churches Parochial be united, as probably these may be, the Reparation shall be severall as before,
Hob.
67. 3. The Case was mistated to Dr.
Exton
in a material and essential Part thereof, being put, of an Impropriator who repairs a Mother-Church; for, first,
non Consent,
in the Case of
Gosforth
Church that St.
Nicholas
is the Mother-Church, but rather the contrary, as above. Secondly; it is notorious that the Do
and Chapter of
Carlisle
have refused to repair the Chancel of St.
Nicholas,
and particularly to allow the late Dean's Accounts, who
de facto
once repaired it; so that the Case put to Dr.
Exton
differing essentially from this, his Opinion, which is allowed to be good Law, cannot reach this.
The Impropriators of the Parish of
Gosforth
may be soon satisfied, tho' it was once denied them, from the Authorities formerly sent, that Impropriators, as well as the Parson
de Communi Jure,
ought to repair the Chancel, unless they can prove contrary by Custom or Composition.
Dr.
SMITH
Dean of
Carlisle
's Letter to Dr.
BASIRE.
Reverend
SIR,
Cockermouth,
Jan.
14. 1674.
UPON reading of your Paper which you sent inclosed to my Lord our Bishop, touching the Repairs of
Gosforth
Chappel, I presently observed that the Authorities therein quoted are indeed very clear and full, as to the repairing of the Mother-Church, but reach not at all to Chappels, the Burthen whereof I have always been told did lie wholly upon the Inhabitants within each such Chapplery, the Parson or Impropriators being no Way liable thereunto. However, for my better Satisfaction, I wrote to a Friend of mine in
London,
and requested him to consult some able Civilian about it, and send me down his Opinion. The Quaere which I sent up was expressed in these very Words:
Whether an Impropriator be obliged, of common Right, to repair and uphold the Chancels, not only of the Mother-Church, but of all the Chappels likewise within the Rectory; and whether the Distinction of Chappels Parochial and Chappels of Ease make any Difference in the Case?
The Person consulted was Dr.
Exton,
Chancellor to the Bishop of
London,
whose Opinion, under his own Hand, I here send you inclosed, hoping it will give you Satisfaction; or if not, that you will please to let me know, that so we may consider what is further to be done.
With my true Respects and Service to your self and your Lady, craving the Continuance of your good Prayers, I remain ever,
SIR,
Your Faithful Servant,
THO. SMITH.
Dr.
EXTON
'S Opinion, mention'd above.
THE Law is certain, that where there is a Mother-Church and a Chappel of Ease, or a Parochial Chappel, which makes no Difference, if the Mother-Church be out of Repair, those Inhabitants within the Chappelries shall contribute towards the Repair of that Church: But
e contra
neither the Impropriator nor Parishioners of the Mother-Church shall at all contribute towards the Repairs of those Chappels: Except either they have done it, and so suffer'd a Custom to grow upon them, or there be some Reservation so to do it in the Foundation of those Chappels. But those Persons only that have the Benefit of those Chappels shall repair.
THO. EXTON.
Mr.
Willoughby
the Bishop's Lessee, for one Moiety of the Tythes, did voluntarily, before Sequestration, pay 10
l.
towards the Reparation of the Chancel, and the Sequestrators employed that 10
l.
and such Portion of the Tythes sequester'd, amounting to the Value of 10
l.
more, whereby the said Chancel was soon repaired, as it has been duly since that Time.
An' Christi
Mayors.
Sheriffs.
1676.
Sir
Ralph Carr.
Michael Blackett.
1677.
Robert Roddam.
Timothy Robson.
1678.
Matthew Jefferson.
Nicholas Fenwick.
1679.
George Morton.
William Aubone.
Upon
May
the 3d Dr.
Sharp,
Archbishop of St.
Andrew
's in
Scotland,
was assassinated in his Coach by twelve Russians, in Consequence of the
Solemn League and Covenant;
the same Month a Rebellion breaking out there, but suppressed the next Month.
1680.
Sir
Nath. Johnson.
Joseph Bonner.
1681.
Timothy Robson.
John Squire.
1682.
Nicholas Fenwick.
Nicholas Ridley.
1683.
William Blackett.
John Rumney.
1684.
William Aubone.
William Proctor.
James
II. Feb. 6.
died at
Whitehall
that excellent Prince King
Charles
the Second, and was succeeded by his Brother
James,
before Duke of
York.
1685.
Sir
Henry Brabant.
Ralph Elstob.
The Rebellion this Year by the Earl of
Argyle
in
Scotland,
and the Duke of
Monmouth
in
England,
did no way incommode the Town of
Newcastle,
both being speedily deserted, taken Prisoners, and executed.
1686.
Nicholas Cole.
Thomas Paise.
1687.
John Squire.
Sir
William Creah.
William Ramsay.
Samuel Gill.
In
November,
this Year, the Town of
Newcastle
received the Lord
Lumley,
and declared for the Prince of
Orange
and a Free Parliament.
Echard.
At that Time a beautiful Statue of King
James
on Horseback, erected upon a White Marble Basis, before the
Exchange
in the Midst of the
Sand-Hill,
was barbarously demolished by the Mob, who dragged the Statue and its Horse upon the Key, and turned them over the same into the River.
1688.
Will. Hutchinson.
Nicholas Ridley.
Matthias Partis.
Matthew White.
K.
William
Q.
Mary.
April 1.
King
William
and Queen
Mary
were crowned. In
July
following was passed an Act of Parliament for erecting a Court of Conscience in this Town.
Complete History of
England,
Vol. III. p. 532.
1689.
William Carr.
William Fetherstonhaugh.
1690.
William Ramsey.
Thomas Wasse.
1691.
Matthew White.
Joseph Atkinson.
1692.
Thomas Wasse.
Benjamin Davison.
1693.
Sir
Ralph Carr.
George Whinfield.
Dec. 28.
Queen
Mary
that excellent Princess departed this Life.
1694.
Joseph Atkinson.
Robert Eden.
April 2.
an Act for the better Admeasurement of Keels and Keel-Boats in the Port of
Newcastle,
and the Members thereunto belonging, had the Royal Assent.
Complete Hist. of
England,
Vol. III. p. 686.
1695.
Timothy Robson.
George Henderson.
1696.
George Whinfield.
William Ramsey.
1697.
Nicholas Fenwick.
George Cuthbertson.
July 5.
was passed an Act for the better supplying the Town with fresh Water.
Complete Hist of
England,
Vol. III. p. 752.
1698.
Sir
W. Blackett
Bar.
Edward Harrison.
1699.
Robert Eden.
Jonathan Hargrave.
1700.
George Henderson.
John Bowes.
1701.
William Ramsey.
William Boutflower.
Q.
Anne.
March 8.
the King died, and was succeeded by Queen
Anne.
1702.
William Carr.
John Bell.
1703.
Matthew White.
Allan Bateman.
1704.
Thomas Wasse.
Matthew Matsen.
Jonathan Roddam.
1705.
Sir
Ralph Carr.
William Ellison.
1706.
Nicholas Ridley.
Matthew Fetherstonhaugh.
1707.
Joseph Atkinson.
Henry Reay.
1708.
Robert Fenwick.
Edward Johnson.
1709.
George Whinfield.
Jonathan Roddam.
Henry Dalston.
1710.
William Ellison.
Ralph Reed.
1711.
M. Fetherstonhaugh
Francis Rudston.
1712.
Henry Reay.
Joseph Green.
1713.
Richard Ridley.
Nicholas Fenwick.
1714.
Edward Johnson.
Roger Matsen.
K.
George
I.
The Queen died
Aug. 1.
1715.
Henry Dalston.
Nathaniel Clayton.
About the Middle of
October
a Party of Rebels got together at
Alnwick
in
Northumberland;
whereupon some Troops of Dragoons and Companies of Foot marched immediately to secure
Newcastle,
where the Remembrance of the Hardships imposed upon that Place by the
Scots
during the Rebellion against King
Charles I.
armed the Inhabitants against every Inclination of admitting their
Northern
Neighbours, and their Guests, newly come out of
Scotland.
But afterwards, when these Dangers were overpast, upon the Arrival of some
Swiss
Dragoons, who, seeing the Prosperity and Riches of the Inhabitants, had entertained strong Resolutions to plunder the Town, were generously prevented by the
English
Soldiers quartered there.
1716.
Ralph Reed.
Francis Johnson.
1717.
Francis Rudston.
John Kelly.
1718.
Sir
W. Blackett
Bar.
Thomas Stephenson.
1719.
Joseph Green.
Cuthbert Fenwick.
1720.
Nicholas Fenwick.
Jacob Rutter.
1721.
Francis Johnson.
Stephen Coulson.
This Year,
Sept. 18.
died
Nathaniel
Lord
Crewe,
Bishop of
Durham,
and was succeeded by Dr.
William Talbot,
translated from
Salisbury.
1722.
William Ellison.
Robert Sorsbie.
1723.
M. Fetherstonhaugh
Richard Swinburne.
1724.
William Carr.
James Moncaster.
1725.
Nathaniel Clayton.
Thomas Wasse.
1726.
Nicholas Fenwick.
Joseph Liddell.
1727.
Cuthbert Fenwick.
Robert Johnson.
K.
George
II.
The King died
June 11.
1728.
Stephen Coulson.
John Stephenson.
1729.
Henry Reay.
Cuthbert Smith.
This Year,
Oct. 10.
died Dr.
William Talbot,
Bishop of
Durham,
and was succeeded by Dr.
Edward Chandler,
translated from
Coventry
and
Lichfield.
1730.
Francis Rudston.
William Harbottle.
1731.
Robert Sorsbie.
Challoner Cooper.
1732.
Richard Ridley.
William Fenwick.
1733.
Matthew Ridley.
John Simpson.
1734.
William Ellison.
Robert Ellison.
1735.
Walter Blackett.
John Wilkinson.
APPENDIX.
Add to Page 56, after the first Paragraph.
Carta
Nicholai
Episcopi
Dunelm.
facta Ecclesiae de
Karliol.
super Ecclesiis in proprios Usus retinendis.
OMNIBUS Sanctae
Matris
Ecclesiae Filiis ad quos praesens Scriptum pervenerit
Nicholaus
Dei gratia,
Dunelm.
Episcopus salutem in Domino. Noverit Universitas vestra quod Nos attendentes renuitatem seu paupertatem Possessionum Episcopatus & Ecclesiae
Karliol.
Ecclesias de talibus locis in proprios Usus retinendas Fructibus & Proventibus earundem Ecclesiarum, aequalibus portionibus inter ipsos distribuendis salvis competentibus Vicariis, & sustentatione honesta Vicariorum, in praefatis Ecclesiis, quos Vicarios Nobis & successoribus nostris praesentabunt per Nos & successores nostros instituendos; salvis etiam Nobis & successoribus nostris in perpetuum Jure, Auctoritate & Diguitate Episcopali in omnibus Ecclesiis antedictis: salvis etiam quadraginta Marcis annuis de Bonis earundem Ecclesiarum a dicto Venerabili Fratre
Silvestro Karliol.
Episcopo cum Termino solvendis
Dunelm.
ad Scaccarium nostrum quoad vixerit & post ejusdem Episcopi Discessum salvis quadraginta Libris
Sterlingorum
ab Episcopis
Karliol.
& dictis Priore & Conventu
Karliol.
& eorum successoribus in perpetuum Termino antedicto ad Scaccarium
Dunelm.
persolvendis de Bonis Ecclesiarum memoratarum.
Confirmatio Capituli
Dunelm.
super Carta praedicta.
Omnibus Christi Fidelibus
Bertramus
Prior & Conventus
Dunelm.
Ecclesiae salutem in Domino Noveritis Nos inspexisse Cartam Venerabilis Patris, Domini
Nicholai Dunelm.
Episcopi, cujus Tenor talis est. Omnibus S.
Matris,
&c. Nos igitur Apparationem seu Contessionem antedictam Ecclesiarum praefato Episcopo
Karliol.
& successoribus suis, ac Priori & Capitulo
Karliol.
factam, prout Canonice facta est. ratam habentes Ipsam Munimine Sigilli Capituli nostri confirmamus septimo die
Augusti,
Anno Domini 1246.
Carta
Hugonis
Episcopi
Dunelm.
Priori & Conventui
Karliol.
de omnibus Ecclesiis quas tenent in Dioces.
Dunelm.
HUGO Dei gratia
Dunelm.
Episcopus Omnibus Sanctae
Matris
Ecclesiae Filiis ad quos Literae istae pervenerint salutem. Noverit Universitas vestra Nos in Anno Incarnationis Domini Millesimo, Centesimo, Nonagesimo tertio pridie ante Cathedram S.
Petri
de communi Consilio Personarum & Ecclesiae Nostrae concessisse, & praesenti Carta nostra confirmasse dilectis Filiis nostris
Johanni
Priori & Conventui B.
Mariae Karleol.
omnes Ecclesias quas in Episcopatu nostro tenent & habent, ut viventibus Personis, quae tunc Eas tenebant, ab Eis annuatim Pensiones solitas percipiant, scil. de Ecclesia de
Novo Castello
super
Tynam
26
Marcas.
De Ecclesia de
Neuburn
12 Marcas. De Ecclesia de
Werkeworth
25
Marcas.
De Ecclesia de
Routhebery
9
Marcas.
De Ecclesia de
Whittincham
9
Marcas.
De Ecclesia de
Corbrig.
Medietatem tam Terrae quam Decimarum, & omnium aliarum Obventionum. Et
Petrus de Ros Karliol.
Archidiaconus, quem ad Eorum Praesentationem in alia Medietate Personam instituimus aliam Medietatem in omnibus teneat, reddendo inde dictis Priori & Canonicis annuatim unam Libram Incensi ad Assumptionem B.
Mariae
apud
Karleolum.
Et Ipsi pariter supportabunt Onus deserviendi Ecclesiae per honestos Vicarios, & reddendi Synodalia & Hospitia Archidiacono inveniendi. Praedictis autem Personis ab hac luce migrantibus Ipsi vacantes Ecclesias in propria manu sua retineant & habeant, & earum Fructus & Exitus in proprios Usus suos ad libitum suum convertant, & in singulis honestos Vicarios, sicut aliae Personae faciunt, ponant, qui Ecclesiis honeste deserviant & Curam Animarum habeant. Ipsi vero tanquam Personae Archidiacono & aliis Officialibus nostris, de his, quae ad Ipsos pertinent, respondebunt & satisfaciant: Verumtamen de Hospitiis nostris & communibus Auxiliis quieti crunt: Ipsi vero pro tam gratuita Benignitate nostra quam Eis impendimus, in Recompensationem Hospitiorum nostrorum & Auxiliorum Nobis & Successoribus nostris annuatim in perpetuum quadraginta
Marcas
viginti scil, ad
Pentecost,
& viginti ad Festum S.
Martini
persolvent; sed de decem quicti erunt, donec aliqua praedictarum Ecclesiarum in Eorum Proprietatem deveniat. His Testibus
Bertramo
Priore
Dunelm, Burchardo
&
Willielmo
Archidiaconis,
Symone
Camerario, Magro .
Ricardo de Coldingham,
Magro .
Willo . Blesensi, Willo . de Hoveden,
Magro ,
Rob. de Adington, Symone, Johanne,
&
Ricardo Capollanis, Nicholao Medico, Rob. de Ellewych, Rob. de Hedon, Rob. de Dunelm.
Magro .
Will. Elemosinario, Adam. Ricardo, Hagrun, & Will. de Norham
Clericis, & multis aliis.
Obligatio Episcopi & Prioris
Karliol.
de Indemnitate Confirmationis Ecclesiarum Eorundent in proprios Usus.
OMnibus hoc Scriptum visuris vel audituris
Silvester
Dei gratia
Karliol.
Episcopus, &
Robertus
Prior & Conventus
Karliol.
salutem in Domino. Ne processu temporis Priori & Capitulo
Dunelm.
Ecclesiae possit aliquo Eventu dispendium provenire per hoc quod Ratihabitionem, quam ratificavit Dominus
Ricardus
Dei gratia
Dunelm.
Episcopus super Ecclesiis
de Novo Castro, Newburne, de Workworth, de Corbrigg,
& medietate Ecclesiae
de Wytingham
Nobis & Successoribus nostris in proprios Usus secundum Ordinationem Magistrorum
Wilhelmi de Kylkenny
Archidiaconi
Coventrens. Thomae de Wymundham
Precentoris
Lichseldens. Odinis de Kylkenny,
&
Walteri de Merton
Clericorum liberaliter confirmarunt, praesenti Scripti Nos & successores nostros & Ecclesiam
Karliol.
in perpetuum obligamus, quod conservabimus Indemnes in omnibus & per omnia praefatos Priorem & Conventum
Dunelm.
quoad hoc: In cujus Rei Testimonium praesenti Scripto Sigilla nostra fecimus apponi. Datum 22 die
Octobris
Ao Dni 1248.
Add to Page
73.
I suppose
Thomas Harelred
died the ninth of King
Henry
VII. having so good a Voucher as the following Record, enrolled in the Chancery Rolls at
Durham
during the Vacation of that See after the Death of
John Sherwood,
and before the succeeding Bishop,
Richard Fox,
was inthroned Bishop there, altho' nominated.
An Enrollment of an Arbitrement between
Humfrey Lysle,
Esq
and the Vicar of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne.
MEMORAND. Quod
Umfridus Lysle
Arm. vicesimo die
Martii
Anno Regni Regis
Henrici
septimi nono, sede Episcopali
Dunelm.
vacante, coram ipso Domino Rege in Cancellaria sua
Dunelm.
coram Magistro
Radulpho Both
Clerico Cancellario dicti Domini Regis, sede vacante, venit & Cognovit Scriptum subsequens, & omnia contenta in eodem esse Factum suum, & petiit ut irrotularetur in Rotulis Cancellariae
Dunelm.
in forma sequente.
Memorand.
That in the Presence of
Rauff Bothe,
Chaunceller of
Durham,
it is agreid betwene
Umfray Lysle
on that oon Partye, and
John Deye
Doctor Theologia, and Vicare of
Newcastell
upon
Tyne
on that other Partye; that the said
Umfray
shall leve of his Handes, and not to meale with the Chirch or Chapyll of
Sowth Gosford
duyted therunto belonging, nor put in noe Preste to ministre the Sacrament nor Sacraments, nor magnteyn no such to be, nor magnteyn noon othir manner of Man to recyve eny maner of duyte to the said Chirch or Chappell belonging, but peasbley sufre the said Vicare an his Deutyes, Ministers, Officers, Tenaunts, and Servaunts, to occupye, receve, and enjoye all maner of Rightys there, and if Nede be to suye for the same without Let or Perturbance of the said
Umfray
or eny in his Name, or eny other Wrong doyng by him or eny of his, till the reverent Fadre in God
Richard
nowe Byssshop of
Bathe
determyn or decree the contrary, and there of make Notice to the said Chaunceller; and thus truly to performe the said
Umfray
feithfully promitteth on his Fayth and Honeste all: Also the said
Umfray
byndeth hym to my said Lord of
Bathe,
that he shall kepe and bere the Kyng's Passe ayenste the said Vicare, his Servaunts, Deutyes, Tenaunts, and all his Officers ther apon peyn of C. Marcs? And also of brekyng of his Faith, nether by hym self nor by the procuryng or stirring of eny other as farr as he may let. And to this kepyng of Peasse Sir
Rauff Bowes
the Shirreff of the Bysshopprick is bounden to the said Chaunceller in the of C. Marcs, and that thies Premissez shall be keped ether of the Parties haf subscribled this with theire Signe Manuale, and deliver'd this for theire Dede to remayne for a Recorde, and to be enrowled by the said Chaunceller as Mat
r of Records in the Chau
of
Durham.
Writyn at
Durham
in the Fest of Seynt
Cuthbert
in
Marche
the 9th Yere of the Reigne of Kyng
Henry
the 7th. 1494.
UMFRAY LEYLL, R. CHAMBRE, in the Name and for Sir RAUFF BOWES.
Add to Page 139.
Confirmatio Ordinationis Hospitalis de
Walknoll,
infra Villam
Novi Castri.
UNiversis Sanctae
Matris
Ecclesiae Filiis ad quos praesentes Literae pervenerint
Thomas
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus, salutem in Eo quem peperit Uterus Virginalis. Universitati vestrae innotescimus per praesentes quod quandam Cartam Quatripartitam
Willielmi de Acketon
Burgensis Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
nostrae Dioces. super Ordinatione cujusdam Hospitalis Ordinis Sanctae
Trinitatis
super
le Walknoll
infra dictam Villam
Novi Castri
per ipsum factam, Sigillo ejusdem
Willielmi;
ac Sigillo communi dictae Villae
Novi Castri
Sigillatam, sanam, & integram, ac omni suspicionis vitio carentem recepimus & inspeximus in haec Verba.
In Nomine Sanctae & Individuae Trinitatis, Patris & Filii & Spiritus Sancti, per hanc Cartam quatripartitam pateat Universis quod Ego
Willielmus de Acketon
Burgens. Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam Dunelm.
Dioces. inter Opera Pietatis Deo grata reputans & acceptum, per Augmentum Cultus Divini & Pietatis, praecipue Ministerio Sacerdotum, & per Exhibitionem sustentationis Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum Terrena & Transitoria in Aeterna & Coelestia felici commercio commutare, Auctoritate & Consensu Venerabilis Patris Domini
Thomae Dunelm.
Episcopi, Loci Diocesani, & sui Capituli Ecclesiae Cathedralis
Dunelm.
dedi, concessi, & hac praesenti Carta mea quatripartita consirmavi, Intuitu Caritatis, & pro Salubri Statu dicti Venerabilis Patris, & Serenissimi Principis, Domini
Edvardi
Dei gratia Regis
Angliae
&
Franciae
illustris, Progenitorum & Haeredum suorum, pro salute Corporum & Animarum, Mei,
Mariae
Uxoris meae,
Roberti de Oggell, Willielmi del Strother,
&
Roberti de Angerton,
& pro salute Animarum
Willielmi de Thorald, Dionisiae
Uxoris suae,
Willielmi de Acketon
Patris mei,
Isoldae
Uxoris suae Matris meae,
Johannis, Thomae, Walteri, Edae, Adae, Edmundi, Willielmi, Petri,
& omnium Antecessorum, Benefactorum, Amicorum meorum & successorum eorum, & omnium Fidelium defunctorum, Licentia dicti Domini Regis super hoc concessa & optenta, Deo & Sanctae Trinitati, quae est Pater & Filius & Spiritus Sanctus, & hi tres Unum sunt, &
Willielmo de Wackefeld
Fratri Ordinis Sanctae Trinitatis & Confratribus dicti Ordinis, Pauperibus, & Insicmis, sive Clericis, totam illam Terram vocaram
le Walknoll
in praedicta Villa
Novi Castri
cum suis Pertinentiis, super quam Terram edificavi unum Hospitale in Honore Sanctae Trinitatis, pro Inhabitatione unius Custodis perpetui. Confratrum Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, qui in eodem Hospitali moranbuntur, & successorum suorum, in perpetuum dedi & concessi Deo & sanctae Trinitati, ac praedictis Fratri
Willielmo de Wackefeld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis supradictis in dicto Hospitali morantibus, & in perpetuum moraturis, in puram & perpetuam Elemosinam, & sustentationem Eorundem & successorum suorum, unum Messuagium cum Pertinentiis suis quod quondam fuit
Hugonis de Haldenby,
sicut jacet per suas rectas & antiquas Divisas in praedicta Villa
Novi Castri,
inter Tenementum in quo
Robertus de Norrays
inhabitat ex parte una & Venellum in quo
Johannes Graper
inhabitat ex parte altera. Dedi etiam & concessi Deo & sanctae Trinitati & praedicto
Willielmo de Wackefeld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, sive Clericis supradictis duo Celaria in anteriore parte Messuagii in quo
Robertus Elward
inhabitat, sicut jacent in longitudine inter Terram
Thomae de Kelson
ex una parte ex opposito del
Calecross
ejusdem Villae, & Venellum
Johannis Abell
ex altera, & extendit se in latitudine a Via Regia usque ad Celarium dicti
Roberti
dicti Messuagii, excepto Introitu dicti
Roberti.
Dedi etiam & concessi Deo & sanctae Trinitati, & praedicto
Willielmo de Wakeseld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, sive Clericis supradictis unam Placeam Terrae cum suis Pertinentiis jacentem in Villa praedicta
Novi Castri,
sicut jacet per suas rectas & antiquas Divisas, in latitudine inter Terram
Johannis de Stanhoppe
ex parte una, & Terram quondam
Thomae Milson
ex parte altera, & extendit se in longitudine a Via juxta Murum, Domini Regis usque ad
Gardinum
meum de tentorio. Concessi etiam Deo & sanctae Trinitati & praedicto
Willielmo de Wackeselde,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, sive Clericis supradictis unum Annum Redditum Triginta & trium Solidorum & quatuor Denariorum exeuntem de quodam Tenemento meo in Villa praedicta
Novi Castri
juxta
Lorteburne,
quod
Adam Market
quondam tenuit. Concessi etiam Deo & Sanctae Trinitati, &
Willielmo de Wackefeld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis supradictis unum Annuum Redditum Triginta & sex solidorum & octo Denariorum exeuntem de toto Tenemento meo in Villa praedicta juxta
Lorteburne,
quod
Alicia de Brandon
quondam tenuit, quae quidem Tenementa jacent inter Terram
David de Rodam
ex parte Boriali & Tenementum
Roberti de Angerton
ex parte Australi. Concessi etiam Deo & sanctae Trinitati, &
Willielmo de Wackefelde,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis supradictis, unum annuum Redditum Quinquaginta & septem solidorum & quatuor Denariorum exeuntem de toto illo Tenemento quod
Robertus Elward
de Me tenet in Villa praedicta in Vico vocato
le Flesshewer Rawe,
sicut jacet inter Terram
Thomae de Kelson
ex parte una, & Terram
Johannis Abell
ex altera. Concessi etiam Deo, & sanctae Trinitati, &
Willielmo de Wakefeld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, & Clericis supradictis unum annuum Redditum decem solidorum exeuntem de Tenemento
Thomae de Kelson
ex opposito
le Calecrosse
in Villa praedicta in puram & perpetuam Elemosinam, ad inveniend. & sustinendtres Fratres Capellanos dicti Ordinis vel aptos Ordinibus, ita quod sint infra duos annos Capellani Canonice ordinati: Quorum Unus sit Custos perpetuus dicti Hospitalis tres Pauperes & Infirmos, tres Clericos scolatizantes & addiscentes in dicto Hospitali moraturi & in Capella dicti Hospitalis instructuri. Ut Custos & Confratres sui praedicti, Capellani, Pauperes, & Clerici supradicti, in dicto Hospitali, & infra Mansum ejusdem Hospitalis habitabunt, & de Bonis communibus dicti Hospitalis in Esculentis, & Potulentis, & Lectis, sustentationem suam percipiant & habebunt, secundum Posse dicti Hospitalis, ac tres Lectos competentes pro Hospitibus ibidem accedentes habebunt & invenient paratos. Volo etiam & dispono, quod praedicti Custos & Confratres singulis diebus Horas suas Canonicas in Capella dicti Hospitalis dicant vel psallent tempore competent, & cessante Impedimento, singulis diebus Missas suas celebrent sive dicant in Capella dicti Hospitalis, prout ad Commoditatem Peregrinorum & aliorum Extraneorum ad dictam Villam accedentium & ab eadem redeuntium melius videbitur expedire. Dictique Pauperes, Infirmi, sive Clerici Orationes & Preces suas faciant pro salubri statu Viventium, & pro salubri statu Corporum & Animarum Praedictorum: Ita viz. quod Eorum quilibet dicat singulis diebus Viginti Pater Noster & totidem Ave, vice & Horae nomine matu
i
inalis, or vice & Horae nomino primae quinque Pater Noster & Ave, & pro singulis horis diei totidem, viz. tertiae, sextae, nonae, Vesperarum, & Completorii: & quod praedicti Clerici in omnibus Festis duplicibus per totum Annum & in Vigiliis Eorundem, in Capella dicti Hospitalis ministrent & deservient, & ad Ista facienda & complenda onerentur singuli, Custos, Sacerdotes, Pauperes, Infirmi, sive Clerici, in periculum Animarum eorundem. Dicti Custos, Fratres, Pauperes, Infirmi, sive Clerici, qui pro tempore fuerint, singulis diebus in Noctis Crepusculo, in Capella dicti Hospitalis simul conveniant, & facta Pulsatione aliquali, ut est moris Antiphoniam de Gloriosa Virgine
Maria,
scil. salve Regina, vel aliam Antiphoniam, de Domina decantent devotius qua poterunt alta voce, & quali sexta Feria, vel semel in qualibet hebdomade dicant sive psallent dicti Custos & Confratres, qui pro tempore fuerint, Placebo, & Dirige pro Personis & Animabus supradictis, quorum Nomina in dicta Capella specialiter recitantur, ut sic dicti Custos & Confratres ad sanctam Regulam & Disciplinam dicti Ordinis simul viventes, ac dicti Pauperes, Infirmi, & Clerici ibidem pacificae & modestae Conversationis, salubrius Orationibus & Praecibus vacare, & Domino valeant deservire. Volo insuper & dispono, quod omnes Redditus, Tenementa, Messuagia, Celaria, & Placeae supradictae ad Usum & Sustentationem dictorum Custodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, & Successorum suorum in dicto Hospitali commorantium integraliter & inviolabiliter conserventur, & in nullos alios Usus quomodolibet convertantur: Ad quorum conservationem & fidelem Custodiam quilibet Custos ad Regimen dicti Hospitalis ordinandus in Admissione sua Vinculo Juramenti Corporaliter praestiti specialiter oneretur. Ita quod non liceat dictis Custodi, Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, five Clericis, nec corum successoribus dictum Hospitale, Redditus, Tenementa, Messuagia, Celaria, vel Placeas supradicta, seu aliquam partem Eorundem alicui alienare, impignorare, seu diminuere, & si aliquid factum vel acceptum fuerit in contrarium, de Jure non valeat quovismodo. Si vero praedicti Redditus, seu aliqua pars corundem, a retro fuerint ad aliquem Terminum, viz. ad Festum
Pentecost.
& S.
Martini
in hyeme non soluti, quod tunc bene liceat dicto Custodi qui pro tempore suerit, per se vel per Alium in praedictis Tenementis intrare & quolibet Tenemento praedictorum, pro Redditu a retro existente, unde praedicta Tenementa onerantur intrare, distringere, & Districtiones capere, asportare, & retinere, quousque de praedicto annuo Redditu a retro existente, cum Arreragiis, si quae sint, plenarie Eis fuerit satisfactum. Cum antem Custos dicti Hospitalis qui pro tempore fuerit in fata decedat, cesserit, seu renunciaverit Regimen dicti Hospitalis, sive propter Crimen vel Defectum, seu aliam Causam notabilem, amotus fuerit a Regimine praedicto, tunc in omni Casu praedicto per Me quamdiu vixero, & post mortem meam volo, quod tunc bene liceat dictis Confratribus, in dicto Hospitali qui pro tempore suerint commorantibus infra Quindenam, post mortem alicujus Custodis, Cessionem, seu Renunciationem, idoneam Personam de Scipsis, vel de Conventu de
Knaresburgh
Ordinis praedicti eligere, & Ipsum sic electum Ministro de
Knaresburgh
praesentare, & Ipse sic electus & praesentatus per ipsum Ministrum praedictum recipiatur, & in Custodia dicti Hospitalis instituatur secundum Ordinationes & Fundationes meas supraedictas: Quod si contingat quod praedicti Fratres in praedicto Hospitali morantes concordare non possunt super Electionem praedictam, volo quod Minister de
Knaresburgh
& Conventus ejusdem Domus, infra tres Septimanas tunc proxime sequentes, idoneam Personam de Ordine praedicto praesentant, & Ille sic praesentatus sit Custos perpetuus dicti Hospitalis secundum Ordinationem & Fundationem meas supradictas: Et si praedicti Minister & Conventus dictae Domus de
Knaresburgh,
non praesentaverint Idioneam personam, ut praefertur, volo quod Minister dictus Provincialis Ordinis praedicti in
Anglia
Idoneam Personam Ordinis praedicti ad Custodiam dicti Hospitalis infra quindenam extunc proxime sequentem praesentet, & Ille sic praesentatus sit Custos dicti Hospitalis secundum Ordinationem & Fundationem supradictas: Et quod si praedictus Minister dictus Provincialis non praesentaverit idoneam Personam ad Custodiam dicti Hospitalis ut praesertur, volo & concedo quod tunc bene liceat Majori & Ballivis Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
qui pro tempore fuerint, idoneam Personam de Ordine praedicto ad Ministrum de
Knaresburgh,
qui pro tempore fuerit praesentare, & Ipse sic praesentatus per praedictum Ministrum in Costodia dicti Hospitalis instituatur secundum Fundationem & Ordinationem supradictas. Item ordino & dispono de Voluntate & Assensu Ministri & Conventus Domus praedictae S.
Roberti de Knaresburgh,
quod Minister ejusdem Domus vel ejus Vicarius ejusdem Ordinis cum Uno suo Confratre & aliis duobus per Equos ad dictum Hospitale singulis Annis post mortem
Willielmi de Wakefeld
Custodis Hospitalis praedicti, infra Quindenam proximam post Festum S. Trinitatis personaliter accedat, & sumptus moderatos dicti Hospitalis per sex dies veniendo, morando, & redeundo percipiat per manus Custodis persolvendos: Idemque Minister, quem solum Ordinarium & dicti Hospitalis Praesidentem esse volo, adeo quod nullus alius Judex seu Ordinarius de Statu dicti Hospitalis, seu Personis & Rebus ejusdem se nullatenus intromittat, Inquisitionem diligentem, & Visitationem plenam, de Personis, & Rebus dicti Hospitalis faciat ac exerceat, ac Defectus ibidem compertos corrigat & emendet, prout secundum Deum & Aequitatem melius videbitur expedire. Et Minister dictus & Conventus de
Knaresburgh,
qui pro tempore fuerint, habebunt annuatim pro labore suo Visitationis dicti Hospitalis Pondus unius Equi Piscium per manus Custodis dicti Hospitalis apud Villam
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
recipiendum, decenter persolvendum: Et quod dictus Custos, nec Hospitale praedictum ulterius oneretur pro labore praedicto. Et volo quod quandocunque & quotiescunque aliqui Fratres pauperes sive Clerici dicti Hospitalis decesserint, recesserint, vel aliis Causis rationabilibus, sive ex Causa rationabili amoti fuerint ab Hospitali praedicto, quod per Me, dum vixero, & post mortem meam per praedictos Custodem & Confratres dicti Hospitalis, alii Fratres idonei, Pauperes, Infirmi, & Clerici loco decedentium, recedentium, & amotorum, infra tres septimanas, ut praemittitur assumantur, & in eodem Hospitali ponantur: Quod si contingat quod praedicti Custos & Confratres dicti Hospitalis infra tres Septimanes supradictas, ut praemittitur, praedictam Assumptionem Fratrum Pauperum, Infirmorum & Clericorum non adimpleverint, quod tunc bene liceat Majori & Ballivis dictae Villae
Novi Castri,
qui pro tempore fuerint, alios Fratres idoneos, Pauperes, Infirmos, & Clericos assumere, & in eodem Hospitali ponere moraturos, secundum Ordinationem meam & Fundationem supradictam.
Et in Assumptione & Praefixione Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum, in dicto Hospitali ponendorum, Volo quod Personae de Consanguinitate & Affinitate mea, si quae fuerint, alioquin de Originariis & Oriundis de dicta Villa
Novi Castri,
vel de aliis praeferantur. Caeterum inter dictum Ministrum & Confratres dictae Domus de
Knaresburgh
& Me concorditer est conventum, quod si Minister dictae Domus, qui erit pro tempore, ad dictum Hospitale Causa Visitationis, Inquisitionis, & Correctionis faciendarum, temporibus statutis supradictis, personaliter, vel ejus Vicarius accedere, & ea, quae in hac Causa requiruntur, non curaverit seu neglexerit, absque Impedimento, legitime adimplere singulis Annis quibus adimplere neglexerit, dicti Minister & Confratres Domus de
Knaresburgh
omni Commodo & Jurisdictione omnino careant & perdent: Et volo quod tunc bene liceat Priori
Dunelm.
qui pro tempore fuerit, post Quindenam postquam dictus Minister Domus de
Knaresburgh
a Visitatione dicti Hospitalis defecerit contra Formam praenominatam, infra Quindenam proxime sequentem faciat, & quae concernunt ad Visitationem dicti Hospitalis adimpleat Modo & Forma Fundationis antedictae. Et quod si dictus Prior Ea, quae concernunt ad Visitationem supradictam, neglexerit, quod tunc bene liceat Vicario Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
qui pro tempore fuerit, dictam Visitationem dicti Hospitalis facere, ut praemittitur. Et volo insuper & dispono quod neque Minister Domus de
Knaresburgh,
quem Praesidentem dicti Hospitalis ordinamus, ut est dictum, nec Major nec Ballivi dictae Villae
Novi Castri,
nullam Potestatem habeant aliqua Bona dicti Hospitalis minuendi, sibi vel Domui de
Knaresburgh,
vel alteri cuicunque applicandi vel transferendi, sed quod ipsa Bona omnia & singula in Usus dicti Custodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, Clericorum & Successorum suorum totaliter convertantur. Habenda & tenenda dictam Terram, Hospitale praedictum, Messuagia, Celaria, & Placeas supradictas, ac Redditus praedictos, percipienda cum omnibus suis Pertinentiis praedicto Fratri
Willielmo de Wackefeld,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis in dicto Hospitali morantibus, & in futurum moraturis, ibidem Deo servituris, & successoribus suis in perpetuum, in puram & perpetuam Elemosinam, ad inveniendum, sustentandum, & perficiendum Omnia antedicta modo & forma praenominatis in eodem Hospitali Ita quod quandocunque & quotiescunque praedicti Custos, Confratres, Pauperes, Infirmi, Clerici vel successores sui defecerit vel defecerint in aliquo Articulo Praemissorum, & debita Correctio dicti Defectus infra Quadraginta dies proxime sequentes post Visitationem sactam, per praedictum Ministrum de
Knaresburgh
vel ejus Vicarium per Priorem
Dunelm.
vel per Vacarium de
Novo Castro
super
Tynam,
qui pro tempore suerit, non fiet, quod tunc bene liceat Mihi in tota Vita mea, & post Decessum meum Majori & Ballivis, qui pro tempore fuerint, in omnibus meis Celariis, Placeis, & Redditibus supradictis intrare, distringere, & Ea in manu mea, dum vixero, & post mortem meam, in manibus dicti Majoris & Ballivorum, qui pro tempore fuerint, retinere, quousque debita Correctio fiet de Defectu invento aliquorum Articulorum supradictorum contra Ordinationem & Fundationem supradictas. Salvo tamen quod omnes Redditus & Proficui inde provenientes in Usum Inhabitantium, viz. Custodis, Fratrum, Pauperum, Infirmorum, & Clericorum in dicto Hospitali, & non in alios Usus convertantur quomodolibet. Et Ego vero
Willielmus de Acketon
Burgensis Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
& Haeredes mei praedictam Terram, Hospitale praedictum, Messuagia, Celaria, & Placeas supradictas, ac Redditus supradictos cum omnibus suis Pertinentiis praedicto
Willielmo de Wackefelde,
Confratribus, Pauperibus, Infirmis, & Clericis in dicto Hospitali morantibus, & in futurum moraturis, & successoribus suis, modo & forma praenominatis contra omnes Genres warantizabimus & desendemus in perpetuum. In cujus Rei Testimonium Parti hujus Indenturae quadripartitae penes Me remanenti Sigillum
Willielmi de Wackefeld,
& Sigillum Capituli Domus de
Knaresburgh
sunt apposita: Alteri vero Parti penes dictum
Willielmum
& Hospitale praedictum remanenti Sigillum meum & Sigillum commune dictae Villae
Novi Castri
sunt appensa: Tertiae vero Parti penes Majorem & Ballivos Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam,
& in Communi Cista ejusdem Villae romanenti Sigilla dicti
Willielmi de Wackefeld
& dicti Capituli de
Knaresburgh
& Sigillum meum sunt appensa: Quartae vero Parti penes Magistrum & Conventum Domus de
Knaresburgh
remanenti Sigillum meum & Sigillum
Willielmi de Wackefelde
Custodis dicti Hospitalis. una cum Siuillo communi
Novi Castri
sunt apposita. His Testibus,
Willielmo de la Strother
tunc Majore Villae
Novi Castri
super
Tynam, Johanne de Emeldon, Nicholao Bagot,
&
Johanne de Camera
tunc Ballivts,
Roberto de Angerton, Thoma de Hett, Roberto Qware, Johanne de Bikere, Ada. Ord, Johanne Plumber, Nicholao Soco
& aliis. Datum apud Villam
Novi Castri
super
Tynam
die
Mercur.
proximo ante Festum
Pentecost.
Anno Domini Millesimo, Trecentesimo, Sexagesimo.
Nos igitur
Thomas
Permissione Divina
Dunelm.
Episcopus antedictus attentis, pensatis, & diligenter consideratis Praemissis omnibus & singulis & eorum Causis, nec non laudabili Opere hujusmodi & Proposito dicti
Willielmi de Acketon,
quae omnia pia, utilia, & necessaria reputamus, praefatam Cartam, ac Omnia & Singula in eadem contenta, tanquam rite & legitime facta, quatenus ad Nos attinet, pro Nobis & Successoribus nostris
Dunelm.
Episcopis acceptamus, approbamus, ratificamus, & tenore Praesentium confirmamus, Jure, Jurisdictione, Dignitate, & Honore Nostris & Ecclesiae nostrae
Dunelm.
in omnibus & per omnia semper salvis. In cujus Rei Testimonium Sigillum nostrum Praesentibus est appensum. Datum in Manerio nostro de
Aukland
secundo die Mensis
Octob.
Anno Domini Milles. Trecent. Sexag. primo, & Consecrationis nostrae decimo septimo.
Et Nos Prior & Capitulum Ecclesiae
Dunelm.
Praemissa omnia & singula per dictum Venerabilem Patrem facta rata habentes, & qnatenus in Nobis est, & ad Nos pertinet, approbantes, Sigillum nostrum Commune ad majorem Securitatem & Evidentiam Praesentium duximus apponendum. Datum ergo, quod ad Nos in Capitulari Domo nostra
Dunelm.
Vicesimo die Mensis
Aprilis
Anno Domini Milles. Trecentes. Sesages. Tertio.
FINIS.