CHRONOLOGY; OR, THE Historian's Vade-Mecum.
WHEREIN EVERY REMARKABLE OCCURRENCE IN ENGLISH HISTORY, WITH THE Principal EVENTS of other HISTORIES, both Ancient and Modern, are alphabetically recorded, and the Dates affixed;
TOGETHER WITH A Chronological List of the most EMINENT MEN in all Ages of the World.
By the Rev. Dr. JOHN TRUSLER.
This Work gives a more enlarged View of ENGLISH HISTORY than can be comprized in the smaller Edition; exhibits the Dates of Creation of all the PEERAGES; the Invention and Progress of the several ARTS; and also a List of the KINGS of every Country. &c. and the STATE-OFFICERS, BISHOPS, &c. for many Years back.
VOL. II.
For the LIBRARY and the USE of SCHOOLS.
THE TENTH EDITION, With the Additions of Five Years close reading.
LONDON: Printed for the AUTHOR, and sold by R. BALDWIN, No. 47, Pater-noster-Row; where may be had, Price 1s. 6d.
The Pocket Edition.
[Price of the Two Volumes
s. sewed.]
THE HISTORIAN's VADE-MECUM.
REMARKABLE OCCURRENCES, That could not be so well ranged
Alphabetically.
Before Christ.
4004. ON the 4th day of the creation, at noon, according to Kennedy, the earth first received its diurnal motion.
3015. Universal corruption overspread the world. Destruction of men resolved on.
1921. The number of false divinities multiplying, gave occasion to the vocation of Abraham.
604. By order of Necho, king of Egypt, some Phoenicians sailed from the Red Sea round Africa, and returned by the Mediterranean.
331. A great many Roman ladies poisoned their husbands; 170 of them suffered death for it. This was the first example of such a crime.
After Christ.
26. Nine hundred Roman soldiers taking shelter in a wood, having been cut to pieces, after a noble defence, by the Frisians, a people beyond the Rhine, it had such an effect on the Roman army in general, that 400 other soldiers that had retreated within a house, fearing they should be betrayed, killed each other to a man.
47. A new island appeared in the Aegean sea.
48. On enquiry, there was found to be 1,544,000 citizens in Rome.
70. After Jerusalem was taken, Fle
defended a strong fortress with 960 of his most desperate followers. When the battering ram had made a breach, they turned their swords against their wives and children, and then against their own breasts. They died to the last man.
74. On examination, several persons at Rome were found to be 100, 120, 130, 131, 1
2, 138, and 140 years old, and two were advanced to 150.
195. About this time, Plautianus, the favourite minister of Severus, emperor of Rome, that his daughter, in her marriage with the oldest son of the emperor, might be attended with a train of eunuch
, worthy of an Eastern queen, ordered 100 free Romans, some of them married and fathers of families, to be castrated.
200. About this period, it was the universal opinion both of the church and the heretics, that the fallen angels, or daemons, were the authors, the patrons, and the objects of idolatry.
291. There was a darkness at Rome at noon day.
389. At Rome, a pillar of fire was seen in the air during 30 days.
424. The Persian army, fearing they should be cut off by the Romans, threw themselves into the Euphrates, where upwards of 100,000 perished.
770. Constantine IV. sent for a great number of friars and nuns to Ephesus, ordered them to change their black habits for white, and to destroy their images; and, on their refusal, he commanded their eyes to be put out, banished them, and sold their monasteries.
800. About this time, Charlemagne, emperor of Rome and Germany, instituted the ceremony at Easter, of a Christian's giving a Jew a box on the ear, which was afterwards carried to that excess, as to destroy the Jew by the blow. This custom, about the beginning of the 12th century, was changed into a tax, and appropriated to the canons of St. Sernin.
996. Otho III. emperor of Germany, having beheaded an Italian count, on a false accusation of his empress, that he had made an attempt upon her honour, ordered her to be burnt alive, and condemned himself in a great fine, which he paid to the count's widow.
998.
Kyrie-cle
and
Paralipomenon
were accounted two eminent saints of the church, and he who could read Greek passed for a sorcerer.
1057. The custom for the lord to lie the first night with the bride of his tenant, was very common in Scotland and the North of England; but it was abrogated by Malcolm III. at the instance of his queen, and a mark was paid to the lord in lieu of it. This custom was called
Marcheta.
The maiden rents paid at Builth, in Radnorshire, are of the same kind. It was common in France, 1280.
1113. The water of the river Medway failed so much, that the smallest boats could not float in the channel: also, the Thames was so low, between the Tower and the bridge, that women and children waded it over; owing to so great an ebb in the ocean, that laid the sands bare several miles from the shore, which continued a whole day.
1114. During this year, several bridges in England, being then of timber, were broken down by the ice, when it thawed, after a severe frost.
1120. One hundred and fifty nobles and the king's son lost at sea, in coming from Normandy.
1140. In the civil wars in Germany, when the emperor Conrade had besieged the town of Weinsberg, the wife of Guelpho, duke of Bavaria, solicited, as an article of capitulation, a safe conduct to her and the other women in the town; which being complied with, each woman took her husband on her back, and so marched out of the place; the emperor was so pleased with the thought, that he entertained them splendidly about his tent.
1160. Thirty German heretics came to England, to propagate their opinions. They said they were Christians, but denied baptism, the Lord's supper, and matrimony; for which they were condemned by a council of bishops at Oxford, and delivered over to the secular arm. Accordingly, they were marked in the forehead with a red-hot iron, whipped and thrust out of doors naked, in the midst of winter, where, none daring to relieve them, an order having been published to the contrary, they died of hunger and cold.
1179. At Christmas, at a place called Oxen-hall, near Darlington, in the bishopric of Durham, the earth raised itself up like a lofty tower, and remained several hours in that posture; on a sudden, it sunk down again, with a horrid noise, and the earth so sucked it in, that it made there a deep pit, which continues to this day. Mr. Camden supposes it to be the wells that are now called Hell-kettles.
1189. The emperor of Germany, the kings of England, France, and Flanders, and vast numbers of all ranks of people took the cross, and ran in shoals to the Holy Land. Another expedition took place in 1204, under the comte de Montfort, when the utmost barbarities were practised: 30,000 heretics, inhabitants of Beziers, were put to the sword; after the taking of Lavaur, the survivors were thrown into the jakes of that city, the throats of 80 gentlemen were cut in cold blood, and 400 heretics were committed to the flames, while the clergy chaunted the hymn to the Holy Ghost.
1201. The custom of ringing a bell before the sacrament, when carried to the sick, that all who heard might bow themselves, instituted.
1250. So great and so extravavant was the ostentation of the French nobility about this time, that when Raymond V. count of Tholouse, held a full court, in order to reconcile two contending powers; the environs of the castle were ploughed and sewed with silver deniers, to the amount of 7500l. of the present sterling money; victuals were dressed by wax lights, and Raymond de Venons caused 30 of his horses to be burnt before the assembly.
1262. The two companies of goldsmiths and taylors of London fought, and several were killed on both sides. The sheriffs appeased the tumult, and thirteen of the most mutinous of them were hanged, as were thirty citizens of Norwich, for quarrelling and fighting with the monks of that city. See Justs.
1267. The king's half brother killed a chief justice in Westminster-hall.
1293. October 14. Baliol, king of Scotland, appeared in Westminster-hall, in person, by summons, to answer a complaint against him, of the earl of Fife, where he pleaded his own cause.
1300. About this time, there was not an absolute prince in Europe.
1309. Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of the king of Bohemia, promised in marriage to the emperor of Germany's son, but whose marriage was delayed, owing to some suspicion of her virginity, came to the Diet at Spire, and there presented herself to the emperor, &c. undressed to her shift, and in a noble speech, offered to undergo an examination by any midwives or matrons his majesty should appoint; insisting on having her innocence cleared. Such an examination took place; the report was, she was innocent, and she was immediately married in the presence of the whole diet.
1315. Perpetual rains and cold weather having not only destroyed the harvest, but produced a mortality among the cattle, the parliament endeavoured to moderate the prices of provisions. The rates established were, of our present money, as follows: for the best ox not corn fed, 2l. 8s. corn fed, 3l. 12s. a fat hog two years old, 10s. a fat wether unshorn, 5s. shorn, 3s. 6d. a fat goose, 7½d. fat capon, 6d. Hen, 3d. two chickens, 3d. four pidgeons, 3d. and twenty-four eggs, 3d.
1327. Raw skins of cattle, suspended on stakes, were made use of, instead of kettles, to boil meat, in the North of England and in Scotland.
1330. The rains were so violent, that the harvest did not begin till Michaelmas. At Christmas, a westerly wind overthrew several houses and public edifices, tore up trees by the roots, and did a vast deal of mischief.
1338. It rained almost continually, from the beginning of October to the beginning of December, and then came a frost upon it, which lasted twelve weeks; yet, though the corn was destroyed by it in a great measure, the war with Scotland made money so scarce, that all sorts of grain were sold at a reasonable rate.
1340. There were 30,000 students in the university of Oxford.
Parliamentary grants to the king were in kind: this year 30,000 sacks of wool were in the grant.
1348. It rained from Midsummer to Christmas, so that there was not one day or night dry together. This wet season caused great floods, and a pestilence, which raged a whole year. The earth was at the same time barren, and even the sea did not produce such plenty of fish as formerly. The mortality was so great, that in the city of London two hundred bodies were buried every day in the Charter-house-yard, besides those interred in other common burying places: this lasted from Candlemas to Easter.
1351. The parliament joined the king in resisting papal encroachments, from motives of interest; thus securing their own presentations to benefices, when they happened to be in lay hands. This sewed the seeds of freedom and independency in the church, and prepared the mind for the Reformation.
1353, was remarkable for the scarcity of corn and provisions in England and France, occasioned by a great drought. It was called the
dear summer;
rye was brought out of Zealand to support the poor, who otherwise must have perished for want of sustenance.
1364. April 8, died at the Savoy, London, John, king of France.
1371. February 22, died at London, David, king of Scotland.
1380. About this time, in France there was a mode of emblazoning apparel. The women wore their husbands' shields on the right side of their gowns, and their own on the left. This fashion lasted near a century.
1381. When Richard IId's first wife came from Bohemia, she had no sooner set foot on shore, than such a tempest immediately arose, as had not been seen in many years. Several ships were dashed in pieces in the harbour, and the ship in which the queen came over, was shattered and broken; which was the more observable, because his second wife brought a storm with her to the English coasts, in which the king's baggage was lost, and many ships of his fleet cast away.
1392. A dolphin was taken near London-bridge ten feet long.
1407. Assassinations so much prevailed among the French and Scots, that the duke of Orleans, only brother of the king of France, was murdered publicly in the streets of Paris, and an eminent lawyer was allowed to plead in behalf of it, before the peers of France, and maintain the lawfulness of assassination. See
anno
1414 below; Orleans, Duke of.
1414. It required all the eloquence and authority of the famous Gerson to prevail on the council of Constance to condemn this proposition,
That there are some cases, in which assassination is a virtue more meritorious in a knight than in an esquire, and more meritorious in a king than in a knight.
See
anno
1407 above.
1422. In the time of Henry VI. the king's palace was surrounded with little barber's shops, which were under the direction of the barber of the household, and the clerk of the ewry. There being then no carriages, and the streets being dirty, it is probable, that those who went to court were first shaved and dressed in these stalls or shops. A considerable see is also given to this barber for shaving every knight of the bath, on his creation, as well as 40s. from every baron, 100s. from every earl, and 10l. from every duke on the like occasion.
1446. There were two unusual combats within lists appointed. The first was by the prior of Kilmain, in Ireland, who impeached the earl of Ormond of high treason, and the place of trial was in Smithfield; but the quarrel was taken up by the king, and so decided without combat. The second was by one John David, an armourer, who impeached his master, William Catur, of treason; but the latter being, with his neighbours, intoxicated with wine, before he came to fight, he was unhappily slain, without any just suspicion of guilt; but the servant lived not long after him; for the next assize, he was hanged for felony.
1453. John Norman, mayor of London, the first that went to be sworn at Westminster-hall by water.
1456. There were taken at Erith, within 12 miles of London, four wonderful fishes,
viz.
two whales, one sword-fish, and one called
Mors Marina.
1467. The people had an extravagant way of adorning their feet. They wore the beaks or peaks of their shoes so long, that they incumbered themselves in their walking, and were forced to tie them up to their knees; the fine gentlemen did theirs with chains of silver, or silver gilt, and others with laces. This ridiculous custom was in vogue ever since the year 1382, but now it was prohibited, on the forfeiture of 20s. and the pain of cursing by the clergy.
The king concluded a league with the king of Castile, by which he allowed certain Cotswold sheep to be transported into Spain, where the breed so increased, that their fine wool has since proved very detrimental to England.
1477. June 16. George Nevil, duke of Bedford, was degraded by act of parliament, and his titles taken from him, for not having sufficient fortune to support the dignity.
1479. Robert Byfield, one of the sheriffs of London, was fined fifty pounds by the court of aldermen, for affronting the lord mayor, which it seems was only by kneeling too near him at prayers, at St. Paul's church.
1486. John Percival drank to by the lord mayor for sheriff, the first time of this method of election.
1492. Pope Alexander VI. who began to reign this year, divided the whole undiscovered world between the kings of Spain and Portugal.
1494. The body of one Alice Hackney, which had been buried 175 years, was accidentally dug up in the church of St. Mary Hill, London; the skin was whole, and the joints of the arms pliable. See
anno
1772.
1505. Philip, king of Castile, in his voyage to Spain, was driven by a storm on the coast of England, where he was detained till he had seer king Henry, which he did, at Windsor.
1508. Sir Thomas More opposed a subsidy, with success, which is the first opposition of this kind in the House of Commons.
About this time, it was customary to give the same title to clergymen not graduates, as we do now to knights, to distinguish them from such as took a master's degree, and were called Master, or Mr. Batchelors of Arts, in the university of Cambridge, have, at this time, the addition of "Sir" prefixed to their sirnames, for the same reason. See Knighthood.
1515. Dec. 14. Francis I. of France, signed the memorable contract with the pope, by which he granted him the first year's income of the bishopricks and other great benefices, and in consequence of this, obtained the right of nomination to them.
1521. Francis I. of France, being wounded in the head, by something thrown from a window, was obliged to cut off his hair, which, till that time, was worn very long, and the beard close shaven; however, willing to gain on one side what he lost on the other, he suffered his beard to grow long; and from thence, it became a fashion to wear the hair short and the beard long, as may be observed in many of our old pictures.
1531. One Roose, for poisoning 17 of the bishop of Rochester's family, two of which died, was, by an act of parliament, made guilty of high treason, and put to death, by being thrown into boiling water.
1540. By the Roman law, persons guilty of high treason might be tried even after death, to punish their heirs, and this practice was now adopted by the Scots; and as it was a maxim, that none could be tried if absent, the corpse or bones were presented at the bar.
1541. The emperor Charles V. in an expedition against Algiers, having landed part of his men, a most dreadful tempest arose, and in less than an hour, 15 ships of war and 140 transports, with 8000 men perished.
1544. Read, alderman of London, was pressed and sent for a common soldier, for refusing to pay an arbitrary benevolence, assessed on the city by Henry VIII; men being never pressed at that time, unless obnoxious to law.
1546. One Foxley, of the mint, slept 14 days and 15 nights, and could not be waked.
1553. During the reign of queen Mary, a woman big with child was burnt at Guernsey, for heresy; when, from the violence of the flames, the infant sprang forth at the stake, and was preserved by the bye-standers; after some deliberation of the priests, who assisted at the sacrifice, they cast it again into the fire as a "young heretic."
1558. By act of parliament, the citizens' wives of London, not being gentlewomen by descent, nor the wives of aldermen, were obliged to wear white knit woollen three-cornered caps, with the peaks projecting three or four inches beyond their foreheads: aldermen's wives made theirs of velvet.
1567. There were found, on enquiry, to be 4851 strangers of all nations in London, of whom 3838 were Flemings, and only 58 Scots.
1571. About this time, the poor encreased so fast, owing to no civil wars of any consequence for a century before, and no drain to the colonies, that a poor man was not suffered to marry till 30, nor a woman till 25 years of age.
1580. Queen Elizabeth issued a proclamation, prohibiting any new houses to be built within three miles of the gates of the city of London.
1581. John Stubbs, of Lincoln's-inn, and one William Page, had their right hands cut off, for publishing a book against queen Elizabeth's marriage with the duke of Anjou.
1585. At this time, any peer might have as many proxies in the House of Lords as he could procure; the earl of Leicester had ten at this time, and the duke of Buckingham, in Charles Ist's time, had, in one parliament, twenty, which occasioned a vote, that no peer should have above two proxies.
1597. One Dominique de Gourges, a private gentleman of Gascony, in France (the Spaniards having massacred a colony of Frenchmen settled at Florida, and declaring, they did not put them to death "as Frenchmen, but Lutherans"), fitted out three ships at his own expence, made a descent at Florida, took three forts, and hung up 800 Spanish soldiers and officers on trees, with this inscription, "not as Spaniards, but as traitors, robbers, and assassins." Queen Elizabeth offered this man the command of her fleet, but he died soon after.
1629. Claude Guillon, a poor gentleman, was beheaded at St. Claude, in Burgundy, for eating a morsel of horse-flesh on a fish day, not being able to buy fish or other meat.
1634. The gentlemen of the four inns of court presented a masque to their majesties at Whitehall.
1649. April 16. The earl of Pembroke was returned for knight of the shire for Bucks,
prima impressionis,
and his lordship was accordingly admitted into the house with great respect.
1649. A very hot summer, with much thunder and lightning, which did great mischief in Guienne, Bourdeaux, and other provinces in France, firing hay ricks, granaries, &c. and destroying harvests. Several members of the parliament of Aix were found dead in their beds, after a tempestuous night of lightning, and the next day, the roof of the house where they assembled fell down, and killed several. The people supposed it to be a judgment on those provinces, for taking arms against their sovereign.
1654. July 11. Don Pantaleon de Sa, one of the Portuguese ambassadors, beheaded, for shooting Mr. Greenaway.
1660. Oct. 10. Ten of the regicides were tried, and executed soon after.
1661. Jan. The carcases of Oliver Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, hanged at Tyburn, buried under the gallows, and their heads set on Westminster hall.
Sept. 3. At a public entry of the Swedish ambassador, happened a rencounter between the French and Spanish ambassadors, for precedency, and many of their retinue were killed on Tower-hill; but the Spanish ambassador's coach at length had the good fortune to get first.
1665. The clergy voluntarily gave up their right of taxing themselves in convocation, which lessened the consequence of convocations.
1679. An act passed, for issuing new writs to elect members, in the room of such as were preferred to any place under government.
About this time, the people had as large a portion of real liberty, as is consistent with a state of society; and sufficient power in their own hands to assert and preserve that liberty, if invaded by the royal prerogative.
1682. Messrs. Pilkington and Shute, sheriffs of London, sent to the Tower, for continuing a poll after the lord mayor had adjourned it.
1683. The lord mayor and sheriffs arrested, at the suit of two pretended sheriffs, April 24.
1686. The bishop of London suspended, for refusing to suspend Dr. Sharp, of St. Giles's, afterwards archbishop of York, at the king's desire.
1688. Mass ordered to be celebrated on board the fleet, which occasioned a tumult, and the priests narrowly escaped being thrown overboard.
1690. Nov. 7. Twelve thousand Irish catholics transported themselves to France.
1707. An island, five miles round, rose in the Archipelago, from the bottom of the sea.
1712. The doctrines of the Jacobite faction were chiefly favoured by those in power.
1716. Aug. 5. Two soldiers were whipped almost to death, and turned out of the service, for wearing boughs in their hats on the 29th of May.
1717. George I. at the request of the university of Cambridge, suppressed the ridiculous custom of burning in effigy the pope, the pretender, the earl of Mar, the devil, and the duke of Ormond.
1719. This year gave birth to a very premature genius at Candiac, in France, John Lewis Candiac, who knew the letters at 13 months old; read latin, either in print or MS. at three years of age; translated it, at four; and at six, read Greek and Hebrew, and was master of the principles of arithmetic, history, geography, heraldry, and the science of medals, and had read the best authors in almost every branch of literature. He died at Paris of a complication of disorders, 1726, aged seven.
1720. Major Johnson, an officer on half pay at Dublin, went into his parlour, gave his two sons (one ten years old, the other twelve) each a pistol, loaded with ball, and ordered them to fire at each other, or he would run them through with his sword; they shot each other dead upon the spot; their mother coming into the room, on the report of the pistols, he stabbed her to the heart, and then himself.
1727. The common council of London entertained at St. James's palace, by George I.
1732. In April, Richard Smith, a bookbinder, prisoner in the King's Bench, persuaded his wife to follow his example, and make away with herself, after they had murdered their infant. They were found hanging in their chamber, and the infant dead in the cradle. They left a paper, intimating they did it to avoid the distresses of life.
Mariners of ships registered in the ports of London were in number 21,797.
1734. Above 100 captives, redeemed from slavery in Morocco by the king's bounty, landed at Whitehall.
1746. The prizes taken from the French and Spaniards, in two years after the commencement of the war in 1744, were estimated at 9,483,000l.
1758. Jan. 31. The Turkish caravan was attacked by the Arabs, and 60,000 persons were killed.
1760. Till this time, there was no such thing as a privy in Madrid: it was customary to throw the ordure out of the window into the street at night, which was removed by scavengers the next day. On an order from the king, that every householder should build one, the people violently opposed it, as an arbitrary proceeding, and the physicians remonstrated against it, alledging, that the filth imbibed the unwholesome particles of the air, which otherwise would be taken into the human body; his majesty, however, prevailed; but many of the citizens, to keep their food wholesome, have erected their privies by the kitchen fire.
1764. At Ashton, Gloucestershire, 16 acres of land, near 20 feet in depth, slipped from the side of Breedon-hill, and entirely covered several pasture grounds at the bottom.
1767. The grand jury of London found a bill against count Guerchy, the French ambassador, for endeavo
ring to persuade M. de Vergy to assassinate the chevalier D'Eon, and though he tried to obtain a
noli prosequi,
the attorney and solicitor general over-ruled it. The chevalier was discovered afterwards to be a woman.
1771. March. The lord mayor and alderman Oliver sent to the Tower by the House of Commons, for committing their messenger.
The Polly, Capt. Walsh, a Guineaman, struck on the bar of Bonny, and was soon afterwards attacked by the negroes. The captain finding he could not save his ship, sent his crew off, shut himself up in his cabin, and when the king of Bonny and all his people were got on board, to the number of 1500 and upwards, he set fire to the powder-room, and thus, Sampson like, at his death, punished the treachery of his assailants.
1772. February. Near Manheim, Germany, a mountain sunk twenty feet below the surface of the surrounding land.
The body of Thomas Beaufort, duke of Exeter, uncle to Henry V. being found in the ruins of the abbey at St. Edmunds Bury, having been buried 345 years, the leaden coffin was opened, and the flesh, hair, toe and hand nails were perfect and sound, as though he had not been dead six hours. On an incision being made in the breast, the flesh cut as firm as in a living subject, and there was even an appearance of blood. See
anno
1494.
June. Trade had nearly received a fatal blow by the failure of several capital houses.
1776. May 10. One Ellen Ellis, of Beaumaris, aged 72, was delivered of a child. She had not had one for 25 years before.
1777. Two clergymen of the church of England, Dr. Dodd and Mr. Russen, were this year hanged at Tyburn: the former, for a forgery; the latter, for a rape. Another was hanged the year following, for murder. See Hackman, Dodd, Russen.
October 1. The first attempt to deliver a woman of an obstructed birth, by cutting the
symphisis,
was made, with success, by Mons. Sigault, surgeon of Paris. This happy mode of delivery in difficult cases being first discovered by him, Dec. 1, 1768.
October 15. General Burgoyne, with an army of 6000 men, being surrounded by 16,000 Americans, near Albany, were obliged to surrender prisoners of war.
1780. The counties in general petitioned parliament, to make a reform in the expenditure of the public money; and established associations, or committees of correspondence, to attempt at lessening the power of the crown.
VULGAR HISTORICAL ERRORS,
In which there is no
TRUTH.
1. THAT surgeons and butchers may be challenged as jurors, on account of the barbarity of their professions. See Surgeons, in Chronology.
2. That the old statutes have prohibited the planting of vineyards, and the use of saw-mills.
3. That it is forbidden to marry in Lent.
4. That it is penal to open a coal-mine, or to kill a crow within five miles of London, or to shoot with a wind-gun, or carry a dark-lanthorn
5. That the king signs the death warrant (as it is called) for the execution of a criminal.
6. That there is a statute, to oblige the owners of asses to crop their ears, lest the length of them should frighten the horses upon the road.
7. That a woman's marrying a man under the gallows, will save him from execution.
8. That such as are born at sea, belong to Stepney parish, London.
9. That any one may be put into the crown office, for the most trifling injury.
10. That a man's taking his wife from the hands of the priest, cloathed only in her shift, when the marriage ceremony is performing, exempts him from being liable to her engagements.
11. That there was no land-tax before William III.
12. That a negro, being baptized, becomes immediately free.
A CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF EMINENT PERSONS.
[
For such persons whose
NAMES
cannot be found here, look in
VOLUME I.]
A.
AALST, Everard, Dutch painter (fruit and flowers), born, 1602; died, 1658.
Aaron born, 1575; died, 1453 before Christ.
Abbot, archbishop of Canterbury, shooting at a buck, at Bramshill Park, Hampshire, accidentally killed the keeper, for which he was deemed incapable of any longer performing the functions of a bishop, 1621, died August 3, 1633, aged 71.
Abdalla, son of Omar, flourished, 625.
Abel born, in the third year of the world; killed by Cain, 129, ditto, 3874 before Christ.
Abelard, Peter, died, 1143, aged 62.
Abernethy, John, the dissenting minister, died, 1740, aged 60.
Abu Bekr, Mahomet's successor, died, 634, aged 63.
Abulfeda, prince and geographer, died, 1345, aged 72.
Accius, the poet, flourished, 143 before Christ.
Achilles, the Grecian general, died, 1184 before Christ.
Adam created, Friday, October 28, 4004; died, 3034 before Christ, aged 930.
Addison, Joseph, born, 1671, died, June 17, 1719.
Ado, the historian, died, 874.
Agamemnon, the Grecian general, died, after 904 before Christ.
Agathias, the Greek historian, flourished, 565.
Agesilaus, king of Sparta, 400; died, 360 before Christ.
Agis IV. king of Lacedemon, put to death, 241 before Christ.
Agricola, the Roman general, died in 93, aged 56.
Agricola, Rod. died, 1485, aged 43.
Agrippa, king of Judea, died in 44, aged 54, having reigned 24 years.
Agrippa, Cornelius, the writer, died, 1534, aged 48.
Ahab killed at Ramoth Gilead, 897 before Christ.
Ahaz died, 726 before Christ.
Ajax, son of Teucer, flourished, 1154 before Christ.
Ajax, son of Telamon, flourished, 1149 before Christ.
Akenside, Dr. Mark, died, June 23, 1770, aged 35.
Alban, St. the first English martyr, suffered, 286.
Albani, Francis, Italian painter, died, 1660, aged 82.
Alberoni, Cardinal, prime minister of Spain, died, 1752, aged 88.
Albertus Magnus, archbishop of Ratisbon, born, 1205; died, 1280.
Albinus, the anatomist, died, 198.
Albumazer, the Arabian astrologer, flourished, 841.
Alceus, the lyric poet, flourished, 607 before Christ.
Alceus, the tragic poet, flourished, 378.
Alcibiades, Athenian general, died, 404 before Christ, aged 46.
Alcman, the Greek lyric poet, flourished, 672 before Christ.
Alexander
ab Alexandro,
a civilian of Venice, flourished, about 1475.
Alexander the Great born, 356; succeeded Philip, 336; defeated Darius at the river Granicus, when all lower Asia submitted to him, 334; founded the Grecian empire, 331; died at Babylon, March 21, 323 before Christ, aged 32. See Amazons.
Alphonsus X. king of Castile, author of the Alfonsine tables, died, 1284, aged 67.
Alva, Duke of, governor of the Low Countries, died, 1582, aged 74.
Ambrose, St. born, 333; made bishop of Milan, 374; died, 397.
Ambrosius Aurelius chosen king of the Britons, 465; crowned at Stonehenge; died, 508.
Amos began to prophesy, 787 before Christ, in the 37th year of Jeroboam II. king of Israel.
Amphion. See Linus.
Amyot, bishop of Auxerre, born, 1514; died, 1595.
Anacharsis, Scythian philosopher, lived, about 554 before Christ.
Anacreon, the Greek poet, died, 474 before Christ, aged 85.
Anastasius I. emperor of the East, died, 518, aged 87.
Anaxagoras, the Rhodian philosopher, died, 428 before Christ, aged 70.
Anaxandrides, the comic poet, flourished, 378 before Christ.
Anaxarchus, the Greek philosopher, flourished, 340 before Christ.
Anaximander, the Greek philosopher, died, 547 before Christ, aged 64.
Anaximenes, the Greek philosopher, lived, about 556 before Christ.
André, Major, hanged by the Americans, charged with being a spy, Oct. 2. 1780.
Andrew, St. martyred, Nov. 30, 69; festival instituted, 359.
Andrews, bishop of Winton, born, about 1555; died, 1626.
Andrews, St. archbishop of, hanged at Stirling, 1571.
Andronicus, peripatetic philosopher, flourished, 100 before Christ.
Angelo, Michael, Italian painter, died, 1564, aged 89.
Anhault, Rev. George, prince of, born, 1507; died, 1557.
Anna Comnena, daughter of Alexius, emperor of Constantinople, and authoress, born, 1083; died, after 1118.
Annibal, senior, Carthagenian general, died, 404 before Christ. See Hannibal.
Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury, died, 1109, aged 76.
Anson, Admiral lord, died, 1762.
Anthony, Marc, the Roman general, died, 30 before Christ, aged 53.
Anthony, St the Great, institutor of the monastic life, died in a desart, Feb. 14, 356, aged 105. See Monkery.
Antipater, the general, died, 319 before Christ.
Antisthenes, the Greek philosopher, lived, 395 before Christ.
Antoninus. See Caracalla.
Antonius, Marc, the Roman orator, died, 87 before Christ, aged 56. See Octavia.
Antony, of Messina, the first Italian who painted in oil, died, about 1493.
Anvari, the Persian poet, died, 1201.
Apelles, the chief of a sect called Apellites, appeared, 175. He was a disciple of Marcion, and taught, that Christ's body was made up of all the heavens, through which he passed, and which he returned at his ascension.
Apelles, the Greek painter, flourished, 334 before Christ.
Apollinarius, the heresiarch, bishop of Laodicea, flourished, 370. He taught, that the godhead and manhood in Christ were so united, that his divinity suffered on the cross, equally with his body.
Apollodorus, of Damas, the architect, flourished, 104.
Apollonius, the geometrician, lived, 242 before Christ.
Appian, the Roman historian, flourished, in 143.
Apuleius, of Medaura, the Platonic philosopher, flourished, about 200.
Aquapendente, the Italian physician, died, 1603.
Aquila, who translated the Old Testament into Greek, flourished, 128.
Aquinas, St. Thomas, the divine, died, 1274, aged 50.
Aratus, the Greek poet, flourished, 278 before Christ.
Arbuthnot, Dr. born, 1681; died, 1735.
Arcesilaus, the academic, died, 300 before Christ, aged 75.
Archelaus, king of Macedon, patron of learning, 913 before Christ.
Archias, the Greek poet, flourished, about 60 before Christ.
Archilochus, the Greek poet, inventor of Iambic verse, flourished, 686 before Christ.
Archimedes, of Syracuse, the mathematician, killed, 212 before Christ.
Aretin, Leonard, the Italian historian, died, 1443, aged 74.
Aretine, Peter, the satyrist, of Arezzo, died, 1556, aged 65.
Arion, the Greek musician, flourished, 620 before Christ.
Ariosto, the Italian poet, born, 1474; died, 1533.
Aristarchus, the tragic poet, alive, 453 before Christ, aged 100.
Aristarchus, the astronomer, died, about 280 before Christ, aged 81.
Aristaenetus, the Greek author, flourished, about 358.
Aristeus, the Greek poet, flourished, about 556 before Christ.
Aristides, the Athenian general, lived, 488 before Christ.
Aristides, the Greek orator, flourished, about 120.
Aristippus, the Cyrenian philosopher, flourished, 392 before Christ.
Aristonicus strangled at Rome, by order of the senate, 126 before Christ.
Aristophanes, the Greek actor, died, 200 before Christ, aged 80.
Aristotle, prince of philosophers, died at Chalcide, 322 before Christ, aged 63.
Arius. See Arians, Vol. I.
Arminius, a Dutch divine, died, 1608. From him the Arminians took their name.
Armstrong, John, M. D. the poet, died, Sept. 30, 1779.
Arne, Mich. Mus. Dect. died, March 5, 1778, in years.
Arnobius, the rhetorician, flourished, 303.
Arrian, the Roman historian, flourished, 150.
Arfaces I. king of the Parthians, who rescued Parthia from the Macedonian yoke, died, 245 before Christ. See Artabanus, Parthia.
Artabanus IV. last king of the Parthians, conquered by Artaxerxes; died, 229.
Artaxerxes, first king of Persia, 229; died, 229 before Christ.
Artemidorus, who wrote on auguries, flourished, 146 before Christ.
Artemisia, queen of Caria, who built the mausoleum, a tomb to the memory of her husband Mausolus, flourished, 480 before Christ.
Arthur, king of Britain, died, 542, aged 70. See Salute, Vol. I.
Arviragus, a British king, flourished, in 80.
Asaph, St. died, 590.
Ascham, the commonwealth's envoy at Madrid, murdered by the banished royalists, 1655.
Ascham, Roger, secretary to Mary and Elizabeth, born, about 1515; died 1568.
Ashmole, Elias, the antiquarian, born, 1617; died, 1692.
Aspasia flourished at Athens, 448 before Christ.
Astruc, John, the French physician, born, 1684; died, 1766.
Athanasius, St. the first christian clergyman, made bishop of Alexandria, 326; died, May 2, 373, aged 73. See Monkery, St. George.
Athaeneus, of Naucrates, the critic, flourished, 190.
Athenagoras, the Athenian philosopher, flourished, about 177.
Atherton, bishop of Waterford, hanged at Dublin, for bestiality, Dec. 5, 1640, aged 42.
Atkins, Sir Robert, chief baron, and writer, died, 1709, aged 88.
Atterbury, bishop of Rochester, banished, for conspiring, with the Pretender, against George I. June 18, 1723; died, 1732, aged 69.
Aubrey, John, the antiquary, born, 1626; died, about 1700.
Augustin, St. father of the Latin church, born, 354; baptised, 387; died, 431.
Augustus, king of Poland, died, 1733.
Aulus Gellius, the Latin gramarian, flourished, 112.
Aurengz
be, the Great Mogul, died, 1707, aged 90.
Ausonius, the Latin poet, died, after 392.
B.
BACCHUS was one of the earliest improvers of husbandry in India, and as such, deified, about 1600 before Christ. See Wine.
Bacchylides, the Greek poet, died, 480 before Christ.
Bacon, Roger, called Friar, the astronomer, born, 1214; died, 1292; his study at Oxford built in Stephen's reign.
Bacon, Sir Francis, lord chancellor, sent to the Tower, on a charge of bribery, 1622; died, April 9, 1626, aged 66.
Bajazet defeated by Tamerlane, 1402; died, 1403. See Constantinople, Vol. I.
Baker, Sir Richard, author of the Chronicle, born, 1584; died, 1645.
Balbinus. See Maximus.
Balchen, Admiral, cast away in the Victory, October, 1744. A thousand persons perished with him.
Baldwin, emperor of the East, died, 1206.
Bale, bishop of Ossory, the historian, born, 1495; died, 1563.
Balsamon, canon law writer, died, 1214.
Baltzar, Thomas, the musician, flourished, 1658.
Balzac, French writer, born, 1594; died, 1654.
Bancroft, a Lord-mayor's officer, died worth 30,000l. 1729, which is, by his will, disposed of to charitable uses by the Draper's company.
Barbarossa, the famous corsair, flourished, 1535.
Barclay, John, polite writer, died, 1621, aged 37.
Barclay, Robert, the quaker, born, 1648; died, 1690.
Bardesanes, the Syrian heresiarch, a disciple of Valentin, who added new errors, appeared, 163.
Barnabas, St. stoned, about 50.
Barnard, Sir John, Lord-mayor of London, 1738; died, 1764, aged 80.
Barocci, of Urbin, history painter, born, 1528; died, 1612.
Baronius, Cardinal, died, 1607, aged 69.
Barrow, Rev. Dr. Isaac, died, 1677, aged 46.
Barthius, Gaspar, a learned writer, born in Saxony, 1587; died, 1658.
Bartholemew, St. martyred, August 24, 71; feast instituted, 1130.
Bartolomeo, Dutch painter (landscapes and animals), born, 1620; died, 1660.
Bartolomeo, French painter, born, 1469; died, 1517.
Basil, St. founded his order, 354; died, 378, aged 51.
Basilides, the heresiarch, appeared, 105, who taught, that there were 365 heavens peopled by God; that Christ had not a real body, and was not really crucified.
Basilius. See Bulgarians.
Bassano, Italian painter (landscapes and animals), born, 1510; died, 1592.
Bautru, William, French writer, born, 1588; died, 1665.
Baxter, Reverend Richard, born, 1615; died, 1691.
Baxter, William, the grammarian, born, 1650; died, 1723.
Bayard, Chevalier, a French general, slain in battle, 1524, aged 48.
Bayer, the mathematician, died, 1627.
Bayle, Peter, author of the dictionary, died, 1706, aged 59.
Beamont, Francis, dramatic writer, born, 1585; died, 1615; Sir John, the poet, his brother, died, 1628, aged 35.
Beaton, Cardinal, archbishop of St. Andrews, murdered by the disciples of Wishart, whom the cardinal had condemned to the flames for heresy, May 28, 1546.
Bede, the historian, died, 735, aged 70.
Bedford, Duke of, regent and uncle to Henry VI. died at Rouen, Sept. 14, 1435.
Bedford, J. duke of, died, 1771.
Behmen, Jacob, the visionary, born in Germany, 1575; died, 1624.
Behn, Aphara, the poetess, died, 1689.
Bek, the Dutch portrait painter, died, 1656.
Belidor, of Catalonia, military writer, died, 1765, aged 70.
Bellai, Cardinal du, died, 1560.
Bellarmin, Cardinal, born in Italy, 1542; died, 1621.
Belleau, the French poet, born, 1528; died, 1577.
Belleisle, Marshal, and his brother, brought prisoners to Windsor castle, 1745. The marshal died, 1761, aged 78.
Bellin, the Italian painter, born, 1421; died, 1501.
Bellisarius, the general, deprived of all his dignities, and imprisoned by the emperor Justinian, for conspiring against his life, 561; died, 565.
Bembo, cardinal of Venice, the historian, died, 1547, aged 68.
Benedict XIV. Pope, a voluminous writer, born, 1675; died, 1758.
Benedict, St. founder of the Benedictines, died, 546, aged 66; the order instituted, 548.
Bennari, Genedetto, Italian painter, born, 1597; died, 1667.
Benoit, Elias, French historical writer, born, 1640; died, 1728.
Benserades, the French poet, born, 1612; died, 1691.
Bentivoglio, Cardinal, Italian historian, died, 1644, aged 65.
Bentley, Reverend Dr. Richard, the critic, born, 1662; died, 1742.
Berenger, a French divine, died, 1088, aged 90. See Sacramentarians.
Berille bishop of Bosra, in Arabia, an heresiarch, who denied the divinity of Christ, flourished, 241.
Berkeley, bishop of Cloyne, died, 1753, aged 73. See Tar Water
Berkenhead, Sir John, political writer, born, 1615; died, 1679.
Bernard, St. a Latin writer, died, 1153, aged 62.
Bernard, Reverend Dr. Edward, the astronomer, born, 1638; died, 1696.
Beroseus, the Chaldean historian, flourished, 268 before Christ.
Bertin, Nich. French painter, born, 1664; died, 1736.
Betterton, the player, born, 1635; died, 1710. See Theatre, Vol. I.
Beveridge, bishop of St. Asaph, the antiquarian, born, 1638; died, 1707.
Beza, Theod. who translated the Testament, born at Vezelai, 1519; died, 1605.
Biddle, John, the Socinian writer, born, 1615; died, 1662.
Bidloo, the Dutch anatomist, born, 1649; died, 1713.
Birch, Reverend Dr. learned writer, killed by a fall from his horse, 1768, aged 78.
Blackmore, Sir Richard, physician and poet, died in years, 1729.
Blackstone, Sir William, judge, died, Feb. 14, 1780.
Blaize, Bishop, patron of the woolcombers, having invented the card for combing of wool, suffered martyrdom in the reign of Dioclesian.
Blake, Admiral, born, 1598; died, 1657.
Blanchard, French painter, born, 1600; died, 1638.
Bloemart, Dutch painter, born, 1567; died, 1647.
Blois, Peter, the historian, died, 1200.
Blount, Sir Thomas Pope, born, 1649; died, 1697.
Blow, John, the musician, born, 1648; died, 1708.
Boccace, Italian poet, born, 1313; died, 1375.
Boerhave, Dr. Dutch physician, died, September 23, 1738, aged 69.
Boetius, Roman poet, beheaded, 524.
Boileau, French poet, born, 1630; died, 1712.
Bolingbroke, Lord, the author, died, 1751, aged 73.
Bolonese, Italian painter, born, 1606; died, 1680.
Bonarelli, Italian poet, born, 1563; died, 1608.
Booth, Barton, the player, born, 1682; died, May, 1733.
Borgia, Caesar (the bastard son of pope Alexander VI.), whose whole life was a scene of villainy, killed, March 12, 1508.
Borlase, Edmund, historical writer, died, after 1682.
Boscawen, Admiral, died, 1761.
Bossu, René le, French writer, died, 1680.
Bossuet, bishop of Meaux, born, 1627; died, 1704.
Both, Dutch painter (landscapes and animals), born, 1600; died, 1650.
Bouchard, bishop of Worms, died, 1022; one of the most learned prelates of his time: his worldly effects consisted only of a hair shirt, an iron chain, which served him for a belt, and three deniers in money.
Boufflers, Lewis, marshal de, died, 1711, aged 67.
Bourdeloue, Lewis, French preacher and writer, born, 1632; died, 1704.
Bourdon, Sebastian, French painter, born, 1616; died, 1671.
Bourignon, Mad. the enthufiast, born, 1616; died, 1680.
Boursalt, Edmé, French dramatist, born, 1638; died 1701.
Bowmaker, the Scotch historian, flourished, 1415.
Boyer, the lexicographer, born, 1664; died, 1729.
Boyle, Charles, earl of Orrery, writer and statesman, born, 1676; died, 1731. See Orrery.
Boyle, John, earl of Orrery, critic and poet, born, 1707; died, 1762.
Boyle, Richard, earl of Cork, born, 1566; died, after 1643; Roger, his fifth son, first earl of Orrery, soldier and writer, born, 1621; died, 1679; Robert, his seventh son, the mathematician, born, 1627; died, 1691.
Braccelli, Genoese historian, flourished, 1435.
B
ddock, General, killed at Du Quesne, July 9, 1755.
Brady, Reverend Dr. Nicholas, born, 1659; died, 1726.
B
e, Tycho, the Danish astronomer, born, 1546; died, 16
1.
B
y, Reverend Dr. Thomas, born, 1656; died, 1741.
B
rewood, Edward, the mathematician, born, 1565; died, 1613.
B
gel, Peter, Dutch painter (rural sports), born, 1505; died, after 1576; John, his son, painter (
dscape.), born, 1575; died, 1642.
B
l, James de, French historian, born, 1528; died, 1614.
Brewer, Anthony, dram. poet, flourished, in the reign of Charles the First.
Brooke, Sir Robert, law writer, died, 1558.
Brooke, Fulke Greville, lord, stabbed by an old servant, September 30, 1628, aged about 70; he having shewn this servant his will, and not leaving him a legacy therein.
Brown, Rev. Dr. political writer, killed himself, Sept. 23, 1766, aged 50.
Brown, Robert, founder of the Brownists, 1580; died, 1630, aged 80.
Brown, Thomas, humorous writer, died, 1704.
Brown, William, the poet, born, 1590; died, 1645.
Browne, Sir Thomas, a learned writer, born, 1605; died, 1682.
Brouwr, the Dutch painter (rural sports), born, 1608; died, 1638.
Brun, Charles le, French history painter, born, 1618; died, 1691.
Brutus, Lucius Junius, slain, 509 before Christ.
Brutus, Marcus Junius, who slew Caesar, killed at his own request, by his friend Strato, 24 before Christ, aged 43.
Bruyere, French writer, died, 1696, aged 56.
Bucer, Martin, the reformer, born, 1491; died, 1551.
Buchannan, George, Scots historian, born, 1506; died, 1582.
Buck, Sir George, the antiquarian, flourished, 1612.
Buckingham, George Villiers, duke of, the poet, born, 1627; died, 1688.
Buckingham, John Sheffield, duke of, writer and statesman, born, 1649; died, Feb. 24, 1721.
Buckland, Ralph, died, 1612.
Budaeus, William, a learned writer, born at Paris. 1476; died, 1540.
Budgell, Eustace, polite writer, born, about 168
; drowned himself, 1736.
Bunyan, John, author of Pilgrim's Progress, born, 1628; died, 1688.
Burkitt, Reverend William, the commentator, born, 1650; died, 1703.
Burleigh, Capt. murdered at Winton, Feb. 10, 1648.
Burleigh, or Burghley, Cecil, lord, the statesman, born, 1521; died, 1
98.
Burnet, bishop of Sarum, born, 1643; died, 1715.
Busby, Rev. Dr. Richard, born, 1606; died, 1695.
Butler, Samuel, author of Hudibras, born, 1612; died, 1680.
Byng, Admiral George, shot at Spithead (for not engaging the French flee
), March 14, 1757.
Byrom, John, the poet, born, 1691; died, 1763.
C.
CADMUS, first king of Thebes, 1094 before Christ.
Cadmus Milesius, first Greek historian in prose, flourished under Cyrus, 544 before Christ.
Caietano, Scipio, co-temporary with Raphael, died, 1534.
Caligula, the Roman emperor, died, 41, aged 29.
Callari, Gabriel, Italian painter, born, 1568; died, 1631.
Callimachus, the Greek architect, inventor of the Corinthian order, flourished, 540 before Christ.
Callimachus, the Greek poet, died, 244 before Christ.
Callisthenes, the philosopher, died, 328 before Christ.
Calli
tus, the historian, died, 1327.
Callot, James, French engraver, born, 1593; died, 1635.
Calmet, the learned French Benedictine, died, Oct. 25, 1757, aged 86.
Calprenede, French writer, died, 1663.
Calvin, John, the reformer, and leader of the Calvinists, who hold the same doctrine with the Prespyterians; he died at Geneva, May 27, 1554, aged 45.
Cambray, Fenelon, archbp. of, died, 1716, aged 64.
Camden, the historian, died, Nov. 9, 1623, aged 72.
Camoens, Portuguese poet, died, 1579, aged 50.
Campanella, Thomas, the Italian philosopher, born, 1568; died, 1639.
Candaules, king of Lydia, 735 before Christ.
Cantacuzenus, emperor of Constantinople, and learned historian, crowned, 1342; died, 1411, aged upwards of 100.
Capriari, the Genoese historian, died, 1646.
Caracalla,
alias
Antoninus, assassinated, 217, aged 43.
Caracci, Annib. Italian painter (hist. and portraits), died, 1609, aged 40.
Caracci, Antonio, the painter, died, 1618, aged 35.
Caracci, Augustino, Bolognese painter, born, 1557, died, 1602.
Caracci, Ludovico, Bolognese history painter, died, 1619, aged 64.
Caractacus, general of the Britons, defeated in Wales, by Ostorius, a Roman general, and carried in Chains to Rome, 50.
Caradoc, the Welch historian, died, after 1157.
Caranus, first king of Macedon, 814 before Christ.
Carausius born at St. Davids; declared here emperor of Rome 288; killed, May, 295.
Caravaggio, Polidoro de, Italian painter, born, 1495; died, 1543.
Caravaggio, Italian painter, died, 1609, aged 40.
Cardan J
rom, physician, and whimsical writer, born at Paris, 1501; died, 1575.
Carew, Thomas, the poet, died, 1639.
Carinus, Roman emperor, murdered by a tribune, May, 285.
C
rlone, Genoese history painter, died, 1630.
C
des, the Greek philosopher, died, 128 before Christ, aged 85.
Ca
pocrates, the heresiarch, appeared, 125. He adopted the principles of Semin Magus, and the Nicolaites.
Carte, Thomas, English historian to 1654, born, 16
6; died, 1724.
Cartwright, William, the poet, born, 1611; died, 1644.
Cary, Robert, universal chronologist to 1677; died, 1688.
Cassander, king of Macedon, flourished, 298 before Christ.
Cassandra flourished, 1149 before Christ.
Casaubon, Isa
, the critic, born at Geneva, 1559; died in London, 1614; Merric, his son, born, 1599; died, 1671.
Casimir III. king of Poland, died, 1370, aged 60.
Cassini, the astronomer, born at Piedmont, 1625; died, 1712.
Castagno, Tuscan painter, born, 1410; died, 1480.
Castelvetro, Lewis, the critic, born at Modena, 1505; died, 1571.
Castiglione, Benedict, Italian painter, born, 1616; died, 1670.
Cato killed himself, February 5, 45 before Christ, aged 48.
Catullus, Latin poet, born at Verona, 87; died, 11 before Christ.
Caxton, William, first English printer, died, 1494, aged 82.
Cazes, French painter, born, 1676; died, 1754.
Cecrops, first king of Athens, 1556 before Christ. See Athens, Areopagus.
Celsus, the physician, flourished, 20.
Centlivre, Susan, dram. writer, died, December 1, 1723.
Ceres, the heathen goddess of plenty, flourished, 1030 before Christ.
Cervantes, Michael de, Spanish writer, baptized at Alcala of Henares, Oct. 9, 1547; died, April 23, 1616.
Cesar. See Julius, Vol. I.
Chambers, Ephraim, author of the dictionary, died, 1740.
Chapman, George, the poet, born, 1557; died, 1633.
Chares of Lindus, sculptor, who erected the Colossus at Rhodes, flourished, 288 before Christ. See Rhodes.
Charles XII. of Sweden, killed in battle, 1718, aged 36.
Charron, Pierre, French writer, born, 1541; died, 1603.
Chartres, Colonel, convicted of a rape, 1730.
Chatham, William, earl of, born, Nov. 15, 1708; died, May 11, 1778.
Chatterton, Thomas, the poet, an extraordinary genius, born at Bristol, Nov. 1752; poisoned himself, August 24, 1770.
Chaucer, the poet, born, 1328; comptroller of the port of London, 1399; died, 1400.
Cheke, Sir John, Latin writer, born, 1514; made Greek professor at Cambridge, 1540; died, 1557.
Cherilus, the Greek poet, flourished, 479 before Christ.
Chesterfield, Philip, earl of, political writer, born, 1695; died, 1774.
Chiabrera, the Italian poet, born, 1552; died, 1638.
Chillingworth, Rev. William, controversial writer, born, 1602; died, 1644.
Chilo, one of the seven sages of Greece, flourished, 556 before Christ.
Chiras, the chemist, flourished, 1680.
Christopher, St. suffered martyrdom, 254.
Chrysippus, the Stoic philosopher, died, 207 before Christ, aged 73.
Chrysostom, St. made archbishop of Constantinople, 398; banished, 404; died, Sept. 14, 407, aged 53.
Chubb, Thomas, polemical writer, born, 1679; died, 1747.
Chudleigh, Lady Mary, the poetess, born, 1656; died, 1710.
Churchhill, Reverend Charles, the satyrist, born, 1731; died, 1764.
Churchyard, Thomas, the poet, died, about 1570.
Cibber, Colley, the laureat, born, 1671; died, 1757.
Cibber, Mrs. the actress, died, 1766, aged 57.
Cicero born, 107; made an oration against Verres, 70; made his second oration against the Agrarian law, 65; banished Rome, April, 58; assassinated, 43 before Christ.
Cignani, Car. Italian history painter, born, 1628; died, 1719.
Cimabue, Italian painter, died, 1300, aged 69.
Cimon, the Athenian general, died, 449 before Christ, aged 51.
Cincinnatus Quinctius made dictator of Rome, from the plough, born, 485; died, 376 before Christ.
Cinna, the Roman consul, murdered, 84 before Christ.
Cinnamus, Greek historian of the Eastern empire, from 1118 to 1143; died, after 1183.
Clarendon, Hyde, earl of, lord chancellor, the historian, banished for mal-administration, November 12, 1667; died, Dec. 7, 1674.
Clarke, Reverend Dr. Samuel, polemical writer, born, 1675; died, 1729.
Claude of Lorraine, landscape painter, born, 1600; died, 1682.
Claudian, the Latin poet, born at Alexandria, about 395.
Cleanthes, the Stoic philosopher, died, 240 before Christ, aged 99.
Clearchus, the Greek historian, flourished, 323 before Christ.
Clemens Alexandrinus, father of the church, flourished, 192.
Clemens Romanus, father of the church, cotemporary with St. Paul, martyred, 100.
Cleomedes, Greek mathematician, flourished, 540 before Christ.
Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, 50; killed herself, 30 before Christ, aged 41.
Cleophontes, painter of Corinth, flourished, 654 before Christ.
Clerc, Sebastian le, French engraver, died, 1724.
Clerc, John le, Dutch philosopher, died, 1736, aged 79.
Clive, Robert, lord, killed himself, Nov. 1774.
Cobham. See Oldcastle.
Cockburne, Catherine, the writer, died, May 11, 1749.
Codrington, Christopher, writer, and founder of All Souls library, Oxon, born at Barbadoes, 1668; died, 1701.
Codrus, the last Athenian king, voluntarily gave his life for the good of his country, after reigning 21 years, 1095 before Christ.
Cohorn, the Dutch engineer, born, 1632; died, 1704.
Cokaine, Sir Aston, born, 1608; died, 1683.
Coke, Lord chief justice, born, 1549; died, 1634.
Coles, Elisha, the grammarian, born, 1640; died, 1680.
Colet, Dr. John, founder of St. Paul's school, born, 1466; died, 1519.
Coligny, Admiral de, of France, born, 1516; wounded treacherously, August 22, 1572; killed at the massacre of Paris the same year. Which see.
Collier, Jeremy, the historian, born, 1650; died, 1726.
Coluthus, the Greek poet, flourished, about 518.
Commandine, Frederic, the mathematician, born at Urbino, 1509; died, 1575.
Commines, philosopher of Flanders, died, 1509, aged 63.
Commodus, Roman emperor, wounded by an assassin, 183; murdered, Dec. 31, 192.
Conca, Sebastian, Italian painter, born, 1676; died, 1764.
Condé, The great prince of, killed in cold blood, after the battle of Jarnac, 1569, aged 39: Henry, his son, poisoned at St. John D'Angeli, 1588, aged 35.
Confucius, Chinese philosopher, born, 551; died, 479 before Christ.
Congreve, William, dram. author, born, 1672; died, 1729.
Conon, of Samos, Greek historian, flourished 300 before Christ.
Constantin, tyrant of Gaul, died, 411.
Constantine the Great born, some say, at York, 274; was the first christian emperor, and died at Constantinople, 337. See Maxentius, Constantinople.
Constantius, emperor of Rome, died at York, 360.
Copernicus, of Thorn, Prussia, died, 1543, aged 60.
Corelli, the musician, died, 1733.
Coriolanus, the Roman general, banished from Rome, 491 before Christ.
Corlobasus, the heresiarch, flourished, 150. He was a disciple of Valentin, and added to the doctrine of his master.
Cornaro, Lewis, the writer, died at Padua, 1565, aged above 100.
Corneille, Peter, the French poet, died, 1684, aged 78; Thomas, his brother, died, 1709.
Cornelius Nepos, Latin historian, died, about 25 before Christ.
Cornish, Alderman, executed, on a charge of conspiring, with Russel, against Charles II. Oct. 23, 1685.
Cornwall, Richard, earl of, elected king of the Romans, 1255; died, 1272.
Corregio, ceiling painter, born, 1472; died, 1513.
Cortes, Fer. died, 1547, aged 62. See Montezuma.
Cortona, Pet. da, Italian painter, born, 1596; died, 1699.
Coryate, Thomas, the traveller, born, 1577; died, 1617.
Cotton, Sir Robert, the antiquarian, died, 1631, aged 60.
Cowley, Abraham, the poet, born, 1618; died, 1667.
Cranmer, archbishop of Canterbury, burnt for heresy, March 21, 1557.
Cratinus, the comic poet, died, 431 before Christ.
Cratippus, of Mytelene, peripatetic philosopher, flourished, 53 before Christ.
Creech, Rev. Thomas, the poet, born, 1659; killed himself, 1701.
Cremonen, Nic. Amatus, violin maker, flourished, 1624.
Crichton, James, born at Clunie, 1551; killed at Mantua, 1583.
Croesus, king of Lydia, 562 before Christ. See Lydia, Vol. I.
Croxal, Rev. Dr. Samuel, died in years, 1751.
Ctesias, the Greek historian, died, after 384 before Christ.
Cudworth, Rev. Ralph, learned writer, born, 1617; died, 688.
Cujas, James, French civilian, born, 1520; died, 1590.
Cumberland, Prince William, duke of, died, September 30, 1765, aged 45.
Curtius, M. rode into a gulph at Rome, 362 before Christ.
Curtius, Quintus, the Latin historian, lived in 64.
Cyprian, St. bishop of Carthage, a father of the church, martyred, 258.
Cyril, patriarch of Jerusalem, died, 386.
Cyril, patriarch of Alexandria, died, 444.
Cyrus I. founder of the Persian empire, took Babylon, 544; died, 529 before Christ.
D.
D'ABLANCOURT, French writer, born, 1606; died, 1664.
Dacier, Madame, French writer, born, 1651; died, 1720.
Dacres, Lord, hanged for murder, 1541.
Daedalus. See Statuary, Vol. I.
Danchet, the French poet, born, 1671; died, 1748.
Danckerts, a Dutch painter, born, 1561; died, 1634.
D'Ancre, Marshall, killed by the mob in France, 1617.
Daniel, Father, the French historian, born, 1649; died, 1728.
Dante, Italian poet, born, 1265; died, 1321.
Darius, the last king of the Persian empire, slain, 330 before Christ. See Alexander.
D'Arpino, Gios. Italian painter, born, 1570; died, 1640.
D'Aubigné, French writer, born, 1550; died, 1630.
Daurat, the French poet, born, about 1507; died, 1588.
Davenant, Sir William, the poet, died, Dec. 1668, aged 62; Charles, his son, a commercial writer, born, 1656; died, 1714.
David, St. alive in 577.
Davies, Sir John, lawyer and poet, died, 1626; aged 56.
Day, John, the printer, who first introduced into England the Greek and Saxon characters, died, 1584.
Death, captain of the Terrible privateer, killed in an engagement with a French vessel, Dec. 23, 1757.
De Champagne, Philip, the painter, born at Brussels, 1602; died, 1674.
Decker, Thomas, cotemporary with Ben Johnson.
Defoe, Daniel, the writer, died, 1731.
De la Fosse, French painter, born, 1640; died, 1719.
Delius, the architect, flourished, 987 before Christ.
Demetrius Phalareus, governor of Athens, 317; died in prison, 294 before Christ.
Democritus, the Thracian philosopher, died, 361 before Christ, aged 109.
Dem
ivre, the French mathematician, died in England, 1754.
Demosthenes, the Athenian orator, recalled from banishment, 322; poisoned himself, 313 before Christ, aged 60.
Denham, Sir John, the poet, born, 1615; died, 166
.
Dennis, John, the critic, born, 1656; died, 1733.
Derham, Rev. Dr. William, the philosopher, born, 1657; died, April 1735.
Deri
g, Sir Cholm. killed in a duel with Mr. Thornhill, May 9, 1711.
Desaguliers, the philosophical writer, died, 1749.
Descartes, the mathematician, born at Touraine, 1596; died, 1650.
D'Ewes, Sir Symonds, the antiquary, born, 1602; died, 1650.
Diagoras, the Melian, condemned at Athens for atheism, 414 before Christ.
Didius Julianus, Roman emperor, purchased the empire by auction of the Praetorian guards, Apr. 13, 193; beheaded by order of the senate, June 21, following.
Dido flourished, 1183 before Christ.
Digby, Sir Kenelm, philosophical writer, born, 1603; died, 1665.
Diocletian, born of servile parents, 245; was the first Roman emperor that assumed kingly state, 303. Till this time, the emperor was little more than the first of the senate. He was the first prince that resigned his empire, May 1, 305; died, 313.
Diodorus, Sic
lus, the historian, lived, 45 before Christ.
Diogenes, the cynic, died, 324 before Christ.
Diogenes Laertius, Greek historian, flourished, 200.
Diogenes, the stoic philosopher, flourished, 155 before Christ.
Dion Cassius, the Roman historian, flourished, 229.
Dionysius Halicarnasseus, the historian, lived 30 before Christ.
Dionysius, the Elder, tyrant of Syracuse, died, 386 before Christ.
Dionysius the Little, who introduced the use of the present Christian aera, about 516; died, 540.
Dodd, Rev. William, LL.D. hanged for forgery, June 27, 1777. See
Rem. Occur. anno
1777.
Dodderidge, Dr. dissenting minister, died, Oct. 26, 1752, aged 50.
Dodwell, Henry, learned writer, born, 1641; died, 1711.
Dolci, Carlo, Italian painter, born, 1616; died, 1636.
Dominichino, Italian history painter, born, 1574; died, 1641.
Domitian, Roman emperor, assassinated, 96, aged 45.
Donne, Rev. Dr. John, the poet, died, 1631, aged 58.
Donnellan, Captain, hanged at Warwick, for poisoning Sir Theodosius Boughton, April 2, 1781.
Doria, Andrew, a Genoese, admiral to Charles V. of Spain, the greatest admiral of the age he lived in, the restorer of the independency of Genoa, when under the French yoke, died. 1560, aged 84.
Dorset, Thomas Sackville, earl of, statesman and poet, born, 1536; died, 1608.
Dorset, Charles Sackville, earl of, the poet, born, 1637; died, 1706.
Draco, established his laws at Athens, 624 before Christ.
Draiton, Michael, the poet, born, 1563; died in 1631.
Drake, Francis, the antiquarian, died, 1770, aged 75.
Drelincourt, Charles, the French writer, born at Sedan, 1595; died, 1669.
Drummond, William, the Scotch poet, born, 1585; died, 1649.
Drusius, John, learned divine, born at Oudenard, 1550; died, 1616.
Dryden, John, the poet, born, 1631; died, May 1, 1700
Duck, Reverend Stephen, the poet, drowned himself, 1756.
Dugdale, Sir William, the historian, born, 1605; died, Feb. 1685.
Duncan, king of Scots, murdered by Macbeth and Banquo, 1040. See Banquo, Macbeth.
Duns Scotus, a voluminous writer, died studying, 1308, aged 33.
Dunstan, St. archbishop of Canterbury, 960; died, 988, aged 63.
Durer, Albert, the German painter, born, 1471; died, 1528.
D'Urfey, Thomas, the songster, died in years, Feb. 1724.
Dyer, Rev. John, the poet, born, 1700.
E.
EACHARD, Rev. Laurence, the historian, died, 1730, aged 59.
Eckhout, Vand. Dutch painter, born, 1621; died, 1674.
Egialeus, king of Sycion, 2089 before Christ.
Eginhart, the German historian, died, 842.
Ehud, second judge of Israel, killed Eglon, king of Moab, 1325 before Christ.
Elagabalus, Roman emperor, murdered by his soldiers, 222.
Eleazar. See
Rem. Occur. anno
70.
Elfrida. See Edgar, Vol. I.
Eli, the eleventh judge of Israel, on hearing the ark was taken, fell down and broke his neck at Shiloh, 1116 before Christ, aged 98.
Elias. See Elijah.
Elijah prophecied, 911, in the 13th year of Ahab's reign; supported by the widow of Sarepta, whose son he raised from the dead, 910; brought rain from heaven, 908; taken up into heaven in a fiery chariot, 896 before Christ.
Elisha died, 838 before Christ, having prophecied 60 years.
Elzevirs, Dutch printers: Lewis began to be famous, 1595; Daniel died, 1681.
Empedocles, poet and historian, died in prison, 440 before Christ, aged 77.
Eneas, Trojan general, died, about 1177 before Christ.
Ennius, Quintus, the Latin poet, born, 239 before Christ; died, aged 70.
Epaminondas, the Theban general, slain in battle, 363 before Christ.
Ephraim Syrus, a Christian writer, flourished, 370.
Epictetus, the Stoic philosopher, died, about 161.
Epicurus, the philosopher, born, 342; died, 271 before Christ.
Epimenides, the Cretan philosopher, flourished, 596 before Christ.
Epiphanius, father of the church, born in Palestine, about 332; died, about 403.
Erasistratus, the Greek physician, flourished, 294 before Christ.
Erasmus, English divine and Latin writer, born at Roterdam, 1467; died, 1536.
Erastothenes, the philologer, measured the earth, 250; died, 194 before Christ.
Erostratus. See Diana, Vol. I.
Eschines, the Greek philosopher, died, about 330 before Christ.
Eschylus, the Athenian poet, died, 456 before Christ, aged 69.
Esculapius, the Greek physician, died, about 927 before Christ.
Esdras, the sacred historian, flourished, 452 before Christ.
Esop, the Phrygian fabulist, put to death, 556 before Christ.
Esther, Queen, who married Ahasuerus, flourished, 465 before Christ.
Estrées, Cardinal de, died, 1714.
Etheridge, Sir George, dram. author, born, about 1638; died, after 1688.
Etmuller, Michael, of Leipsick, medical author, born, 1646; died, 1683; his son, Michael-Ernest, a medical writer, died, 1732, aged 86.
Eubulus, the Athenian comic poet, flourished, 375 before Christ.
Euclid, the mathematician, died, about 300 before Christ, aged 74.
Eudosia, wife of the emperor Theodosius the Younger, of Constantinople, heroic poetess, born, 400; died 460.
Eudoxus, of Cnidos, the geometrician, died, 350 before Christ.
Eugene, Prince, died, April 10, 1736, aged 72.
Eumenes, king of Pergamus, began to reign, 263 before Christ.
Eumolpus, the Greek poet, flourished, 1398 before Christ.
Euripides, the Greek poet, killed by dogs, 407 before Christ, aged 77.
Eusebius, bishop of Nicomedia, the Arian, flourished, 326.
Eusebius Pamphili, sacred historian, bishop of Caesarea, died, 331, aged about 46.
Eustachius, archbishop of Thessaly, the Greek critic, flourished, about 1170.
Eustachius, Barth. anatomist at Rome, flourished, 1550. His anatomical plates were discovered 1712, and published 1714.
Eutropius, Latin historian, flourished, 356.
Eutychius, patriarch of Alexandria and chronologist, born, 876; died, after 900.
Evagoras, king of Cyprus, murdered by Nicocles, 373 before Christ.
Evagrius, eccles. historian, in Greek, born, 536; died, after 595.
Evagrius, patriarch of Antioch, flourished, 380.
Evander, an Arcadian chief, brought a colony of his people into Italy, and is supposed to have founded Padua, 1269 before Christ.
Evelyn, John, learned writer, born, 1620; died, 1706.
Evremond, St. the writer, died, Sept. 9, 1703, aged 90.
Ezekiel taken captive with Jehoiakim, 599; began to prophecy, 504 before Christ.
Ezra, the prophet, flourished, 447 before Christ.
F.
FABIUS Rusticus, the Roman historian, flourished, 50.
Fairclough, Daniel, born. 1582; died, 1645.
Fairfax, Edward, the poet, lived in the reign of James I.
Falkland, Lucius, lord, born, 1610; killed at the battle of Newbury, September, 1643.
Fallopius, an Italian physician, who discovered the Fallopian tubes, born, 1523; died, 1562.
Fanshaw, Sir Richard, the poet, born, 1607; died at Madrid, 1666.
Faria, Emanuel, Portugueze historian, died, 1649.
Farquhar, George, dram. writer, born, 1678; died, 1707.
Faulkner, George, alderman of Dublin, died, Aug. 28, 1775.
Faust or Faustus, John, one of the earliest printers, who, from concealing his art, was supposed to deal with the devil; hence 'the devil and Dr. Faustus.' He died at Mentz.
Fayette, Madame de la, French novelist, died, 1693.
Fenelon. See Cambray.
Fenoillet, bishop of Montpelier, in the 17th century.
Fenton, Elijah, the poet, died, July 13, 1730.
Ferrars, George, historian and poet, born, 1512; died, 1579.
Feti, Domen. Italian painter, born, 1590; died, 1624.
Fielding, Henry, dram. writer, died, 1754, aged 47; Sir John, his brother, died, Sept. 4, 1780.
Fingal,
alias
Finn, the Caledonian chief, died, 283. See Militia.
Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, lord chief justice, died, 1538.
Flamel, Nicholas, died, 1409.
Flaminius, the Latin poet, died, 1550.
Flamstead, John, the astronomer, born, 1646; died, 1719.
Flechier, bishop of Nimes, historian, born, 1632; died, 1710.
Fletcher, John, dramatic writer, born, 1576; died, 1625.
Fleury, Claude, French writer, born, 1640; died, 1723.
Fleury, Cardinal, French statesman, born, 1655; died, 1743.
Florence of Worcester, the historian, died, about 1119.
Florus, Lucius, Roman historian, flourished, about 120.
Florus, Franc. painter, the Raphael of Flanders, born, 1520; died, 1570.
Folkes, Martin, the mathematician, born, 1690; died, 1754.
Fontaine, John de la, French poet, born, 1621; died, 1695.
Fontenelle, French writer, died, 1756, aged 100.
Foote, Samuel, dram. writer and player, died, Oct. 21, 1777, aged 55.
Ford, John, dramatic writer, died, about 1561.
Fordun, John, Scotch historian, died, 1308.
Forest, John, French landscape painter, born, 1636; died 1712.
Fortescue, Sir John, made lord chancellor, about 1461.
Foster, Dr. James, anabaptist preacher, born, 1696; died, 1753.
Fouquieur, James, Flemish painter, flourished, about 1600.
Fox, John, martyrologist, born, 1517; died, April, 1587.
Fox, George, founder of the Quakers, born, 1624; appeared in 1655.
Francischini, Italian painter, born, 1648; died, 1729.
Frederic, Prince, George IIId's youngest brother, died, December 29, 1765, aged 16.
Fresne, Charles de, French historian, born, 1610; died, 1665.
Frobisher, Sir Martin, the navigator, killed at a siege, 1594.
Froissard, John, French poet, born, 1337; died, about 1402.
G.
GABBIANI, Anthony, Italian history painter, born, 1652; died, 1726.
Gaddi, Italian painter, died, 1312, aged 73; his son Jaddeo died, 1350, aged 50.
Galba, a Roman general, proclaimed emperor after Nero's death, but assassinated, 69, aged 73.
Gale, Roger, the antiquary, died, 1744.
Galen, the Greek physician, born at Pergamus, about 131; died, 201.
Galeon, William, died in years, 1507.
Galileo, the astronomer, born in Italy, 1564; died, 1642.
Gallus, joint emperor of Rome, put to death, by order of his colleague Constantius, Dec. 354.
Gama, Vasco de, Portugueze navigator, died, 1525.
Gamaliel, chief of the synagogue, died in 53.
Gardiner, bishop of Winton, died, 1555;
Blair
says, 1557.
Garrick, David, the player, died, Jan. 20, 1779, aged 62.
Garth, Sir Samuel, the poet, died, January, 1719.
Gascoigne, George, English poet, died, 1577.
Gassendi, Peter, French mathematician, born, 1592; died, 16
6.
Gay, John, the poet, born, 1688; died, 1732.
Gaza, Theodore, Greek writer, born, 1398; died, 1475.
Geber, the Arabian physician, flourished, about 900.
Geminiani, the musician, died, 1762, aged 96.
Genghi
kam, conqueror of Asia, died, 1226, aged 72.
Gentilis, Albericus, law writer, born in Italy, 1551; died, 1611.
Geoffrey of Monmouth, the historian, flourished, 1152.
George, St. the tutelar St. of England, supposed to be George archbishop of Alexandria, who established arianism on the fall of Athanasius (the fancied dragon), in the reign of Julian, 356; but who was afterwards massacred by the people, Dec. 24, 361, when Athanasius was restored; suffered martyrdom, under the emperor Dioclesian.
Germanicus, the Roman general, his ashes brought to Rome, and received with great marks of grief, 20. He died aged 33. See Piso.
Gervase, of Canterbury, the historian, wrote in 1202.
Gesner, Conrad, the Pliny of Germany, born, 1516; died, 15
5.
Geta, joint emperor of Rome, murdered, and above 20,000 persons of both sexes, called his friends, were put to death, by order of his brother Antoninus, Feb. 27, 212.
Ghent, Henry of, died, 1293, aged 76. See Gaunt, Vol I.
Gibson, Edmund, bishop of London, born, 1669; died, 1748.
Gideon, fourth judge of Israel, routed the Midianites with only 300 men, 1245 before Christ.
Gildon, Charles, poet and critic, born, about 1666; died, 1724.
Gildas, the historian, died, 570.
Gilpin, Rev. Bernard, the reformer, died, March 4, 1583, aged 65.
Giordano, Luc. Italian painter, born, 1632; died, 1705.
Giorgione, Italian history painter, born, 1478; died, 1511.
Gioseppino, Italian battle painter, born, about 1560; died 1640.
Giotto, Italian painter, born, 1276; died, 1336.
Glanvil, Joseph, the writer, born, 1636; died, 1680.
Glauber, the German chymist, died, 1500.
Glendower, Owen, died, after 1416.
Gob
lin, a famous French dyer, flourished, 1632; in whose house, at Paris, the tapestry manufactory was erected, 1666.
Godeau, Bishop, French historian, born, 1605; died, 1672.
Godfrey, Sir Edmondbury, an active justice of the peace against the Papists, murdered October 17, 1678.
Godfrey of Bologne. See Jerusalem, Vol. I.
Godolphin, Sidney, earl of, the statesman, died, 1712.
Goldsmith, Oliver, the poet, born, 1731; died, April 4, 1774.
Gombauld, John de, French poet, died, 1666, aged 90.
Gordian III. emperor of Rome, murdered, 244.
Gordon, Sir John, son to earl Huntley, beheaded, for rebelling against Mary queen of Scots, Oct. 31, 1562; his brother George condemned for the same act, but pardoned, on account of his youth.
Gorgias flourished, 436 before Christ.
Gortz, Baron, the Swedish minister, beheaded, 1719.
Gower, Sir John, the first English poet, died in years, 1402.
Gracchus, Tiberius, the Roman Tribune, assassinated, 133 before Christ.
Graevius, J. Geo. the critic, born in Germany, 1632; died, 1703.
Graham, George, the watchmaker, died, 1751.
Gratian finished the canon law, after 24 years labour, 1151.
Gratius, the Latin poet, cotemporary with Ovid.
Gray, Thomas, the poet, born, Dec. 26. 1716; died, July 31, 1771.
Greatrakes, that healed by stroking, born in Ireland, 16
9; died after 1666. See Impostors.
Gregorie, Dr. John, professor of physic, Edinburgh, born, 17
5; died, Feb. 10, 1773. He was the fifteenth descendant of the family that had held a professorship.
Gregory Nazianzen, the theologian, father of the Greek church, born, 324; archbishop of Constantinople, 380; died, 389.
Gregory XIII. Pope, died, 1585, aged 83. He altered the calendar. See Style.
Gregory, Thaumaturgus, died, 270, after 30 years episcopacy.
Greville, Fulk, lord Brook, statesman and author, born, 1554; killed by his servant, Sept. 30, 1628.
Grierson, Constantia, poetess of Ireland, died, 1733, aged 27.
Griffier, John, Dutch landscape painter, born, 1658; died, 1718.
Grimaldi, John, Italian landscape painter, born, 160
; died, 1680.
Grimston, Sir Harbottle, master of the rolls and law writer, born, 1584; died, 1683.
Gronovius, James, the antiquarian, born at Daventer, 1645; died, 1716.
Grotius, Hugo, Dutch philosopher, born, 1583; died, 1645.
Gruter, John, the philologer, born at Antwerp, 1560; died, 1627.
Guercino, Italian history painter, born, 1590; died, 1666.
Guesclin, the famous high const. of France, died, about 1379.
Guicciardini, Franc. Italian historian, died, 1540, aged 58.
Guido, Reni, Italian history painter, born, 1574; died, 1642; Lewis his nephew, the historian, died, 1583.
Guise, Francis, duke of, assassinated by Poltrot, 1563; Henry, duke of, son to the former, with his brother the cardinal, assassinated, for his turbulency, by order of Henry III. of France, 1588, aged 37.
Gunter, Reverend Edmund, the mathematician, died, 1626, aged 46.
Gustavus, Vasa, king of Sweden, died, 1560, aged 70. See Sweden.
Gustavus II. Adolphus, king of Sweden, lost part of his helmet by a musquet ball, at the battle of Nuremberg, 1632; slain at the battle of Lutzen, Nov. 6, 1
33, aged 37.
Guthrie, William, English historian died, 1770.
Guttemberg, John, of Stratsburg, the first printer, died after 1466.
Guy, Thomas, a bookseller, died, Decem. 27, 1724, aged 79; and left 200,000l. for building an hospital.
Guy, earl of Warwick, flourished, before 1316.
Guyon, Mary, of France, the prophetess, born, 1648; died, 1717.
H.
HABAKKUK, the prophet, flourished, 731 before Christ.
Habington, William, poet and historian, born, 1603; died, 1654.
Hacket, William. See Impostors.
Hackman, Rev. Mr. hanged, for shooting Miss Raay, through love, April 19, 1779.
Haggai, the prophet, flourished, 520 before Christ.
Hale, lord chief justice, died, Dec. 25, 1676, aged 66.
Hales, Rev. Dr. Stephen, died, January 4, 1761. See Ventilators.
Hall, bishop of Norwich, called the English Saneca, born, 1574; died, 1656.
Hall, one of the murderers of the duke of Gloucester, hanged at Tyburn, 1399.
Haller, Dr. died at Berne, 1778, aged 75.
Halley, Edmund, the astronomer, born, 1656; died, 1742.
Hallifax, Charles, earl of, born, 1661; died, 1715.
Hallifax, George, marquis of, statesman and author, born, 1630; died, 1695.
Haman hanged, by order of Ahasuerus, 509 before Christ.
Hamel, John Baptist du, French mathematician, born, 1624; died, 1698.
Hamilcar, the Carthagenian general, who conquered Spain, slain in battle, 227 before Christ. See Barcelona.
Hammond, Rev. Dr. Henry, the theologian, born, 1605; died, 1660.
Hampden, John, the English patriot, born, 1594; killed in battle, June 24, 1643.
Handel, George Fred, the musician, died, April 14, 1759, aged 75.
Hannibal, the Carthaginian general, died, 183 before Christ. See Annibal.
Hann
, Carthaginian general, flourished, 403 before Christ.
Harding John, the chronologer, died, 1461, in years.
Hardwicke, Earl of, lord chancellor, died, 1763, aged
3.
Hare, bishop of Chichester, polemical writer, died, 1740.
Harrington, Sir John, the poet, died, about 1620.
Harrington, James, political writer, born, 1611; died, 1677.
Harris, James, esq. learned writer, died, Dec. 22, 1780
Harvey, Dr. William, the physician, born, 1578; died, 1657. See Blood.
Hastings, earl of Pembroke, died, 1375.
Hawes, Stephen, the poet, flourished, 1506.
Hawkesworth, Dr. John, philosophical writer, born, 1719; died 1774.
Hay, William, the poet, died, 1755.
Hayward, Sir John, the historian, died, June 1627.
Head, Richard, cast away at sea, 1678.
Hearne, Rev. Thomas, the antiquary, born, 1678; died, 1735.
Hector, the Trojan general, slain by Achilles, 1184 before Christ.
Heinfius, Daniel, the Flemish critic, died, 1655, aged 74.
Helen carried off by Paris, which occasioned the Trojan war, 1198 before Christ.
Heliodorus, the father of Romances, flourished, about 398.
Helmont, John Bapt. Van, the Flemish philosopher, born, 1577; died, 1644.
Heloisa died, 1163, aged about 63.
Helvetius, the physician, died at Paris, Jan. 7, 1727, aged 64.
Hemskirk, Dutch painter, stiled the Raphael of Holland, born, 1498; died, 1574.
Henley, John, an English clergyman, amused the the public for many years with a medley of deism, politics, and satire, from a pulpit, under the pretence of religious worship, and was called Orator Henley. He died 1756.
Henry of Huntingdon, the historian, died, 1168.
Hephestion, the Macedonian general, died, 325 before Christ.
Heraclides of Pontus, a Greek philosopher, flourished, 336 before Christ.
Heraclitus, Greek philosopher, died, about 500 before Christ, aged 59.
Heraclius, emperor and heresiarch, flourished, 630.
Herbelot, Bath. de, French writer, born, 1636; died, 1696.
Herbert, Edward, lord, the historian, born, 1511; died, 1648; Rev. George, his brother, the poet, born, 1593; died, about 1635.
Hercules, a Theban hero, whose birth and exploits are the subjects of fabulous history, flourished, 900 before Christ.
Hermanric, king of the Ostrogoths, flourished, 375.
Hermogenes, a disciple of Praxeas, appeared, 207. He taught also, that matter is eternal. See Praxeas.
Herodian, Roman historian, flourished, 254.
Herodotus, the historian, born, 484; died, after 413 before Christ.
Hervey, Rev. James, author of Meditations, &c. born, 1714; died, 1758.
Hesiod, the Greek poet, lived, 944 before Christ.
Hesychius, the Greek Grammarian, flourished, 499.
Hetherington, Rev. William, who left a considerable sum of money to the blind, died, Dec. 1778.
Heylin, Rev. Peter, the historian, born, 1599; died, 1662.
Heywood, John, reputed to be the first English dram. writer, died, 1565.
Heywood, Thomas, dram. writer, died, about 1615.
Hicks, William, esq. who left
00l. per annum to the Marine Society, died, 1763.
Hierax, the Egyptian philosopher, who believed Melchisedech to be the Holy Ghost, and denied the resurrection, appeared, 286. His proselytes were called Hieracians.
Hierocles, governor of Alexandria, and persecutor of the Christians, flourished, about 300.
Hill, Aaron, miscellaneous author, born, 1685; died, Feb. 8, 1750.
Hill, Sir John, the botanist, died, 1775, aged about 60.
Hillary, St. died, 367, aged 80.
Hipparchus, the astronomer, flourished, between 160 and 125 before Christ. He first described the fixed stars.
Hippias, the Greek architect, flourished, 436 before Christ.
Hippocrates, the Greek physician, died, 361 before Christ, aged 98.
Hiram of Tyre, who assisted in building Solomon's temple, died, 990 before Christ.
Hoadley, bishop of Winton, controversial writer, died, 1761, aged 84; Dr. Benjamin, his son, physician, and dram. author, born, 1706; died, 1757.
Hobbes, Thomas, philosophical writer, died, 1679, aged 90.
Hogarth, William, painter of humour, died, 1764, aged 64.
Holbein, Hans, German portrait painter, born, 1498; died of the plague at London, 1554.
Holinshed, Ralph, historian, died, 1580.
Hollar, the painter, died, 1667, aged 60.
Hollar, Wenceslaus, German engraver, born, 1607; died, 1677.
Holofernes killed by Judith, 668 before Christ.
Holt, lord chief justice, died, March 6, 1710, aged 67.
Homer, the Greek poet, flourished, about 908 before Christ.
Hooker, Rev. Richard, the author, born, 1553; died, 1600.
Hooper, bishop of Gloucester, burnt in his diocese, for heresy, in queen Mary's reign, 1555.
Horace, the Latin poet, born at Venusium, 65 before Christ; died, 8 before Christ.
Horrox, Jeremiah, the astronomer, born, about 1619; died 1641.
Hosea prophesied, 785 before Christ.
Hotman, Francis, the French civilian, born, 1524; died, 1590.
Hoveden, Roger de, the historian, died, about 1210.
Howard, Mr. justice, stabbed in Westminster-hall, November 21, 1640.
Howard, Sir Robert, historian and poet, died, soon after 1692.
Howe, Lord viscount, slain, 1758, aged 34.
Hudson, John, a learned critic, born, 1662; died, 1719.
Hughes, John, the poet, born, 1677; died, 1719.
Hume, David, philosophical writer, born, April 26, 1711; died, August 25, 1776.
Humphreys, Lawrence, Latin author, died, 1590.
Huss, John, the Bohemian reformer, burnt, for his faith, July 15, 1415.
Hutcheson, Rev. Francis, philosophical writer, born, 1694; died, 1748.
Hutchinson, John, philosophical writer, born, 1674; died, 1737.
Huygens, the Dutch astronomer, born, 1629; died, 1693.
Hyde, Rev. Thomas, learned writer, born, 1636; died, 1703.
Hypatia, the female geometrician, massacred by the populace of Alexandria, about 415.
I.
ICTINUS, the Greek architect, flourished, about 430 before Christ.
Ignatius made a bishop by St. Peter and St. Paul; torn to pieces in the amphitheatre by lions, by order of the emperor Trajan, 107.
Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuits, born, 1491; died, 1556, canonized by Paul V. 1609.
Inachus, first king of Argos, 1859 before Christ.
Ingulphus, abbot of Croyland, monastic historian, died, 1109, aged 79.
Innocent XI. Pope, died, August 2, 1689.
Irenaeus, a Greek bishop of Lyons, France, a theological writer, put to death under the emperor Severus, in the fifth persecution of the Christians, 202, aged 82.
Isaac, Abraham's son, born, 1896; married Rebecca the daughter of Bethuel, the Syrian, 1856; died, 1717 before Christ.
Ishmael born, 2010 before Christ.
Isidorus Hispalensis, the historian, flourished, about 620.
Isocrates, the Athenian orator, died, 338 before Christ, aged 89.
Isodorus Characenus, the Greek historian, died, after 35.
J.
JAMES, St. the less, bishop of Jerusalem, wrote his epistle, 59; martyred, 62; feast of, instituted, 1090.
James, St. put to death, 41.
Jansenius, Corn. bishop of Ipres, author of Jansenism, born, 1585; died, 1638.
Janus, an ancient king of Latium, esteemed the father of the other deities. See Latium, Saturn, Agriculture.
Jason, the Greek hero, who undertook the Argonautic expedition, flourished, about 937 before Christ.
Jefferies, George, lord, made lord chancellor, Oct. 1685; committed to the Tower by the Lordmayor, Dec. 12, 1688, where he destroyed himself, April 18, 1689.
Jefferys, George, dram. poet, died, 1755, aged 77.
Jehoiakim, king of Judah, began his reign three months after the death of Josiah; carried captive to Babylon, 597 before Christ.
Jekyl, Sir Joseph, master of the rolls, a law author, died, 1738.
Jenkins, Henry, of Yorkshire, died, Dec. 1670, aged 169.
Jephtha, seventh judge of Israel, took his rash vow, 1187; died, 1182 before Christ.
Jeremiah began to prophecy, 629; wrote his Lamentations, 610; imprisoned, 609; foretold the Jewish captivity, 607, and died about 577 before Christ.
Jerom, St. a father of the church, born, 329, died, 420.
Jerome, of Prague, a disciple of Huss, burnt for heresy, May 30, 1416.
Jesus, the son of Sirach, lived, 247 before Christ.
Joan d'Arc, the maid of Orleans, who undertook the command of a general, in favour of the king of France, burnt by the English at Rouen, for pretending to magical power, June 14, 1431.
Joan of Navarre, Henry IV th's widow, died, 1437.
Joan, Pope, in 856. This female pope was merely fabulous, being introduced by writers to depict the effeminate manners of Benedict III.
Job died, 1553 before Christ, aged 189.
Joel prophesied, 800 before Christ.
John, St. the apostle, wrote his Epistles, 92.
John, St. the Evangelist, put into a cauldron of boiling oil, but taken out unhurt, 93; wrote his Revelations, 96; his Gospel, 97; died, Dec. 27, 99, aged 91.
John the Baptist preached repentance in the wilderness, 28; imprisoned, 30; beheaded, 32, aged 37; feast of St. John instituted by pope Felix III. 487.
John of Salisbury, the antiquary, died, 1181.
John of Wallingford, the historian, flourished, 1231.
Johnny Armstrong, the Scotch thief of Hol-house, executed, 1528.
Johnson, Ben, dram. writer, died, 1637, aged 62.
Jonas preached to Nineveh, 806, in the reign of Sardanapalus, who burnt himself alive in his palace with his wives, rather than fall into the hands of his rebellious subjects, 761 before Christ. See Niniveh.
Jones, Inigo, English architect, born, about 1572; died, 1652.
Jortin, Rev. Dr. the theologian, died, 1770.
Josephus, the Jewish historian, died, 93, aged 56.
Joshua died, 1426 before Christ, aged 110. See Israelites.
Josiah, king of Juda, slain at Megiddo in the spring, 608 before Christ.
Jouvenet, the French painter, born, 1644; died, 1717.
Judas Maccabaeus flourished, 165 before Christ.
Jude, St. the apostle and brother of Christ, wrote his epistle in 71; suffered martyrdom, about 80.
Julian, the apostate emperor, sent a vicar into Britain, 358; died, 363, aged 31.
Justin, the martyr, the platonic philosopher, suffered for christianity under Marcus Aurelius, 167.
Justin, the Latin historian, flourished, 250.
Justinian I. the Roman emperor, reigned, in 527; died, 566, aged 84. See Laws.
Juvenal, the Roman satyrist, born, 45; died, 127.
K.
KEIL, John, of Edinburgh, the astronomer, born, 1671; died, 1721.
Keith, James, earl marshal of Scotland, having taken arms in 1715, in favour of the pretender, went into the service of Russia, and having distinguished himself against the Turks, was made field marshal to the king of Prussia, but slain at the battle of Hochkerchen, 1758.
Kempis, Thomas, a learned divine, died, 1471, aged 91.
Ken, Thomas, bishop of Bath, theologian and poet, born, 1647; died, 1711.
Kennet, Rev. Basil, the theologian, died, 1714.
Kennet, White, bishop of Peterborough, the historian, born, 1660; died, 1728.
Kepler, John, the German astronomer, born, 1571; died, 1630.
Khondamir, the Persian historian, flourished, about 1508.
Kidder, bishop of Bath, polemical writer, born, 1649; killed in his bed, by the fall of a stack of chimnies, in the great storm, Nov. 26, 1703.
Killegrew, Sir William, dram. writer, born, 1605; died, 1639.
King, archbishop of Dublin, polemical writer, born, 1650; died, 1729.
King, Sir Peter, died, 1729, aged 76.
King, William, political writer, born, 1685; died, 1763.
Kneller, Sir Godfrey, portrait painter, died, 1723, aged 76.
Knolles, Sir Robert, died, 1407.
Knox, John, the Scotch reformer, born, 1515; died, 1572.
Koempfer, a German physician, historian and botanist, died, 1716.
Kouli Khan usurped the Persian throne, March 11, 1732; assassinated by one of his generals, June 8, 1747, aged 60. See Mogul Empire.
L.
LABADIE. John, the sectarist, who caused great disturbances in France and Holland, died, 1674.
Lactantius, a father of the christian church, died, 325.
Laertius lived in 183.
Lally, Count de, French general, beheaded, 1766.
Lanfranco, Giov. Italian history painter, born, 1581; died, 1647.
Lansdown, Geo. lord, the poet, born, about 1667; died, 1736.
Lardner, Nathaniel, dissenting minster and author, born, 1684; died, 1719.
Latimer, bishop of Worcester, burnt at Oxford for heresy, in queen Mary's time, 1555, aged 85.
Laud, archbishop of Canterbury, adressed as his "holiness", by the university of Oxford, 1636; beheaded, Jan. 10, 1645, aged 71, for striving to bring in arbitrary power.
Lauderdale, Duke of, died, August 24, 1682.
Lauro, Filip. Italian painter, born, 1623; died, 1694.
Lee, Nathaniel, dram. poet, died, 1690, aged 33.
Legat burnt in Smithfield for Arianism, 1612.
Leibnitz, the philosopher, born at Leipsic, 1646; died, 1716.
Leicester, Dudley, earl of, statesman and general, born, 1532; died, 1588.
Leicester, Sir Peter, the antiquary, born, 1613; died, 1678.
Leicester, Simon de Montfort, earl of, married Eleanor, sister of Henry III. 1238; gained the battle of Lewes, 1264; defeated and slain at the battle of Evesham, 1265.
Leland, John, the antiquary, died, 1552, aged about 45.
Leland, Dr. the Irish historian, died, Jan. 16, 1766, aged 75.
Lelv, Sir Peter, history and portrait painter, of Westphalia, born, 1617; died, 1080.
Le Motte, Mons. French spy, executed at Tyburn, July 17, 1781.
Lenox, Earl of, father to lord Darnley, restored to his honours, 1564; made regent of Scotland, July 12, 1570; murdered, 1571.
Leofricus, the first bishop of Exeter, died, 1073.
Leonidas I. king of Sparta, slain, 480 before Christ.
Lestock. See Matthews.
L'Estrange, Sir Roger, the writer, born, 1617; died, 1705. See Newspapers.
Leucippus, the Greek-philosopher, flourished, about 428 before Christ.
Leuwenhoek; Anth. Dutch physician, died, 1723.
Lightfoot, Rev. Dr. John, Latin writer, born, 1601; died, 1675.
Ligonier, John, earl, field marshal, died, 1770, aged 91.
Lilburne, John, whipt for a libel, Feb. 19, 1638; died, August 1657, aged 38.
Lillo, George, dram. writer, born, 1693; died, Sept. 3, 1739.
Lilly, Wm. the astrologer, born, 1602; died, 1681.
Lilye, Wm. the grammarian, died, 1523, aged 55.
Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist, died, January 10, 1778, aged 70.
Linus, the most ancient Greek musician, cotemporary with Amphion, flourished, 1490 before Christ.
Linus, the Greek poet, flourished, 950 before Christ.
Lisle, Lady, beheaded at Winchester, September 2, 1685, for harbouring two rebels
Littleton, Reverend Adam, the lexicographer, born, 1627; died, 1694.
Littleton, Sir. Thomas, law writer, died, 1481, aged 79.
Livy, the Latin historian, died, in 17, aged 76.
Lloyd, Robert, the poet, died, 1764, aged about 32.
Llewellin, Martin, died, 1682, aged 65.
Locke, John, the philosopher, died, 1704, aged 72.
Lombard, Peter, archbishop of Paris, the theologian, died, 1164.
Long, Rev. Dr. Robert, the astronomer, died, 1770, aged about 80.
Longinus, the orator, born, about 213; put to death, by order of the emperor Aurelian, for being of Zenobia's party, 273.
Longland, bishop of Lincoln, died, 1547.
Lovat, Lord, beheaded on Tower-hill, 1747, for joining the rebels in 1745.
Louis IX. of France, St. canonized, for warring against the Turks.
Louis XIV. of France, died, 1715, aged 77.
Love, Rev. Christopher, beheaded, 1651, aged 33.
Loyer, Peter le, born in Anjou, 1540; died, 1634.
Lucan born at Cordova, Spain, Nov. 11, 37; condemned for a conspiracy against the emperor Nero, and bled to death in a hot bath, April 30, 64.
Lucas, de Leyden, the painter, died, 1533, aged 40.
Lucas, Dr. Charles, of Dublin, the patriot, died, Nov. 5, 1771.
Lucas, Rev. Dr. Richard, theological writer, born, 1648; died blind, 1715.
Lucian, the Greek satyrist, died, 180, aged 90.
Lucilius, the Latin poet. died, 103 before Christ.
Lucius, the first Christian king of Britain. He reigned 77 years; founded the first Christian church in London, St. Peter's, Cornhill, which was made the see of an archbishop, till removed to Canterbury, 179. See Sanctuaries.
Lucius Florus, the Roman historian, flourished, 98.
Lucretia ravished by Sextus, and killed herself, 505 before Christ. See Rome, City of.
Lucretius, the Latin poet, born at Rome, 95; put an end to his life in a raging fit, in 52 before Christ.
Luke, St. wrote his Gospel, 55; died, about 70, aged 80.
Luther, Martin, the author of Lutheranism, appeared, 1518; died, 1546. The Lutherans are Protestants, but believe in consubstantiation,
i. e.
that the sacramental bread consists of bread and the body of Christ in union.
Lycon, the Greek peripatetic philosopher, flourished, 273 before Christ.
Lycophron, the Greek tragic poet, flourished, 303 before Christ.
Lycurgus born, 926; established his body of laws in Lacedemon, 884; died in Crete, 872 before Christ.
Lydgate, John, the poet, flourished, 1430.
Lysander, the Lacedemonian admiral, slain in battle, 336 before Christ.
Lysimachus, the Maccdonian general, slain in battle, 281 before Christ, aged 80.
Lyttleton, George, lord, the historian, died, 1773; his brother, bishop of Carlisle, the antiquary, died, 1768.
M.
MABILLON, John, French theologian, born, 1632; died, 1707.
Macarius flourished, 373.
Macbeth, the usurper of the Scotch crown, slain in battle, 1054. See Edward the Confessor, Duncan, Banquo.
Macedonius, the heresiarch, who denied the divinity of the second and third persons in the Trinity, flourished, 360.
Machiavel, Nicholas, a political writer, died, 1527, aged 57.
Mackenzie, Sir George, a Scotch lawyer, born, 1612; died, 1691.
Maclawrin, Colin, the mathematician, born, 1698; died, 1746.
Macrobius, the Latin author, died, about 415.
Magellus, Fern. Portuguese navigator, discovered his streights called Magellan, 1519; died, 1520.
Magliabechi, the librarian, died, 1714, aged 81.
Mahomet, the false prophet, born at Mecca, May 5, 570; began to teach his errors, 612; the aera of his sect commenced, 622; died June 18, 631.
Maimonides, Moses, Spanish Jew writer, died, 1209, aged 70.
Maintenon, Mad. de, the wife of Scarron, the French poet, mistress, and afterwards wife to Louis XIV. of France, died, 1719, aged 84.
Malachi, the last of the prophets, flourished, 397 before Christ.
Malbranche, Nich. the French metaphysician, born, 1638; died, 1715.
Malcolm, Sarah, remarkable murder by her in the Temple, 1733.
Malherbe, the French poet, born, 1556; died, 1628.
Mallet, David, dram, author, died, 1765.
Malmsbury, William of, the historian, wrote in 1140.
Malpighi, the anatomist, born in Italy, 1628; died, 1694.
Manasseh chosen high priest, 253 before Christ.
Mandeville, Sir John, the traveller, died, 1372.
Mandeville, Bernard, of Holland, philosopher and poet, died, 1733, aged between 60 and 70.
Manetho, the Egyptian historian, flourished, 261 before Christ.
Manlius, M. thrown down from the Tarpeian rock, 384 before Christ.
Manning, Cromwell's spy, put to death abroad, by order of Charles II. 1655.
Maratti, Carlo, Italian painter, born, 1625: died, 1713.
Marca, archbishop of Paris, born, 1594; died, 1662.
Marcellinus, Ammianus, a Greek and Latin historian of Rome, from 99, to 388; died about 390.
Marcellus, the Roman emperor, slain, 207 before Christ.
Marcion, who taught two divinities, one good, the other bad, and worshipped a brazen serpent, began to spread his heresy, 140.
Marcus Aurel. Antoninus, emperor and philosopher, born, 161; died, 180.
Margaritone, Italian painter, flourished, 1265; died, aged 77.
Mariana, the Spanish historian, died, 1624, aged 86.
Marius, Caius, flourished, 107 before Christ. See Teutones.
Mark, St. first patriarch of Alexandria, wrote his Gospel in 44; suffered martyrdom in 68; feast of, instituted, 1090.
Marlborough, John, duke of, English general, died, June 16, 1722, aged 72.
Marloe, Christopher, dram. writer, killed by his rival, 1593.
Marot, Clement, French poet, born, 1495; died, 1544.
Marrow, an eminent lawyer, flourished, in Henry VIIth's reign.
Marsham, Sir John, the hist. born, 1602; died, 1685.
Martial, the Latin epigrammatist, born at Bilboa, 34; died, 109.
Martin, St. bishop of Tours, father of the christian church, died, about 402.
Martyr, Peter, polemical author, born, 1500; died, Nov. 12, 15
2.
Marvel, Andrew, political writer, born, 1620; died, 1678.
Massillon, J. B. bishop of Clermont, French writer, died, 1743, aged 79.
Massinger, Philip, dram. poet, died, 1640, aged 55.
Matsys, Quintian, Dutch painter, died, 1529.
Matthew, St. wrote his Gospel in 44; died in 65.
Matthew, of Westminster, the chronologist, died, about 1380.
Matthias was high priest, 6 before Christ.
Maupertuis, Peter de, French mathematician, born, 1698; died, 1759.
Mauritius,
alias
O'Fihely, archbishop of Tuam, died, 1513.
Maximian, Roman emperor, put to death, by order of Constantine, 310.
Maximin, Roman emperor, deposed, and, with his son, murdered, 237.
Maximus, of Tyre, the platonic philosopher, died, about 180.
Maximus and Balbinus, Roman emperors, murdered, 238.
May, Tho. the poet, born, about 1594; died, 1652.
Mazarine, Cardinal, prime minister of France, died, 1661, aged 59.
Mead, Dr. Richard, medical writer, born, 1673; died, 1754.
Mecaenas, poet, and patron of learned men, died, 8 before Christ.
Mecklenburg, Albert Winceslaus, duke of, murdered by Gourdon, 1634.
Melancthon, Phil. the reformer, died, 1560, aged 63.
Melece, bishop of Lycopolis, who sacrificed to idols, flourished, 305. He formed a schism that continued 150 years.
Memnon, or Amenophis, was the person called in scripture Pharaoh. See Letters, Pharaoh.
Menage, Giles, French grammarian, born at Angers, 1613; died, 1692.
Menander, the Athenian comic poet, born, 342; died, 293 before Christ.
Menander, the heresiarch, appeared, 68. He adopted the errors of Simon the magician, and taught that he (Menander) was the only saviour of the elect.
Mercury, Tresmigestes, king, high priest, and philosopher of Egypt, supposed to have flourished, about 1900 before Christ.
Merkes, Thomas, bishop of Carlisle, had the courage singly to oppose the deposing of Richard II. 1399.
Merlin, the poet and prophet, lived in 477.
Mersenne, French writer, born, 1588; died, 1648.
Meulen, Vand. the painter, born at Brussels, 1634; died, 1680.
Mezeray, the French historian, born, 1610; died, 1683.
Micah, the prophet, flourished, 754 before Christ.
Middleton, Thomas, lived in the reign of Charles I.
Middleton, Conyers, polemical writer, born, 1683; died, 1750.
Mieris, Francis, Dutch painter, died, 1683.
Mile, Francis, Dutch painter, born, 1643; died, 1680.
Miller, Philip, the botanist, died, Dec. 18, 1771, aged 80.
Milo, a Roman knight, banished, for killing Clodius, 52 before Christ.
Milton, John, the poet, born, 1608; died blind, 1674.
Minos, the lawgiver, reigned at Crete, 1432 before Christ.
Mist, the printer, imprisoned, June 1721.
Moab born, 1897 before Christ, from whom sprung the Moabites.
Mola, Pier. Franc. Italian painter, born, 1609; died, 1665.
Moliere, the Fr. dramatist, born, 1620; died, 1672.
Molina, Louis, Spanish polemical author, died, 1600.
Molyneux, William, Irish mathematician, born, 1656; died, 1698.
Monk, General George, born, 1608; arbiter of England's fate, 1659; solicited by parliament to take the government of the kingdom, but refused it, March 1660; made duke of Albemarle, July 12, 1660; he projected the restoration of Charles II. died, 1670.
Monmouth, Jeffrey of, the historian, wrote in 1152.
Monro, Dr. James, the anatomist, died, 1751. Alexander, M. D. learned writer, born, Sept. 19, 1697; died, July 10, 1767.
Montagne, Michael de, French author, died, 1592, aged 59.
Montanus, the heresiarch, who attacked marriage, flourished, 184. His followers were called Montanists, Phrygians, Cataphrygians, Eucratites, and Catarres. They were suppressed, about 255. They maintained an enthusiastic succession of prophecy.
Montesquieu, French philosopher, born, 1689; died, 1755.
Montezuma, the last king of Mexico, conquered by Cortez; stoned to death by his own subjects, for his submission to the Spaniards, 1541.
Montfaucon, the French antiquarian, born, 1655; died, 1741.
Montmorency, Duke of, beheaded in France, 1632.
Montmorency, Matthew, general and high constable of France, died, Nov. 24, 1230.
Morant, Rev. Philip, the historian of Essex, died, 1770.
Morata, Olympia Fulvia, a Latin female writer, died, 1555.
More, Sir Thomas, lord chancellor, beheaded July 6, 1535, aged 51, for denying the king's supremacy. See Chancery.
Moreri, the French biographer, born, 1643; died, 1680.
Morgagni, the Italian anatomist, died, 1762.
Morton, Earl of, regent of Scotland, beheaded, 1581.
Moschus of Syracuse, Greek pastoral poet, flourished, about 177 before Christ.
Mosheim, the German historian, died, 1755.
Motteaux, Peter, dramatic writer, murdered, 1718, aged 58.
Mountford, William, the dramatist, born, 1659; murdered, 1692.
Mowbray, Robert de, the historian, died, about 1125.
Muncer, Thomas, a Saxon divine, chief of the German anabaptists, and a leveller, who, at the head of 40,000 men, his followers, wrote to the sovereign princes, &c. of Germany, to resign their authority. The Landgrave of Hesse defeated him, 7000 of the enthusiasts fell in battle, and he was taken and beheaded, 1525.
Munster, Sebastian, the German mathematician, born, 1489; died, 1552.
Muratori, the Italian antiquary, born, 1672; died, 1750.
Murillo, Bartol. Spanish painter, born, 1613; died, 1685.
Musaeus, the Greek poet, flourished, 1180 before Christ.
Musgrave, Dr. William, the antiquary, died, 1721.
Musgrave, Samuel, M. D. learned writer, died, July 4, 1780.
N.
NABONASSER, king of the Chaldeans, died, 714 before Christ. See Era, Vol. I. which commenced with his reign.
Nahum, the prophet, flourished, 758 before Christ.
Napier. See Neper, Vol. I.
Nash, Richard, master of the ceremonies at Bath, died, Feb. 1761, aged 86.
Navarre, Margaret, queen of, died, 1549. See Spain.
Nehemiah, the prophet, died, 430 before Christ.
Nelson, Robert, polemical writer, born, 1616; died, 1715.
Nestorius, patriarch of Constantinople, who denied the union of the two natures in Christ, appeared, 429.
Newburgh, William de, the historian, wrote, 1197.
Newcastle, Margaret, duchess of, died, 1673.
Newton, Sir Isaac, the mathematician, born Dec. 1642; died, March 1727.
Nicephorus, Gregoras, Greek historian, died, 1350.
Nicias, the Greek painter, flourished, 300 before Christ.
Nicka, a Gothic daemon, who was supposed to inhabit the water, and strangle persons that were drowning. Hence 'Old Nick.'
Nicolle, Peter, French philosopher, born, 1625; died, 1695.
Nicomedes, the mathematician, flourished, about 220.
Nimrod, the founder of Babylon; he was the grandson of Ham, one of the sons of Noah. It was in his time that the tower of Babylon was built. See Babel, Babylon.
Noailles, Marshal, French general, died, 1766, aged 88.
Noetus, the he
esiarch, flourished, 240. He called himself a new Moses, and allowed only one person in God: his disciples were culled Monarchists.
Nollet, L'Abbé, French philosopher, born, 1700; died, 1770.
Novatian, the heresiarch, first appeared, 254. He was coadjutor with Novatus; which see.
Novatus, a priest of Carthage, the chief of a sect called Novatians, flourished, 250. He condemned repentance and second marriages, and formed a schism against his bishop St. Cyprian.
O.
OATES, Dr. Titus, whipped, 1685. See Impostors, Vol. I.
Obadiah prophecied, 587 before Christ.
O'Connor, Roderic, last of the Irish monarchs, died, 1198, very old.
Octavia, wife of Marc Anthony, died, 100 before Christ.
Odin. See Woden.
Oecolampadius, the reformer, died in 1531, aged 49.
Oedipus, king of Thebes, flourished, 1266 before Christ.
Ogilby, John, the Scotch geographer, born, 1600; died, 1676.
Ogyges, king of Beotia. See Deluge, Vol. I.
Oldcastle, Sir John, lord Cobham, condemned in convocation, for heretically denying the pope's supremacy, hanged and burnt without Templebar, 1416; he is said to be the first protestant that suffered for that religion. See Lollard.
Oldfield, Anne, the actress, born, 1683; died, 1730.
Oldham, John, the poet, born, 1653; died, 1683.
Oldmixon, John, dramatic writer, died, 1742.
O'Nial, John, of Ireland, killed, 1568.
O'Nial, Sir Phelim, hanged in Ireland, 1652. See Massacre, Vol. I.
Orestes, king of Mycenae and friend to Pylades, died, about 1144 before Christ.
Origen, a father of the Christian church, died, 253, aged 69.
Orlando Furioso, the Italian warrior, died, 772.
Orosius, the Spanish historian, died, after 420.
Orpheus, the epic poet of Crotona, flourished, 576 before Christ.
Orpheus of Thrace, the Greek poet, flourished, 128 before Christ.
Ossian flourished as a poet, 300.
Ossorius, Jerom, bishop of Sylves, Portugal, a learned writer, died, 1580, aged 74.
Otho, the Roman emperor, hanged himself, 69, aged 37.
Otway, Thomas, the tragic poet; born, 1615; died, 1685.
Ovid, the Latin poet, born at Sulmo, 43 before Christ; died in 15.
Ozell, John, died, Oct. 1743.
P.
PACUVIUS, the tragic poet, flourished, 160 before Christ.
Palladio, the Italian architect, died, 1580.
Pamphile, the Macedonian painter, flourished, 350 before Christ.
Pan-Kou, the Chinese historian, flourished, 85 before Christ.
Par, Thomas, died, 1635, aged 153. He lived in ten reigns, and was father of a child at 120 years of age.
Para, king of Armenia, assassinated at a banquet, by order of the emperor Valens, 374.
Paracelsus, the Swiss physician, died, 1541, aged 48.
Paré, Ambrose, French anatomist, died, 1592.
Paris, Matthew, the historian, died, 1259.
Parma, Pete, duke of, natural son to pope Paul III. assassinated by conspirators, Sept. 10, 1547.
Parmegiano, Italian painter, born, 1504; died, 1540.
Parmenides, the Greek philosopher, lived, 505 before Christ.
Parnell, Rev. Thomas, the poet, born, 1679; died, 1718.
Parocel, Joseph, the history painter, born, 1648; died, 1704.
Partridge, John, the astrologer, born, 1644; died, 1715.
Pascal, Blaise, French mathematician, born, 1623; died, 1662.
Pasquier, Steph. French poet, died, 1615, aged 81.
Paterculus, Vell. Latin historian, flourished, about 30.
Patrice, the heresiarch, flourished, 195. who taught, with all the errors of the age, that man was the production of the devil.
Patrick, St. first bishop in Ireland, carried captive there from Scotland at 16 years of age, died, 491, aged 122.
Patroclus, the Grecian general, slain by Hector, 1184 before Christ.
Patru, Oliver, French writer, born, 1604; died, 1681.
Pavillion, Stephen, French writer, died, 1705.
Paul, Father. See Sarpi.
Paul, of Thebais. See Monk, Vol. I.
Paul of Samosate, the heresiarch, who denied the divinity of Christ, appeared, 262.
Pausanias, the Greek historian, flourished, 160.
Peck, Francis, the antiquary, died, 1743.
Pelagius called to account for his opinions, 415, which were, that to confide in ones self is the only good. He denied original sin.
Pelham, Henry, the statesman, died, 1754, aged 60.
Pelisson, Paul, French writer, born, 1624; died, 1693.
Penn, William, first proprietor of Pennsylvania, born, 1644; died, 1718.
Penruddock, Colonel, executed, 1655.
Percy, Henry, earl of Northumberland, died, 1046.
Perdiccas, the Macedonian general, died, 321 before Christ.
Pergolesi, the Neapolitan composer, died, 1733.
Periander, the Greek philosopher, died, 557 before Christ.
Pericles, the Athenian general, died, 429 before Christ, aged 70.
Perrault, Cl. French physician, born, 1613; died, 1688; Charles, his brother, French poet, born, 1633; died, 1703.
Perrcaus, the two brothers, hanged for forgery, Jan, 17, 1776.
Perron, Cardinal du, French statesman, born, 1556; died, 1618.
Perseus, who delivered and married Andromeda, first king of Mycene, 1313 before Christ.
Persius Flaccus, the Latin satyrist, born, Dec, 4, 42; died, 70.
Pertinax, Roman emperor, murdered by his people, March 28, 193, aged 66.
Perugino, Peter, painter of Perousa, died, 1524, aged 78.
Pesaro, Simon da, Italian painter, born, 1612: died, 1648.
Petau, Dennis, French writer, born, 1583; died, 1652.
Petavius of France, Latin writer, died, 1652, aged 69.
Peter, the hermit, who stirred up princes to engage in the Holy War, flourished, 1100.
Peterborough, Charles, earl of, political writer and poet, died, 1735.
Petrarch, Francis, Italian peet, born at Arezzo, 1304; died, 1374.
Petronius Arbiter, the critic, died, 66 before Christ.
Peyrere, Isaac le, French writer, died, 1677.
Phaedrus, the Latin fabulist, born, 47 before Christ; died, 31.
Phalaris the Cruel, tyrannized over Sicily, about 561 before Christ.
Phaon. See Sappho.
Pharamond, first king of France, died, 428. See Salic.
Pharaoh ordered all the male children of the Hebrews to be destroyed, 1573; drowned, with his host, in the Red Sea, Monday, May 11, 1491 before Christ. See Memnon.
Pherecrates, the Greek comic poet, flourished, 330 before Christ.
Pherecydides of Athens, the Greek historian, flourished, 500 before Christ.
Phidias, the Athenian statuary, lived, 486 before Christ. See Statuary, Vol. I.
Philemon, the Greek comic poet, flourished, 346 before Christ.
Philetus of Coos, the Greek grammarian, flourished, 280 before Christ.
Philetus, the heresiarch, appeared, 55. He denied the resurrection of the body.
Philip II. of Macedon, began to reign, 360; murdered by Pausanias, 336 before Christ.
Philips, Catherine, the poetess, born, 1632; died, 1664.
Philips, Ambrose, the dramatic poet, died, 1748.
Philips, John, the poet, died, 1708, aged 32.
Philistes, of Syracuse, the Greek historian of Sicily, died, 367 before Christ.
Philiston, the Greek comic poet, flourished, about 15.
Philocles, the Greek comic poet, flourished, 434 before Christ.
Philo-Judaeus, the sacred historian, flourished, 40.
Philostratus, the Greek sophist, lived, about 200.
Philoxenes, the Greek poet, died, 380 before Christ.
Phocas, emperor of the East, taken prisoner by Heraclius, who ordered his arms, legs, and head to be cut off, and his trunk to be thrown into the fire, Oct. 610.
Photius, the heresiarch, who denied the divinity of Christ, flourished, 342.
Pibrac, Guy de, born, 1529; died, 1584.
Picard, a native of the Netherlands, who improved upon the errors of the Adamites, flourished, 1419.
Pilkington, Laet. dram. poetess, born, 1712; died, August 29, 1750.
Pilpay, the Indian philosopher, flourished, earlier than 230 before Christ.
Pindar, Greek lyric poet, died, 435 before Christ, aged 80.
Pisander, the Greek poet, flourished, 648 before Christ.
Pisistratus cotemporary with Solon.
Piso killed himself, on being called to an account for having poisoned Germanicus; 20. Seè Germanicus.
Pitcairne, Dr. Archibald, medical author, born, 1652; died, 1713.
Pithou, Pierre, French law writer, born, 1539; died, 1596.
Pizzaro, the Spanish admiral, that discovered Peru, killed, 1541, aged 63.
Plato, the Greek philosopher, died, 348 before Christ, aged 80.
Plautus, the Roman comic poet, died, 184 before Christ.
Pletho, Geo. Gemistus, reviver of platonism in Florence, died, 1490, aged 100.
Pliny, the elder, killed by an eruption of Vesuvius, 79, aged 56; Pliny, the younger, nephew to the former, died, 116.
Plot, Dr. Robert, the antiquary, died, 1696.
Plotinus, the platonic philosopher, died, 270.
Plutarch, the Greek historian, died, 119, aged 69.
Pocock, Reverend Dr. Edward, the orientalist, born, 1604; died, 1691.
Pole, Cardinal, died, Nov. 18, 1558, aged 58.
Polemburgh, Dutch painter, born, 1586; died, 1660.
Polignac, Cardinal, French writer, died, 1741.
Polybius, the Greek historian, born at Megelopolis, 205; died, 124 before Christ.
Polycarpus, father of the christian church, died, 167.
Polycletus, the Greek sculptor, flourished, about 432 before Christ.
Pomfret, Rev. John, the poet, born, 1667; died, 1709.
Pompey the Great, killed in Egypt, 48 before Christ.
Pope, Sir Thomas, founder of Trinity college, Oxford, born, 1508; died, 1558.
Pope, Alexander, the poet, died, 1744, aged 55.
Porphyry, of Tyre, the platonic philosopher, died, about 304, aged 71.
Porta, Battista, Italian poet, &c. died, 1615.
Postel, William, French writer, born, 1505; died, 1581.
Potter, archbishop of Canterbury, the antiquary, died, 1747, aged 73.
Pouch, Captain, the leader of an insurrection in Northamptonshire, hanged, 1607.
Poussin, Nich. French landscape painter, born, 1594; died, 1665.
Poussin, Gaspar, Italian painter, born, 1613; died, 1673.
Pratinas, Greek tragic poet, flourished, about 500 before Christ.
Praxagoras, the Greek historian, flourished, about 345.
Praxeas, the Phrygian heresiarch, appeared, 207: he denied the Trinity. His disciples were called Patropassians, from their holding, that God the Father suffered on the cross.
Praxilla, the Greek poetess, flourished, about 492 before Christ.
Praxiteles, the Greek statuary, died, after 288 before Christ.
Priam, king of Troy, slain by Pyrrhus, 1184 before Christ.
Prideaux, Rev. Dr. Humphry, the critic, born, 1648; died, 1724.
Prior, Matt the poet, died, Sept. 18, 1721, aged 56.
Probus, Roman emperor, murdered by his soldiers, August 282.
Procaccini, Camillus, Italian painter, born, 1546; died, 1626; Julius, his brother, the painter, born, 1548; died 1626.
Procopius, the Greek historian, flourished, 529.
Prodicus, the Grecian sophist, flourished, 436 before Christ.
Prometheus struck fire from flints, about 1715 before Christ. He being the first person, is said to have stolen it from heaven. Became author of all arts among the Greeks, 1687 before Christ.
Propertius, the Roman poet, died, 11 before Christ.
Protagoras, the Greek philosopher, banished from Athens for atheism, 434 before Christ.
Protogenes, the painter, cotemporary with Apelles.
Prudentius, the christian poet, born, 348; died, 412.
Prynne, William, a barrister, and voluminous writer, born, 1600; sentenced by the star-chamber to stand twice in the pillory, and lose his ears, to pay 5000l. and be imprisoned for life, for a libel against plays, and Laud's innovations in religious worship, 1633; pilloried, May 1634, and June 1637; his sentence reversed, and he took his seat in the long parliament, Nov. 28, 1640; died, Oct. 24, 1669. See Bastwick.
Psalmanazar, George, the pretended Formosan, died, 1763.
Ptolemais. See Acra.
Ptolemy, the astrologer, died, 162, aged 78.
Ptolemy, Soter, king of Egypt, died, 284, aged 92; Ptolemy Philadelphus, his second son, who established the Alexandrian library, died, 246 before Christ, aged 64.
Puffendorff, Baron de, the German philosopher, died, 1694, aged 62.
Purbachius, the mathematician, died, 1462.
Purcell, Henry, musical composer, born, 16
8; died, 1695.
Pulcheria, empress of Rome, died, 453.
Pyrrho, the Greek philosopher, died, about 286 before Christ, aged 90.
Pyrrhus began to reign at Epirus, 295; wounded in a battle with the Romans, in which he lost 20,000 men, they, 5000; killed, as he was sighting, by a woman's throwing a tile at his head, 272 before Christ. See Epirus.
Pythagoras, the philosopher, died, 497 before Christ, aged 80.
Q.
QUARLES, Francis, the poet, born, 1592; died, 1644.
Quevedo, the Spanish poet, born, 1570; died, 1647.
Quin, James, the comedian, died, 1766, aged 73.
Quinault, Phil. French dramatist, born, 1635; died, 1688.
Quincy, Marquis de le, French engineer, died, about 1720.
Quincy, Dr. John, medical writer, died, 1723.
Quintillian, the Latin orator, died, about 95.
Quintus Curtius. See Curtius.
Quiros, De, made his voyage into the South Seas, 1595.
R.
RAAY. See Hackman.
Rabelais, Francis, the French satyrist, born, 1483; died, 1553.
Rabutin, Count de Bussy, French poet, born, 1622; died, 1693.
Racan, Marquis of, French poet, born, 1589; died, 1670.
Racine, John, French dramatist, died, 1699, aged 59.
Radcliff, Dr. John, born, 1650; died, Nov. 1, 1714; his library, Oxford, opened, Apr. 13, 1745.
Raimond Lullé, the enthusiast, appeared, 1287.
Rainwell, John, mayor of London, 1426.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, for a conspiracy to set Arabella Stuart on the throne, was sentenced to die, 1603, but reprieved; and after a long confinement in the Tower, was, at his request, sent to the West Indies, with a fleet, in search of a gold mine, that he pretended to know of; but not finding it, and wilfully burning a town belonging to Spain, to satisfy the Spaniards, he was beheaded on his former sentence, Oct. 29, 1618, aged 76.
Ramsay, Andrew, polite writer, born, 1686; died, 1743.
Ramsey, William, the poet, died, 1180.
Ramus, Peter, French writer, born, 1515; died, 1573.
Ranby, John, chirurgical writer, died, 1773, aged 73.
Randolph, Tho. the poet, born, 1605; died, 1634.
Raphael, Italian painter, born, 1483; died, 1520.
Rapin, Nicholas, French poet, died, 1608, aged 68.
Rapin de Thoyras, the historian, died, May 16, 1725, aged 64.
Rasis, or Rhases, the Arabian physician, died, 932, aged 80.
Ray, Rev. John, the botanist, born, 1628; died, 1706.
Reamur, René, French mathematician, born, 1683; died, 1757.
Regiomontanus of Konisberg, the mathematician, died, 1476, aged 40.
Regnier, Mathurin, French satyrist, born, 1573; died, 1613.
Rembrandt, Dutch painter, born, 1606; died, 1668.
Retz, Cardinal de, died, 1679.
Rhases. See Rasis.
Rhees, the last king of South Wales, killed, 1094.
Ricaut, Sir Paul, the historian, died, 1700.
Ricci, the Venetian painter, born, 1659; died, 1734.
Richardson, Samuel, the novel writer, died, 1761, aged 57.
Richlieu, Cardinal, prime minister of France, born, 1585; died, Dec. 4, 1642.
Richmond, Countess of, Henry VIIth's mother, died, 1509.
Rigaud, Hyacinth. French painter, died, 1744.
Rochefoucauld, Duke of, French writer, died, 1680, aged 68.
Rochester, Zachary, bishop, learned writer, died, 1774.
Rochester, John Wilmot, earl of, the poet, died, July 26, 1680, aged 32.
Rollin, Charles, Fr. historian, died, 1741, aged 80.
Romano, Julio, Italian history painter, died, 1546, aged 54.
Romanelli, Italian painter, born, 1612; died, 1662.
Romulus. See Rome, Vol. I.
Ronsard, Peter, French poet, died, 1585, aged 60.
Rooke, Admiral Sir George, died, 1708, aged 47.
Rosa, Salvat. Italian painter and poet, born, 1615; died, 1673.
Roscius, the comedian, died, 61 before Christ.
Roscommon, Earl of, the poet, died, 1684.
Rosso, Italian painter, born, 1496; died, 1541.
Rotenhamer, Dutch painter, born, 1564; died, 1604.
Rotrou, French dramatic poet, born, 1609, died, 1650.
Rousseau, John Baptist, French poet, born, 1669; died, 1741.
Rowe, Nicholas, the poet, died, Dec. 6, 1718, aged 44; Elizabeth, his wife, the poetess, died, Feb. 20, 1737, aged 63.
Rowley, William, cotemporary with Shakespeare.
Rubens, Sir Paul, the Flemish portrait painter, born, 1577; died, 1640.
Rubilliac, the statuary, died, 1762.
Rupert, Prince, the general, died, Nov. 29, 1682, aged 62.
Rushworth, John, the historian, born, 1607; died, 1690.
Russen, Rev. Benj. hanged for a rape, December 14, 1777. See
Rem. occur. anno,
1777.
Ruysch, Fred. the Dutch anatomist, born, 1638; died, 1731.
Ruyter, the Dutch admiral, died in 1676, aged 69.
Ryer, Peter du, Fr. writer, born, 1605; died, 1678.
Rymer, Thomas, the antiquary, died, 1713.
Rysbrack, John, the sculptor, died, in 1762.
S.
SAADI, the Persian poet, flourished, about 1258.
Sabellus, the Egyptian, who taught no distinction in the Trinity, appeared, 263.
Sacchi, And. Italian painter, born, 1601; died, 1661.
Sadler, John, law writer, born, 1615; died, 1674.
St. Alban, the first English martyr, died, 303.
Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt, who supported himself against the united efforts of the christian princes, who carried on against him the Crusades, or Holy Wars, died, 1192, aged 57.
Salambini, Italian painter, born, 1536; died, 1583.
Salisbury, John of, the historian, born, 1110; died, 1179.
Salisbury, Sally, a noted prostitute, died in Newgate, Feb. 25, 1724.
Sallo, Dennis de, French writer, born, 1626; died, 1669.
Sallustius, the Latin historian, died, in 34 before Christ, aged 51.
Sambuc, John, the Hungarian physician and author, born, 1531; died, 1584.
Samuel, the 12th and last judge of Israel, born, 1139; ruled for 21 years, and anointed Saul first king of Israel; died, 1061 before Christ. See Saul.
Sanctorius, of Padua, medical writer, flourished, about 1610.
Sanderson, Sir William, the historian, died, 1676.
Sandys, Sir Edwin, the patriot, born, about 1561; died, 1629.
Sanquir, Lord, hanged for murder, 1612.
Santeuil, John Bapt. French poet, born, 1630; died, 1697.
Sanzio, Raphael, painter, born at Urbin, 1483; died, 1520.
Sappho, the Greek poetess, and mistress of Phaon, lived 603 before Christ.
Sarah, Abraham's wife, died, 1859 before Christ, aged 127.
Sardanapalus. See Jonas, Nineveh, Vol. I.
Sarpi, Father Paul, learned writer, born at Venice, 1552; died, 1623.
Sarrasin, John, French poet, born, 1604; died, 1654.
Sarto, And. Del, Italian painter, born, 1478; died, 1520.
Sassa Ferrato, Italian painter, born, about 1600.
Saturn, an ancient king of the Aborigines, said to be the son of Janus. See Aborigines, Vol. I. Janus.
Saul, first king of Israel, began to reign, 1095; rejected of God for disobedience, 1063; killed himself, 1055 before Christ.
Saumaise, Claude de, French writer, born, 1588; died, 1653.
Saunderson, Dr. the mathematician, died, 1739, aged 57.
Saurin, James, the Flemish theologian, born, 1677; died, 1730.
Sauvages,
François,
French medical writer, born, 1706; died, 1767.
Savage, Richard, the poet, born, 1698; condemned for murder, 1727; pardoned, 1728; died, 1743.
Savile, Sir Henry, the historian, born, 1549; died, 1622.
Saxe, Marshal count, son of Frederic king of Poland, died, 1750, aged 54.
Scaliger, Julius Caesar, the Italian critic, died, 1558, aged 75; Joseph, his son, French writer, died, 1609, aged 69.
Scanderbeg, the christian hero, died, 1467, aged 63.
Scarron, Paul, French comic writer, born, 1610; died, 1660. See Maintenon.
Schidon
Italian cieling painter, born, 1580; died, 1616.
Schrevelius, Cornelius, a learned Dutchman, died, 1667.
Scipio Africanus, the Roman general, died, 186 before Christ, aged 51.
Scott, Rev. John, author of the christian life, born, 1638; died, 1695.
Scotus, John, died, 883.
Scuderi, George, French poet, born, 1603; died, 1667; Magdalen, his sister, French Romance writer, born, 1607; died, 1701.
Seaton, Rev. Thomas, who instituted the prize poems at Cambridge, born, about 1684; died, 1750.
Sedley, Sir Charles, the poet, born, 1639; died, 1701.
Selden, John, the antiquarian, born, 1584; died, 1654.
Serres, John de, the Calvinist, and French writer, died, 1598.
Servetus born, 1509; burnt for opposing the Trinity, Oct. 27, 1553. See Unitarians.
Sesostris, or Rameses, began to reign in Egypt, 1485; died, 1416 before Christ.
Settle, Elkanah, dram. poet, born, 1648; died, 1724.
Severus, Alexander, Roman emperor, murdered 235.
Severus, S. Roman emperor, died at York, 211, aged 65.
Sevigné, Marchioness de, the letter writer, born, 1626; died, 1696.
Shadwell, Thomas, poet laureat, born, 1640; died, Nov. 20, 1692.
Shaftesbury, Ant. Ashley, earl of, born, 1621; died, 1683.
Shaftesbury, Cooper earl of, statesman and chancellor, died, 1713, aged 61.
Shakespere, William, born, April 23, 1564; died, April 23, 1616.
Sharp, archbishop of York, theological writer, born, 1644; died, 1714.
Sharpe, Rev. Dr. Gregory, theological writer, died, 1771.
Shem, son of Noah, died, 1846 before Christ, aged 600.
Shenstone, William, the poet, died, 1763.
Shepery, John, the poet, died, 1542, aged 33.
Shepheard, John, executed at Tyburn, 1725.
Sherburne, Sir Edward, born, 1618; killed in a mutiny at Oxford, June 12, 1646.
Sheridan, Rev. Dr. Thomas, the poet, born, 1685; died, 1738.
Sherlock, William, dean of St. Paul's, theological writer, born, 1641; died, 1707.
Sherlock, bishop of London, controversial writer, born, 1
78; cied, 1761.
Shirley, James, dramatic poet, born, 1594; died, 16
6.
Shovel, Sir Cloudsley, lost on the rocks of Scilly, Oct. 1707, aged 65.
Shuter, Edward, the comedian, died, Nov. 1776.
Sidney, Sir Philip, born, 1554; killed in battle, Sept. 22, 1586.
Sidney, Algernon, beheaded, for being concerned in the Rye-house plot, Dec. 17, 1683, aged 65.
Sidonius Apollinaris, bishop of Clermont, born, 430; died, 480.
Sigebert, the historian, died, 1113.
Simon Magus came to Rome, 41.
Simonides, the Greek poet, flourished, 503 before Christ.
Simpson, Thomas, the mathematician, died, 1761, aged 51.
Sirani, Elizabeth, Italian paintress, born, 1638; died, 1664.
Sirmond, James, French theologist, born, 1559; died, 1651.
Sisyphus, first king of Corinth, 1504 before Christ.
Sixtus, Quintus. See Pope.
Skelton, Rev. John, the poet, flourished, 1489; died, 1529.
Skinner, Stephen, the antiquary, born, 1622; died, 1607.
Sling
lanet, Peter, Dutch painter, born, 1640; died, 1691.
Sloane, Sir Hans, the naturalist; born, 1660; died, Jan. 11. 1752. His cabinet of curiosities, and library of 50,000 books, purchased by parliament for 20,000l. makes part of the British Museum. See Museum.
Smith, Rev. Dr. Thomas, divine historian, born, 1638; died, 1710.
Smith, Robert, the mathematician, died, 1769.
Smollet, Dr. the historian, died abroad, Sept. 1771.
Snape, Rev. Dr. Andrew, the theologian, died, 1742, aged 70.
Snyders, Francis, Flemish battle painter, born, 1587; died, 1657.
Sobieski, John, king of Poland, died, 1696, aged 72.
Socrates, the Greek philosopher, put to death, on a false accusation of atheism, 400 before Christ, aged 70.
Solimeni, Italian painter and poet, born, 1657; died, 1747.
Somerville, William, the poet, died, 1742.
Somner, Wm. the antiquary, born, 1606; died, 1669.
Sopater, the Greek comic poet, died, 406 before Christ, aged 91.
Sophia, Princess. See Hanover, Vol. I.
Sophocles, the Greek poet, died, 406 before Christ, aged 90.
Sophronia, a prefect's wife, stabbed herself, to escape the violent embraces of the emperor Maxentius, about 312.
Sorbiere, Sam. French writer, born, 1650; died, 1670.
Sosigenes, the Egyptian astronomer, who invented the Julian calendar, flourished, about 40 before Christ.
South, Rev. Dr. Robert, born, 1633; died, 1716.
Southern, Thomas, dram. writer, born, 1660; died, May 26, 1746.
Spanheim, Ezek. born at Geneva, 1629; died, 1710.
Spanheim, Fred. born at ditto, 1632; died, 1701.
Speed, John, the historian, died, July 1629, aged 76.
Spelman, Sir Henry, the antiquary, died, 1641, aged 80.
Spenser, Edmund, the poet, born, 1510; died, 1598.
Spinckes, Rev. Nathaniel, born, 1653; died, 1727.
Spinoza, the atheist, died at the Hague, 1677, aged about 44.
Spotswood, archbishop of St. Andrews, the historian, born, 1565; died, 1639.
Stackhouse, Rev. Tho. sacred historian, died, 1752.
Stafford, Lord viscount, beheaded through the perjury of Oates, &c. Dec. 1680.
Stanislaus, the abdicated king of Poland, philosophical writer, burnt to death by accident, 1766, aged 89.
Statius, the Latin poet, born, about 41; died, 96.
Steele. Sir Rich. dram. writer, born, 1676; expelled the House of Common
, 1713; died, Sept. 1, 1729.
Steiner, Isaac, violin-maker, flourished, 1674.
Stefan
, of Florence, painter, died, 1350, aged 49.
Stella, James, the French pastoral painter, born, 1
96; died, 163
.
Stephen, St. the first martyr, stoned, Dec. 26, 33.
Stephens, Robert, of Paris, a correct Latin printer, born, 1503; died, 1559; Henry, his son, equally famous in printing, born, 1528; died, 1598.
Sterne, Rev. Laurence, author of Tristram Shandy, born, 1713; died, March 1768.
Sternhold, Thomas, the poet, died, 1549.
Stillingfleet, bishop of Worcester, polemical writer, born, 1635; died, 1699.
Stilpo, of Megara, the stoic philosopher, died, after 294 before Christ.
Stirling, William, earl of, died, Feb. 1641.
Stone, archbishop of Armagh, the theologian, died, 1764.
Stourton, Lord, hanged for murder, 1557.
Stow, John, the antiquary, died, April 5, 1605, aged 80.
Strabo, the Greek historian, died, 25.
Strada, or Rome, the historian, died, 1649.
Strype, John, the memorialist, born, 1643; died, Dec. 1737.
Stukely, Dr. William, the antiquary, died, 1765, aged 78.
Sturmius, the German philosopher, born, 1507; died, 1589.
Suckling, Sir John, the poet, born, 1613; died, 1642.
Suetonius, the Roman historian, died, after 117.
Sueur, E
st. le, the French history painter, born, 1617; died, 1635.
Suidas, the Greek writer, lived, in 1087. The French say about 883.
Sully, Duke of, French historian, born, 1560: died, 1641.
Sulpiclur, of Aquitaine, the Latin historian, died, 420.
Sunderland, Robert, earl of, died, Sept. 28, 1702.
Sutton, Thomas, founder of the charter-house, born, 1532; died, 1611.
Suze, Madarne, countess de la, French poetess, died, 1673.
Swammerdam, John, the Dutch philosopher, born, 1637; died, 1681.
Swanevelt, the painter, born, about 1620.
Swift, Dean, poet, &c. died, Oct. 1745, aged 78.
Swithin, bishop of Winchester, died, 854.
Sydenham, Dr. Thomas, medical writer, died, December 29, 1689, aged 65.
Sylvester, Joshua, died, 1618, aged 55.
Sylvius, Aeneas, died, 1464.
Symachus, the Greek translator of the bible, flourished, 201.
Synge, archbishop of Tuam, theological writer, born, 1659; died, July, 4, 1741.
T.
TACITUS, the Roman historian, born, before 64; alive, 117.
Talbot. lord chancellor, died, 1737, aged 50.
Tamerlane, conqueror of Asia, born at Keck, 1336; died, 1405.
Tanner, bishop of St. Asaph, the antiquary, born, 1674; died, 1735.
Tarquin the Proud, who was the last monarch of Rome, preceding the republic, died, 493 before Christ, aged 90.
Tassi, the Italian tempest painter, born, 1580.
Tasso, Torquatus, Italian poet, died, 1595, aged 5
.
Tasso, Orland. the musician, died, 1594.
Tate, Nahum, poet laureat, died, 1716.
Tatti, the painter, of Florence, died, 1294, aged 81.
Taverner, William, dram. writer, died, 1731.
Taylor, bishop of Downe, theological writer, died, August 13, 1667.
Taylor, John, called the water poet, from being a waterman, died, 1654, aged 74.
Tell, William. See Grisler, Vol. I.
Temple, Sir William, political writer, died, Jan. 1699, aged 69.
Teniers, David, the Flemish rural painter, born, 1582; died, 1649. His son David,
ditto,
born, 1610; died, 1
94.
Terence born at Carthage; died, 159, aged 64; his comedies first acted, 154 before Christ.
Terpander, the Greek musician, lived about 706 before Christ.
Tertullian, father of the christian church, died, 196, aged 85.
Tertullian, the heresiarch, flourished, 205. He was a Montanist, taught that God was corporeal, and condemned repentance and second marriages.
Teucer, first king of Troy, 1502 before Christ.
Thales, chief of the seven sages of Greece, born, 640; died, 552 before Christ.
Thamiris, the poet, flourished, 1104 before Christ.
Themistius, the Greek orator, died, 386.
Themistocles, the Athenian general, died, 449 before Christ, aged 65.
Theobald, Lewis, wrote in George Ist's reign.
Theocritus, the Greek pastoral poet, flourished, 285 before Christ.
Theodore I. king of Corsica, 1736; confined many years in England for debt; died, 1757.
Theodoret, the ecclesiastical historian, died, 457, aged 70.
Theodorus, the Greek painter, flourished, 530.
Theodorus, of Miletes, the mathematician, flourished, 1284.
Theodosius the Great, the last Roman emperor, made his entry into Constantinople, 380; died, 39
, aged 60.
Theodotion, of Ephesus, who translated the bible into Greek, flourished, 175.
Theodotus, the heresiarch, that denied Christ's divinity, appeared, 196.
Theon, of Alexandria, the mathematician, flourished, about 385.
Theophrastus, the Greek philosopher, born at Lesbos, 322; died, about 288 before Christ.
Theseus, who slew the Minotaur, flourished, 1134 before Christ.
Thespis, the Greek tragic poet, flourished, about 536 before Christ.
Thomas, Elizabeth, died, Feb. 1731, aged 55.
Thomson, James, the poet, died, August 29, 1748, aged 47.
Thoresby, Ralph, the antiquary, born, 1658; died, 1725.
Thornhill, Sir Ja. the painter, died, 1734, aged 57.
Thornton, Bonnel, miscellaneous writer, died 1768.
Thou, Jam. Aug de, or Thuanus, French historian, born, 1553; died, 1617
Thrasybulus, the Athenian general, slain by the Aspendians, 390 before Christ.
Thrasyllus, the Greek astrologer, flourished at Rome, about 30.
Thuanus. See Thou.
Thucydides, the Greek historian, died, 391 before Christ.
Thucydides, the Athenian general, banished by Ostracism, 444 before Christ, aged 26.
Thurlow, John, the statesman under the Cromwells, born, 1616; died, 1668.
Thynne, Thomas, esq. shot in his coach, in PallMall, Feb. 12, 1682.
Tiberius Gracchus, consul of Rome, a famous orator, flourished, 165 before Christ.
Tibullus, the Latin poet, born, 43; died, 11 before Christ.
Tickel, Thomas, the poet, died 1740.
Tillemont, the French historian, born, 1637, died, 1698.
Tillotson, archbishop of Canterbury, theological writer, died, 1694, aged 65.
Tilly, Count, the Imperial general, flourished, 1631.
Timanthe, the Greek painter, cotemporary with Pamphile.
Timeus, a Greek historian, flourished, 262 before Christ.
Timoleon, of Syracuse, the Corinthian general, died, 337 before Christ.
Timon, of Athens, the misanthrope, lived, 420 before Christ.
Timotheus, the Greek musician and poet, died, 357 before Christ, aged 90.
Timotheus, St. disciple of St. Paul, died, Jan. 25, 97.
Tindal, Dr. Matthew, polemical writer, born, 1657; died, 1733.
Tintoret, Italian history painter, born, 1512; died, 1594.
Titian, the Venetian history painter, born, 1477; died, 1576.
Toland, Janus, the deist, born, 1670; died, 1722.
Tolet, Francis, the first Jesuit that was made a cardinal, died, 1596.
Tompion, Thom. the watchmaker died, 1669.
Tonstall, Cuth. bishop of Durham, polemical writer, born, about 1474; died, Nov. 28, 1559.
Torquatus, Manlius, the Roman general, caused his own son to be put to death, for having fought contrary to his orders, 340 before Christ.
Torricelli, the Italian mathematician, born, 1608; died, 1647.
Trap, Rev. Dr. Joseph, the poet, born, 1679; died, Nov. 1747.
Trapezuntius, George, Greek and Latin critic, died, 1481, aged 83.
Trenchand, John, political writer, born, 1669; died, 1723.
Tristran, Francis, French dramatist, born, 1601; died, 1655.
Trumbull born, 1639; died, 1716.
Trump, Van, the Dutch admiral, killed in an engagement, July 29, 1653.
Tudor, Sir Owen, married Catherine, Henry Vth's widow, soon after 1422, which alliance raised that family to the throne; he was grandfather to Henry VII.; beheaded, 1461, for taking part with the Lancastrians.
Tuffi, Andrew, Italian painter, died, 1294, aged 81.
Turenne, Marshall, French general, born, 1611; killed by a cannon-ball at Saltzbach, July 26, 1675.
Tycho Brahe, of Denmark, born, 1546; died, 1601.
Tyndale, William, one of the early reformers, suffered death at Antwerp as a heretic, 1536.
Tyrrell, James, the historian, born, 1642; died, 1718.
Tyrtaeus, the Greek poet, flourished, about 630 before Christ.
Tyssen
, Peter, of Antwerp, history painter, born, 1625; died, 1692.
U.
ULYSSES, the Grecian hero, flourished, 1149 before Christ.
Ulster, William, earl of, killed by his servants, 1333.
Usher, archbishop of Armagh, learned writer, born, 1581; died, March 20, 1656.
Uzziah, king of Juda, began to reign, 809 before Christ; reigned 52 years.
V.
VALENTIN, the heresiarch, appeared, 142. He admitted 32 divinites, produced two by two, male and female, each couple producing another couple.
Valerian, Roman emperor, taken prisoner by Sapor, king of Persia, 260.
Valerius Flaccus the Roman poet, died, 104.
Valerius Maximus, the Latin historian, flourished, in the Augustan age, about 45 before Christ.
Valesius, the Arabian philosopher, flourished, 250. He taught that concupiscence destroyed the liberty of man, and to be saved, they should make themselves Eunuchs.
Valois, Henry de, French historiographer, born, 1603; died, 1676.
Van Balen, the Dutch painter, born, about 1540.
Van Huysom, John, Dutch painter (flowers and fruits), born, 1682; died, 1749.
Van Oort, Adam, Flem. history painter, born, 1557; died. 1641.
Van Oost, James,
sen.
Flemish history and landscape painter, died, 1671, aged 71.
Jun. ditto,
born, 1637; died, 1713.
Van Oostade, Adrian, German rural painter, born, 1610; died, 1685. Isaac, his brother,
ditto,
born, 1617.
Van Orlay, Bern. Flemish history and landscape painter, born, 1490; died, 1560. Richard, the history painter, born, 1632; died, 1732.
Van Paris, a Dutchman, burnt for Arianism, in Edward VIth's reign.
Van Swieten, Baron, the physician, died, June 1772.
Vanburgh, Sir John, dramatic writer, died, Mar. 26, 1726.
Vandermeeren, John,
sen.
Dutch landscape and battle painter, died, 1690, aged 63. John,
jun.
landscape painter, died, 1688.
Vandermeulen, Anth. Flemish history painter, born, 1634; died, 1690.
Vandervelder, Adrian, Dutch history painter, born, 1639; died, 1672. William,
sen.
Dutch sea-piece painter, born, 1610; died, 1693. William,
jun. ditto,
born, 1633; died, 1707.
Vanderwerf, Adrian, Dutch history painter, born, 1659; died, 1727. Peter, his brother,
ditto,
born, 1665; died, 1718.
Vandiest, Adrian, Dutch landscape painter, died, 1704, aged 49.
Vandyck, Sir Anthony, born at Antwerp, 1599; died, 1641, at London.
Vanini died at Thoulouse, a martyr to atheism, being burnt, Feb. 19, 1619, aged 33.
Vanloo, John, French history painter, born, 1684; died, 1745. Carlo, his brother,
ditto,
born, 1705; died, 1765.
Vanmander, Charles, Flemish history and landscape painter, born, 1548; died, 1606.
Vannius, Fran
. Italian history painter, born, 1563; died, 1610.
Vansommer, Paul, Dutch portrait painter, died, 1626.
Vanuden, Dutch landscape painter, born, 1595; died, 1663.
Vargas, Ludovico de, Spanish history painter, born, 1528; died, 1590.
Varro, Terentius, the Roman general and grammarian, died, 28 before Christ, aged 88.
Vasari, George, Italian history painter, born, 1514; died, 1578.
Vaugelas, Claude, French critic, born, 1585; died, 1650.
Vaux, Nicholas, lord, the poet, died, 1523.
Vayer, Francis le, French writer, born, 1588; died, 1672.
Vecchio, Palma, Italian painter, born, 1508; died, 1556.
Velleius Paterculus, the Lat. historian, died, in 31.
Verbruggen, Henry, Dutch history painter, born, 1588; died, 1640.
Verhaecht, Tobias, Flemish landscape painter, born, 1566; died, 1631.
Vermeyen, John, Cornelius, Dutch history painter, born, 1500; died, 1559.
Veronese, Paul, Italian history painter, born, 1532; died, 1588.
Veronese, Paul, Ital. painter, born, 1600; died, 1670.
Verrio, Anthony, Ital. cieling painter, died, 1707.
Verrochio, And. Italian painter, died, 1488, aged 56.
Verstegan, Richard, died, after 1625.
Vertot, French historian writer, died, 1735, aged 80.
Vertue, Geo. Engl. engraver, died, 1756, aged 72.
Vida, Hieron. the Latin poet, died, 1566, aged 96.
Vieta, the French mathematician, born, 1540; died, 1603.
Villars, Marshal, the French general, died, 1734, aged 79.
Vinci, Leon. da, Italian painter, born, 1545; died at Paris, in the arms of Francis I. king of France, 1620.
Viner, Mr. founder of the law lectures, Oxford, died, June 1756.
Virgil born, at Andes, near Mantua, 69; died at Brundusium, in Italy, 18 before Christ.
Virgil, Polydore, the historian, died, 1555, aged 80.
Viterbes, Annius de, died, 1
92.
Vitruvius, the Roman architect, flourished, 44 before Christ.
Vittori, Pietro, died, 1585.
Voiture, Vincent, French poet, born, 1598; died, 1648.
Voltaire, miscellaneous writer, died, May 13, 1778, aged 85.
Vossius, John, German Latin writer, born, 1577; died, 1649. Isaac, his son, the critic, born, 1618; died, 1688.
Vouet, Simon, French history painter, born, 1582; died, 1641.
Vroom, Henry Corn. Dutch sea-piece painter, born, 1566.
W.
WADE, Marshal, English general, died, 1748, aged 75.
Wager, Admiral Sir Charies, died, 1743, aged 77.
Wagstaffe, Rev. Thomas, polemical writer, born, 1645; died, 1712.
Wake, archbishop of Canterbury, polemical writer, born, 1637; died, 1737.
Wales, Frederic prince of, father of George III. arrived in England, Dec. 1729; married the princess of Saxe-Gotha, Apr. 27, 1736; died of a pleurisy, March 30, 1751, aged 43; his princess died of a consumption, Feb. 8, 1772, aged 52.
Wales, George prince of, born, Aug. 12, 1762.
Waller, Edmond, the poet, conspired against the House of Commons, 1643, for which he was tried and condemned; but pardoned on paying 10,000l. died, 1687, aged 81.
Walpole, Sir Robert, earl of Orford, a statesman, expelled the House of Commons, and committed to the Tower, for taking a bribe, 1712; died, 1745, aged 81.
Walsh, William, the poet, born, 1659; died, 1708.
Walsingham, Sir Francis, secretary of state to Elizabeth, died, 1590.
Walsingham, Thomas, the historian, flourished, about 1
22.
Walter, of Hemingford, Engl. historian, died, 1347.
Walton, Brian, editor of the Polyglot bible, born, 1600; died, 1661.
Ward, bishop of Sarum, the mathematician, born, 1618; died, 1689.
Ward, Dr. John, the antiquary, born, 1679, died, 1758.
Ware, Sir James, Irish historian, born, 1604; died, 1666.
Warin, John, Flemish engraver, born, 1604; died, 1672.
Warren, Admiral Sir Peter, died, 1752, aged 49.
Waterland, Rev. Daniel, theological writer, born, 1683; died, 1740.
Watson, Sir Charles, admiral, died, 1759, aged 44.
Watteau, Anthony, French landscape painter, born, 1684; died, 1721.
Watts, Isaac, the Independent minister, born, 1673; died, 1748.
Wepfer, John, the German anatomist, died, 1695.
We
, Admiral, died, 1757, aged 43.
Westminster, Matthew of, the historian, died, about 1380.
Wharton, Sir George, the royalist, born, 1617; died 1681.
Wharton, Philip duke of, died, about 1731.
Whichcot, Rev. Benj. the theological writer, born, 1609; died, 1683.
Whiston, Rev. William, the astronomer, born, 1667; died, 1752.
Whitby, Rev. Daniel, polemical writer, born, 1638; died, 1726.
Whitehead, Paul, the poet, born, 1710; died, 1774.
Whitelocke, Bulstrode, the politician, born, 1605; died, 1676.
Whitfield, Rev. George, founder of the methodists, born, 1714; excluded the church, May 10, 1739; died, 1770. See Methodism.
Whittington, Sir Richard, mayor of London, 1377.
Whittington, Robert, the rhetorician, flourished, 1530.
Wickliffe, the reformer, the first of any eminence that opposed popery, born, 1324; preached against the pope's supremacy, 1377; died, 1385; and 48 years after his bones were burnt for being a heretic.
Wicks, Thomas, the historian, flourished, 1290.
W
cocks, Rev. Thomas, flourished, 1599.
W
, Jo
than. hanged, May 24, 1725.
Wi
ens, John, Flem, landscape painter, born, 1600; died, 1644.
Wilkins, bishop of Chester, philosophical writer, born, 1582; died, 1672.
Wilks, the player, cotemporary with Betterton.
William, of Spires, the mathematician, flourished, 1081.
William, archbishop of Tyre, historian of the Crusa
es, died, 1184.
Willis, Brown, the antiquary, born, 1682; died, 1760.
Willis, Dr. Thomas, medical writer, born, 1621; died, 1675.
Wilson, Samuel, esq. bequeathed 20,000l. to be lent out in small sums to industrious tradesmen, 1771.
Wilson, Arthur, the historian, born, 1596; died. 1652.
Winchelsea, Anne countess of, died, 1720.
Wingate, Edm. died, Dec. 16, 1656, aged 61.
Winkelman, Abbé, murdered at Trieste, 1768.
Winslow, James, the Danish anatomist, born, 1669; died, 1760.
Wishart, the reformer, burnt at St. Andrews, 1546.
Witsius, Herman, the Dutch historian, died, 1708.
Witz, de, John, the Dutch statesman and patriot, with his brother, murdered by the populace at the Hague, August 10, 1672.
Woden, or Odin, was a leader of the Asiatic Goths, some few years before Christ. By the Scandinavians he was stiled a god.
Woodward, Dr. the philosopher, born, 1665; died, 1728.
Wolfe, General James, killed at the siege of Quebec, 1759, aged 33.
Wolfius died, 1580, aged 64.
Wollaston, Rev. William, the philosopher, born, 1659; died, 1724.
Wood, Anthony, the biographer, born, 1632; died, 1695.
Woolston, Rev. Thomas, polemical writer, born, 1669; punished for blasphemy, 1720; died, 1733.
Wormius, Olaus, the Danish historian, born, 1583; died, 1654. Christian, his grandson, the historian, died, 1737.
Wotten, Edward, natural philosopher, died, 1555, aged 63.
Wotton, Sir Henry, statesman and poet, born, 1568; died, 1639.
Wotton, Rev. William, critic and philosopher, born, 1666; died, 1726.
Wouters, Francis, Flemish landscape painter, died, 1659.
Wouvermans, Philip, Dutch landscape painter, born, 1620; died, 1688.
Wren, Sir Christopher, the surveyor, knighted, 1674; died, 1723, aged 90.
Wyatt, Sir Thomas, the poet, died, 1541, aged 37.
Wycherly, William, the comic poet, born, 1640; died, 1715.
Wynants, John, Dutch landscape painter, born, 1600; died, 1670.
X.
XANTIPPUS, at the head of the Carthaginians, defeated the Romans, killed 30,000, and took 15,000 prisoners; the Romans lost, at the same time, by shipwreck, 220 ships, 255 before Christ.
Xavier, S. Francis, a Jesuit, one of the earliest missionaries to the Indies, died, 1552.
Xenocrates, the Grecian philosopher, died, about 314 before Christ.
Xenocrates, the Greek physician, practised at Rome, about 60.
Xenophanes, the Greek poet, flourished, 580 before Christ.
Xenophen, the Athenian historian, died at Corinth, 359 before Christ, aged about 90.
Xer
, king of Persia, began his expedition against Gree
e, 481; killed by Artabanes, 464 before Christ.
Xime
es, Cardinal de, regent of Spain, died, 1517, aged 80.
Y.
YALDEN, Rev. Dr. Thomas, political writer, died, 1736, aged 65.
York, Edward, duke of, elder brother to George III. died at Monaco, Sept. 17, 1767, aged 27.
York, Charles, lord chancellor, killed himself, Jan. 1770.
Young, Dr. Edward, the poet, died, 1765, aged S
.
Z.
ZAMET died, 1614.
Zamolxis, the Greek philoscopher, flourished, 520 before Christ.
Zechariah flourished, 520 before Christ.
Zeno, the Greek philosopher, founder of the Stoics, died, 264, aged 98.
Zeno, of Sidon, the epicurean philosopher, flourished, 83.
Zenobia, queen of Palmyra, 273; died, about 280.
Zenodotus, librarian at Alexandria, 287 before Christ.
Zephaniah, the prophet, flourished, 641 before Christ.
Zeuxis, the Greek painter, flourished, 468 before Christ.
Zinzendorf, Count, a German, chief of the Moravians, whom he introduced into England, died, 1760, aged 70. See Moravians.
Zoilus, the Greek rhetorician, flourished, 259 before Christ.
Zonaras, the Greek historian, flourished, 1118.
Zoroaster, the Persian philosopher, 2066 before Christ.
Zosimus, the Greek historian, flourished, 425.
Zouche, Richard, the civilian, died, 1660.
Zucchero, Frederic, Italian history painter, born, 1543; died, 1609.
Zuinglius, the reformer, killed in the Swiss war, 1531, aged 44.
A LIST of the KINGS of the SAXON HEPTARCHY.
I. KENT.
 
 
Reigned years.
Pagans.
1. Hengist
31
2. Esca
24
3. Otta, or Octa
20
4. Immeric
29
Christians.
5. Ethelbert
56
6. Eadbald.
24
7. Ercombert
24
8. Edgbert
9
9. Lothair
12
10. Edric
7
11. Withred
33
12. Edbert
23
13. Edilbert
11
14. Alric
34
15. Edilbert
3
16. Cuthred
8
17. Baldred
18
II. SOUTH-SAXONS, or SUSSEX.
Pagans.
1. Ella
32
2. Cissa
75
 
3. Ethelwolf
25
 
4. Berthune
 
 
5. Authune
 
III. WEST SAXONY, or WESSEX.
Pagans.
1. Cerdic
16
2. Cynric
26
3. Ceaulin
31
4. Cebric
6
5. Ceolwalf
14
Christians.
6. Cinegils and Rinchelm
31
7. Kenewall and Sexburge
32
8. Esciwin
2
9. Kentwin
9
Pagan.
10. Cedwalla
2
Christians.
11. Ina
38
12. Ethelhard
14
13. Cuthred
14
14. Sigebert
15. Kinewulf
29
16. Brithric
16
17. Edgbert
37
IV. EAST SAXONY, or ESSEX. The time these kings reigned are not mentioned, because there is nothing certain of them.
Pagans.
1. Erkenwin.
2. Sleda.
Christians.
3. Sebert.
4. Sexred, Seward, and Sigebert, brothers.
5. Sigebert the Little.
6. Sigebert the Good.
7. Swithelm.
8. Sigher and Seba.
9. Sigheard and Senfred.
10. Offa.
11. Selred.
12. Swithred.
V. NORTHUMBERLAND.
Pagans.
1. Ida
12
2. Ella
30
3. Edelric
4
4. Edelfrid
24
Christians.
5. Edwin
17
6. Oswald
9
7. Oswy
28
8. Egfrid
15
9. Alfrid
19
10. Osred
11
11. Kenred
2
12. Osric
11
13. Ceolwulf
8
14. Egbert, alias Eaadbert
20
15. Osulf
1
16. Ethelwald, alias Mollo
6
17. Alured
9
18. Ethelred, alias Ethelbert
4
19. Alfwold
11
20. Osred; then Ethelbert again.
 
After Ethelred was slain, there was an Interregnum of 33 years, during which time, the kingdom was in the possession of Edgbert, king of the West-Saxons.
VI. EAST-ANGLES.
Pagans.
1. Ussa
7
2. Titist
10
3. Redwald
44
4. Eorpwald
12
Christians.
5. Sigebert.
 
6. Egric.
 
7. Anna
13
8. Ethelbert.
 
9. Ethelwald
9
10. Adulf
19
11. Elfwald
7
12. Beorna
24
13. Ethelred
52
14. Ethelbert
5
When Ethelbert was slain by Offa, it was united to Mercia; yet St. Edmund reigned afterwards, and was murdered by the Danes, in 870.
VII. MERCIA.
 
 
Reigned years.
Pagans.
Cridda, Wibba, and Cheorl, petty kings.
 
1. Penda, Ann. Dom. 625.
 
Christians.
2. Peada and Oswy, dukes
3
3. Wulfer
16
4. Ethelred, alias Aedired
30
5. Kenred
4
6. Ceolred
8
7. Ethclbald
41
8. Beornred
1
9. Offa
38
10. L
fer
1
11. Kenulf
2
12. Kenelm and Ceolulf
1
13. Beornulf
3
14. Ludecan
2
15. Withlaf
13
16. Bertulf
13
17. Burrhed
22
11. Ceolwulf.
 
See Heptarchy, in the Alphabet, Vol. I.
KINGS of SCOTLAND, and the Time they reigned.
The first King, FERGUS I. began to reign 328 before Christ.
began to reign.
names.
1003,
Malcolm II the 84th monarch.
1033,
Duncan, grandson to Malcolm.
1040,
Macbeth,
Tyrant,
grandson to Malcolm II.
1057,
Malcolm III. son of Duncan.
1093,
Donald VII. brother to Malcolm.
1094,
Duncan II. natural son to Malcolm III.
1096,
Edgar, son of Malcolm III.
1106,
Alexander, brother to Edgar.
1124,
David, brother to Alexander.
1153,
Malcolm.
1165,
William, brother to Malcolm.
12
,
Alexander II. son to William.
124
,
Alexander III. son to Alexander.
1285.
Interregnum.
1242,
John Baliol, descendant of David I.
1
26,
Robert I.
ditto.
1320,
David II. (son to Robert) and Edward.
1370,
Robert II. the first of the Stuarts, nephew to David.
1390,
John Robert, son to Robert.
1423,
James I. son to John.
1437,
James II. son to James.
1400,
James III. son to James.
1488,
James IV. son to James.
1533,
James V. son to James.
1542,
Mary Stuart, daughter to James.
1567,
James VI. son to Mary.
The successors of James VI. became kings of England till 1707, when the two kingdoms were united.
A LIST of the KINGS of FRANCE since WILLIAM the CONQUEROR.
 
died.
Henry I.
1060
Philip I. son of Henry
1108
Lewis VI. son of Philip
1137
Lewis VII. son of Lewis
1180
Philip II. the August, son of Lewis
1223
Lewis VIII. son of Philip
1226
Lewis IX. Saint, son of Lewis
1270
Philip III. the Hardy, son of Lewis
1285
Philip IV. the Fair, son of Philip,
1314
Lewis X. son of Philip
1316
Philip V. brother to Lewis
1323
Charles IV. the Fair, brother to Philip
1327
Edward of England crowned.
 
Philip V. the Courtier, nephew to Charles IV.
1350
John, died in London, son to Philip
1364
Charles V. the Wise, son to John
1380
Charles VI. the Well-beloved, son to Charles
1422
Charles VII. the Victorious, son to Charles
1462
Henry VI. of England proclaimed.
 
Lewis XI. son to Charles
1482
Charles VIII. son to Lewis
1498
Lewis XII. cousin to Charles
1515
Francis I.
1524
Henry II. son to Francis
1559
Francis II. son to Henry
1560
Charles IX. brother to Francis
1574
Henry III. brother to Charles
1589
Henry IV. twenty-second cousin to Henry III.
1610
Lewis XIII. son to Henry
1643
Lewis XIV. son to Lewis
1715
Lewis XV. grandson to Lewis
1774
Lewis XVI.
ditto
to Lewis.
 
KINGS of POLAND.
 
began to reign.
Uladislaus I. the twentieth sovereign, brother to the last king
1082
Boleslaus III. son of Uladislaus
1102
Uladislaus II. son of Boleslaus
1140
Boleslaus IV. son of Uladislaus
1146
Mieceslaus III. brother of Boleslaus
1173
Cassimir II. brother of Mieceslaus
1178
Lescus V. son of Cassimir
1194
Mieceslaus III.
1200
Uladislaus III. son of Mieceslaus
1203
Lescus V. again
1206
Boleslaus V. son of Lescus
1228
Lescus VI. nephew of Lescus V.
1279
Premislaus, duke of Great Poland
1295
Uladislaus IV.
1296
Wenceslaus
1300
Uladislaus IV. again
1306
Gassimir III. son of Uladislaus
1333
Lewis, king of Hungary, nephew to Cassimir
1370
Hedwigis, married in 1385 to
1383
Uladislaus V. husband of Hedwigis, and king of H
ngary
1385
Uladislaus VI. son of Uladislaus and king of Hungary
1434
Boleslaus VI. duke of Massovia
1444
Cassimir IV. brother to Uladislaus VI.
1447
John, son of Cassimir
1492
Mexander, brother to John
1502
Sigismund I. brother of Alexander
1507
Sigismund II. son of Sigismund
1548
Henry, brother to Charles VI. of France
1573
Stephen, king of Transilvania
1576
Sigismund III. son of the king of Sweden
1583
Uladislaus VII. son of Sigismund
1632
John II.
1648
Michael, a Russian prince
1669
John Sobieski, grand marshal of Poland
1674
Frederick II. elector of Saxony
1697
Stanislaus I.
1704
Frederick II. again
1710
Frederick III. son of Frederick II.
1733
Stanislaus II. count Poniatowsky
1764
KINGS of SWEDEN.
 
began to reign.
Ingo, sixth monarch
1060
Halstan, brother of Ingo
1064
Philip, son of Halstan
1080
Ingo II. son of Philip
1100
Ragwald
1130
Magnus I. son of Nich. king of Denmark
1133
Suercher II.
1144
Eric X.
1150
Charles VII. son of Suercher II.
1162
Canute, son of Eric X.
1168
Suercher III. son of Charles VII.
1192
Eric XI. son of Canute
1211
John I. son of Suercher III.
1220
Eric XII. son of Eric XI.
1223
Waldemar, nephew to Eric XII.
1250
Magnus II. brother to Waldemar
1279
Birgir II. son to Magnus
1290
Magnus II. nephew to Birgir
1320
Albert
1365
Margaret, queen of Denmark and Norway
1394
Eric XIII. nephew to Margaret
1411
Christopher, nephew to Eric
1441
Charles VIII.
1448
Christian I. king of Denmark
1458
Charles VIII. again
1469
Christian I. again
1471
John II. son of Christian
1497
Christian II. son of John.
1520
Gustavus I. Vasa, grand nephew to Charles VIII.
1528
Eric XIV. son of Gustavus
1556
John III. brother to Eric
1569
Sigismund I. king of Poland, son to John
1592
Charles IX. brother to John III.
1606
Gustavus II. son to Charles
1611
Christiana, daughter to Gustavus
1633
Charles X. cousin to Christiana
1654
Charles XI. son to Charles
1660
Charles XII. son to Charles
1699
Ulrique, sister to Charles
1718
Adolphus, duke of Holstein
1751
Gustavus III. son of Adolphus
1771
KINGS of DENMARK.
 
began to reign.
Canute II. nineteenth monarch, king of Engl.
1014
Hardicanute II. king of Engl. son of Canute
1036
Magnus I. king of Norway, who united the two crowns
1041
Suenon, nephew of Canute II.
1048
Harold IV. natural son of Suenon
1079
Canute III. brother to Harold
1080
Olaus II. brother to Canute
1086
Eric III. brother to Olaus
1097
Nicholas, brother to Eric
1106
Eric IV. nat. son of Eric III.
1135
Eric V. nephew to Eric IV.
1138
Suenon III. nat. son to Eric III.
1147
The kingdom divided between him and Canute IV.
 
Waldemar I.
1157
Canute V. son of Waldemar
1182
Waldemar II. son of Canute
1202
Eric VI. son of Waldemar
1240
Abel I. brother to Eric
1250
Christopher I. brother to Abel
1252
Eric VII. son of Christopher
1259
Eric VIII. son of Eric
1286
Christopher II. brother to Eric He divided the kingdom with his son Eric IX.
1319
Waldemar III.
1340
Olaus III. grandson to Waldemar
1375
Margaret I. mother to Olaus
1385
Eric X. nephew to Margaret
1411
Christopher III. nephew to Eric
1439
Christian I.
1448
John, son to Christian
1481
Christian II. son to John
1513
Frederick I.
1523
Christian III. son of Frederic
1534
Frederic II. son of Christian
1559
Christian IV. son of Frederick
1588
Frederick III. son of Christian
1648
Christian V. son of Frederick
1670
Frederick IV. son of Christian
1699
Christian VI. son of Frederick
1730
Frederick V. son of Christian
1746
Christian VII. son of Frederick
1766
KINGS of SPAIN since the UNION of CASTILE and ARRAGON.
 
began to reign.
Ferdinand and Isabella
1492
Joan, daughter of Isabella
1504
Philip, husband to Joan.
 
Charles, afterwards Emperor of Germany
1506
Philip II. son of Charles, married to Mary I. of England
1556
Philip III. son of Philip
1598
Philip IV. son of Philip
1621
Charles II. son of Philip
1665
Philip V. grandson to Lewis XIV. of France
1700
Lewis, son to Philip,
1724
Ferdinand VI. son of Philip
1746
Philip V. again
1727
Charles III. half brother to Ferdinand
1759
Navarre was a separate kingdom till united to Spain in Philip III.
The kings of Spain were kings of Portugal from 1580 till the Revolution, under the duke of Braganza, in 1640.
KINGS of PORTUGAL since the REVOLUTION under BRAGANZA, 1640.
 
began to reign.
John IV.
1640
Alfonso VI. son of John
1646
Peter II. brother to Aifonso
1683
John V. son of Peter
1706
Joseph, son of John
1750
Mary, Daughter of Joseph
1777
KINGS of PRUSSIA.
 
began to reign.
Frederick I. first king
1701
Frederick II. son to Frederick
1713
Frederick III. son to Frederick II.
1740
KINGS of HUNGARY and BOHEMIA.
 
began to reign.
Solomon, seventh king
1063
Geiza I. son of the last king but one
1073
St. Ladislaus, brother to Geiza
1076
Coloman, son of Geiza
1095
Stephen II. son of Coloman
1114
Bela II. son of Stephen's uncle
1131
Geiza II. son of Bela
1141
Stephen III. son of Geiza
1161
Bela III. brother to Stephen
1173
Emeric, son to Bela
1191
Ladislaus II. son of Emeric
1200
Andrew II. son of Bela III.
1201
Bela IV. son of Andrew
1235
Stephen IV. son of Bela IV.
1275
Ladislaus III. son of Stephen
1278
Andrew III
1291
Wenceslaus, son of the king of Bohemia
1301
Otho, duke of Bavaria
1304
Charles
13
9
Lewis I. son of Charles
1342
Mary, daughter of Lewis
1383
Mary, and Sigismund her husband, emperor of Germany
1389
Albert, son in law to Sigismund, and king of Bohemia
1437
Ladislaus IV. king of Poland
1440
Ladislaus V. posthumus son of Albert
1444
Matthias I.
1458
Ladislaus VI. king of Bohemia, and son of the king of Poland
1490
Lewis II. son of Ladislaus
1516
John
1526
Ferdinand I (brother in law to Lewis II.) king of Bohemia, and afterwards emperor of Germany
1527
John again
1534
John II. son of John
1539
Maximilian, son of Ferdinand I. and emperor of Germany
1561
Rodolphus, son of Maximilian and emperor of Germany
1573
Matthias II. brother to Rodolphus, and emperor of Germany
1609
Ferdinand II. brother to Matthias, and emperor
1618
Ferdinand III. son of Ferdinand, and emperor of Germany
1625
Ferdinand IV. son of Ferdinand III.
1647
Leopold, brother to Ferdinand IV. and emperor of Germany
1656
Joseph, son to Leopold, and emperor
1687
Charles VI. brother to Joseph, and emperor
1711
Maria, daughter of Charles, and married to Fran. I. emperor of Germany
1740
Joseph II. son of Maria, and emperor
1780
EMPERORS of RUSSIA.
 
began to reign.
John III. succeeded his father as Great Duke or Czar
1462
Demetrius, grandson of John
1504
Basile V. son of John III.
1504
John IV. son of Basile
1534
Theodore I. son of John IV.
1584
Bovise, brother to Theodore's wife
1598
Theodore II. son of Bovise
1605
Demetrius II.
1605
Chouski
1606
Michael, a relation of the preceding Czar's
1613
Alexis, son of Michael
1645
Theodore III. son of Alexis
1676
Peter I. brother of Theodore
1682
Catherine I. wife of Peter I. crowned empress
1725
Peter II. son of Alexis
1727
Ann, niece to Peter I.
1730
John V. son of Ann's niece, aged two months
1740
Elizabeth, daughter of Peter I.
1741
Peter III. nephew to Elizabeth
1762
Catherine II. wife of Peter III.
1763
EMPERORS of ROME, from the Foundation of ROME, 753 before Christ.
names.
began to reign.
 
Bef. Xt.
Romulus,
first king
753
Interregnum
716
Numa Pompilius
715
Tullus Hostilius
672
Battle of the Horatii and Curatii
669
Ancus Martius
640
Tarquin,
the elder
616
Servius Tullius
578
Tarquin,
the proud
534
Republic of Rome
500
Augustus
first Rom. Em.
31
 
Aft. Xt.
Tiberius
14
Caligula
37
Claudius
41
Nero
54
L. Clodius Macer. Tyran.
 
Galba
68
Otho
69
Vitellius
69
Vespasian
69
Titus
79
Domitian
81
Nerva
96
Trajan
98
Adrian
117
Antoninus Pius
138
M. Aurelius
161
L. Verus
161
M. Aurel.
alone
170
Commodus
180
Pertinax
193
Didius Julianus
193
Pescenius Niger
193
Clodius Albinus
 
S. Severus
193
M. A. Antoninus
211
P. Sept. Geta
211
M. Apel. Sev. Macrinus
217
M. Aur. Ant. Elagabalus
218
Alexander Severus
222
Uranius Tyran.
 
C. Jul. Verus Maximus
235
M. Ant. Africanus,
elder
237
M. Ant. Africanus,
younger,
237
Pupienus and B
lbinus
237
Gordian III.
238
Philippus,
father
244
Philippus,
son.
 
T. Jul. Mar. Pacatianus.
 
P. Sarvil. Marinus.
 
Decius
249
Herennius Etruscus.
 
Hostilianus
251
L. Priscus Tyran.
 
Jul. Valens, Tyr.
 
M. Aufidius Perpenna, Tyran.
 
Trebonianus Gallus.
 
Vibius Volusianus.
 
C. Jul. Aemilianus
253
Licin. Valerianus,
father
253
Lic. Egnat. Gallienus,
son of Valerianus alone
253
Lic. Valerianus,
son of Valer.
 
Lic. Salonius,
son of Gallien.
 
Sulpicius Antoninus.
 
M. Aur. Cl Gothicus
268
Quintilius,
brother of Claudius.
 
Domet. Aurelianus
270
Firmius, Tyrant, in Egypt.
 
Tetricus, Tyrant among the Gauls.
 
Athenodorus.
 
Heroias Vabalathus.
 
A. Septimius.
 
Interregnum
275
Tacitus
275
Florianus
276
Probus
276
Saturnius, Proculus, Bonosius.
 
M. Aurel. Carus
282
M. Aurel. Carinus.
 
Numerianus.
 
M. Aur. Julian. Sabrinus
284
Dioclesian and Maxim. Hercules.
 
Selvius Amandus, Pomponius, Aelianus, Carausius, Allectus, Epideus Achilleus, Domitius Domitianus, Tyran.
 
Const. Chlorus, & Galer. Val. Maximinus
305
Flav. Val. Severus.
 
C. Gal. Val. Maximinus.
 
M. Aur. Val. Maxentius.
 
Alexander, Tyran.
 
P. Val. Lic. Lycinius Caesar.
 
Valerius Valens.
 
Martinianus.
 
Constantine,
the Gr.
 
Constantine,
the younger,
died in 340
337
Constance
337
Saturninus
337
Constant
337
Magnentius, Nepotianus, Vetranion and Sylvanus, Tyrants.
 
Julian,
the apostate
361
Jovian
363
After this time, the Roman Empire was divided into Western and Eastern; Rome being the capital of the first, Constantino ple of the last. The Western ended in 494; the Eastern in 1204.
WESTERN EMPIRE.
Seat,
—ROME.
 
began to reign.
Valentinian I.
364
Gratian
375
Valentian II.
383
Honorius, son of Theodosius the Great
394
John
423
Valentinian III.
425
Maximus
455
Avilus
455
Majorianus
457
Severus III.
461
Anthemius
466
Olybrius
473
Glycerius
474
Julius
474
Orestes
475
Romulus
476
The next emperor took the title of king of Italy, whose successors afterwards, in Charlemagne, became emperors of Germany, 800, and were crowned at Rome. See Emperors of Germany.
EASTERN EMPIRE.
Seat,
—CONSTANTINOPLE.
 
began to reign.
Valens
364
Theodosius the Great
379
Arcadius, son of Theodosius the Great
395
Theodosius II.
408
Marcian
450
Leo I.
457
Leo II.
474
Zeno
474
Anastasius
491
Justin
518
Justinian
527
Justin II.
565
Tiberius
581
Mauritius
586
Phocas
602
Heraclius
610
Constantine III.
641
Constantine IV.
641
Constans II.
642
Metius
668
Constantine V.
668
Justinian II.
685
Leo III.
694
Absimaris
696
Justinian III.
703
Philippicus
711
Anastasius II.
713
Theodosius III.
714
Leo IV.
716
Constantine VI.
741
Leo V.
775
Constantine VII.
780
Irene
797
Nicephorus
802
Saturacius
811
Michael
811
Leo VI.
813
Michael II.
821
Theophilus
829
Michael III.
842
Basilius
867
Leo VII.
886
Constantine IX.
910
Romanus II.
959
Nicephorus II.
963
Zemisees
970
Basilius II. and Constantine X.
975
Romanus III.
1028
Michael IV.
1033
Michael V.
1041
Constantine XI.
1041
Theodora
1054
Michael VI.
1056
Isaac
1057
Constantine XII.
1059
Michael VII.
1067
Romanus IV.
1068
Michael VIII.
1071
Nicephorus III.
1078
Alexius
1080
John
1118
Emanuel
1142
Alexius II.
1180
Andronicus
1183
Isaac II.
1185
Alexius III.
1195
Isaac III.
1203
Alexins IV.
1204
After this, the empire was divided into those of Adrianople and Constantinople, till they were united again by conquest under Mahomet II. emperor of Constantinople, May 29, 1448. See Emperors of Constantinople.
EMPERORS of CONSTANTINOPLE.
 
began to reign.
Mahomet II. (Se Eastern Empire.)
1451
Corcutus, grandson to Mahomet
1481
Zemin, father to Corcutus
1481
Bajazet II. brother to Zemin
1481
Selim, son to Bajazet
1512
Solyman II. son to Selim
1520
Selim II. son to Solyman
1566
Amurath
. son to Selim
1574
Maheme
III. son to Amurath
1595
Athme
son to Mahomet
1604
Musta
brother to Achmet
1617
Osma
nephew to Mustapha
1617
Mustapha again
1622
Amu
IV. grandson to Mustapha
1623
ham, brother to Amurath
1640
M
IV. son to Ibraham
1655
Soly
III. brother to Mahomet
1687
A
brother to Solyman
1691
Mu
II. son to Mahomet IV.
1695
Achm
III. brother to Mustapha
1703
Mahomet V.
1730
Osman III. brother to Mahomet
1754
Mustapha III. brother to Osman
1757
Achmet III. or Adulhamed, brother to Mustapha
1774
EMPERORS of GERMANY.
 
began to reign.
Charlemagne, first emperor. (See Western Empire.)
800
Lewis I. son of Charlemagne
814
Lotharius I. son of Lewis
840
Lewis II. son of Lotharius
845
Charles II. nephew to Lewis
875
Lewis III. son of Charles
878
Charles III
brother to Lewis III.
880
Arnolph. bastard brother to Charles
888
Lewis IV. son of Arnolph
900
Conrade I. duke of Hesse, first elected emperor
912
Henry, duke of Saxony
920
Otho I. son of Henry
936
Otho II. son of Otho I.
974
Otho III. son of Otho II
983
Henry II. duke of Bavaria, cousin german to Otho III.
1002
Conrade II. duke of Franconia,
1024
Henry III. son of Conrade
1040
Henry IV. son of Henry III.
1056
Henry V. son of Henry IV.
1106
Lotharius II.
1125
Conrade III. nephew to Henry V.
1138
Frederick I. nephew to Conrade
1152
Henry VI. son to Frederick
1190
Philip, brother to Henry
1197
Otho IV. son in law to Philip
1208
Frederick II. son of Henry VI.
1215
Henry VII.
1245
William
1246
Conrade IV. son of Frederick II.
1250
Richard, brother to Henry III. of England
1257
INTERREGNUM, 1259.
Rodolph I.
1273
Adolph
1292
Albert I. son of Rodolph
1297
Henry VIII.
1308
Lewis V. and Frederick III.
1314
Lewis V. alone
1322
Charles IV.
1346
Wenceslaus, son of Charles
1378
Robert
1400
Sigismund, king of Hungary
1411
Albert II. king of Bohemia and son in law to Sigismund
1437
Frederick III.
1439
Maximilian I. son of Frederick
1493
Charles V. king of Spain, grandson to Maximillian
1519
Ferdinand I. brother to Charles
1558
Maximilian II. son to Ferdinand
1564
Rodolph II. son of Maximilian
1577
Matthias, brother to Rodolph
1613
Ferdinand II. cousin to Matthias
1620
Ferdinand III. son of Ferdinand II.
1638
Leopold I. son of Ferdinand III.
1658
Joseph I. king of Hungary and Bohemia, son of Leopold
1705
Charles VI. brother to Joseph
1711
Charles VII.
1742
Francis I. married to the queen of Hungary and Bohemia, daughter of Charles VI.
1745
Joseph II. king of Hungary and Bohemia, son of Francis
1765
See HUNGARY.
POPES.
 
began to reign.
Alexander II. 164th pope
1061
Gregory VII.
1073
Vi
or III.
1086
Urban II.
1088
Paschal II.
1099
Gelasius II.
1118
Calixtus II.
1119
Honorius II.
1124
Innocent II.
1130
Caelestine II.
1143
Lucius IV.
1144
Eugenius III.
1145
Anastasius IV.
1153
Adrian IV.
1153
Alexander III.
1159
Lucius III.
1181
Urban III.
1185
Gregory VIII.
1187
Clement III
1187
Caelestine III.
1191
Innocent III.
1198
Honorius III.
1216
Gregory IX.
1227
Caelestine IV.
1241
Innocent IV.
1243
Alexander IV.
1254
Urban IV.
1261
Clement IV.
1265
Gregory X.
1271
Innocent V.
1276
Adrian V.
1276
Vicedominus
1276
John XX. or XXI.
1276
Nicholas III.
1277
Honorius IV.
1285
Nicholas IV. died, 1292
1288
See vacant 2 years and 3 months.
 
Caelestine V.
1294
Boniface VIII.
1294
Benedict XI.
1303
Clement V.
1305
John XXI or XXII.
1316
Benedict XII.
1334
Clement VI.
1342
Innocent VI.
1352
Urban V.
1362
Gregory XI.
1370
Urban VI.
1378
Clement VIII. antipope, died 1394.
 
Boniface IX.
1389
Benedict XIII. antipope.
 
Innocent VII.
1404
Gregory XII.
1406
Alexander V.
1409
John XXIII.
1410
Martin V.
1417
Eugenius IV.
1431
Nicholas V.
1447
Calixtus III.
1455
Pius II.
1458
Paul II.
1464
Sextus IV.
1476
Innocent VIII.
1484
Alexander VI.
1492
Pius III.
1503
Julius II.
1503
Leo X.
1513
Adrian VI.
1522
Clement VII.
1523
Paul III.
15
4
Julius III.
1550
Marcellus V.
1555
Paul IV.
1555
Pius IV.
1559
Pius V.
1566
Gregory XIII.
1572
Sixtus V.
1585
Urban VII.
1590
Gregory XIV.
1590
Innocent IX.
1591
Clement VIII.
1592
Le XI.
1605
Paul V.
1605
Gregory XV.
1621
Urban VIII.
1623
Innocent X.
1644
Alexander VII.
1655
Clement IX.
1667
Clement X.
1670
Innocent XI.
1676
Alexander VIII.
1689
Innocent XII.
1691
Clement XI.
1700
Innocent XIII.
1721
Benedict XIII.
1724
Clement XII.
1730
Benedict XIV.
1740
Clement XIII.
1758
Clement XIV.
1769
Pius VI.
Feb 15, 1775
A LIST of the REGIMENTS, with their DATES and RANK.
Horse Guards.
 
1st and 2d Troop,
1660
Horse Grenadier Guards.
 
1st Troop,
1685
2d Troop,
1702
Royal Horse Guards.
 
Blues,
1661
Four Regiments of Horse.
 
1st, 2d, and 3d,
1685
4th,
1688
Three of Dragoon Guards.
 
A
l.
1685
Fourteen of Dragoons.
 
1st,
1680
2d,
1681
3d and 4th,
168
5th,
1688
6th,
1689
7th,
1690
8th,
1693
9th—14th,
1715
Nine of Light Dragoons.
 
1st, 2d, 3d, 4th,
1759
5th, 6th, 7th, 8th,
1779
9th,
1781
Three of Foot Guards.
 
All,
1650
One Hundred and Five of Foot.
 
1st Reg.
1633
2d,
1661
3d,
1665
4th,
1680
5th,
1674
6th,
1673
7th — 15th,
1685
16th and 17th,
1688
18th,
1684
19th and 20th,
1688
21st,
1678
22d — 27th,
1689
28th,
1694
29th — 34th,
1702
35th and 36th
1701
37th — 39th
1702
40th,
1717
41st,
1719
42d,
1739
43d — 48th,
1741
49th,
1743
50th,
1753
51st — 60th,
1755
61st — 70th,
1758
71st
1775
72d — 74th
1777
75th,
1778
76th — 83d,
1777
84th
1775
85th — 92d,
1779
93d — 100th,
1780
101st — 105th,
1781
African corps,
1765
Jamaica corps,
1766
52 independ. comp.
1781
Artillery, Ireland,
1670
Artillery, England,
1705
The KINGS of each COUNTRY.
countries.
began to reign.
Constantinople.
Abdul Hamed
Jan. 21, 1774
Denmark.
Christian VII. born, Jan. 29, 1749.
1766
France.
Lewis XVI. born, 1754.
1774
Germany.
Joseph II. born, March 13, 1741.
1765
Holland.
William V. prince of Orange, born, March 5, 1748.
1766
Hungary
and
Bohemia.
Joseph II. emperor of Germany. (See Germany.)
1780
Modena.
Francis Maria, duke of, born, July 2, 1698.
 
Sicily.
Ferdinand IV. born, Jan. 12, 1751.
1759
Poland.
Stanislaus
born, Jan. 17, 1732.
1764
Parma.
Ferdinand, duke of, born, Jan. 20, 1752.
 
Portugal.
Maria, born, Dec. 17, 1734.
1777
Prussia.
Frederic III. born, Jan. 24, 1712.
1740
Rome.
Pius VI. born, Dec. 27, 1717.
Feb. 22, 1775
Russia.
Catherine II. born, May 2, 1729.
1762
Sardinia.
Victor Amadeus Maria, born, June 26, 1726.
1773
Spain.
Charles III. born, Jan. 20, 1716.
1759
Sweden.
Gustavus II. born, Jan. 24, 1746.
1770
Tuscany.
Leopold, grand duke of, born, May 5, 1747.
 
Venice.
Brizio Guistiniano.
June 14, 1775
A View of the RELIGION and CAPITAL CITIES of the chief Countries in EUR
PE.
Countries.
Religion.
Capital Cities.
Austrian Netherlands,
Papists,
Brussels.
Bohemia,
ditto,
Prague.
Denmark,
Protestants,
Copenhagen.
France,
Papists,
Paris,
Germany,
Protestants and Papists,
Vienna.
Hungary,
Papists,
Presburg.
Italy,
ditto,
Rome.
Norway,
Protestants,
Bergen.
Poland,
Papists,
Warsaw.
Portugal,
ditto,
Lisbon.
Prussia,
Protedants,
Berlin.
Russia,
Greek Church,
Petersburg.
Sardinia,
Papists,
Turin.
Sicilies,
ditto,
Naples.
Spain,
ditto,
Madrid.
Sweden,
Protestants,
Stockholm.
Switzerland,
ditto and Papists,
Bern.
Turkey,
Mahometans, Christians & Jews,
Constantinople.
United Provinces,
Protestants,
Amsterdam.
Venice,
Papists, Greeks, and Jews,
Venice.
Comparative View of the FORCES, REVENUE, and POPULATION of EUROPE, in 1776.
Countries.
Soldiers.
Ann. Revenue.
No. People.
 
 
£.
 
Great Britain,
40,000
12,000,000
10,000,000
Holland,
40,000
5,500,000
2,500,000
France,
200,000
15,000,000
24,000,000
Spain,
100,000
6,000,000
6,000,000
Portugal,
30,000
4,500,000
1,500,000
Sardinia,
70,000
2,500,000
2,500,000
Naples,
25,000
2,700,000
4,500,000
Rest of Italy,
85,000
5,000,000
13,000,000
Austria,
240,000
3,000,000
5,500,000
Prussia,
260,000
3,000,000
3,600,000
Germany,
200,000
7,500,000
12,000,000
Denmark,
60,000
2,200,000
2,000,000
Sweden,
80,000
3,000,000
2,500,000
Russia,
350,000
5,500,000
20,000,000
Poland,
3000
300,000
8,000,000
 
1,783,000
77,700,000
117,600,000
The ROYAL FAMILY of ENGLAND.
King George born, June 4, 1738
Queen Charlotte born, May 19, 1744
George, prince of Wales born, Aug. 12, 1762
Frederic, bishop of Osnaburgh, born, Aug. 16, 1763
William Henry born, Aug. 21, 1765
Charlotte, princess royal, born, Sept. 29, 1766
Edward born, Nov. 2, 1767
Augusta Sophia born, Nov. 8, 1768
Elizabeth born, May 22, 1770
Ernest Augustus born, June 5, 1771
Augustus Frederic born, Jan. 27, 1772
Adolphus Frederic born Feb. 24, 1774
Mary born, Apr. 2
, 1776
Sophia born, Nov. 3, 1777
Octavius born, Feb. 23, 1779
Alfred born, Sept. 22, 1780
BROTHERS and SISTERS to His MAJESTY.
Princess Augusta born, August 11, 1737; married to the duke of Brunswick Lunenburgh, Jan. 16, 1764.
Prince William Henry, duke of Gloucester born, Nov. 25, 1743.
Prince Henry Frederick, duke of Cumberland born, Nov. 7, 1745.
GEORGE II.'s ISSUE.
Princess Amelia Sophia born, June 10, 1711.
LORD LIEUTENANTS of IRELAND since the UNION.
1707, April 17, Thomas, earl of Pembroke.
1708, Nov. 25, Thomas, lord Wharton.
1711, July 3, James, duke of Ormond.
1713, Oct. 27, Charles, duke of Shrewsbury.
1717, August 7, Charles, duke of Bolton.
1721, August 28, Charles, duke of Grafton.
1724, October 22, John, lord Carteret.
1731, September 11, Lionel, duke of Dorset.
1737, September 7, William, duke of Devonshire.
1745, August 31, Philip, earl of Chesterfield.
1747, September 13, William, earl of Harrington.
1751, September 19, Lionel, duke of Dorset.
1755, May 5, William, marquis of Hartington.
1757, September 25, John, duke of Bedford.
1761, October 6, Dunk, earl of Halifax.
1763, Sept. 22, Hugh, earl of Northumberland.
1765, June 5, lord viscount Weymouth.
1765, October 18, Francis, earl of Hertford.
1766, October 6, Earl of Bristol.
1767, August 9, George, viscount Townshend, the first who resided.
1772, Oct. 9, Simon, earl Harcourt.
1776, Nov. 2, John, earl of Buckinghamshire.
1780, Oct. 13, Frederic, earl of Carlisle.
1782, April 10, William, duke of Portland.
A LIST of the LORD CHANCELLORS since WILLIAM the CONQUEROR.
☞
In these dates the Old Stile is preserved, till the alteration.
 
when made.
Maurice, afterwards bishop of London, died, Sept. 26, 1107,
1067
Osmund, afterwards earl of Dorset, bp. of Sarum.
 
Arfast, bishop of Helmstadt, Germany,
1073
Herman, bishop of Sherborne.
 
Rev. William Welson.
 
W. Giffard, bp. of Winton, died, July 21, 1128.
 
Robert Bloet, afterwards bishop of Lincoln, died, Jan. 10, 1122,
1087
Roger, afterwards bishop of Sarum, died, Dec. 4, 1139,
after 1100
Geofrey Rufus, afterwards bishop of Durham,
 
Alexander, bishop of Lincoln, died, Aug. 1147,
after 1135
Pauper, natural son of Roger, bishop of Sarum.
 
Philip,
1153
Thomas à Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, murdered, Dec. 29, 1171,
1157
Rev. Geofrey Plantagenet, son of Henry II. by Rofamund, died, 1213,
1181
Walter de Bidun.
 
W. Longchamp, bp. of Ely, died, Jan. 29, 1197,
1189
Hugh, afterward bishop of Lincoln, died, Feb. 7, 1234,
1204
Walter de Gray, afterwards archbishop of York, died, May, 1255,
1206
Rich. de Maris
, op. of Durham, died, 1226,
1212
Ralph Neville, afterwards bishop of Winton, died, Feb. 1, 1244,
1223
Simon Norman,
1238
Richard, afterwards bishop of Chester,
1239
Ralph Neville, again,
1242
Ranulph Brito,
 
Silvester de Everton, bishop of Carlisle,
1246
John Lexington,
Sept. 1247
John Mansel, chancellor of St. Paul's London,
1248
Peter de Rievallis, and Rev. Will de Kilkenny,
1250
Peter Chaseport, and J. de Lessington,
May 1253
Will. de Kilkenny, afterwards bishop of Ely,
1253
Henry de Wengham, afterwards bishop of London, died, July 13, 1261,
1255
Nicholas, archdeacon of Ely,
1259
Walter Merton, afterwards bishop of Rochester, died, Oct. 27, 1278,
1261
Nicholas, archdeacon of Ely, again, afterwards bishop of Winton, died, 1280,
1263
John de Chisul, afterwards bp. of London, about
1264
Thomas de Cantilupus, afterwards bishop of Hereford, died, Aug. 25, 1282,
1265
Walter Giffard, archbishop of York, died, April 25, 1279,
1265
Godfrey Giffard, afterwards bishop of Worcester, died, 1302,
1267
John Chiful, again,
1269
Richard Middleton,
1269
John Kirkby, afterwards bp. of Ely, died, Mar. 26, 1
90,
1272
Rob. Burnet, bp. of Bath and W
lls, died, 1292.
1274
Walter Langton,
1292
John Langton, afterwards bishop of Chichester.
1293
William Greenfield, archbishop of York, died, Sept. 13, 1315,
1302
William Hamilton, dean of York.
1305
Ralph Baldock, bishop of London, died, July 24, 1313,
1307
Walter Reynold, archbishop of Canterbury,
1311
John Sandale, bishop of Winton, died, 1320,
1315
John Hotham, bp. of Ely, died, Jan. 25, 1336,
1318
John Salmon, bishop of Norwich, died, July 6, 1325,
1320
W. Ayermin, bishop of Norwich, died, Mar. 28, 1337,
1323
Robert Baldock, bishop of Norwich,
1324
John Hotham, again,
1324
Henry Cliff, keeper of the rolls, and William Herlaston, Chancery-clerk,
1329
Henry Burwash, bishop of Lincoln, died, Dec. 1340,
May 1329
John Stratford, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury, died, April 9, 1392,
1331
Richard Bury, bishop of Durham, died, April 24, 1345,
1336
John Stratford, again,
1336
Robert Stratford, brother to John.
1338
Richard Bintworth, bishop of London, died, Dec. 8. 1339,
July, 1339
John de St. Paul, keeper of the rolls, Michael Worth, and Thomas Baumburg,
1340
John de St. Paul, alone,
Feb. 1341
John Stratford, again,
1341
Robert Stratford, again,
1341
Sir Robert Burgchiar,
1342
Robert Parnyng,
Oct. 1342
Robert Sadington,
Sept. 1344
John Offord,
Oct. 1346
John Thursby, archbishop of York, died, November 6, 1373,
July, 1347
Will. Edenton, bp. of Winton, died, 1366.
Feb. 1357
Simon Langham, archbishop of Canterbury, died, July 22, 1367,
Feb. 1363
William of Wickham, bishop of Winton, died, 1402,
Sept. 1368
Sir Robert de Thorp,
Mar. 1372
John Knyvet,
1373
Adam Houghton, bishop of St. David's, died, April, 1389,
Jan. 1377
Sir Richard de la Scrope,
1379
Simon Sudbury, archbishop of Canterbury,
1380
William Courtney, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury, died, July, 1396,
1381
Sir Richard de la Scrope, again,
1382
Robert Baybroke, bishop of London, died, 1404,
Sept. 1383
Michael de la Pool, earl of Suffolk,
Mar. 1383
Thomas Arundel, bishop of Ely,
Oct. 1387
William of Wickam, again,
May 1389
Thomas Arundel, again, then archbishop of Canterbury, died, Feb. 20, 1413,
Sept. 1392
Edmund Stafford, bishop of Exeter,
Nov. 1397
Sir John Searle, keeper of the rolls,
Nov. 1400
Pdmund Stafford, again, died, Sept. 1419,
Mar. 1401
Henry Beaufort, bishop of Winton, died, April 11, 1447,
1404
Thomas Langley, bp. of Durham, died, 1437,
1404
John Wakering, clerk, keeper of the rolls.
Jan. 1410
Sir John Beaufort, d. of E
ter, died, 1425,
Jan. 1410
Henry Beaufort, again,
1412
Simon Garnstede, clerk, master of the rolls. Sept.
1417
Henry Beaufort, again,
Oct. 1417
John Kemp, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury, died, Mar. 22, 1453,
Mar. 1425
John Stafford, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury, died, July 6, 1452,
Feb. 1432
John Kemp, again,
Jan. 1450
Richard Neville, earl of Sarum, beheaded, 1461,
Apr. 1454
Thomas Bourchier, archbishop of Canterbury, died, 1486,
Mar. 1455
William Wykham, bishop of Winton, died, August 11, 1486,
Oct. 1457
George Neville, afterwards archbishop of York, died, 1476, aged 46,
July, 1460
Robert Stillington, bishop of Bath and Wells, died, a prisoner, in 1491,
June, 1468
John Alcock, afterwards bishop of Ely, died, Oct. 1, 1500,
Sept. 1473
Laurence Booth, afterwards archbishop of York, died, 1483,
June, 1474
Thomas Rotheram, afterwards archbishop of York, died, 1500, aged 76,
1475
John Russel, bishop of Lincoln, died, July 30, 1490,
Nov. 1484
John Morton, archbishop of Canterbury, died, Oct. 1521,
Aug. 1487
H. Deane, afterwards archbishop of Canterbury,
Oct. 1501
W. Warham, archbishop of Canterbury, died, 1522,
Aug. 1502
Thomas Wolsey, archbishop of York,
Dec. 1516
Sir Thomas More,
Oct. 1530
Sir Thomas Audley, afterwards baron Audley, died, April 30, 1544,
May, 1533
Lord Wriothesley, afterwards earl of Southampton,
1545
Lord Paulet, afterwards marquis of Winchester, died, 1571, aged 97,
July, 1547
Lord Rich, died, 1566,
Nov. 1547
Thomas Goodrick, bishop of Ely,
Jan. 1551
Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winton,
Sept. 1553
Nicholas Heath, archbishop of York, died about 1566,
Jan. 1555
Sir Nicholas Bacon, died, 1579,
Dec. 1559
Sir Thomas Bromley, died, 1586,
Apr. 1579
Sir Christopher Hatton, died, 1591,
Apr. 1587
Sir John Puckering,
May, 1592
Sir Thomas Egerton, afterward viscount Brackley, died, 1617,
1596
Sir Francis Bacon, afterwards viscount St. Albans,
Mar. 1616
John Williams, afterwards archbishop of York, died, Mar. 25, 1650,
July, 1620
Lord Coventry, died, 1639,
Nov. 1625
Sir John Finch,
Jan. 1639
Sir Edward Littleton, died, 1645, aged 56,
Jan. 1640
Sir Richard Lane,
Aug. 1645
Sir Edward Herbert, died, 1660,
1653
Lord Clarendon,
Dec. 1657
Sir Orlando Bridgman,
Aug. 1667
Earl of Shaftsbury, died, Jan. 22, 1682, aged 61,
Nov. 1672
Sir Heneage Finch, afterwards earl of Nottingham, died, Dec. 11, 1682, aged 60,
1673
Lord Guilford, died, Sept. 5, 1685,
Dec. 1682
Lord Jeffreys, died, April 18, 1689,
Oct. 1685
Sir John Maynard, Anthony Kecke, and William Rawlinson,
Mar. 1689
Lord Somers, died, 1716, aged 63,
Mar. 1692
Sir Nathan Wright,
May, 1700
Lord Cowper, first chancellor of Great Britain,
Oct. 1705
In commission.
Aug. 1710
Lord Harcourt,
Apr. 1713
Lord Cowper, again,
Sept. 1714
Lord Parker, afterwards earl of Macclesfield,
May 1718
Lord King, died, 1734, aged 64,
June, 1725
Lord Talbot, died, Feb. 14, 1737, aged 52,
Nov. 1733
Philip York, earl of Hardwicke,
1737
Lord Henley, afterwards earl of Northington,
Jan. 1761
Charles Pratt, Lord Camden,
July, 1766
Charles York,
Jan. 1770
In commission, viz. Sir Sidney Stafford Smythe, knt. Hon. Henry Bathurst, and Sir Richard Aston, knt.
Jan. 1770
Hen. Bathurst, lord Apsley, now earl Bathurst,
Jan. 1771
Lord Thurlow,
June 2, 1778
CHANCELLORS of the University of OXFORD.
When elected.
1552, Sir John Mason, knight.
1556, Cardinal Pole, archbishop of Canterbury.
1558, Henry Fitzalen, earl of Arundel.
1559, Sir John Mason, again.
1564, Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester.
1588, Sir Christopher Hatton, lord chancellor.
1591, Thomas Sackville, earl of Dorset.
1608, Richard Bancroft, archbishop of Canterbury.
1610, Thomas Egerton, lord Ellesmere.
1616, William, earl of Pembroke.
1630, William Laud, archbishop of Canterbury.
1641, Philip Herbert, earl of Pembroke.
1643, William, marquis of Hertford.
1647, Philip, earl of Pembroke, again.
1650, Oliver Cr
mwell, lord protecter of England, &c.
1657, Lord Richard Cromwell, protector.
1660, Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon.
1657, Sheldon, archbishop of Canterbury.
1669, James, duke of Ormond.
1681, James, d
ke of Ormond, grandson of the above.
1715, — earl of Arra
1759, John, earl of Westmoreland.
1762, George Henry, earl of Litchfield.
1772, Fredtrick, lord North.
CHANCELLORS of the UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGE.
When installed.
1547, Edward Seymour, duke of Somerset, uncle to Edward IV.
1549, John Dudley, duke of Northumberland.
1553, Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester.
1556, Reginald Pole, archbishop of Canterbury.
1558, Sir William Cecil, afterwards lord Burleigh.
1598, Robert Devereux, earl of Essex.
1600, Sir Robert Cecil, afterwards earl of Salisbury.
1611, Henry Howard, earl of Northampton.
1614, Thomas Howard, earl of Suffolk.
1621, Thomas Bancroft, archbishop of Canterbury.
1626, George Villiers, duke of Buckingham.
1628, Henry Rich, earl of Holland.
1648, Edward Montague, earl of Manchester.
1671, George Villiers, duke of Buckingham.
1674, James Scott, duke of Monmouth.
1682, Christopher Monke, duke of Albemarle.
1688, Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset.
1748, Thomas Holles Pelham, duke of Newcastle.
1768, Augustus Fitzroy, duke of Grafton.
A List of the ARCHBISHOPS of CANTERBURY, since the establishment of that SEE; with the dates of their Translations.
☞
This mark * implies, of honourable houses.
names.
tran.
1, St. Austin,
Years 569
2, St. Laurentius,
611
3, St. Mellitus,
619
4, St. Justus,
624
5, St. Honorius,
636
6, St. Deus-dedit, the first Englishman, Vacant four Years.
654
7, St. Theodorus, a Grecian,
668
8, St. Brithwaldus,
692
9, St. Tatwinus,
731
10, Nothelmus,
736
11, Cuthbert,
742
12, Bregwinus,
759
13, Lambert,
764
14, Ethelardus,
793
15, Ulfredus,
807
16, Theogildus,
832
17, Celnothus,
 
18, Ethelradus,
871
19, Pleimundus,
889
20, Athelmus,
915
21, Wulselmus, Lord chancellor,
924
22, St. Odo, or Otho,
934
23, St. Dunstan, Lord Treasurer,
961
24, Ethelgarus,
988
25, Siricius,
989
26, Gosricus,
993
27, St. Elphegus,
1006
28, Livingus,
1013
29, St. Angelnothus, *
1020
30, St. Eadlinus,
1038
31, Robert,
1050
32, Stigand,
1052
33, Lanfranc, an Italian,
1070
34, St. Anselm,
1093
35, Randulph,
1114
36, William Curbail,
1122
37, Theobald,
1138
38, St. Thomas à Becket, lord chancellor,
1162
39, Richard,
1171
40, Baldwin,
1184
41, Reginald,
1191
42, Hubert Walter, lord chancellor and lord chief justice,
1193
43, Stephen Langton, cardinal,
1209
44, Richard Wethershed,
1229
45, St. Edmund, chancellor of Oxford,
1234
46, Boniface,*
1244
47, Robert Kilwarby, cardinal,
1272
48, John Peckham,
1278
49, Robert Winchelsey, chancellor of Oxford,
1294
50, Walter Reynolds, lord chancellor and lord treasurer,
1313
51, Simon Mepham,
1327
52, John Stratford, lord chancellor,
1333
53, Thomas Bradwardin,
1348
54, Simon Islip,
1349
55, Simon Langham, cardinal and lord chanc.
1366
56, William Witlesey,
1367
57, Simon Sudbury, lord chancellor, beheaded by the rebels of
Wat Tyler,
1379
58, William Courtney, chancellor of Oxford,*
1381
59, Thomas Arundel, lord chancellor,*
1396
60, Henry Chichely, cardinal,*
1414
61, John Stafford, cardinal, lord chancellor and lord treasurer,
1443
62, John Kemp, cardinal, lord chancellor twice,
1452
63, Thomas Bouchier, cardinal, lord chancellor and chancellor of Oxford,*
1454
64, John Morton, the like,
1486
65, Henry Dean,
1502
66, William Warham, lord chancellor and chancellor of Oxford,
1504
67, Thomas Cranmer,
1533
68, Reginald Pole, cardinal and chancellor of Oxford,*
1555
69, Matthew Parker,
1559
70, Edmund Grindal,
1575
71, John Whitgift,
1583
72, Richard Bancroft, chancellor of Oxford,
1604
73, George Abbot,
1610
74, William Laud, chancellor of Oxford, beheaded,
1644
See vacant sixteen years.
 
75, William Juxton, once lord treasurer,
Sept. 1660
76, Gilbert Sheldon,
July, 1663
77, William Sancroft, deprived, Feb. 1, 1691,
Jan. 1677
78, John Tillotson,
Apr. 1691
79, Thomas Tennison,
Dec. 1694
80, William Wake,
Dec. 1715
81, John Potter,
Mar. 1737
82, Thomas Herring,
Dec. 1747
83, Matthew Hutton,
May, 1757
84, Thomas Secker,
May, 1758
85, Frederick Cornwallis,*
Oct. 1768
N. B. The figures before the names refer to the number of bishops since the establishment of the see.
Such bishops as follow Canterbury, are subject to Canterbury; such as follow York, to York.
Bishops of St. ASAPH, since the Restoration. 37.
38, George Griffith, Oct. 1660
39, Henry Glemham, Oct. 1667
40, Isaac Barrow, Mar. 1669
41, William Lloyd, Sept. 1630
42, Edward Jones, Dec. 1692
43, George Hooper, Oct. 1703
44, William Beveridge, July, 1704
45, William Fleetwood, May, 1708
46, John Wynne, Nov. 1714
47, Francis Hare, Dec. 1727
48, Thomas Tanner, Nov. 1731
49, Isaac Maddox, Sept. 1736
50, Samuel Lisle, Apr. 1744
51, Robert Drummond,* Mar. 1748
52, Richard Newcombe, Aug. 1761
53, Jonathan Shipley, June, 1769
BANGOR. 47.
48, William Roberts, died, 1665, 1737
49, Robert Morgan, June, 1666
50, Humphrey Lloyd, Oct. 1673
51, Humphrey Humphreys, June, 1689
52, John Evans, Jan. 1701
53, Benjamin Headley, Dec. 1715
54, Richard Reynolds, Nov. 1721
55, William Baker, Aug. 1723
56, Thomas Sherlock, Feb. 1727
57, Charles Cecil, May, 1735
58, Thomas Herring, Feb. 1738
59, Matthew Hutton, Nov. 1743
60, Zachary Pearce, Mar. 1747
61, John Egerton,
July, 1756
62, John Ewer, Jan. 1769
63, John Moore, 1775
BATH and WELLS. 55.
56, William Pierce, 1632
57, Robert Creighton, May, 1670
58, Peter Mew, Dec. 1672
59, Thomas Kenn, deprived, Feb. 1690, Feb. 1684
60, William Beveridge, nominated, but refused it, Apr. 1691
61, Richard Kidder, June, 1691
62, George Hooper, Mar. 1703
63, John Wynne, Nov. 1727
64, Edward Willes, Dec. 1743
65, Charles Moss, 1774
BRISTOL. 13.
14, Gilbert Ironside, Dec. 1760
15, Guy Carlton, Dec. 1671
16, William Gulston, Jan. 1678
17, John Lake, Aug. 1684
18, Jonathan Trelawney, Nov. 1685
19, Gilbert Ironside, Oct. 1689
20, Joseph Hall, Aug. 1691
21, John Robinson, Nov. 1710
22, George Smalridge, Mar. 1714
23, Hugh Boulter, Oct. 1719
24, William Bradshaw, Oct. 1724
25, Charles Cecil, Mar. 1733
26, Thomas Secker, Feb. 1735
27, Thomas Gooch, June, 1737
28, Joseph Butler, Dec. 1738
29, John Conybeare, Jan. 1751
30, John Hume, July, 1756
31, Philip Yonge, July, 1758
32, Thomas Newton, Jan. 1762
33, Lewis Bagot,* Feb. 1782
CHICHESTER. 72.
73, Henry King, 1641
74, Peter Gunning, Feb. 1669
75, Ralph Brideoke, Mar. 1675
76, Guy Carlton, Jan. 1678
77, John Lake, Oct. 1685
78, Simon Patrick, Oct. 1689
79, Robert Grove, Aug. 1691
80, John Williams, Dec. 1696
81, Thomas Manningham, Aug. 1709
82, Thomas Bowers, Aug. 1722
83, Edward Waddington, Oct. 1724
84, Francis Hare, Dec. 1731
85, Matthias Mawson, Nov. 1740
86, Sir William Ashburnham,* Apr. 1754
ST. DAVIDS. 92.
93, William Lucy, Oct. 1660
94, William Thomas, Nov. 1677
95, Laurence Womack, Nov. 1683
96, John Lloyd, Oct. 1686
97, T. Watson, deprived, Aug. 3, 1699, June, 1687
See vacant 5 years 8 months.  
98, George Bull, Mar. 1705
99, Philip Bisse, Nov. 1710
100, Adam Ottley, Feb. 1712
101, Richard Smalbroke, Jan. 1723
102, Elias Sydall, May, 1731
103, Nicholas Clagett, Feb. 1732
104, Edward Willes, Jan. 1743
105, Richard Trevor, Apr. 1744
106, Anthony Ellys, Feb. 1753
107, Samuel Squire, June, 1761
108, Robert Lowth, June, 1766
109, Charles Moss, Dec. 1766
110, James York,* 1774
111, John Warren, July, 1779
ELY. 39.
40, Matthew Wren, 1638
41, Benjamin Laney, May, 1667
42, Peter Gunning, Feb. 1674
43, Francis Turner, deprived, Feb. 1690. Aug. 1684
44, Simon Patrick, Apr. 1691
45, John Moore July, 1707
46, William Fleetwood, Nov. 1714
47, Thomas Green, Sept. 1723
48, Robert Butts, July, 1738
49, Sir Thomas Gooch, Mar. 1748
50, Matthias Mawson, Apr. 1754
51, Edmund Keene, Jan. 1771
52, James Yorke,* July, 1781
EXETER. 41.
42, John Gauden, Nov. 1660
43, Seth Ward, July, 1662
44, Anthony Sparrow, Oct. 1667
45, Thomas Lamplugh, Oct. 1676
46, Jonathan Trelawney, Apr. 1689
47, Offspring Blackall, Jan. 1707
48, Lancelot Blackburn, Jan. 1716
49, Stephen Weston, Dec. 1724
50, Nicholas Clagett, Aug. 1742
51, George Lavington, Feb. 1746
52, Frederick Keppel,* Nov. 1762
53, John Ross, Jan. 1778
GLOCESTER. 11.
12, William Nicholson, Nov. 1660
13, John Pritchard, Oct. 1672
14, Robert Frampton, deprived, Feb. 1, 1690. Mar. 1681
15, Edward Fowler, Apr. 1691
16, Richard Willis, Nov. 1714
17, Elias Sydall, Dec. 1731
18, Martin Benson, Feb. 1735
19, James Johnson, Jan. 1753
20, William Warburton, Feb. 1769
21, James Yorke,* July, 1779
22, James Hallifax, Sept. 1781
HEREFORD. 77.
78, Nicholas Monck, Dec. 1660
79, Herbert Croft, Jan. 1661
80, Gilbert Ironside, May, 1691
81, Humphrey Humphreys, Dec. 1701
82, Philip Bisse, Feb. 1712
83, Benjamin Hoadley, Sept. 1721
84, Henry Egerton, Feb. 1724
85, Lord James Beauclerk,* May, 1746
LANDAFF. 71.
72, Morgan Owen, 1639
73, Hugh Lloyd, Dec. 1663
74, Francis Davies, July, 1667
75, William Lloyd, Apr. 1675
76, William Beaw, Jan. 1679
77, John Tyler, June, 1706
78, Robert Clavering, Dec. 1724
79, John Harris, Apr. 1729
80, Matthias Mawson, Feb. 1739
81, John Gilbert, Jan. 1741
82, Edward Cresset, Dec. 1748
83, Edward Willes, Mar. 1749
84, Richard Newcombe, Apr. 1755
85, John Ewer, Oct. 1761
86, Jonathan Shipley, Jan. 1769
87, Shute Barrington,* June, 1769
LICHFIELD and COVENTRY. 74.
75, Accepted Frewen, 1643
76, John Hacket, Dec. 1661
77, Thomas Wood, June, 1671
78, William Lloyd, Oct. 1692
79, John Hough, Aug. 1699
80, Edward Chandler, Nov. 1717
81, Richard Smalbroke, Feb. 1730
82, Frederick Cornwallis,* Mar. 1749
83, John Egerton,* 1768
84, Brownlow North,* July, 1771
85, Richard Hurd, Jan. 1775
86, James Cornwallis,* July, 1781
LINCOLN. 64.
65, Robert Sanderson Oct. 1660
66, Benjamin Laney, Mar. 1663
67, William Fuller, Sept. 1667
68, Thomas Barlowe, May, 1675
69, Thomas Tennison, Nov. 1691
70, James Gardiner, Mar. 1694
71, William Wake, July, 1705
72, Edmund Gibson, Jan. 1717
73, Richard Reynolds, June, 1723
74, John Thomas, Apr. 1744
75, John Green, Jan. 1762
76, Thomas Thurlow,* May, 1779
LONDON. 88.
89, William Juxon, 1633
90, Gilbert Sheldon, 1660
91, Humphrey Hinchman, Sept. 1663
92, Henry Compton,* Dec. 1675
93, John Robinson, Aug. 1713
94, Edmund Gibson, Apr. 1723
95, Thomas Sherlock, Dec. 1748
96, Thomas Hayter, Oct. 1761
97, Richard Osbaldeston. Mar. 1762
98, Richard Terrick, June, 1764
99 Robert Lowth Apr. 1777
NORWICH. 68.
69, Edward Reynolds, Nov. 1660
70, Anthony Sparrow, Aug. 1676
71, Will. Lloyd, deprived Feb. 1, 1690. June, 1685
72, John Moore, Apr. 1691
73, Charles Trimnel, Jan. 1707
74, Thomas Green, Aug. 1721
75, John Leng, Nov. 1723
76, William Baker, Dec. 1727
77, Robert Butts, Mar. 1723
78, Thomas Gooch, Oct. 1738
79, Samuel Lisle, Apr. 1748
80, Thomas Hayter, Dec. 1749
81, Philip Yonge,* Dec. 1761
OXFORD. 7.
8, Robert Skinner, 1640
9, William Paul, Nov. 1663
10, Walter Blandford, Nov. 1665
11, Nathaniel Crew, June, 1671
12, Henry Compton,* Nov. 1674
13, John Fell, Jan. 1675
14, Samuel Parker, Oct. 1686
15, Timothy Hall, Oct. 1688
16, John Hough, May, 1690
17, William Talbot, Sept. 1699
18, John Potter, Apr. 1715
19, Thomas Secker, June, 1737
20, John Hume, June, 1758
21, Robert Lowth, Oct. 1766
22, John Butler, Apr. 1777
PETERBOROUGH. 9.
10, Benjamin Laney, Nov. 1660
11, Joseph Henshaw, Apr. 1663
12, William Lloyd, Mar. 1679
13, Thomas White, Aug. 1685
14, Richard Cumberland, May, 1691
15, White Kenner, Oct. 1718
16, Robert Clavering, Feb. 1729
17, John Thomas, Oct. 1747
18, Richard Terrick, July, 1757
19, Robert Lamb, July, 1764
20, John Hinchcliffe, Dec. 1769
ROCHESTER. 81.
82, John Warner, 1637
83, John Dolben, Nov. 1666
84, Francis Turner, Nov. 1683
85, Thomas Sprat, Nov. 1684
86, F. Atterbury, deprived, June, 1723. June, 1713
87, Samuel Bradford, July, 1723
88, Joseph Wilcocks, Jan. 1731
89, Zachary Pearce, July, 1756
90, John Thomas, 1775
SALISBURY. 70.
71, Brian Duppa, 1641
72, Humphrey Hinchman, Oct. 1660
73, John Earle, Sept. 1663
74, Alexander Hyde, Dec. 1665
75, Seth Ward, Sept, 1667
76, Gilbert Burnet, Mar. 1689
77, William Talbot, Apr. 1715
78, Richard Willis, Nov. 1721
79, Benjamin Hoadley, Oct. 1723
80, Thomas Sherlock, Nov. 1734
81, John Gilbert, Jan. 1748
82, John Thomas, June, 1757
83, Robert Drummond,* June, 1761
84, John Thomas, Dec. 1761
85, John Hume, Sept. 1766
WINCHESTER. 70.
71, Brian Duppa, Sept. 1660
72, George Morley, Apr. 1662
73, Peter Mew, Nov. 1684
74, Sir Jonathan Trelawney, June, 1707
75, Charles Trimnel, July, 1721
76, Richard Willis, Sept. 1723
77, Benjamin Hoadley, Oct. 1734
78, John Thomas, June, 1761
79, Brownlow North,* Apr. 1781
WORCESTER. 84.
85, George Morley, Oct. 1660
86, John Gauden, May, 1662
87, John Earle, Nov. 1662
88, Robert Skinner, Oct, 1663
89, Walter Blandsord, June, 1671
90, James Fleetwood, July, 1679
91, William Thomas, Aug. 1683
92, Edward Stillingfleet, Oct. 1685
93, William Lloyd, Jan. 1699
94, John Hough, Sept. 1717
95, Isaac Maddox, Nov. 1743
96, James Johnson, Nov. 1759
97, Brownlow North, * Jan. 1775
98, Richard Hurd, May, 1781
YORK. 70.
71, Accepted Frewen, Sept. 1660
72, Richard Sterne, Apr. 1664
73, John Dolben, July, 1683
74, Thomas Lamplugh, Nov. 1688
75, John Sharp, July, 1691
76, Sir William Dawes, Mar. 1714
77, Launcelot Blackburn, Dec. 1724
78, Thomas Herring, Apr. 1743
79, Matthew Hutton, Dec. 1747
80, John Gilbert, June, 1757
81, Robert Drummond, * Oct. 1761
82, William Markham, Dec. 1776
CARLISLE. 40.
41, Richard Sterne, Dec. 1660
42, Edward Rainbow, July, 1664
43, Thomas Smith, June, 1684
44, William Nicholson, June, 1702
45, Samuel Bradford, Apr. 1718
46, John Waugh, June, 1723
47, Sir George Flemming, Feb. 1734
48, Richard Osbaldeston, Oct. 1747
49, Charles Lyttelton, * Apr. 1762
50, Edmund Law, Mar. 1769
CHESTER. 11.
12, Bryan Walton, Dec. 1660
13, Henry Ferne, Feb. 1662
14, George Hall, May, 1662
15, John Wilkins, Nov. 1668
16, John Pearson, Feb. 1672
17, Thomas Cartwright, Oct. 1686
18, Nicholas Stratford, Sept. 1689
19, Sir William Dawes, Feb. 1707
20, Francis Gastrell, Apr. 1714
21, Samuel Peploe, Apr. 1726
22, Edmund Keene, Mar. 1753
23, William Markham, Jan. 1771
24, Beilby Porteus, Dec. 1776
DURHAM. 68.
69, John Cosin, Dec. 1660
70, Nathaniel, Lord Crew, * Oct. 1674
71, William Talbot, Sept. 1721
72, Edward Chandler, Nov. 1730
73, Joseph Butler, Nov. 1750
74, Richard Trevor, * Jan. 1753
75, John Egerton, * June, 1771
A LIST of IRISH BISHOPS.
 
ARCHBISHOPS.
Promoted
Armagh,
Lord Rokeby, *
1765
Dublin,
Robert Fowler,
1779
Cashel,
Charles Agar, *
1779
Tuam
Jemmet Browne,
1775
 
BISHOPS.
 
Meath,
Henry Maxwell, *
1766
Kildare,
Charles Jackson,
1772
Waterfor
,
William Newcome,
1779
Clogher,
John Hotham,
1782
Limerick,
William Gore,
1772
Killala,
William Cecil Pery,
1781
Raphoe,
James Hawkins,
1780
Elphin,
Charles Dodgson,
1775
Down,
James Trail,
1765
Ossory,
William Beresford,
1782
Derry,
Frederick Hervey, *
1768
Cloyne,
Richard Woodward,
1781
Killaloe,
Thomas Barnard,
1780
Corke,
Isaac Mann,
1772
Clonfert,
Walter Cope,
1772
Leighlin,
Joseph Dean Bourke,
1772
Kilmore,
George Lewis Jones,
1774
Dromore,
Thomas Percy,
1782
BISHOP of SODOR and MAN.
George Mason, 1780
The LORD MAYORS of LONDON, since the UNION.
Sir R. Beddingfield, 1707
Sir Wm. Withers, 1708
Sir C. Duncombe, 1709
Sir Sam. Gerard, 1710
Sir Gil. Heathcote, 1711
Sir R. Beachcroft, 1712
Sir Rich. Hoare, 1713
Sir Sam. Stanier, 1714
Sir W. Humphreys, 1715
Sir Charles Peers, 1716
Sir J. Bateman, 1717
Sir Wm. Lewen, 1718
Sir John Ward, 1719
Sir G. Thorold, 1720
Sir John Fryer. 1721
Sir Wm. Stewart, 1722
Sir Ger. Conyers, 1723
Sir Peter Delme, 1724
Sir G. Mertins, 1725
Sir Francis Forbes, 1726
Sir John Eyles, 1727
Sir Ed. Beecher, 1728
Sir Robert Bailis, 1729
Sir Richard Brocas, 1730
H. Parsons, esq. 1731
Sir Francis Child, 1732
John Barber, esq. 1733
Sir Wm. Biliers, 1734
Sir Edward Bellamy, 1735
Sir John Williams, 1736
Sir. J. Thompson, 1737
Sir John Barnard, 1738
Micajah Perry, esq. 1739
Sir John Salter, 1740
H. Parsons, esq. 1741
D. Lambert, esq. 1741
Sir R. Godschall, 1742
G. Heathcote, esq. 1742
Robert Wilmot, esq. 1743
Sir Robert Westley, 1744
Sir Hen. Marshal, 1745
Sir Richard Hoare, 1746
William Benn, esq. 1747
Sir R. Ladbroke, 1748
Sir Wm. Calvert, 1749
Sir Sam. Pennant, 1750
J. Blachford, esq. 1750
F. Cockayne, esq. 1751
T. Winterbottom, esq. 1752
R. Alsop, esq. 1752
Sir Crisp. Gascoyne, 1753
Edw. Ironside, esq. 1754
Thomas, Rawlinson, esq. 1754
Stephen Theodore Jansen, esq. 1755
Slingsby Bethel, esq. 1756
M. Dickenson, esq. 1757
Sir Charles Asgil, Bt. 1758
Sir Richard Glyn, Bt. 1759
Thomas Chitty, esq. 1760
Sir Matthew Blakiston, Bt. 1761
Sir Sam. Fludyer, Bt. 1762
W. Becksord, esq. 1763
W. Bridgen, esq. 1764
Sir W. Stevenson, 1765
George Nelson, esq. 1766
Sir Robert Kite, 1767
Rt. hon. T. Harley, 1768
Sam. Turner, esq. 1769
W. Beckford, esq. 1770
Barlow Trecothick, esq. 1770
Brass Crosby, esq. 1771
William Nash, esq. 1772
J. Townshend, esq. 1773
Frederick Bull, esq. 1774
John Wilkes, esq. 1775
J. Sawbridge, esq. 1776
Tho. Hallifax, esq. 1777
Samuel Plumbe, esq. 1778
Brack. Kennet, esq. 1779
Sir W. Lewis, 1780
Sir William Plomer, 1781
A LIST of SECOND TITLES, shewing to whom they belong. D. Duke, M. Marquis E. Earl, V. Viscount.
Aberdour E. Morton
Aghrim E. Athlone
Althorpe V E. Spencer
Amiens E. Aldborough
Ancram E M. Lothian
Andover V E. Suffolk
Apsley E. Bathurst
Ashley E. Shaftesbury
Athenry E. Louth
Balgony E. Leven
Barnard V E. Darlington
Beauchamp V E. Hertford
Beaumont M D. Roxburgh
Bellasyse E. Fauconberg
Bellfield E. Pelvedere
Berindale E. Caithness
Binning E. Haddington
Blandford M D. Marlborough
Boyle E. Glasgow
Boyle E. Shannon
Brabazon E. Meath
Brackley M D. Bridgwater
Brome V E. Cornwallis
Bruce E. Aylesbury
Bruce E. Eglin
Burford E D. St. Alban's
Burghersh E. Westmorland
Burleigh E. Exeter
Bury V. E. Albemarle
Buttevant E. Barrymore
Cambden V E. Gainsborough
Cantalupe V E. Delawarr
Cardross E. Buchan
Carlingford E. Tyrconnel
Caermarthen M D. Leeds
Carmichael E. Hyndford
Carnarvon M D. Chandos
Castlecomer E. Wandesford
Castlecoote E. Mountrath
Castlemain E. Tylney
Caulfield E. Charlemount
Chewton V E. Waldegrave
Chichester E. Donegall
Clan-maurice E. Kerry
Clare E. Nugent
Clermont E. Clermont
Clifton E. Darnley
Clonmell E. Ligonier
Clysdale M D. Hamilton
Cobham V E. Temple
Cochran E. Dundonald
Cockermouth E. Egremont
Colloony E. Bellamont
Compton E. Northampton
Cranburn V E. Salisbury
Crighton E. Dumfries
Crosbie E. Glendore
Cummerland E. Balcarras
Dalkeith E D. Buccleugh
Dalrymple V E. Stair
Dare E. Selkirk
Deerhurst V E. Coventry
Delvin E. Westmeath
Deskford E. Findlater
Down E. Moray
Drumlanrig M D. Queensbury
Drummond E. Perth
Duncannon E. Besborough
Dungarvan E. Cork
Dunglass E. Home
Dunkellyn E. Clanricarde
Dunluce E. Antrim
Dupplin V E. Kinnoul
Dursley V E. Berkeley
Euston E D. Grafton
Fairford V E. Hillsborough
Fenton V E. Kelly
Fermanagh E. Verney
Fielding V E. Denbigh
Fincastle E. Dunmore
Fitzmaurice E. Shelburne
Fleming E. Wigton
Folkstone V E. Radnor
Forbes E. Granard
Fordwich V E. Cowper
Garlies E. Galloway
Garnock V E. Crawford
Gifford E M. Tweedale
Gillford E. Clanwilliam
Glamis E. Strathmore
Glenlivet E. Aboyne
Gore E. Ross
Gowran E. Upper Ossory
Glenorchy E. Bredalbane
Graham M D. Montrose
Granby M D. Rutland
Grevile E. Warwick
Grey E. Stamford
Guernsey E. Aylesford
Harley E. Oxford
Hartfell E M. Annandale
Hartington D. Devon
Hastings E. Hunts
Hay E. Errol
Headfort E. Bective
Henley E. Northington
Hensol E. Talbot
Herbert E. Pembroke
Hervey E. Bristol
Hinchinbroke V E. Sandweich
Hermitage V E. Deloraine
Hinton V E. Poulett
Hobart E. Bucks
Hoddo E. Aberdeen
Hope E. Hoptoun
Howard E. Effingham
Huntingtour E. Dysert
Huntly M D. Gordon
Hyde E. Clarendon
Ikerrin E. Carrick
Jocelyn E. Roden
Kennard E. Newburgh
Kennedy E. Cassilis
Kilcoursie V E. Cavan
Kildare M D. Leinster
Kilmaurs E. Glencairn
Kingsborough E. Kingston
Kirkwall E. Orkney
Lempster E. Pomfret
Le Poer E. Tyrone
Leslie E. Rothes
Lewisham V E. Dartmouth
Limeri
k E. Clanbrassil
Lincoln E D. Newcastle
Lindsay M D. Ancaster
Linton E. Traquair
Loftus E. Ely
Longueville V E. Sussex
Lorn M. D. Argyll
Loughneath E. Massureene
Ludlow V E. Powys
Lumley V E. Scarborough
Lymington V E. Portsmouth
Macduff E. Fife
Mahon V E. Stanhope
Maidstone V E. Winchelsea
Maitland V E. Lauderdale
Malden V E. Essex
Malpas V E. Cholmondeley
Malton E M. Rockingham
Mandeville V D. Manchester
Mansfield E. Mansfield
March E D. Richmond
Mauchlane E. Loudon
Maule E. Panmure
Maxwell E. Farnham
Middlesex E D. Dorset
Milsington V E. Portmore
Milton V E. Fitzwilliam
Molyneux E. Sefton
Montgomery E. Eglington
M
thermer M D. Montagu
Moore E. Drogheda
Mordaunt V E. Peterborough
Morpeth V E. Carlisle
Mountstewart V E. Bute
Newtoun E. Lanesborough
Nidpath E. March
Norreys E. Abingdon
North E. Guildford
Nuneham V E. Harcourt
O'Bryen E. Inchiquin
Orwell E. Shipbroke
Ossulston E. Tankerville
Paisly E. Abercorn
Parker V E. Macclesfield
Perceval E. Egmont
Percy E D. Northumberland
Petersham V E. Harrington
Pitt V E. Chatham
Pollington E. Mexborough
Polwarth E. Marchmont
Preston E. Ludlow
Primrose V E. Roseberry
Ramsay E. Dalhousie
Rawdon E. Moira
Rosehill E. Northesk
Royston V E. Hardwicke
Rusborough E. Miltown
St. Asaph V E. Ashburnham
St. Laurence E. Howth
Seymour D. Somerset
Sherrard V E. Harborough
Stanhope E. Chesterfield
Stanley E. Derby
Stavordale E. Ilchester
Stopford E. Courtown
Strathnaver E. Sutherland
Sudley E. Arran
Surrey E D. Norfolk
Talbot E. Shrewsbury
Tamworth V E. Ferrers
Tavistock M D. Bedford
Titchfield M D. Portland
Trentham V E. Gower
Tufton E. Thanet
Tudibardin M D. Athol
Tunbridge V E. Rochford
Turnour E. Winterton
Vaughan V E. Lisburne
Villiers V E. Jersey
Villiers E. Grandison
Wellesley E. Mornington
Walpole V E. Orford
Wentworth V E. Strafford
Westport E. Altamont
Winchester M D. Bolton
Windsor E. Plymouth
Worcester M D. Beaufort.
A LIST of the SIR-NAMES of the NOBILITY, to shew what Family, Honourable Persons are of. D Duke — M Marq. — E Earl — V Vis.
Acheson Gosford
Agar Brandon E
Agar Clifton
Aland Fortescue
Allen Allen V
Amherst Amherst
Annesley Glerawley V
Annesley Valentia V
Arbuthnot Arbuthnot V
Archer Archer
Arundel Arundel
Ashburnham Ashburnham E
Aylmer Aylmer
Barnwall Kingsland V
Barrington Barrington V
Barry Barrymore E
Bateman Bateman V
Bathurst Bathurst E
Beauclerk St. Albans D
Beauclerk Vere
Bellasyse Fauconberg E
Bellenden Bellenden
Bennet Tankerville E
Bentinck Portland D
Beresford Tyrone E
Berkeley Berkeley E
Bertie Ancaster D
Bertie Abingdon E
Bingham Lucan
Birmingham Louth E
Blaney Blaney
Bligh Clifton
Boscawen Falmouth V
Bourke Naas
Bouverie Radner E
Boyle Corke E
Boyle Shannon E
Boyle Glasgow E
Boyle Boyle
Brabazon Meath E
Brodrick Midleton
Bromley Montfort
Brown Altamont E.
Browne Montagu V
Brownlow Brownlow
Bruce Elgin E
Brudenel Aylesbury E
Brudenel Brudenel
Brydges Chandois D
Bulkeley Bulkeley V
Burrell Willoughby of Eresby
Butler Lanesborough E
Butler Carrick E
Butler Mountgarret V
Butler Cahier
Byng Torrington V
Byron Byron
Cadogan Cadogan
Campbell Argyl D
Campbell Marchmont E.
Campbell Breadalbane E
Campbell Loudon E
Capel Essex E
Carey Falkland V
Carmichael Hyndford E
Cathcart Cathcart
Caulfield Charlemont E
Cavendish Devonshire D
Cecil Salisbury E
Cecil Exeter E
Chetwynd Chetwynd V
Chichester Donegall E
Cholmondeley Cholmondeley E
Clifford Clifford of Chudley
Clifford Clifford
Clinton Newcastle D
Clive Clive
Cochran Dundonald E
Cockaine Cullen V
Cole Enniskillen V
Collier Portmore E
Colville Colville of Culross
Colville Colville of Ochiltree
Compton Northampton E
Conway Hertford E
Conyngham Conyngham V
Cooper Shaftesb
ry E
Coote Bellamont E
Coote Montrath E
Cornwallis Cornwallis E
Coventry Coventry E
Cowper Cowper E
Cranstown Cranstown
Craven Craven
Crawford Crawford E
Creighton Erne
Cros
e Glandore E
Cusse Desart
Cunninghame Glencairn E
Curzon Searsdale
Gust Brownlow
Dalrymple Stair E
Damer Milton
D'Arcy D'Arcy
Dawney Downe V
Dawson Carlow V
Dowson Dartrey
De Burgh Clanricarde E
De Courcy Kinsale
De Ginkele Athlone
De Grey Walsingham
Dennis Tracton
Devereux Hereford V
Digby Digby
Dormer Dormer
Douglas Queensbury D
Douglas Morton E
Douglas S
lkirk E
Duff Fife E
Dunning Ashburton
ig
mbe Edgecumbe
Edwardes Rensington
lphinstone
phi
one
ine K
lly E
ine Buchan E
vans Carbery
Eyre Eyre
F
irfax F
irfax
F
lconer H
kertoun
Fane W
moreland E
Fermer P
fret E
Fielding D
bigh E
Finch Winc
E
Finch Ayle
ford E
Fitzger
d Luinder D
Fitzmaurice Kerry E
Fitzpatrick Upper Ossory E
Fitzroy Grafton D
Fitzroy Southampton
Fitzwilliam Fitzwilliam E
Fitzwilliam Fitzwilliam V
Flower Ashbrook V
Foley Foley
Forbes Gracard E
Forbes Forbes
Forrester Forrester
Forrescue Clermont E
Fortescue Fortescue
Fox Ilchester E
Fox Holland
Fraser Saltoun
Gage Gage V
Germain Sackville V
Godolphin Godolphin
Gordon Gordon D.
Gordon Aboyne E
Gordon Aberdeen E
Gore Ross E
Gore Arran E
Gore Annaly
Gower Gower E
Graham Montrose D
Gray Gray
Greville Warwick E
Grey Stamford E
Grimston Grimston V
Grosvenor Grosvenor
Hamilton Hamilton D.
Hamilton Abercorn E
Hamilton Haddington E
Hamilton Boyne V
Hamilton Belhaven
Hamilton Clanbrassil
Hanger Coleraine
Harcourt Harcourt E
Harley Oxford E
Hastings Huntingdon E
Hawke Hawke
Hay Tweedale M
Hay Kinnoul E
Henley Northington E
Herbert Pembroke E
Herbert Powis E
Herbert Porchester
Hervey Bristol E
Hewitt Lifford V
Hickman Plymouth E
Hill Hilsborough E
Hobart Buckinghamshire E
Holroyd Sheffield
Home Home E
Hood Hood
Hope Hopetoun E
How Chedworth
Howe Howe V
Howard Norfolk D
Howard Effingham E
Howard Suffolk E
Howard Carlisle E
Howard Clonmore
Ingram Irvine V
Irby Boston
Jocelyn Roden
Johnson Annandale M
Jones Ranelagh V
Kennedy Cassilis E
Keppel Albemarle E
Ker Roxburgh D
Ker Lothian M.
King King
King Kingston
Kinnaird Kinnaird
Lamb Melbourne V
Lambart Cavan E
Langdale Langdale
Leeson Miltown E
Legge Dartmouth E
Legge Stawel
Leigh Leigh
Lennard D'Acre
Lenox Richmond D
Leslie Leven E
Leslie Newark
Leslie Lindores
Liddel Ravensworth
Lin
say Balcarras E
Loftus Ely E
Ludlow Ludlow E
Luttrel I
nham
Lyon Strathmore
Lysaght Lisle
Lyttelton Westcote
Macartney Macartney
Macdonald Macdenald
Macdonnel Antrim E
Macdowal Dumfries E
Mackay Raay
Maclellan Kircudbright
Maitland Lauderdale E
Manners Rutland D
Marsham Romney
Mason Grandison E
Massey Massey
Maude De Montalt
Maule Panmure
Maxwell Farnham E
Maynard Maynard V
Mayne Newhaven
Mead Clanwilliam E
Molesworth Molesworth V
Molineux Sefton E
Monkton Galway V
Monson Monson
Montagu Manchester D
Montagu Montagu D
Montagu Sandwich E
Montagu Beaulieu
Montgomery Eglinton E
Moore Drogheda E
Moore Mountcashel V
Moore Castle Stewart
Mordaunt Peterborough E
Moreton Ducie
Morres Mountmorres V
Murray Athol D
Murray Mansfield E
Murray Dunmore E
Murray Stormont V
Murray Elibank
Napier Napier
Needham Kilmorey V
Netterville Netterville V
Neville Abergavenny
Noel Gainsborough E
Noel Wentworth V
North Guildford E
Norton Grantley
Nugent Nugent E
Obrien Orkney E
Obrien Inchiquin
Ogilvy Findlater E
Ogilvy Bamf
Olmius Waltham
Ongley Ongley
Onslow Onslow
Osborne Leeds D
Osborne Dumblain V
Paget Paget
Pakenham Longford
Parker Macclesfield E
Pelham Pelham
Pepys Rothes E
Perceval Arden
Perceval Egmont
Percy Northumberland D
Percy Percy
Petty Shelburne E
Phillips Milford
Phipps Mulgrave
Pitt Chatham E
Pitt Rivers
Ponsonby Besborough E
Poulett Poulett E
Powlett Bolton D
Pratt Camden
Primrose Roseberry E
Proby Carysfort
Ramsay Dalhousie E
Ratcliffe Newborough E
Rawdon Moira E
Rice Dinevor
Robinson Grantham
Robinson Rokeby
Rochfort Belvidere E
Rodney Rodney
Rollo Rollo
Roper Teynham
Rowley Langford V
Russel Bedford D
Ruthven Ruthven
Ryder Harrowby
Sackville Dorset D
St. John Bolingbroke V
St. John St. John
St. Laurence Howth E
Sandilands Torphichen
Sandys Sandys
Saunderson Scarborough E
Savile Mexborough E
Scott Buccleugh D
Scot Deloraine E
Sempill Sempill
Seymour Somerset D
Sherrard Harborough E
Shirley Ferrers E
Shuldham Shuldham
Sinclair Caithness E
Skeffington Massarene E
Smythe Strangford V
Somerset Beaufort D
Somerville Somerville
Southwell Southwell V
Spencer Marlborough D
Spencer Spencer E
Stanhope Chesterfield E
Stanhope Stanhope E
Stanhope Harrington E
Stanley Derby E
Stewart Moray E
Stewart Galloway E
Stewart Traquair E
Stewart Blantyre
Stopford Courtown E
Stourton Stourton
Stratford Alborough E
Stuart Bute E
Sutherland Sutherland E
Talbot Shrewsbury E
Taylor Bective E
Temple Temple E
Temple Palmerston
Thicknesse Palmerston
Thicknesse Audley
Thurlow Thurlow
Thynne Weymouth V
Tollemache Dysert E
Townshend Townshend V
Townshend De Fer
ars
Tracy Tracy V
Trevor Dungannon V
Tufton Thanet E
Turnour Winterton E
Twisdale Say and Sele
Ty
ney Ty
ney E
Vane Darlington E
Vane Vane V
Vaughan Lisburne E
Verney Verney E
Verney Willoughby de Broke
Vernon Shipbroke E
Vernon Vernon
Vesey De Vesci V
Villiers Jersey E
Villiers Clarendon E
Villiers Grandison V
Upton Templetown
Waldegrave Waldegrave E
Wallop Portsmouth E
Walpole Orford E
Walpole Walpole
Wandesford Wandesford E
Ward Dudley V
Ward Bangor
Watson Sondes
Weaver Mordington
Wedderburne Loughborough
Wenman Wenman V
Wentworth Rockingham M
Wentworth Strafford E
We
ey Mornington E
West Delawar E
Willoughby Willoughby de Par
am
Willoughby Middleton
Wingfield Powerscourt V
Wyndham Egremont E
Wynn Newborough
Yelverton Sussex E
Yorke Grey M
Yorke Hardwicke E
Zulestein Rochford E.
LORD CHAMBERLAINS, from the present KING's ACCESSION. *⁎*
The
DATES
mark the
APPOINTMENT.
Duke of Devonshire.
Duke of Marlborough, Nov. 22, 1762
Earl Gower, Apr. 22, 1762
Duke of Portland, July 12, 1765
Earl of Hertford, Dec. 4 1766
Duke of Manchester, Apr. 1782
VICE CHAMBERLAINS.
Right hon. William Finch.
Earl of Jersey, July 12, 1765
Hon. Thomas Robinson, now lord Grantham, Feb. 13, 1770
Lord Hinchingbroke, Feb. 6, 1771
Lord Chewton, May 2, 1782
GROOMS of the STOLE.
Earl of Rochford.
Earl of Bute, Nov. 25, 1760
Earl of Huntingdon, Mar. 25, 1761
Earl of Bristol, Jan. 2
, 1770
Viscount Weymouth, March 1775
Earl of Ashburnham, Nov. 10, 1775
Viscount Weymouth, May 1, 1782
LORD STEWARDS.
Duke of Rutland.
Earl Talbot, Mar. 25, 1761
Earl of Carlisle, May 1782
COMPTROLLERS.
Lord Edgcumbe,
Earl Powis, May 22, 1761
Lord George Cavendish, Nov. 25, 1761
Lord Charles Spencer, Nov. 22, 1762
Thomas Pelham, now lord Pelham, July 20, 1765
Sir William Meredith, Nov. 10, 1775
Lord Onslow, Dec. 1777
Sir Richard Worsley, Nov. 1779
Earl of Ludlow, Apr. 10, 1782
TREASURERS.
Lord Thomond.  
Earl Powis, Nov. 25, 1761
Lord Edgcumbe, July 20, 1765
John (now Sir John) Shelly Nov. 27, 1766
Earl of Carlisle, May 1777
Lord Onslow, Nov. 1779
Earl of Salisbury Sept. 1780
Earl of Effingham Apr. 10, 1782
COFFERERS.
Duke of Leeds.  
James Grenville, Apr. 3, 1761
Lord Thomond, Nov. 25, 1761
Earl of Scarborough, July 20, 1765
Hans Stanley, Dec. 4, 1766
Jeremiah Dyson, esq. 1774
Hans Stanley, 1776
Lord Beauchamp, Jan. 1780
MASTERS of the HOUSEHOLD.
John Harris.  
Hon. Hen. Fred. Thynne, Apr. 19, 1768
Sir Fran. Hen. Drake, Dec. 19, 1770
MASTERS of the HORSE.
Earl Gower.  
Earl of Huntingdon, Nov. 25, 1760
Duke of Rutland, Mar. 25, 1
61
Earl of Hertford, August 1766
Duke of Ancaster, Dec. 13, 1766
Duke of Northumberland, Dec. 8, 1778
Duke of Montagu, Jan. 1781
CAPTAINS of the BAND of GENTLEMEN PENSIONERS.
Lord Berkeley of Stratton.  
Earl of Litchfield, July 17, 1762
Lord Edgeumbe, Dec. 8, 1772
Lord De Ferrars, Apr. 6, 1782
KEEPERS of the GREAT WARDROBE.
Sir Thomas Robinson, late lord Grantham.  
Earl Gower, Nov. 25, 1760
Lord Le Despencer, May 3, 1763
Earl of Ashburnham, July 20, 1765
Lord Pelham, Nov. 10, 1775
MASTERS of the JEWEL OFFICE.
Sir Richard Lyttelton.  
Earl of Darlington, Dec. 1762
QUEEN'S HOUSEHOLD. LORD CHAMBERLAINS.
Earl (now duke) of Northumberland.  
Earl Harcourt, Apr. 21, 1763
Earl Delawar, 1768
Marquis of Caermarthen, Dec. 1777
Lord Southampton, Oct. 1780
Earl of Aylesbury Jan. 1781
VICE CHAMBERLAINS.
Lord Viscount Cantalupe.  
Hon. Charles Fitzroy, now lord Southampton, 1768
Hon. Robert Brudenell 1776
MASTERS of the HORSE.
Earl H
art.  
Wey mouth, Apr. 21, 1763
Earl
May 1765
Duke of
June 1765
Duke
Jan. 20, 1768
W
grave, Nov. 1770
TREASURERS.
Andrew Stone,
 
of G
ord, 1774
SECRETARIES.
General Graeme.  
Ja. Harris, esq. 1774
Hon. G. A. North, 1700
COMPTROLLERS.
Hon. Sewallis Shirley,  
General Grame, 1765
Ja. Harris, esq. 1774
TREASURERS of the CHAMBER.
Charles Townshend.  
Sir Francis Dashwood (afterwards lord Le Despencer), Mar. 21, 1761
Sir Gilbert Elliot, May 29, 1762
Sir George Rice, Apr. 12, 1770
Lord Charles Spencer, Nov. 1779
LORD PRESIDENTS.
Earl Granville Died Jan. 2, 1763.—Vacant till September following.  
Duke of Bedford, Sept. 9, 1763
Earl of Winchels
a, July 12, 1765
Earl of Northington, July 30, 1766
Earl Gower, Dec. 23, 1767
Earl Bathurst, Nov. 1779
Lord Camden, Mar. 27, 1782
LORD WARDENS of the STANNARIES.
Lord Waldegrave.  
Humphry Morice, Dec. 20, 1762
CHANCELLORS of the DUCHY of LANCASTER.
Lord Kinnoul.  
Lord Strange, Dec. 15, 1762
Lord Hyde, now lord Clarendon, June 14, 1771
Lord Ashburton, Apr. 17, 1782
LORDS PRIVY SEAL.
Earl Temple.  
In commission. E. Weston, W. Sharpe, and Jer. Dyson, Oct. 12, 1761
Duke of Bedford, Nov. 25, 1761
Duke of Marlborough, Apr. 20, 1763
Duke of Newcastle, July 15, 1765
Earl of Chatham, July 30, 1766
Earl of Bristol, Nov. 2, 1768
Earl of Halifax, Feb. 9, 1770
Earl of Suffolk, Jan. 22, 1771
Duke of Grafton, June 12, 1771
Earl of Dartmouth, Nov. 10, 1775
Duke of Grafton, Mar. 27, 1782
ATTORNEYS and SOLICITORS GENERAL, ATTORNEYS.
Charles Pratt (now lord Camden).  
Mr. Yorke, Dec. 14, 1761
Sir Fletcher Norton (lord Grantley), Nov. 1763
Hon. Charles Yorke, Aug. 1765
William De Grey (lord Walsingham), Aug. 1766
Edward (now lord) Thurlow, Jan. 23, 1771
Alexander Wedderburne (now lord Loughborough), July 1778
James Wallace, Aug. 1780
Lloyd Kenyon, Apr. 20, 1782
SOLICITORS.
Hon. Charles Yorke.  
Sir Fletcher Norton (lord Grantley), Dec. 14, 1761
William De Grey (lord Walsingham), Nov. 1763
Edward Willes, Aug. 1766
John Dunning (now lord Ashburton), Dec. 23, 1767
Edward (now lord) Thurlow, Mar. 1770
Alexander Wedderburne (now lord Loughborough), Jan. 23, 1771
James Wallace, July 1778
James Mansfield, Sept. 1780
John Lee, Apr. 20, 1782
FIRST LORDS of the TREASURY.
Duke of Newcastle.  
Earl of Bute, May 29, 1762
George Grenville, Apr. 16, 1763
Marquis of Rockingham, July 12, 1765
Duke of Grafton, Aug. 2, 1766
Lord North, Jan. 28, 1770
Marquis of Rockingham, Mar. 30, 1782
CHANCELLORS of the EXCHEQUER.
Henry Bilson Legge.  
Lord Barrington, Mar. 21, 1761
Sir Francis Dashwood (lord Le Despencer), May 29, 1762
George Grenville, Apr. 16, 1763
William Dowdeswell, July 12, 1765
Charles Townshend, Aug. 2, 1760
Lord North, Sept. 16, 1767
Lord John Cavendish, Mar. 30, 1782
SECRETARIES to the FIRST LORD.
Charles Jenkinson May 29, 1762
Edmund Burke, July 12, 1765
Richard Stonhewer, Aug. 2, 1766
Sir Grey Cooper and John Robinson.  
Richard Burke and — Strachey, Mar. 30, 1782
SECRETARIES of STATE. SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT.
William Pitt (lord Chatham).  
Earl of Egremont, Oct. 9, 1761
Earl of Sandwich, Sept. 9, 1763
Henry Seymour Conway, July 12, 1765
Duke of Richmond, May 23, 1766
Earl of Shelburne, Aug. 2, 1766
Lord Weymouth, Oct. 21, 1768
Earl of Rochford, Dec. 19, 1770
Viscount Weymouth, Nov. 10, 1775
Earl of Hillsborough Nov. 1779
Earl of Shelburne, Mar. 27, 1782
NORTHERN DEPARTMENT.
Earl of Holdernesse.  
Earl of Bute, Mar. 25, 1761
George Grenville, May 29, 1762
Earl of Halifax. Oct. 14, 1762
Duke of Grafton, July 12, 1765
Henry Seymour Conway, May 23, 1766
Lord Weymouth, Jan. 20, 1768
Earl of Rochford, Oct. 21, 1768
Earl of Sandwich, Dec. 19, 1770
Earl of Halifax, Jan. 22, 1771
Earl of Suffolk, June 12, 1771
Viscount Stormont, Oct. 27, 1779
Charles James Fox, Mar. 27, 1782
FOR THE COLONIES.
Earl of Hillsborough, Jan. 20, 1768
Earl of Dartmouth, Aug. 14, 1772
Lord George Germain (Sackville), Nov. 10, 1775
Welbore Ellis, Feb. 12, 1782
FIRST LORDS of TRADE.
Earl of Halifax.  
Lord Sandys, Mar. 21, 1761
Charles Townshend, Mar. 1, 1763
Lord Shelburne, Apr. 20, 1763
Lord Hillsborough, Sept. 9, 1763
Lord Dartmouth, July 20, 1765
Lord Hillsborough Aug. 16, 1766
Lord Clare, Dec. 1766
Lord Dartmouth, Aug. 31, 1772
Lord George Germain (Sackville), Nov. 1775
Earl of Carlisle, Nov. 1779
Earl of Grantham, Feb. 1781
PAYMASTERS GENERAL of the FORCES.
Henry Fox, afterwards lord Holland.  
Charles Townshend, June 8, 1765
Lord North, and George Cooke, esq. Aug. 2, 1766
T. Townshand, and G. Cooke, esqrs Dec. 3, 1767
Richard Rigby, June 14, 1761
Edmund Barke, Mar. 30, 1782
JOINT POSTMASTERS.
Earl of Bes
orough; Hon. R. Hampden (now lord Hampden).  
Earl of Egmont; Hon R. Hampden, Nov. 27, 1762
Lord Hyde; Hon. R. Hampden, Sept. 10, 1763
Earl of Besborough; Hon. R. Hampden, July 20, 1765
Lord Grantham; Earl of Besborough, July 20, 1765
Earl of Hilliborough; Lord Le Despencer, Dec. 27, 1766
Earl of Sandwich; Lord Le Despencer, Jan. 20, 1768
Hon. Henry Frederick Thynne; Lord Le Despencer, Dec. 19, 1770
Hon. Fred. Thynne Carteret; Lord Le Despencer, Dec. 19, 1770
Hon. F. T. Carteret; Lord Barrington, Jan. 1782
Hon. F. T. Carteret; Earl of Tankerville, Apr. 10, 1782
SECRETARIES at WAR.
Lord Barrington.  
Charles Townshend, Mar. 24, 1761
Welbore Ellis, Feb. 27, 1763
Lord Barrington, July 20, 1765
Charles Jenkinson, June 1778
Thomas Townshend, Mar. 30, 1782
FIRST LORDS of the ADMIRALTY.
Lord Anson,  
Lord Hallifax, June 19, 1762
George Grenville, Oct. 16, 1762
Lord Sandwich, Apr. 16, 1763
Lord Egmont, Sept. 9, 1763
Sir Charles Saunders, Sept. 16, 1763
Lord Hawke, Dec. 2, 1766
Lord Sandwich, Jan 12, 1771
Lord Keppel, Mar. 30, 1782
TREASURERS of the NAVY.
George Grenville.  
Lord Barrington, June 2, 1762
Lord H
we, Aug. 9, 1765
Sir Gilbert Elliot, bart. Mar. 19, 1770
Welbore Ellis, June 1777
Isaac Barre, Mar. 30, 1782
VICE ADMIRALS of GREAT BRITAIN.
Lord Anson.  
Henry Osborne, Jan. 4, 1763
Lord Hawke, Nov. 5, 1765
Sir Geo. Brydges (now lord) Rodney, , 1781
REAR ADMIRALS of GREAT BRITAIN.
Sir William Rowley.  
Lord Hawke, Jan. 4, 1763
Sir Charles Knowles, Nov. 5, 1765
Sir Franci
Holburne, Oct. 1770
Sir Geo. Brydges (now lord) Rodney, Aug. 17, 1771
George Darby, esq. 1781
VICE ADMIRALS of SCOTLAND.
Earl Finlater.  
John, Earl of Hyndford, Dec. 22, 1764
Earl of March, Nov. 5, 1765
Earl of Breadalbane, 1776
Lord William Gordon, Mar. 1782
MASTERS of GREENWICH HOSPITAL.
Admiral Isane Townshend.  
Sir Geo. Br
dges (now lord) Rodney, Nov. 30, 1765
Sir Francis Holburne, June 15, 1771
Sir Charles Hardy, Aug. 17, 1771
Sir Hugh Palliser, Sept. 1780
MASTER GENERALS of the ORDNANCE.
Earl Ligonier.  
Marquis of Granby, May 14, 1763
Lord Viscount Townshend, Oct. 17, 1772
Duke of Richmond, Mar. 30, 1782
LIEUTENANT GENERALS of the ORDNANCE.
Marquis of Granby.  
Lord Viscount Townshend, May 14, 1763
Right hon. Henry Seymour Conway, Oct. 24, 1767
Sir Jeffery (now lord) Amherst, Oct. 22, 1772
Sir William Howe, Apr. 1782
COMMANDER in CHIEF.
Henry Seymour Conway, Mar. 30, 1782
ORDER of PRECEDENCY.
King's Children and Grand Children
— Brethren
— Uncles
— Nephews
Archbishop of Canterbury
Lord Chancellor, or, Keeper, if a Baron
Archbishop of York
Lord Treasurer if Barons
Lord President if Barons
Lord Privy Seal if Barons
Lord Great Chamberlain above all Peers of the same Degree.
Lord High Constable above all Peers of the same Degree.
Lord Marshal above all Peers of the same Degree.
Lord High Admiral above all Peers of the same Degree.
Lord Steward of the Household above all Peers of the same Degree.
Dukes
Marquisses
Dukes eldest Sons
Earls
Marquisses eldest Sons
Dukes younger Sons
Viscounts
Earls eldest Sons
Marquisses younger Sons
Secretary of State, if a Bishop
Bishop of London
— Durham
— Winchester
Bishops
Secretary of State, if a Baron
Barons
Speaker of the House of Commons
Lords Commissioners of the Great Sea
Viscounts eldest Sons
Earls younger Sons
Barons eldest Sons
Knights of the Garter
Privy Counsellors
Chancellor of the Exchequer
— of the Duchy
Chief Justice of the King's Bench
Master of the Rolls
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
Chief Baron of the Exchequer
Judges and Barons of the Coif
Knights Banneret, if made in the Field
Viscounts younger Sons
Barons younger Sons
Baronets
Knights Banneret
Knights of the Bath
Knights Bachelors
Baronets eldest Sons
Knights eldest Sons
Baronets younger Sons
Knights younger Sons
Colonels
Serjeants at Law
Doctors Graduate
Esquires
Gentlemen
Yeomen
Tradesmen
Artificers
Labourers
Irish Peers rank after Peers of equal Titles with themselves. Thus Irish Dukes rank immediately after English Dukes, Irish Marquisses after English Marquisses, and so on.
Married Women and Widows are entitled to the same Rank among each other, as their Husbands would have respectively borne between themselves, except such Rank is merely prosessional or official; and unmarried Women to the same Rank as their eldest Brothers would have among Men, during the Lives of their Fathers.
Maids of Honour rank next after Barons Daughters.
An Alphabetical LIST of the present BARONETS of ENGLAND, their most usual Places of Abode, with the Time when they, or their Ancestors, were so honoured.
The
DATES
are according to the present Method of beginning the Year the First of January.
N. B. Where we have not been able to come at the Christan Name of the present BARONET, we have put that of the last deceased.
1641 Abdy, William
1644 Ackland, T. Dyke
1644 Acton, Richard
1782 Affleck, Edmund
1769 Alleyne, J. Gay
1699 Allin, —
1642 Alston, Rowland
1682 Alston, Evelyn
1660 Anderson, Rev. W.
1781 André, William
1641 Andrews, William
1766 Andrews, Joseph
1738 Armytage, George
1761 Asgill, Charles
1661 Ashburnham, Wm.
1660 Astley, Edward
1628 Aston, Willough by
1660 Aubrey, Thomas
1612 Ayloffe, Joseph
1611 Bacon, Edmund
1776 Baker, George
1641 Bampfylde, C. W.
1781 Banks, Joseph
1676 Barker, William
1781 Barker, Robert
1611 Barrington, Fitzw.
1779 Bassett, Francis
1779 Bastard, William
1762 Bayntun, Edward
1661 Beaumont, George
1681 Beckwith, Jonathan
1661 Bedingfield, Rich.
1662 Bernard, Robert
1769 Bernard, Francis
1620 Berney, John
1663 Betenson, R Brad.
1778 Bickerton, Richard
1664 Biddulph, Theoph.
1641 Bindloss, Edward
1620 Bisshopp, Cecil
1673 Blackett, Edward
1718 Blackwell, Lambert
1772 Blake, Patrick
1774 Blake, Francis
1686 Blois, John
1642 Blount, Walter
1720 Blount, Charles
1611 Booth, Rev. Geo.
1660 Booth by, William
1641 Boughton. Edward
1660 Bowyer, William
1775 Boyd, John
1618 Boynton, Griffith
1679 Bradshaigh, Roger
1718 Bridges, Brooke
1660 Bridgman, H. Lev.
1673 Bridgman, Francis
1644 Brigges, John
1757 Bromley, George
1662 Brooke, Richard
1661 Broughton, T.
1665 Browne, John
1732 Browne, James
1660 Buck, Charles
1697 Buckworth, Ever.
1681 Bunbury, T. C.
1619 Burdet, Robert
1666 Burdett, Charles
1767 Burnaby, W. Cha.
1641 Burgoyne, John
1769 Burrard, Harry
1766 Burrell, Mer.
1622 Burton, Charles
1661 Carew, Thomas
1641 Castleton, William
1641 Cave, Thomas
1755 Cavendisn, Henry
1661 Cayley, George
1767 Champneys, Thos.
1720 Chapman, John
1686 Charlton, Francis
1720 Chernock, Villiers
1766 Cheere, Rev. Wm.
1720 Chetwode, John
1641 Chichester, John
1685 Child, Caesar
1674 Clarges, Thomas
1698 Clarke, John
1661 Clavering, Thomas
1732 Clayton, Robert
1774 Clayton, Richard
1660 Clerke, Fran. Carr
1774 Clerke, Ph. Jen.
1611 Clifton, Gervas
1772 Cocks, Charles
1721 Codrington, Wm.
1778 Coghill, John
1781 Coghill, John
1759 Colebrooke, Geo.
1661 Colleton, John
1693 Colt, John Dutton
1686 Compton, Walter
1628 Conyers, Blaxton
1661 Cooke, George
1611 Cope, Rev. Richard
1714 Cope, Charles
1778 Copley, Joseph
1764 Cornewall, George
1641 Cotton, J. Hynde
1677 Cotton, R. Salusb.
1781 Craufurd, Alex.
1671 Croft, Archer
1660 Cullum, Rev. John
1759 Cunliffe, Foster
1716 Daeth, Narborough
1641 Dalston, John
1746 Danvers, John
1684 Dashwood, H. W.
1682 Davers, Charles
1641 Davie, John
1761 Delaval, J. Hussey
1626 Dering, Edward
1707 Dineley, John
1660 Dixie, Wolstan
1704 Dolben, William
1776 Douglas, Charles
166 D'Oyley, William
16
6 D'Oyly, John
1622 Drake, Fra. Henry
1782 Drake, Francis
16
9 Dryden, John
1665 Dukenfield, Nath.
1762 Dundas, Rth. Law.
1774 Duntze, John
1678 Dyer, John
1677 Dyke, John Dix.
1766 East, William
1672 Eden, John
1776 Eden, Robert
1774 Edmonstone, Arch.
1645 Edwards, Thomas
1617 Egerton, Thomas
1778 Eiliot, John
1717 E
ton, Abraham
1660 E
wes, Henry
1612 Englefield, Henry
1713 Evelyn, Frederick
1775 Etherington, Flen.
1629 Everard, Hugh
1641 Every, Edward
1725 Eversfield, Charles
1714 Eyles-Styles, John
1660 Fagg, William
1779 Farmer, George
1726 Farnaby, Charles
1747 Fetherstonhaugh, II
1674 Filmer, John
1705 Fleming, Mich. Le
1611 Fletewood, Thos.
1759 Flndyer, Sam. B.
1767 Foley, Rob. Ralph
1774 Folkes, Martin
1620 Foulis, William
1660 Frankland, Thos.
1723 Frederick, John
1713 Freke, John
1660 Gage, Thomas
1611 Gerrard, Thomas
1774 Gibbes, Philip
1752 Gibbons, William
1759 Gideon, Sampson
1759 Glyn, George
1746 Gooch, Thomas
1641 Goodricke, John
1764 Gordon, Jennison
1627 Goring, Henry
1728 Gough, Henry
1662 Graham, Bellingh.
1611 Gresley, Nigel
1660 Gresham, John
1746 Grey, Henry
1661 Guise, William
1778 Gunning Robert
1643 Haggerstone, Thes.
1611 Hales, Edward
1660 Hales Philip
1660 Hales, John
1641 H
ford, Charles
16
2 Halton, William
1776 Hamilton, John
1667 Hanham, William
1774 Hanmer Walden
1746 Harbourd, Harb.
1771 Harland, Robert
162
Harpur, Harry
1611 Harrington, James
164
Hatton, Thomas
1775 Hawkins, Caesar
1676 Head, Edmund,
1
33 Heathcote, Gilbert
17
3 Heathcote, Thos.
1763 Henniker, John
1662 Heron, Thomas
1778 Heron, Richard
1761 Hesketh, Robert
1619 Hesi
rigge, Robert
1621 Hewet, Thomas
1641 Heyman, Peter
1643 Hickman, Nevil
1619 Hicks, John
1660 Hildyard, Robert
1727 Hill, Rowland
1611 Hoghton, Henry
1612 Holte, Charies
1660 Honywood, John
1778 Hood, Samuel
1767 Hort, John
1764 Horton, Watts
1767 Hoskins, Hungers.
1660 Hudson, Charles
1773 Hughes, Richard
1739 Hulse, Edward
1709 Hume, Abraham
16
3 Hunlocke, Henry
1665 Jacob, Hildebrand
1778 James William
1748
bbetson, James
1778 Jebb. Richard
16
1 Jenkinson Banks
1620 Jerningham, Wm.
1781 Ingilby, John
1755 Johnson, John
1774 Jones, William
1627 Isham, Justinian
1642 Kaye, John Lister
1642 Kemp, William
1660 Keyt, Thos. Char.
1641 Knatchbull, Ed.
1754 Knollys, Francis
1765 Knowles, C. Hen.
1758 Lade, John
1711 Lake, Jam. Winter
1711 Lambert, John
1660 Langham, James
1641 Langley, Haldanby
1776 Laroche, James
1641 Lawley, Robert
1665 Lawson, John
1688 Lawson, Gilfred
1660 Lee, Wm. Hartwell
1660 Legard, John
1600 Leicester, J. Flem.
1773 Leigh, Egerton
1693 Leighton, Charlton
1774 Lemon, William
1778 Lippincot, Henry
1627 Littleton, Edward
1778 Lloyd, Edward
1662 Long, Ja. Tylney
1664 Loraine, William
1781 Lovett, Jona.
1642 Lowther, James
1764 Lowther, Rev. W.
1772 Lyde, Lionel
1619 Mackworth, Henry
1770 Mackworth, Herb.
1660 Mainwaring, Hen.
1755 Mann, Horatio
1627 Mannock, George
1697 Mansell, Edward
1622 Mansell, William
1642 Markham, James J.
1667 Martin, Mordaunt
1765 Mawbey, Joseph
1662 Middleton, Wm.
1781 Middleton, Charles
1619 Mill, Rev. Charles
1661 Millbank, Ralph
1705 Miller, Thomas
1717 Milner, William
1724 Mitchell, Andrew
1689 Molesworth, Wm.
1611 Molineux, Francis
1660 Monnoux, Philip
1774 Montgomery, Wm.
1627 Moore, John
1766 Moore, John
1611 Mordaunt, John
1675 More, William
1781 Mosley, John
1660 Mostyn, Roger
1670 Mostyn, Pyers
1611 Musgrave, Philip
1682 Naper, Charles
1666 Nelthorpe, John
1677 Newdigate, Roger
1641 Northcote, Stafford
1742 O'Carrol, John
1665 Oglander, William
1643 O'Neil
1661 Osborne, George
1641 Owen, William
1678 Oxenden, Henry
1620 Packington, Herb.
1773 Palliser, Hugh
1621 Palmer, Cha. Har.
1660 Palmer, John
1681 Parker, Rev. Hen.
1681 Parkyns, Thomas
1661 Parsons, Mark
1762 Paul, Onesiphorus
1737 Payne, Gillies
1737 Peachy, James
1676 Pennington, Joseph
1663 Pennyman, James
1774 Pepperell, William
1716 Perrot, Richard
1612 Peshall, John
1611 Peyton, Yelverton
1776 Peyton, Henry
1628 Pile, Seymour
1623 Playters, John
1628 Pole, John,
1677 Poole, Ferdinando
1644 Prestwich, Elias
1768 Price, Charles
1622 Prideaux, Wilmot
1766 Pringle, John
1745 Proctor, Thos. B.
1628 Pryce, Ewd. Manly
1781 Quin, Valen. Rich.
1689 Ramsden, John
1774 Raymond, Charles
1641 Read, John
1641 Rich, Thomas
1676 Rich, Robert
1684 Richards, Philip
1778 Riddell, James
1756 Ridley, Mat. White
1621 Rivers Gay, Rev. P.
1660 Robinson, George
1690 Robinson, Norton
1731 Robinson, William
1764 Rodney, Geo. Br.
1699 Rogers, Frederick
1660 Rous, John
1779 Rumbold, Thomas
1661 Rushout, John
1629 Russell, John
1671 St. Aubin, John
1772 St. John, H. Paulet
1642 St. Quintin, Wm.
1675 Samwell, Thomas
1611 Savile, George
1653 Scot, William
1626 Sebright, John
1665 Shaw, John
1755 Sheffield, John
1611 Shelly, John
1660 Shuckburgh, Geo.
1622 Skipwith, Peyton
1670 Skipwith, T. Geo.
1763 Smith, Jarrit
1774 Smith, John
1661 Smyth, William
1663 Smyth, Robert
1714 Smyth, Robert
1660 Smythe, Edward
1685 Soame, Peter
1677 Standish, Frank
1660 Stanley, John Tho.
1661 Stanley, William
1679 Stapleton, Thomas
1660 Stapylton, John
1621 Stepney, John
1628 Stonehouse, Rev. J.
1641 Strickland, George
1627 Style, Charles
1772 Sutton, Richard
1660 Swynburne, Edw.
1781 Sykes, Francis
1774 Symons, Richard
1662 Tancred, Thomas
1778 Taylor, John
1664 Tempest, Henry
16
2 Temple, Richard
16
4 Thomas, Edmund
1766 Thomas, George
1622 Thompson, Charles
1642 Thorold, John
1642 Throckmorton, Ro.
1621 Tichborne, Henry
1628 Trelawney, Rev. H.
1662 Trevelyan, John
1642 Trollope, Thomas
1727 Turner, John
1733 Turner, Gre. Page
1611 Twisden, William
1666 Twisden, J. Pap.
1674 Tynte, C. Kemeys
1723 Vandeput, George
1751 Van-Neck, G. W.
1628 Vavasor, Walter
1620 Vincent, Francis
1645 Vyvyan, Rev. Car.
1621 Wake, William
1660 Warburton, Peter
1775 Warren. J. Borlase
1715 Warrender, Patrick
1760 Watson, Charles
1644 Webb, John
1703 We ster, Godfrey
1700 Wescome, Anthony
1696 Wheate, Jacob
1660 Wheeler, William
1660 Whichcote, Christ.
1664 Williams, David
1661 Williams, Hugh
1774 Williams, Edward
1688 Williams Wynne, W
1746 Williams, Booth
1642 Williamson, Hedw.
1641 Willis, William
1759 Wilmot, Edward
1772 Wilmot, Robert
1661 Wilson, Th. Spenc.
1776 Winn, G. Allanson
1755 Winnington, Edw.
1774 Wintringham, Cli.
1611 Wodehouse, John
1628 Wolsely, William
1665 Wolstenholme, Fr.
1778 Wombwell, George
1749 Woolaston, Is. Law.
1766 Woolf, Jacob
1611 Worsley, Richard
1612 Wray, Cecil
1618 Wrey, Bourchier
1772 Wright, James
1772 Wright, James
1642 Wrottesley, John
1729 Wyche, Cyril
1731 Wynne, John
1660 Wynne, Rowland
1612 Wyvill, Marm.
1759 Yeo, William
1665 Yeomans, Rev. R.
1661 Yonge, G. Estcott
1769 Young, William
BARONETS of NOVA SCOTIA, RESIDENT in ENGLAND.
1637 Carr, Robert
1622 Gascoigne, Thos.
1638 Longueville, Thos.
1640 Meredith, William
1628 Musgrave, William
Prekering, Edward
1635 Pilkington, Mich.
1638 Slingsby, T. Turner
Besides the above, there are several to whom the Dignity of Baronet has been granted, but neither they nor their Susscessors have taken out their Patents, as Sir Robert Cornwall (who was created in Hanover by K. George II.), and Sir James Bunce, &c.
A Correct LIST of the BARONETS of IRELAND, with the Dates of their Creations, from the first Institution of that Order in Ireland (by the Letters Patent of King JAMES I. dated Sept. 30, 1619), to the present Time.
1621 Aylmer, Fitzgerald
1730 Bailey, Edward
1622 Barnewall, Patrick
1775 Barry, Edward
1688 Bellew, Patrick
1703 Blackwood, R.
1622 Blake, Valentine
1760 Blunden, John
1628 Bourke, Ulick
1759 Braddrect, S.
1764 Brooke, Arthur
1723 Burdet, Thomas
1645 Burrowes, Era.
1758 Burton, Charles
1628 Butler, Thomas
1671 Byrne, Gregory
1683 Caldwell, James
1763 C
tter, James
1744 Coulthurst, John
1706 Cox, Richard
1758 Croston, Mar.
1776 Cromie, Michael
1662 Dancer, Thomas
1709 Deane, Matthew
1686 Domville, Thomas
1781 Denny, Barry
1721 Echlin, Henry
1628 Esmond, Thomas
1778 Falkiner, Riggs
1766 Fetherstone Ralph
1780 Flood, Fred.
1724 Fownes, William
1768 Freke, John
1779 French, Charles
16
5 Gething, Richard
16
0 Giffard, Thomas
1760 Gore, Booth
1774 Hamilton, H.
1780 Hamilton, J. S.
1681 Harstonage, Harry
1779 Hill, Hugh
1774 Johnston, J. A.
1772 Johnstone, Richard
1777 Langrishe, Hercules
1776 Lawson, Nicholas
1704 Levinge, Richard
1768 Loftus, Edward
1758 Louth, Mar.
1774 Lumm, Francis
1622 Lynch, Henry
1627 Mac Donnel, Alex.
1781 Massey, H. Dillon
1763 May, James
1778 Miller, John
1730 Molyneux, Dr. J.
1681 Moore, Emanuel
1651 Morres, John
1758 Morres, William
1781 Newcomen, W. G.
1623 Newcomen, Robert
1768 Nugent, John
1686 O'Brien, Donald
1686 O'Brien, Lucius
1780 O'Bonnell, Neal
1665 O'Neile, Henry
1629 Osborne, Richard
1629 Osborne, William
1777 Palmer, Roger
1766 Parnell, John
1677 Parsons, Lawrence
1677 Parsons, William
1660 Piers, Henry
1678 Reynell, Richard
1760 Ribton, George
1766 St. George, Rich
1776 Smith, Skeffington
1748 Somerville, James
1628 Staples, Th.
1768 Steele, Richard
1623 Stewart, Annesley
1780 Tottenham, John
1622 Tuite, Oliver
1778 Tynte, James Strat.
1780 Waller, Robert
1744 Wolseley, Richard
1761 Yorke, William
Authentic LIST of the BARONETS of SCOTLAND.
1625.
Gordon of Gordonston
Strachan of Thornton
Campbell of Glenurchy
Innes of Innes
Livingston of Dunipace
Douglas of Glenbervie
M'Donald of Slate
Murray of Cockpool
Colquhoun of Luss
Gordon of Cluny
Lessie of Wardis
Gordon of Lessmore
Ramsay of Balmain
Forrester of Corstorphine
Graham of Braco
1626.
Forbes of Monymusk
Johnston of Caskieben
Burnet of Leys
Moncrieff of Moncrieff
Ogilvie of Carnousie
Gordon of Lochinvar
Murray of Clermonth
Blackadder of Tulliallan
Ogilvie of Innerquharity
1627.
M'Kay of Strathnaver
Maxwell of Calderwood
Sir James Stewart
Napier of Marchieston
Livingston of Kinnaird
Cunningham of Cunninghamhead
Carmichael, Westerraw
M'Gill, Cranston Riddle
Ogilvie of Barnff
Johnston of Elphinston
Cockburn of Langtoun
Campbell of Lundie
1628.
Aitchieson of Clancairny
Montgomery, Skelmorly
Campbell of Auchinbreck
Campbell of Ardnamurchan
Hope of Craighall
Preston of Airdrie
Riddell of Riddell
Murray of Blackbarony
Murray of Elibank
M'Kenzie of Tarbet
Elphinstone of Elphinstone
Forbes of Castleforbes
Hamilton of Killoch
Slingsby of Scriven
1629.
Bruce of Stanhouse
Nicolson of Laswade
Arnot of Arnot
Oliphant of Newton
Agnew of Lochnaw
Keith of Ludquhairn
1630.
Hannay of Mochrum
Forbes of Craigievar
Murray of Dunnerne
Crosbie of Crosbie Park
Sibbald of Rankeillor
Richardson of Pencaitland
Cuningham of Robertland
1631.
Wardlaw of Pittrevie
Sinclair of Cainsby
Gordon of Embo
M'Lean of Morvaren
1633.
Balfour of Denmill
Cuningham of Auchinhervie
1634.
Munro of Foulis
Foulis of Colinton
Bingham of Castewar
Vernate of Carlton
1635.
Hamilton of Broomhill
Gascoigne of Barnebow
Norton of Cheston
Pilkington of Stainlie
Hay of Smithfield
Widdrington of Cartington
Bolles of Asburton
Raney of Rotham
1636.
Fortescue of Salden
Thomson of Duddingston
Moir of Longford
Sinclair of Stevenson
Curzon of Kedleston
Browne of the Neale
Baillie of Lochend
1637.
Nicolson of Carnock
Preston of Valleyfield
Kerr of Greenhead.
Dick of Braid
1638.
Musgrave, Hayton Castle
1641.
Cooper of Ratlingcourt
Crawford of Jordanhill
1646.
Cooper of Gogar
Hamilton, Silvertonhill
1661.
Fleming of Farm
1662.
Ogilvie of Barras
1663.
Carnegy of Pitarrow
Hay of Park
Keith of Powburn
Maxwell of Orchardton
Seton of Abercorn
1664.
Henderson of Fordell
Murray of Stanhope
Dalrymple of Stair P.
Chalmers of Cults
Seaton of Charlton
Sinclair of Longformacus
Mowat of Ingliston
1665.
Graham of Gartmore
Malcolm of Lochore
Menzies of that ilk
Purves of Purveshall
Ramsay of Whitehill
1666.
Elliot of Stobs
Erskine of Alva
Erskine of Cambo
Dalziell of Glenae P.
Lindsay of Evelick
Ramsay of B
nff
Stirling of
lorat
Scot of Thirleston P.
Wood of Bonington
Stirling of Ardech
1667.
Don of Newton
Hay of Linplum
1668.
Douglas of Kelhead
Barclay of Pearston
Cuninghame, Caprington
Nisbet of Dean
1670.
Bennet of Grubbett
Wallace of Cragie
1671.
Cockburn of that ilk
Home of Blackadder
Halket of Pitsirran
Scot of Ancrum
1672.
Hope of Carse
Jardin of Applegirth
1673.
Murray of Auchtertyre
Murray of Balmanno
1677.
Dick of Prestonfield
Lockhart of Carstairs
1678.
Gilmour of Craigmillar
1679.
Campbell of Ardkinlas
Dalmahoy of that ilk
Clerk of Pennycuick
Co
hran of Ochlitree P.
1680.
Baird of Newbyth
Mattland P.
1681.
Maxwell of Monreith.
1682.
Bannerman of Elsick
Kennedy of Culean P.
Maxwell, Netherpollock
1683.
Pringle of Stitchel
Seton of Pitmedden
Stewart of Blair
Maxwell of Springkell
Sharp of Scotscraig
1685.
Dalziel of Binns
Grierson of Lag
Kilpatrick of Closeburn
Lawrie of Maxwelton
1686.
Brown of Coalston
Calder of Muirton
Kinloch of Gilmerton
Miln of Barntoun
Paterson of Bannockburn
1687.
Hall of Dunglass
Inglis of Cramond
Stewart of Allanbank
Threipland of Fingask
Paterson of Eccles
1688.
Bruce of Balkaskv
Houston of that ilk
Lander of Idington
1689.
Livingston of W. quarter
1690.
Lauder of Fountainhall
1692.
Hamilton of Barnton
1694.
Dunbar of Mochrum
1695.
Baird of Sauchtonhall
Cumming of Culter
Dickson of Carberry
1697.
Hope of Kirkliston
Home of Manderston
1698.
Dalrymple of Cranston
Dalrymple, N. Berwick
Dunbar of Durn
Hume of Renton
Stewart of Cultness
1700.
Dalrymple of Newhails
Elliot of Minto
Dunbar of Thunderton
Forbes of Foveran
Belsches Wishart, Tofts,
Johnston of Westerhall
Nicolson of Kemnay
1701.
Elphinston of Logie
Whiteford of Whiteford
1702.
Gibson of Addieston
Suttie of Balgone.
Cuninghame of Milncraig
1703.
Ferguson of Kilkerran
H. M'Dougal, Alderston
M'Kenzie of Skatewell
Pollock of that ilk
Hamilton of Rosehall
1704.
Gordon of Dalpholly
Murray of Melgum P.
Mackenzie of Royston
Grant of Grant
Nairn of Dunsinnan
Rochead of Innerleith
Wedderburne, Blackness
1705.
Grant of Cullen
Stewart of Goodtrees
Holburn of Menstrie
Naesmith of Davick
FINIS.
INDEX to VOLUME II.
REMARKABLE Occurrences
PAGE. 1
V
lgar Hisicrical Errors
16
List of Eminent Persons
17
List of the Kings of the Heptarchy
98
Kings of England, Vol.
I.
following the Preface.
Kings of Scotland
101
Kings of France
102
Kings of Poland
103
Kings of Sweden
104
Kings of Denmark
105
Kings of Spain
107
Kings of Pertugal,
ib.
Kings of Pr
ssia
ib.
Kings of Hungary and Bohemia
108
Emperors of Russia
109
Emperors of Rome
110
Emperors of the Western Empire
112
Emperors of the Eastern Empire
ib.
Emperors of Constantin
ple
113
Emperors of Germany
114
Popes
116
List of the Regiments
117
Present Kings of each Country
118
View of the Religion and Capital Cities of each Country
119
Comparative View of the Forces, Revenue, &c. of Europe
120
Royal Family of England
ib.
Lord Lieutenants of Ireland
121
Lord Chancellors
122
Chancellors of Oxford
127
Chancellors of Cambridge
128
Archbishops and Bishops of England
129
Irish Bishops
141
Lord Mayors of London
142
L
st of Second Titles
143
Peers' Names
149
Lord Chamberlains
159
Vice Chamberlains
ib.
Grooms of the Stole
ib.
Lord Stewards
ib.
Comptrollers
ib.
Treasurers
160
Cofferers
ib.
Masters of the Horse
161
Captains of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners
ib.
Keepers of the Wardrobe
ib.
Masters of the Jewel Office
ib.
List of the several Offices of the Queen's Household
ib.
Treasurers of the Chamber
162
Lords President
ib.
Lords Warden of the Stannaries
163
Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
ib.
Lords Privy Seal
ib.
Attorneys and Solicitors General
ib.
First Lords of the Treasury
164
Chancellors of the Exchequer
ib.
Secretaries to the First Lord of the Treasury
ib.
Secretaries of State
165
First Lords of Trade
ib.
Paymasters General of the Forces
166
Postmasters
ib.
Secretaries at War
167
First Lords of the Admiralty
ib.
Treasurers of the Navy
ib.
Vice and Rear Admirals of Great Britain
ib.
Vice Admirals of Scotland
168
Masters of Greenwich Hospital
ib.
Masters of the Orduance
ib.
Lieutenant Generals of ditto
ib.
Commander in Chief
ib.
Order of Precedency
169
Baronets of England
171
Baronets of Nova Scotia resident in England
177
Baronets of Ireland
ib.
Baronets of Scotland
178
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M. D. and F. R. S. Together with an alphabetical index of the same symptoms; by which the sick person, referring to any one that attacks him, may find out his disorder and his real situation.
By occasional recourse to this book, many a tormenting and expensive sickness may be prevented, and many a lise be saved; for even fatal disorders are, at first, but slight indispositions; of course, the sick person, not aware of his danger, has too often delayed seeking for a remedy, till the distemper has gained too much ground to be easily overcome, and perhaps has destroyed him; when, by opposing it in time, he might readily have recovered.
In this work physical terms are purposely avoided, that it may be understood by every reader; being calculated to shew the danger of particular diseases in their first attack; in what cases it is necessary to call in advice, and, in certain situations, what hopes there are of recovery.
The FOUR FIRST RULES of ARITHMETIC, Price 1s. So fully explained, as to be learned without the help of a master, which is not the case with any book of Arithmetic extant.
As nine tenths of the people, particularly women, have no occasion to learn any more than the first four rules, and have it not always in their power to procure a master, they will find this work sufficiently adequate to the purpose of instructing them; each rule being very clearly and fully explained, even to the capacity of girls; and with the following book, called
FAMILY TABLES, Price 3s. Being a collection of useful tables, framed for the various purposes of life, they will find more than the first four rules of arithmetic unnecessary.
A CONCISE VIEW of the COMMON and STATUTE LAW; Being a careful abridgment of BLACKSTONE's COMMENTARIES, with the law terms explained throughout as they occur.
By the Rev. Dr. JOHN TRUSLER. Quarto, Price 15s. in boards.
An HISTORICAL and POLITICAL VIEW of the Ancient and Present STATE of the COLONY of SURINAM, in South America; together with the settlements of DEMERARY and ISSEQUIBO, lately taken from the Dutch by Sir George Rodney; with an account of their productions for twenty-five years past. Price 3s.
By a person who lived there ten years, and lately returned.
The SUBLIME READER; Or, the MORNING and EVENING SERVICE of the CHURCH so pointed, and the emphatical words throughout so marked, as to display all the beauty and sublimity of the language, and render it, with the least attention, impossible to be read by the most injudicious reader but with propriety. Price 2s.
With remarks on the service, and notes of general use, By the Rev. Dr. J. TRUSLER.
Shortly will be published, by R. Baldwin, A New Edition,
With improvements and additions, but for the use of schools printed in one volume in 12mo,
The DISTINCTION between WORDS esteemed SYNONYMOUS in the English Language,
By the Rev. Dr. JOHN TRUSLER. Very useful to those who would either write or speak with propriety and elegance.